Theano (software)

Theano is a Python library and optimizing compiler for manipulating and evaluating mathematical expressions, especially matrix-valued ones.[2] In Theano, computations are expressed using a NumPy-esque syntax and compiled to run efficiently on either CPU or GPU architectures.

Theano
Original author(s)Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms (MILA), University of Montreal
Developer(s)PyMC Development Team
Initial release2007 (2007)
Final release
2.17.3[1] / 17 October 2023 (17 October 2023)
Repository
Written inPython, CUDA
PlatformLinux, macOS, Windows
TypeMachine learning library
LicenseThe 3-Clause BSD License
Websitepytensor.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ Edit this on Wikidata

History

Theano is an open source project[3] primarily developed by the Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms (MILA) at the Université de Montréal.[4]

The name of the software references the ancient philosopher Theano, long associated with the development of the golden mean.

On 28 September 2017, Pascal Lamblin posted a message from Yoshua Bengio, Head of MILA: major development would cease after the 1.0 release due to competing offerings by strong industrial players.[5] Theano 1.0.0 was then released on 15 November 2017.[6]

On 17 May 2018, Chris Fonnesbeck wrote on behalf of the PyMC development team[7] that the PyMC developers will officially assume control of Theano maintenance once they step down. On 29 January 2021, they started using the name Aesara for their fork of Theano.[8]

On 29 Nov 2022, the PyMC development team[9] that the PyMC developers will fork the Aesara project under the name PyTensor.

Sample code

The following code is the original Theano's example. It defines a computational graph with 2 scalars a and b of type double and an operation between them (addition) and then creates a Python function f that does the actual computation.[10]

import theano
from theano import tensor

# Declare two symbolic floating-point scalars
a = tensor.dscalar()
b = tensor.dscalar()

# Create a simple expression
c = a + b

# Convert the expression into a callable object that takes (a, b)
# values as input and computes a value for c
f = theano.function([a, b], c)

# Bind 1.5 to 'a', 2.5 to 'b', and evaluate 'c'
assert 4.0 == f(1.5, 2.5)

See also

References
  1. "Release 2.17.3". 17 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  2. Bergstra, J.; O. Breuleux; F. Bastien; P. Lamblin; R. Pascanu; G. Desjardins; J. Turian; D. Warde-Farley; Y. Bengio (30 June 2010). "Theano: A CPU and GPU Math Expression Compiler" (PDF). Proceedings of the Python for Scientific Computing Conference (SciPy) 2010.
  3. "Github Repository". GitHub.
  4. "deeplearning.net".
  5. Lamblin, Pascal (28 September 2017). "MILA and the future of Theano". theano-users (Mailing list). Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  6. "Release Notes – Theano 1.0.0 documentation".
  7. Developers, PyMC (1 June 2019). "Theano, TensorFlow and the Future of PyMC". Medium. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
  8. "Theano-2.0.0". GitHub.
  9. Developers, PyMC (20 November 2022). "PyMC forked Aesara to PyTensor". pymc.io. Retrieved 19 July 2023.
  10. "Theano Documentation Release 1.0.0" (PDF). LISA lab, University of Montreal. 21 November 2017. p. 22. Retrieved 31 August 2018.
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