Nitrogen tribromide

Nitrogen tribromide is a chemical compound with the formula NBr3. It is extremely explosive in its pure form, even at −100 °C, and was not isolated until 1975.[2] It is a deep-red and volatile solid.

Nitrogen tribromide
Nitrogen tribromide molecule
Names
IUPAC name
nitrogen tribromide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
  • InChI=1S/3BrH.N/h3*1H;/p-3
  • N(Br)(Br)Br
Properties
NBr3
Molar mass 253.7187 g/mol
Appearance Deep red solid
Melting point Explodes at -100 °C[1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Preparation

NBr3 was first prepared by reaction of bistrimethylsilylbromamine (bis(trimethylsilyl)amine bromide) with bromine monochloride (with trimethylsilyl chloride as byproduct) at −87 °C according to the following equation:

(Me3Si)2NBr + 2 BrCl → NBr3 + 2 Me
3SiCl

where "Me" is a methyl group.

Reactions

Nitrogen tribromide reacts instantly with ammonia in dichloromethane solution at −87 °C to yield NBrH2.[3]

NBr3 + 2 NH3 → 3 NH2Br

It also reacts with iodine in dichloromethane solution at −87 °C to produce NBr2I, which is a red-brown solid that stable up to -20 °C.[3]

NBr3 + I2 → NBr2I + IBr

References
  1. Lide, David R. (1998), Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.), Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, pp. 4–73, ISBN 0-8493-0594-2
  2. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 439. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
  3. Matyáš, Robert; Pachman, Jiří. (2013). Primary explosives. Berlin: Springer. p. 294. ISBN 978-3-642-28436-6. OCLC 832350093.
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