2023 Delta State gubernatorial election

The 2023 Delta State gubernatorial election will take place on 18 March 2023, to elect the Governor of Delta State, concurrent with elections to the Delta State House of Assembly as well as twenty-seven other gubernatorial elections and elections to all other state houses of assembly.[1][2] The election—which was postponed from its original 11 March date—will be held three weeks after the presidential election and National Assembly elections.[3] Incumbent PDP Governor Ifeanyi Okowa is term-limited and cannot seek re-election to a third term.

2023 Delta State gubernatorial election
18 March 2023
Registered3,221,697
 
Nominee Ovie Omo-Agege Ken Pela Sheriff Oborevwori
Party APC LP PDP
Running mate Friday Osanebi Julie Nwabogo Umukoro Monday John Onyeme
Governor before election

Ifeanyi Okowa
PDP

 Elected Governor

Sheriff Oborevwori
PDP

Party primaries were scheduled for between 4 April and 9 June 2022 with the Peoples Democratic Party nominating Speaker of the House of Assembly Sheriff Oborevwori on 25 May while the All Progressives Congress nominated Senator for Delta Central Ovie Omo-Agege on 26 May.[4][5] Although Oborevwori was initially disqualified by a Federal High Court on 7 July due to issues with his certificates, an Appeal Court overturned the ruling and reinstated Oborevwori on 29 August.[6][7]

Electoral system

The Governor of Delta State is elected using a modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive the plurality of the vote and over 25% of the vote in at least two-thirds of state local government areas. If no candidate passes this threshold, a second round will be held between the top candidate and the next candidate to have received a plurality of votes in the highest number of local government areas.

Background

Delta State is a diverse state in the South South; although its oil reserves make it one of the most wealthy states in the nation, Delta has faced challenges in frequent oil spills, environmental degradation, and cult violence in large part due to years of systemic corruption.

Politically, the state's 2019 elections were categorized as a continuation of the PDP's control as Okowa won with over 80% of the vote and the party won a majority in the House of Assembly along with holding two senate seats. For the federal House, the PDP won back one seat lost from a defection but the seat of a different defector from the PDP went to the APC leaving the total results at 9 PDP, 1 APC. Although the state was easily won by PDP presidential nominee Atiku Abubakar, it still swung towards Buhari compared to 2015 and had much lower turnout.

In Okowa's May 2019 inauguration speech, he said that his second term focuses would include establishing nineteen new technical colleges, transport infrastructure, healthcare, entrepreneurship training programmes, and agriculture development.[8] Performance-wise, Okowa was praised for increasing government transparency and improving infrastructure but was criticized for the controversial Delta Line privatization and his administration’s systemic budget misappropriation.[9][10][11][12]

Primary elections

The primaries, along with any potential challenges to primary results, were to take place between 4 April and 3 June 2022 but the deadline was extended to 9 June.[2][13] An informal zoning gentlemen's agreement sets the Delta Central Senatorial District to have the next governor as Delta Central has not held the governorship since 2007.[14] However, groups from both the Delta North Senatorial District and Delta South Senatorial District claimed that as one full rotation of district would be complete in 2023, the next rotation could start from any district.[15] Furthermore, Governor Ifeanyi Okowa claimed that there was no zoning agreement for the PDP[16] while the Delta APC chastised the comments and committed to zoning their ticket to Delta Central.[17][18] Nonetheless, both major parties ended up nominating natives of the Central district.

All Progressives Congress

The year prior to the APC primaries were categorized by party infighting between Senator Ovie Omo-Agege and several other Delta APC politicians led by minister Festus Keyamo and Great Ogboru who accused Omo-Agege of hijacking the party to guarantee his victory in the 2023 gubernatorial primary. The two groups held separate parallel party congresses in late 2021 but as Omo-Agege is a high-ranking senator, his faction's congress was recognized as legitimate by the national party and he announced his gubernatorial candidacy in April 2022.[19][20]

On 20 April 2022, the APC National Executive Committee announced the party's schedule for gubernatorial primaries, setting its expression of interest form price at ₦10 million and nomination form price at ₦40 million with a 50% nomination form discount for candidates younger than 40 while women and candidates with disabilities get free nomination forms. Forms were to be sold from 26 April to 6 May until the deadline was later extended to 10 May then 12 May.[21] After the submission of nomination forms by 13 May, candidates were screened by a party committee on 14 and 15 May while 16 May was the date for the screening appeal process.[22] Ward congresses and LGA congresses were set for between 7 and 9 May to elect delegates for the primary. Candidates approved by the screening process advanced to a primary set for 26 May, in concurrence with other APC gubernatorial primaries; challenges to the result could be made the next day.[23][24][25][26]

