Timeline of San Francisco
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of San Francisco, California, United States.
Prior to the 1800s
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- 1776 – Presidio of San Francisco and Mission San Francisco de Asís established by colonists from Spain.
- 1791 – Mission San Francisco de Asís building dedicated.
1800s
- 1847
- Yerba Buena renamed "San Francisco."
- City hotel built.[1]
- 1848
- Territory ceded from Mexico to the United States per Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
- California Gold Rush begins.[2]
- 1849
- St. Francis hotel built.[1]
- Boudin Bakery, Olympic Amphitheatre,[3] and Union Iron Works[4] in business.
- West Indian Benevolent Association established.[5]
- 1850
- April 15: City of San Francisco incorporated.[6][2]
- May 1: John W. Geary becomes mayor.
- October 29: San Francisco becomes part of the new U.S. State of California.
- Chamber of Commerce[7] Society of California Pioneers,[8] and Jenny Lind Theatre[3] established.
- Population: 34,000.[2]
- 1851
- May 3–4: Fire.[9]
- San Francisco Committee of Vigilance organized.
- Pioneer Race Course opens.
- 1852
- Ghirardelli in business.
- Mercantile Library Association of San Francisco, Sons of the Emerald Isle, and San Francisco Turn Verein established.[8]
- The Golden Era newspaper begins publication.
- 1853 – California Academy of Sciences, YMCA,[8] and Russ garden[1] established.
- 1854
- San Francisco Mechanics' Institute established.
- Lone Mountain Cemetery established[10]
- 1855 – Hebrew Young Men's Literary Assoc. active.[11]
- 1856 – Mirror of the Times[5] and Daily Morning Call[12] newspapers begin publication.
- 1857 – California State Convention of Colored Citizens, a colored convention, held in city.[13]
- 1858 – Italian Benevolent Society organized.[8]
- 1859 – San Francisco Schuetzen-Verein founded.[14]
- 1860
- March 27: Japanese embassy arrives.[15]
- Olympic Club founded.[16]
- Population: 56,802.[17]
- 1861
- Overland Telegraph Company begins operating (New York-San Francisco).[9]
- Fraternitas Rosae Crucis lodge established.[18]
- 1862
- Heald's Business College[19] and Franchise League[5] established.
- The San Francisco Stock and Bond Exchange was founded.[20]
- 1863
- San Francisco and San Jose Railroad begins operating soon.
- St. Andrew's Society founded.[8]
- Cliff House rebuilt.
- Charlotte L. Brown sues a racially segregated San Francisco streetcar company and wins.[21]
- 1864 –
- Concordia-Argonaut Club founded.
- Hugh Toland found the Toland Medical College, which would later become the University of California, San Francisco
- 1865 – Daily Examiner and Daily Dramatic Chronicle newspapers begin publication.[12]
- 1866 – Merchants' Exchange Association, Caledonian Club,[8] and Woodward's Gardens[1] established.
- 1867
- Street begging ban effected.[22]
- San Francisco City and County Almshouse opens.[23]
- 1868 – San Francisco County Medical Society[8] and Women's Co-operative Printing Office established.
- 1869
- California Theatre opens.
- San Francisco Yacht Club founded.[8]
- Grand hotel built.[1]
- Central Pacific Railroad line to Oakland completed.[2]
- 1870
- Golden Gate Park[9] and San Francisco Microscopical Society[24] established.
- Population: 149,473.[17]
- 1871 – San Francisco Art Association and St. Luke's Hospital[14][25] established.
- 1872 – Bohemian Club and Bar Association of San Francisco founded.[8]
- 1873
- Clay Street Hill Railroad begins operating.
- Polish Society of California organized.[8]
- 1874 – California School of Design, and Territorial Pioneers of California[8] established.
- 1875
- Palace Hotel in business.[1]
- Fire patrol established.[14]
- 1876
- Pioneer Park, Pacific Homeopathic Dispensary Association, and Ligue Nationale Francaise established.[8]
- Railway connexion to Los Angeles.[2]
- 1877
- Board of Trade, Spanish Mutual Benevolent Society,[8] and Workingmen's Party of California[26] established.
