Ulanqab

Ulanqab or Ulan Chab (Chinese: 乌兰察布; pinyin: Wūlánchábù; Mongolian: Ulaɣančab qota; Mongolian cyrillic.Улаанцав хот) is a region administered as a prefecture-level city in south-central Inner Mongolia, China. Its administrative centre is in Jining District, which was formerly a county-level city. It was established as a prefecture-level city on 1 December 2003, formed from the former Ulanqab League. The Ulanqab Stadium is located in the city.

Ulanqab
乌兰察布市 • ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ
Prefecture-level city
Huanghuagou, a grassland scenic spot near Ulanqab
Huanghuagou, a grassland scenic spot near Ulanqab
Location of Ulanqab City jurisdiction in Inner Mongolia
Location of Ulanqab City jurisdiction in Inner Mongolia
Ulanqab is located in Inner Mongolia
Ulanqab
Ulanqab
Location of the city centre in Inner Mongolia
Coordinates (Ulanqab government): 40°59′38″N 113°07′55″E
CountryPeople's Republic of China
Autonomous regionInner Mongolia
Municipal seatJining District
Area
 • Prefecture-level city54,473.6 km2 (21,032.4 sq mi)
 • Urban
 (2017)[1]
521.6 km2 (201.4 sq mi)
 • Metro
2,965.6 km2 (1,145.0 sq mi)
Elevation
1,378 m (4,521 ft)
Population
 (2020 census[2])
 • Prefecture-level city1,706,328
 • Density31/km2 (81/sq mi)
 • Urban
 [1]
425,059
 • Urban density810/km2 (2,100/sq mi)
 • Metro
550,231
 • Metro density190/km2 (480/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
012000
Area code(0)474
ISO 3166 codeCN-NM-09
Licence Plate Prefix蒙J
Websitewulanchabu.gov.cn
Ulanqab
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese乌兰察布
Traditional Chinese烏蘭察布
Mongolian name
Mongolian CyrillicУлаанцав хот
Mongolian scriptᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ

Ulaan Chab city has an area of 54,473.6 square kilometres (21,032.4 sq mi). It borders Hohhot to the west, Mongolia to the north, Xilin Gol League to the northeast, Hebei to the east and Shanxi to the south. As of the 2020 census, its total population was, 1,706,328 inhabitants (2,143,590 in 2010) whom 550,231 inhabitants lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Jining District and Qahar Right Front Banner largely conurbated in its northern part.[3]

The western part of Ulaan Chab used to be part of the now-defunct Chinese province of Suiyuan.

Administrative subdivisions

Ulaan Chab has eleven administrative divisions: one district, one county-level city, five counties and four banners:

Map
Name Mongolian Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Population
(2010 est.)		 Area (km²) Density (/km²)
Jining District ᠵᠢᠨᠢᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ
(Jiniŋ toɣoriɣ)		 集宁区 Jíníng Qū 356,135 418 851
Fengzhen city ᠹᠧᠩᠵᠧᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ
(Fėŋjėn qota)		 丰镇市 Fēngzhèn Shì 245,608 2,704 90
Zhuozi County ᠵᠦᠸᠧᠽᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ
(Jüvėdzi siyan)		 卓资县 Zhuózī Xiàn 136,965 3,119 43
Huade County ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠳᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ
(Quvadė siyan)		 化德县 Huàdé Xiàn 123,535 2,527 48
Shangdu County ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠳᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ
(Šaŋdu siyan)		 商都县 Shāngdū Xiàn 234,417 4,304 54
Xinghe County ᠰᠢᠩᠾᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ
(Siŋhė siyan)		 兴和县 Xīnghé Xiàn 220,067 3,519 62
Liangcheng County ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩᠴᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ
(Liyaŋčaŋ siyan)		 凉城县 Liángchéng Xiàn 185,954 3,451 53
Qahar Right Front Banner
(Qahar Barun Garun Omnod Banner)		 ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Čaqar Baraɣun Ɣarun Emünedü qosiɣu)		 察哈尔右翼前旗 Cháhā'ěr Yòuyì Qián Qí 164,434 2,734 60
Qahar Right Middle Banner
(Qahar Barun Garun Dundad Banner)		 ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Čaqar Baraɣun Ɣarun Dumdadu qosiɣu)		 察哈尔右翼中旗 Cháhā'ěr Yòuyì Zhōng Qí 149,483 4,200 35
Qahar Right Rear Banner
(Qahar Barun Garun Hoit Banner)		 ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Čaqar Baraɣun Ɣarun Qoyitu qosiɣu)		 察哈尔右翼后旗 Cháhā'ěr Yòuyì Hòu Qí 150,174 3,803 39
Dorbod Banner ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Dörbed qosiɣu)		 四子王旗 Sìzǐwáng Qí 176,818 24,016 7

Geography and climate

Ulanqab features a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk), marked by long, cold and very dry winters, warm, somewhat humid summers, and strong winds, especially in spring. More than half of the annual precipitation of around 340 millimetres (13.4 in) falls in July and August alone.