Ahead of the primary, Omo-Agege continuously reached out to aggrieved party members in an attempt to unify the party.[27] On the primary date, Omo-Agege was the sole candidate and won the nomination unopposed. In his acceptance speech, Omo-Agege thanked his supporters and claimed that the state party reconciliation had succeeded.[5] However, Ogboru left the party to become APGA's gubernatorial nominee, thus splitting the former state APC. About a month later, Omo-Agege picked Friday Osanebi as his running mate; Osanebi, a former House of Assembly member, was noted to be from the northern region and an ethnic Ndokwa, the group expected to get the deputy slot.[28]

Nominated

Withdrew
  • Micheal Ighofose[30]

Declined
  • Jaro Egbo: lawyer[31]

Results
APC primary results[5]
Party Candidate Votes %
APC Ovie Omo-Agege 1,190 100.00%
Total votes 1,190 100.00%
Invalid or blank votes 45 N/A
Turnout 1,235 Unknown

People's Democratic Party

Analysts viewed the PDP primary as a proxy battle between outgoing Governor Ifeanyi Okowa (who allegedly supported Assembly Speaker Sheriff Oborevwori) and former Governor James Ibori (who backed former finance commissioner David Edevbie).[32][20][33] Another element of the race is zoning with the vast majority of candidates coming from Delta Central but two exceptions from Delta South.[20]

On 16 March 2022, the national PDP announced its gubernatorial primaries' schedule, setting its expression of interest form price at ₦1 million and the nomination form price at ₦20 million with a 50% discount for candidates between 25 and 30. Forms were to be sold until 1 April but the party later extended the deadline four times before reaching a final deadline of 22 April. After the submission of nomination forms by 25 April, candidates were screened by a party committee on 28 April while 2 May was the rescheduled date for the screening appeal process. Ward congresses were set for 29 April and LGA congresses were rescheduled for 10 May to elect delegates for the primary.[34] Candidates approved by the screening process advanced to a primary set for 25 May, in concurrence with all other PDP gubernatorial primaries; challenges to the result could be made in the following days.[35][36]

Pre-primary analysis noted the previous political closeness of Okowa, Ibori, Oborevwori, and Edevbie before claiming that scandals revolving around Oborevwori credentials could hurt him.[27] On the primary date, over a dozen candidates contested an indirect primary at the Stephen Keshi Stadium that ended with Oborevwori's victory with results showing him winning over 70% of the delegates' votes.[4] Shortly before vote collation ended, Edevbie and Deputy Governor Kingsley Otuaro staged a walkout in protest of the proceedings.[37] After the primary, observers initially asked if the party could unite in the wake of the contentious primaries but when Okowa was selected as the PDP vice presidential nominee, observers noted that he had taken effective control of the entire state party from ibori for the first time since 1999.[38][39] On 23 June, Monday John Onyeme—the state Board of Internal Revenue Chairman—was announced as Oborevwori's running mate; Onyeme was noted to be from the northern region and an ethnic Ndokwa, the group expected to get the PDP deputy slot.[40][41] However, while Oborevwori was beginning his general election campaign, Edevbie went to court for the annulment of the primary based on discrepancies in Oborevwori's submitted certificates; Oborevwori was disqualified on 7 July by a Federal High Court.[6] The court ruling restarted the internal power struggle between Okowa and Obori as some party members feared that the infighting could led to the disqualification of the party.[42] While the Oborevwori appeal was pushed to August by an Appeal Court sitting in Abuja, a different High Court division found the primary election to have been validly conducted in a lawsuit filed by a different unsuccessful candidate—Ikie Agbarianovwe.[43][44] On 29 August, the Appeal Court ruled in favour of Oborevwori, reinstating him as the PDP nominee on the grounds that his opponents had not conclusively proven forgeries in his certificates.[45][7] Edevbie immediately initiated an appeal to the Supreme Court with Chief Justice Olukayode Ariwoola appointing a panel led by Justice Amina Augie to hear the case.[46][47] On 21 October—the day of the verdict, a violent crowd of PDP supporters forced their way into the courtroom;[48] after it was cleared, the panel's unanimous verdict in favour of Oborevwori was announced in which the court held that Oborevwori was the valid PDP nominee for governor.[49] Both Okowa and Oborevwori publicly celebrated the verdict as a victory for internal democratic practices while the state PDP released a statement calling for unity.[50][51]