- Anti-Chinese sentiment leads to riots against Chinatown residents and businesses.[27]
- Baldwin hotel built.[1]
- 1878 – San Francisco Public Library,[28][29] Pacific Yacht Club, and Young Women's Christian Association founded.[8]
- 1879 – Golden Gate Kindergarten Association organized.[14]
- 1880 – California State Convention of Colored Citizens, a colored convention, held in city.[30]
- 1881 – Geographical Society of the Pacific organized.[8]
- 1883 – Pacific Coast Amateur Photographic Association headquartered in city.[31]
- 1887 – Cogswell Polytechnical College established.[19]
- 1888 – Associated Charities[14] and San Francisco Business College[19] established.
- 1889 – Pacific-Union Club formed.
- 1890
- California Camera Club[32] and University Club of San Francisco established.
- Population: 298,997.[2]
- 1891 – Gregg Shorthand school established.[19]
- 1892
- Hibernia Bank built.[33]
- Trocadero Hotel opens.
- 1893 – Mark Hopkins Institute of Art established.[34]
- 1894
- Wilmerding School of Industrial Arts established.[35]
- California Midwinter International Exposition of 1894 held; Japanese Tea Garden built.
- 1895
- California School of Mechanical Arts established.[35]
- M. H. de Young Memorial Museum opens as Golden Gate Park Museum.[36]
- 1896 – Sutro Baths open.
- 1898
- San Francisco Ferry Building opens.
- City rechartered.[9]
- League of California Municipalities headquartered in city.[37]
- Buddhist temple founded.[38][39]
- 1899
- San Francisco State Normal School established.
- City Hall built.
- 1900 – Population: 342,782.[40][2]
1900s
1900s–1940s
- 1901
- 1902 – Eugene Schmitz becomes mayor.
- 1905 – 1908: San Francisco graft trials
- 1906 – April 18: Earthquake and fires.[42][2]
- 1907
- July: Mayor Eugene Schmitz imprisoned.[9]
- International Hotel built.
- A. Mutt comic strip begins publication in the San Francisco Chronicle.
- 1908 – South San Francisco incorporated near city.[43]
- 1910
- San Francisco Housing Association organized.[44]
- Population: 416,912.[2]
- 1911
- San Francisco Symphony founded.
- Cort theatre opens.[45]
- 1912
- Lux School for Industrial Training for Girls opens.
- Book Club of California established.[46]
- James Rolph becomes mayor.
- Tadich Grill in business.[47]
- 1914 – San Francisco National Guard Armory and Arsenal built.
- 1915
- January 25: First transcontinental telephone call occurs (San Francisco-New York).
- February 20: Panama–Pacific International Exposition opens; Tower of Jewels built.
- San Francisco Labor Temple built.
- San Francisco City Hall rebuilt.
- Veterans Auditorium opens.
- 1916
- Preparedness Day Bombing.[48]
- Legal Aid Society established.
- Buena Vista Cafe in business.
- 1917 – Strand Theater built.[45][33]
- 1922 – Golden Gate Theatre and Castro Theatre built.[49]
- 1923
- January: Mae Nolan becomes U.S. representative for California's 5th congressional district.[50]
- August 2: US President Harding dies in the Palace Hotel.[42]
- 1924 – California Palace of the Legion of Honor opens.
- 1925
- 1926 – Playland at the Beach in business.
- 1927 – San Francisco Municipal Airport dedicated.[9]
- 1928 – Amazon Theater opens.[45]
- 1929
- Fleishhacker Zoo established.
- Topsy's Roost (restaurant) in business.
- 1930 – Pacific Stock Exchange Lunch Club formed.
- 1931 – Stern Grove opens as city park.
- 1932
- War Memorial Opera House opens.
- Photographers' Group f/64 founded.[52]
- 1933
- San Francisco Opera Ballet founded.
- Coit Tower built.
- 1934
- May 9: General Strike begins.[48]
- U.S. Penitentiary established on Alcatraz Island.
- Golden Grain Macaroni Company in business.
- 1935 – San Francisco Museum of Modern Art opens as San Francisco Museum of Art in Veterans Memorial Building.
