Matter (standard)

Matter is an open-source connectivity standard for smart home and IoT (Internet of Things) devices,[2][3][4] which aims to improve interoperability/compatibility between different manufacturer and security by always allowing local control as an option.[5][6][7]

Matter
Matter smart home connectivity standard
A picture of the matter logo with the text matter and a logo showing three arrows pointing into the centre with curved and rounded edges.
StatusPublished[1]
Year startedDecember 18, 2019 (2019-12-18)
First publishedOctober 4, 2022 (2022-10-04)
Latest version1.2
23 October 2023
Committee
AuthorsThe connectivity standards alliance and Open source contributors
Base standardsInternet Protocol (IP)
Related standardsZigbee, Z-Wave, Thread, Wi-Fi
Domain
LicenseProprietary, by certification. Code and documentation published under the Apache License.
Websitecsa-iot.org/all-solutions/matter/

The standard is royalty-free,[8] though developers and manufacturers incur certification costs.[9] It originated in December 2019 as the "Project Connected Home over IP" (or "CHIP" for short) working group, founded by Amazon, Apple, Google and the Zigbee Alliance, now called the Connectivity Standards Alliance.[3][5] Subsequent members include IKEA, Huawei, and Schneider.[10][11] Version 1.0 of the specification was published on 4 October 2022.[1][12][13] The Matter software development kit is open-source under the Apache License.[14]

Matter-compatible software updates for many existing hubs became available in late 2022,[15][16][17] with Matter-enabled devices and software updates expected to be released during 2023.[18]

Background

In December 2019, Amazon, Apple, Google, Samsung SmartThings and the Zigbee Alliance announced the collaboration and formation of the working group of Project Connected Home over IP. The goal of the project is to simplify development for smart home product brands and manufacturers while increasing the compatibility of the products for consumers.[19][20]

The standard is based on Internet Protocol (IP) and works through one or several compatible border routers, avoiding the use of multiple proprietary hubs. Matter products run locally and do not rely on an internet connection, although the standard is designed to talk to the cloud easily. It is intended to enable cross-platform of smart home devices, mobile apps, and cloud services, and defines a specific set of IP-based networking technologies for device certification.

The project group is also expected to be joined by some other board member companies of Zigbee Alliance.[21]

Versions

Updates to the standard are planned to occur biannually.[22]

  • Version 1.0 of the specification was published on 4 October 2022.[23] It introduced support for lighting products (such as mains power plugs, electric lights and switches), door locks, thermostats and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning controllers, blinds and shades, home security sensors (such as door, window and motion sensors), and televisions and streaming video players.[24]
  • Version 1.1 of the specification was published on 18 May 2023. While a new version it did not include any new categories. Only bug fixes and enhancements to existing SDK, API and devices.[25]
  • Version 1.2 of the specification was published on 23 October 2023. This version adds nine new device types (Refrigerators, Dishwashers, Laundry Washers, Robotic Vacuums, Smoke & Carbon Monoxide Alarms, Air Quality Sensors , Air Purifiers, and Fans). It also provides revisions and additions to existing categories, improvements to the specification and SDK, and certification and testing tools.[26]

For future versions, the working group has been working on support for robotic vacuum cleaners, ambient motion and presence sensing, smoke and carbon monoxide detectors, environmental sensing and controls, closure sensors, energy management, Wi-Fi access points, cameras and major appliances.[22]

Supported devices

The Connectivity Standards Alliance (CSA) maintains the official list of Matter certified products and restricts use of the Matter logo to certified devices. This list is available on the CSA's Certified Products Search. Matter product certification is also stored on the CSA's Distributed Compliance Ledger (DCL), which publishes attestation information about certified devices.