Nominated

Eliminated in primary

Withdrew

Results

Candidates' vote share

  Sheriff Oborevwori (71.86%)
  David Edevbie (13.77%)
  James Manager (10.11%)
  Other candidates (4.26%)
PDP primary results[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
PDP Sheriff Oborevwori 590 71.86%
PDP David Edevbie 113 13.77%
PDP James Manager 83 10.11%
PDP Peter Mrakpor 9 1.10%
PDP Kingsley Otuaro 9 1.10%
PDP Fred Majemite 6 0.73%
PDP Ejaife Odebala 3 0.37%
PDP Bright Onajefe-Gift 3 0.37%
PDP Braduce Angozi 2 0.24%
PDP Abel Esievo 2 0.24%
PDP Lucky Idike 1 0.12%
PDP Ikie Agbarianovwe 0 0.00%
PDP Chris Iyowaye 0 0.00%
Total votes 821 100.00%
Invalid or blank votes 3 N/A
Turnout 824 Unknown

Minor parties

Campaign

After the primaries in June 2022, observers stated that then-PDP nominee Sheriff Oborevwori focused on unifying the state PDP while the APC began general election preparations.[75] Analysts also noted two notable minor party nominees—longtime politician Great Ogboru (APGA) and former Minister Kenneth Gbagi (SDP)—while also writing about the power shift as all prominent candidates were from the central district.[76][77] By late June and July, both major parties' focus had shifted to the search for a deputy gubernatorial nominee as regional and ethnic balance was considered; as both Omo-Agege and Oborevwori are ethnic Urhobos from the central district, they looked towards the northern district for a running mate. As the Ndokwa people had never produced a governor or deputy governor, both Omo-Agege and Oborevwori picked a running mate from the ethnic group—Friday Osanebi and Monday John Onyeme, respectively.[78]

Despite attempts at PDP reconciliation, a lawsuit challenging Oborevwori's candidacy by runner-up David Edevbie was not withdrawn and emerged successful on 7 July. The court ruling disqualified Oborevwori for discrepancies in his certificates and ordered the PDP to conduct a new primary.[6] Oborevwori immediately appealed the decision and the PDP insisted that he was the party nominee but INEC omitted his name from the list of recognized nominees later in July.[79] Although Oborevwori was reinstated as nominee by an Appeal Court ruling in late August, the month was dominated by PDP infighting and observer questions over the party's electoral strength.[7][80][81] Coupled with the previous infighting was the shadow of Edevbie's appeal to the Supreme Court, which reporters said signified the continuation of the PDP crisis.[46] When the official campaign period began in early October, analysis focused on various candidates while noting that the PDP had not resolved its crisis.[82] The PDP dispute was finally concluded in mid-October as the Supreme Court ruled in favour of Oborevwori, affirming him as the valid PDP nominee.[49]

At the end of October, negative campaigning escalated as Omo-Agege labeled Oborevwori as simply a proxy of Okowa while Oborevwori derided the APC as non-performing.[83] By the next month, the jabs had intensified further with Omo-Agege accusing Oborevwori of running the House of Assembly as a rubber stamp for Okowa while Oborevwori responded by labeling the Senate as a rubber stamp for Buhari. The attacks were in the wider context of internal party rifts within both the APC and PDP as there were notably absences from campaign events by the intraparty rivals of Omo-Agege and Oborevwori.[84][85] As campaigning continued into the new year, pundits noted the seeming disinterest in campaigning from the Edevbie-aligned camp within the PDP along with waves of defections from several parties in January 2023.[86][87][88][89] Other observers noted the renewed political salience of ethnic identity politics.[90] By February, analysts reviewed the chances of each candidate, noting that no minor party nominee seemed to have gained a foothold or have a chance of victory.[91] Premium Times analysis labeled the race as a tossup between Oborevwori and Omo-Agege; noting the outcome of the presidential election and the moves of James Ibori as two key unknown factors before Election Day.[92]

Later in February, focus switched to the presidential election on 25 February. In the election, Delta State voted for Peter Obi (LP); Obi won the state with 55.6% of the vote, beating Atiku Abubakar (PDP) at 26.3% and Bola Tinubu (APC) at 14.7%. Considered a slight surprise—considering Okowa was Abubakar's running mate—the result led to increased focus on the gubernatorial race.[93] Additionally, the presidential result pushed journalists to label Ken Pela (LP) as a major candidate due to Obi's win.[94]

Projections
Source Projection As of
Africa Elects[lower-alpha 1][95] Tossup 17 March 2023
Enough is Enough-
SBM Intelligence[lower-alpha 2][96]		 Oborevwori 2 March 2023

Conduct

Electoral timetable

On 26 February 2022, the Independent National Electoral Commission released the timetable, setting out key dates and deadlines for the election.[97] Months later on 27 May 2022, INEC made a slight revision to the timetable, allowing parties extra time to conduct primaries.[98]