Climate data for Ulanqab (Jining District, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 8.6
(47.5)		 13.5
(56.3)		 21.7
(71.1)		 30.1
(86.2)		 31.9
(89.4)		 35.4
(95.7)		 35.5
(95.9)		 32.5
(90.5)		 32.4
(90.3)		 24.6
(76.3)		 18.3
(64.9)		 8.8
(47.8)		 35.5
(95.9)
Average high °C (°F) −5.6
(21.9)		 −1.1
(30.0)		 5.7
(42.3)		 14.0
(57.2)		 20.3
(68.5)		 24.7
(76.5)		 26.4
(79.5)		 24.8
(76.6)		 19.8
(67.6)		 12.4
(54.3)		 3.1
(37.6)		 −4.2
(24.4)		 11.7
(53.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) −12.5
(9.5)		 −8.3
(17.1)		 −1.3
(29.7)		 7.0
(44.6)		 13.7
(56.7)		 18.4
(65.1)		 20.5
(68.9)		 18.7
(65.7)		 13.0
(55.4)		 5.5
(41.9)		 −3.4
(25.9)		 −10.5
(13.1)		 5.1
(41.1)
Average low °C (°F) −17.7
(0.1)		 −14.0
(6.8)		 −7.5
(18.5)		 0.2
(32.4)		 6.7
(44.1)		 11.8
(53.2)		 14.7
(58.5)		 12.8
(55.0)		 6.9
(44.4)		 −0.3
(31.5)		 −8.3
(17.1)		 −15.2
(4.6)		 −0.8
(30.5)
Record low °C (°F) −32.4
(−26.3)		 −30.6
(−23.1)		 −24.3
(−11.7)		 −14.5
(5.9)		 −6.0
(21.2)		 −0.1
(31.8)		 6.9
(44.4)		 0.0
(32.0)		 −6.5
(20.3)		 −14.5
(5.9)		 −27.8
(−18.0)		 −31.6
(−24.9)		 −32.4
(−26.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 1.6
(0.06)		 2.3
(0.09)		 6.6
(0.26)		 16.3
(0.64)		 31.7
(1.25)		 51.6
(2.03)		 109.3
(4.30)		 69.4
(2.73)		 44.9
(1.77)		 18.9
(0.74)		 6.4
(0.25)		 1.7
(0.07)		 360.7
(14.19)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 2.0 2.3 3.7 4.5 7.0 11.7 13.3 11.1 9.1 5.1 2.7 1.9 74.4
Average snowy days 3.3 4.4 5.3 3.4 0.4 0 0 0 0.1 1.9 4.4 3.9 27.1
Average relative humidity (%) 55 48 41 36 38 49 61 62 58 53 55 55 51
Mean monthly sunshine hours 206.7 212.1 252.2 264.7 278.8 255.7 250.9 250.8 230.2 235.9 201.8 195.7 2,835.5
Percent possible sunshine 69 70 68 66 62 57 55 59 62 70 69 69 65
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[4][5]
Source 2: Weather China[6]

Demographics

In the 2000 census, there were 2,284,414 inhabitants:

Ethnic group no. of inhabitants share
Han 2,203,345 96.45%
Mongols 60,064 2.63%
Manchu 11,792 0.52%
Hui 7,683 0.34%
Koreans 198 0.01%
Tujia 185 0.01%
Miao 175 0.01%
Other 972 0.04%

Transport

Ulanqab's transportation network is well-developed, connected by several railways and highways. Some of the railways the pass through the prefecture are the Beijing−Baotou, Jining−Erlianhot, and the Jining−Tongliao Railways. Major inter-provincial roads include the G6 Beijing–Lhasa Expressway (京藏高速), China National Highway 110 (Beijing to Yinchuan, Ningxia) and 208 (Erlianhot, Inner Mongolia to Changzhi, Shanxi). The city is also served by Ulanqab Jining Airport.

Known people from Ulanqab

References
  1. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, ed. (2019). China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017. Beijing: China Statistics Press. p. 46. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
  2. "China: Inner Mongolia (Prefectures, Leagues, Cities, Districts, Banners and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
  3. "China: Inner Mongolia (Prefectures, Leagues, Cities, Districts, Banners and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
  4. 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  5. 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  6. 集宁 - 气象数据 -中国天气网 (in Chinese). Weather China. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
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