- 1936 – Bay Bridge opens.[53]
- 1937 – May 27: Golden Gate Bridge opens.[9]
- 1940 – Holly Courts housing project built.[9]
- 1944 – Church for the Fellowship of All Peoples established.[54]
- 1945
- Tonga Room in business.
- April 25: United Nations Conference on International Organization begins.
- June 26: United Nations Charter signed.
- 1946 – National Urban League branch[55] and Marines' Memorial Club established.
- 1949 – Presidio Theatre built.[49]
1950s–1990s
- 1952 – The Purple Onion nightclub in business.
- 1953 – City Lights Bookstore in business.[48]
- 1955 – City Lights Pocket Poets Series begins publication.
- Allen Ginsberg reads his poem Howl for the first time at the Six Gallery
- 1957
- San Francisco International Film Festival founded.
- Caffe Trieste in business.[56]
- Sister city relationship established with Osaka, Japan.[57]
- The San Francisco Stock and Bond Exchange (formed in 1882) and the Los Angeles Oil Exchange (formed in 1899) merge to create the Pacific Coast Stock Exchange.[20]
- 1959 – Embarcadero Freeway opens.
- 1960 – Mandarin restaurant in business.[58]
- 1963– The Reverend Cecil Williams becomes pastor at Glide Memorial Church, shifting the church's politics to the left.[59]
- 1964 – City's "San Francisco History Center" established.
- 1965 – Intersection for the Arts incorporated.
- The musical group the Jefferson Airplane is created.
- 1966– The Compton's Cafeteria riot breaks out when transgender patrons become angry over police harassment.[60]
- 1967 – Summer of Love.
- January: The Human Be-In takes place in Golden Gate park, a prelude to the Summer of Love.
- The anarchist group The Diggers is founded, and begins distributing free food.[61]
- 1968 – Sister city relationship established with Sydney, Australia.[57]
- The Church of John Coltrane is established, and continues religious services until 2016.[62]
- 1969
- 555 California Street built.
- Sister city relationships established with Assisi, Italy; and Taipei, Taiwan.[57]
- The San Francisco Chronicle and Examiner receive their first letters from The Zodiac Killer.[63]
- 1970 – Regional Metropolitan Transportation Commission established.
- 1971 – Peoples Temple in San Francisco and Church of the Tree of Life[18] established.
- 1972
- San Francisco Pride begins.
- Golden Gate National Recreation Area established.
- Transamerica Pyramid built.
- 1973
- October: Zebra murders begin.[64]
- Church of the Gentle Brothers and Sisters incorporated.[18]
- Sister city relationship established with Haifa, Israel.[57]
- 1974
- People's Food System active (approximate date).[65]
- Southern Exposure (art space)[66] and San Francisco Cable Car Museum established.
- April 15: Hibernia Bank robbery by the Symbionese Liberation Army.
- 1975
- Rainbow Grocery Cooperative opens.[65]
- Sister city relationship established with Seoul, South Korea.[57]
- September 22: Sara Jane Moore attempted to assassinate President Gerald Ford in front of the St. Francis Hotel by firing two gunshots at Ford; both shots missed.
- 1976 – Bay Area Video Coalition founded.
- 1977
- 1978
- June 25: Rainbow flag (LGBT movement) introduced.
- November 18: Jonestown mass murder-suicide at the People's Temple Guyana compound.
- November 27: Moscone–Milk assassinations.
- December 4: Dianne Feinstein becomes mayor.
- 1979
- The Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence make their first appearance on Castro Street.
- May 21: White Night riots.
- Sister city relationship established with Shanghai, China.[57]
- 1980 – Davies Symphony Hall opens.
- 1981
- San Francisco Symphony Youth Orchestra and Hansberry Theatre established.
- Sister city relationship established with Manila, Philippines.[57]
- 1982 – City/county handgun ban approved; later struck down by state court.[64]
- 1983
- San Francisco General Hospital AIDS clinic established.[67]
- The first San Francisco Historic Trolley Festival takes place.