  • 28 February 2022 – Publication of Notice of Election
  • 4 April 2022 – First day for the conduct of party primaries
  • 9 June 2022[lower-alpha 3] – Final day for the conduct of party primaries, including the resolution of disputes arising from them
  • 1 July 2022 – First day for submission of nomination forms to INEC via the online portal
  • 15 July 2022 – Final day for submission of nomination forms to INEC via the online portal
  • 12 October 2022 – Commencement of the official campaign period
  • 16 March 2023[lower-alpha 4] – Final day of the official campaign period

General election

Results
2023 Delta State gubernatorial election
Party Candidate Votes %
A Helen Agboola Onokiti
AA Jenkins Duvie Gwede
ADP Emmanuel Samuel Ogba
APP Annabel Cosmas
ADC Efeoghene Shedrack Ekure
APM Ekene Eze
APC Ovie Omo-Agege
APGA Great Ogboru
BP Sylvester Umudjane
LP Kennedy Kawhariebie Pela
NNPP Goodnews Agbi
NRM Emmanuel America
PDP Sheriff Oborevwori
PRP Immanuel Edijala
SDP Kenneth Gbagi
YPP Sunny Ofehe
ZLP Emmanuel Okoh
Total votes 100.00%
Invalid or blank votes N/A
Turnout

By senatorial district

The results of the election by senatorial district.

Senatorial District Ovie Omo-Agege
APC		 Sheriff Oborevwori
PDP		 Others Total Valid Votes
Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage
Delta Central Senatorial District[lower-alpha 5] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Delta North Senatorial District[lower-alpha 6] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Delta South Senatorial District[lower-alpha 7] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Totals TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD

By federal constituency

The results of the election by federal constituency.

Federal Constituency Ovie Omo-Agege
APC		 Sheriff Oborevwori
PDP		 Others Total Valid Votes
Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage
Aniocha/Oshimili Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 8] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Bomadi/Patani Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 9] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Burutu Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 10] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Ethiope East/Ethiope West Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 11] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Ika North East/Ika South Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 12] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Isoko South/Isoko North Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 13] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Okpe/Sapele/Uvwie Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 14] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Ndokwa East/Ndokwa West/Ukwuani Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 15] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Ughelli North/Ughelli South/Udu Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 16] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Warri North/Warri South/Warri South West Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 17] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Totals TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD

By local government area

The results of the election by local government area.

LGA Ovie Omo-Agege
APC		 Sheriff Oborevwori
PDP		 Others Total Valid Votes Turnout Percentage
Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage
Aniocha North TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Aniocha South TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Bomadi TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Burutu TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Ethiope East TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Ethiope West TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Ika North East TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Ika South TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Isoko North TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Isoko South TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Ndokwa East TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Ndokwa West TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Oshimili North TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Oshimili South TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Patani TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Sapele TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Udu TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Ughelli North TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Ughelli South TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Ukwuani TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Uvwie TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Warri North TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Warri South TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Warri South West TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Totals TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %

See also

Notes
  1. AfricaElects projections predict the likelihood of a candidate winning a state by categorizing a state as "Safe" for exceedingly likely, "Likely" for somewhat likely, and "Lean" for least likely. If no clear determination could be made, states are categorized as "tossups".
  2. EiE-SBM projections predict which candidates will win states.
  3. The original deadline was 3 June; however, INEC pushed it back to 9 June at the behest of parties.[99]
  4. The original deadline was 9 March; however, INEC pushed it back to 16 March.[100]
  5. Comprising the local government areas of Ethiope East, Ethiope West, Sapele, Okpe, Udu, Ughelli North, Ughelli South, and Uvwie.
  6. Comprising the local government areas of Aniocha North, Aniocha South, Ika North East, Ika South, Ndokwa East, Ndokwa West, Oshimili South, Oshimili North, and Ukwuani.
  7. Comprising the local government areas of Bomadi, Burutu, Isoko North, Isoko South, Patani, Warri North, Warri South, and Warri South West.
  8. Comprising the local government areas of Aniocha North, Aniocha South, Oshimili North, and Oshimili South.
  9. Comprising the local government areas of Bomadi and Patani.
  10. Comprising the local government area of Burutu.
  11. Comprising the local government areas of Ethiope East and Ethiope West.
  12. Comprising the local government areas of Ika North East and Ika South.
  13. Comprising the local government areas of Isoko North and Isoko South.
  14. Comprising the local government areas of Okpe, Sapele, and Uvwie.
  15. Comprising the local government areas of Ndokwa East, Ndokwa West, and Ukwuani.
  16. Comprising the local government areas of Udu, Ughelli North, and Ughelli South.
  17. Comprising the local government areas of Warri North, Warri South, and Warri South West.

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