See also
  • Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) – a service layer protocol that is intended for use in resource-constrained internet devices
  • IEEE 802.15.4 is a technical standard which defines the operation of a low-rate wireless personal area network (LR-WPAN) which Matter battery-operated devices rely on such as
    • Thread – wireless mesh network transport-layer protocol primarily designed for low-power battery-powered devices, which Matter uses as one of its supported transport layers
    • Zigbee – wireless mesh network transport- and application-level protocol for home automation which provided a starting point for the Matter specification
    • 6LoWPAN – protocol to make network packets small and simple enough for low-power battery-powered devices
  • Z-Wave – sub-GHz wireless mesh transport- and application-level standard primarily designed for home automation, smart security, and MDU.
  • Amazon Alexa – Smart Home home control system
  • HomeKit – Apple home control system
  • HomeAssistant – Open source home control system with a local control & privacy focus
  • LoRaWAN - Low Power, Wide Area (LPWA) networking protocol designed to wirelessly connect battery operated ‘things’ to the internet in regional, national or global networks
  • Weave – Google
  • SmartThings – Samsung Home control system
  • Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)
  • OMA LWM2M
  • MQTT
  • KNX, example of a well known standard for cabled integration of home automation equipment
  • ADRC – Xped Auto Discovery Resource Control
  • Homey Pro – Smart home hub with Matter and Thread

References
  1. "V1.0.0 Release". GitHub. 30 September 2022. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
  2. "What Is Matter? The New Smart Home Standard, Explained". PCMag. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  3. Kastrenakes, Jacob (18 December 2019). "Apple, Google, and Amazon are teaming up to develop a smart home standard". The Verge. Retrieved 24 December 2019.
  4. Purdy, Kevin (5 August 2022). "Wemo's confused Smart Dimmer shows how hard standardizing IoT may be". Ars Technica. Condé Nast. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  5. "With Amazon, Apple and Google onboard, this new alliance aims to make your smart home work properly". ZDNET. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  6. Hall, Christine (4 October 2022). "Matter's Internet of Things standard, certification ready for developers". TechCrunch. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  7. Seifert, Dan (16 April 2021). "Amazon, Apple, and Google's smart home partnership is close". The Verge. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  8. Hill, Simon (3 April 2022). "What's the Matter? We Explain the New Smart Home Standard". Wired. Condé Nast. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
  9. "Certification Process | Why Certify". Connectivity Standards Alliance. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
  10. Mihalcik, Carrie. "Apple, Amazon, Google, and others want to create a new standard for smart home tech". CNET. Retrieved 24 December 2019.
  11. Strategy, Moor Insights and. "CHIP Shot: Will Project Connected Home Over IP Get Us Onto The IoT Green?". Forbes. Retrieved 3 September 2020.
  12. "Matter 1.0 arrives". Connectivity Standards Alliance. 4 October 2022. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
  13. Tuohy, Jennifer Pattison (4 October 2022). "Matter 1.0 is finally finalized — so what's next?". The Verge. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
  14. "project-chip/connectedhomeip". Connectivity Standards Alliance. 14 June 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
  15. "Apple rolls out software updates for matter". 25 October 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  16. "Matter is now available on Google Nest and Android devices". 15 December 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  17. "Amazon announces a phased rollout of Matter to its Alexa smart home platform". 3 November 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  18. "One Brand Dominates the CES Smart Home Conversation This Year". Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  19. Gurman, Mark; De Vynck, Gerrit (18 December 2019). "Apple, Google, Amazon Want One Language for Smart Devices". Bloomberg. Retrieved 24 December 2019.
  20. Haselton, Todd (18 December 2019). "Apple, Google and Amazon are cooperating to make your home gadgets talk to each other". CNBC. Retrieved 24 December 2019.
  21. "Is this the end of the smart home tech war?". BBC. 18 December 2019. Retrieved 24 December 2019.
  22. Matter, the new Global Standard for the Smart Home, Debuts at the Amsterdam Launch Event, retrieved 19 November 2022
  23. "Newsroom | Articles & Blogs | IOT". CSA-IOT. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
  24. "The Matter Smart Home Standard Is Finally Available: Here's What It Means for Your Home". Consumer Reports. 3 November 2022. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
  25. "Matter 1.1 release — Enhancements for developers and devices". CSA-IOT. 18 May 2023. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  26. "Matter 1.2 Arrives with Nine New Device Types &". CSA-IOT. 23 October 2023.

Further reading
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