- 1984 – Sister city relationship established with Cork, Ireland.[57]
- 1986
- Cacophony Society formed.
- A bonfire of a wooden man is held on Baker Beach which evolves into the Burning Man event.[68]
- Sister city relationship established with Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.[57]
- 1987 – Luggage Store (arts organization) established.[66]
- 1988 – San Francisco Museum and Historical Society founded.
- 1989
- October 17: Loma Prieta earthquake.
- San Francisco becomes a sanctuary city for illegal immigrants.[69]
- 1990
- Population: 723,959.[17]
- Sister city relationship established with Thessaloniki, Greece.[57]
- 1991 – Museum of the City of San Francisco opens.[70]
- 1992
- Critical Mass (bicycle event) began.
- Clarion Alley Mural Project organized.
- Latino Coalition for a Healthy California headquartered in city.
- 1993 – Yerba Buena Center for the Arts opens.
- 1993 – 101 California Street shooting occurs.[64]
- 1994 – Santarchy begins.
- 1995
- Craigslist founded.
- Sister city relationship established with Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.[57]
- 1996
- City website online (approximate date).[71]
- Willie Brown becomes mayor.
- Internet Archive headquartered in city.[72]
- Long Now Foundation established.
- 1997
- Sister city relationship established with Paris, France.[57]
- Pinecrest Diner, a popular all-night diner-style restaurant in San Francisco, becomes notorious for a murder over an order of eggs.[73]
- 1998 – Wattis Institute for Contemporary Arts founded.[66]
- 2000 – Population: 776,733.[40]
2000s
- 2001 - Fatal dog mauling of Diane Whipple.
- 2003
- 2004 – Gavin Newsom becomes mayor.
- 2005 – November: Gun control ordinance San Francisco Proposition H (2005) passes; later struck down.
- 2007
- Twitter Inc. in business.[75]
- Noisebridge founded.[76]
- 2008
- Edible Schoolyard established at San Francisco Boys and Girls Club.
- One Rincon Hill (apartment building) constructed.
- Airbnb in business.
- 2009
- 2010
- 2011
- January 11: Ed Lee becomes mayor.
- November 8: San Francisco mayoral election, 2011.
- TechCrunch Disrupt conference begins.
- 2013
- San Francisco tech bus protests begin.
- Civic Industries in business.[79]
- 2014 – San Francisco Giants baseball team win World Series contest.
- 2015 – Shooting of Kathryn Steinle.
- 2020 – Orange Skies Day makes international headlines
See also
- History of San Francisco
- National Register of Historic Places listings in San Francisco, California
- List of pre-statehood mayors of San Francisco
- List of mayors of San Francisco (since 1850)
- Timelines of San Francisco's sister cities: Abidjan, Amman, Barcelona, Haifa, Kraków, Manila, Osaka, Paris, Seoul, Shanghai, Sydney, Zürich
- Timeline of the San Francisco Bay Area
- Timelines of other cities in the Northern California area of California: Fresno, Mountain View, Oakland, Sacramento, San Jose
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{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - 'Grogan, Emmett.'Ringolevio: A Life Played for Keeps.' 1st Ed. New York: Little Brown, 1972.'
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Bibliography
Published in the 1800s
- Bogardus, John P. (1850). Bogardus' San Francisco, Sacramento city and Marysville business directory.
- Frank Soulé; John H. Gihon; James Nisbet (1855), Annals of San Francisco, New York: D. Appleton & Company, OL 13993482M
- San Francisco (article) (1870) The Overland Monthly, January 1870 Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 9–23. San Francisco: A. Roman & Co., Publishers
- Adolph Wilhelm August Friedrich von Steinwehr (1874), "San Francisco", Centennial Gazetteer of the United States, Philadelphia: J.C. McCurdy & Company
- "San Francisco", Appleton's Illustrated Hand-Book of American Cities, New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1876
- B.E. Lloyd (1876), Lights and Shades in San Francisco, San Francisco: Printed by A.L. Bancroft, OCLC 25178673, OL 271116M
- John S. Hittell (1878), A History of the City of San Francisco, San Francisco: A. L. Bancroft & Co., OL 17997645M
- San Francisco Street Directory and Guide, San Francisco: W.C. Disturnell, 1882, OL 24280093M
- Disturnell's Stranger's Guide to San Francisco and Vicinity, San Francisco: W.C. Disturnell, 1883
- Frederick H. Hackett, ed. (1884), Industries of San Francisco, San Francisco: Payot, Upham & Co., OL 25400583M
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (9th ed.). 1886.
- "San Francisco". Western and Southern States. Appletons' General Guide to the United States and Canada. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1889.
- Joseph Sabin, ed. (1889). "San Francisco". Bibliotheca Americana. Vol. 18. New York. OCLC 13972268.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Bay of San Francisco, the Metropolis of the Pacific Coast and Its Suburban Cities: a History, Lewis Publishing Company, 1892, OCLC 8666576
- Mary Roberts Smith (1895). "Almshouse Women: A Study of Two Hundred and Twenty-Eight Women in the City and County Almshouse of San Francisco". Publications of the American Statistical Association. 4 (31): 219–262. doi:10.2307/2967126. hdl:2027/njp.32101020296479. JSTOR 2967126.
- Faust's pocket map and guide with a complete street directory of San Francisco. H.W. Faust. 1898.
Published in the 1900s
- 1900s–1940s
- Robert C. Brooks (1901), "San Francisco", Bibliography of Municipal Problems and City Conditions, Municipal Affairs, vol. 5 (2nd ed.), New York: Reform Club, OCLC 1855351
- San Francisco-Oakland Directory. Oakland: Walter S. Fry Co. 1907.
- "San Francisco", United States (4th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1909, OCLC 02338437
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 144–148.
- Percy V. Long (1912). "Consolidated City and County Government of San Francisco". American Political Science Review. 6 (1): 109–121. JSTOR 4616983.
- Helen Throop Purdy (1912), San Francisco: As it Was, As It Is, and How to See It, P. Elder, OL 20459067M
- Edward Hungerford (1913), "San Francisco: the Newest Phoenix", The Personality of American Cities, New York: McBride, Nast & Company
- Frank Morton Todd (1914), Chamber of Commerce Handbook for San Francisco, San Francisco, OCLC 2650239, OL 23285599M
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Robert Ernest Cowan (1914), "San Francisco", Bibliography of the History of California and the Pacific West, 1510–1906, San Francisco: Book Club of California
- Andrew Cunningham McLaughlin and Albert Bushnell Hart, ed. (1914). "San Francisco". Cyclopedia of American Government. Vol. 3. D. Appleton and Company.
- Crocker-Langley San Francisco Directory. San Francisco: H.S. Crocker Co. 1917. hdl:2027/uc1.31158007441487.
- Samuel Williams (1921). City of the Golden Gate: A Description of San Francisco in 1875. San Francisco: Book Club of California.
- Vandegrift, Rolland A. (1922). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 32 (12th ed.).
- Directorio comercial de San Francisco, California, 1924 (in Spanish), San Francisco, Calif.: Juan Anino, 1924
- Federal Writers' Project (1940), "Chronology of the San Francisco Bay Region", San Francisco: The Bay and Its Cities, American Guide Series, NY: Hastings House
- 1950s–1990s
- Around the world in San Francisco: a guide book to the racial and ethnic minorities of the San Francisco-Oakland district, San Francisco: Abbey Press, 1955, OL 22973852M
- Frank Mazzi (1973). "Harbingers of the City: Men and Their Monuments in Nineteenth Century San Francisco". Southern California Quarterly. 55 (2): 141–162. doi:10.2307/41170474. JSTOR 41170474.
- Robert Mayer (1974), Howard B. Furer (ed.), San Francisco: a Chronological & Documentary History, 1542–1970, American Cities Chronology Series, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: Oceana Publications, ISBN 0379006146
- Neil L. Shumsky (1976). "San Francisco's Workingmen Respond to the Modern City". California Historical Quarterly. 55 (1): 46–57. doi:10.2307/25157608. JSTOR 25157608.
- Maupin, Armistead (1978). Tales of the City. Harper Collins. ISBN 978-0-06-096404-7. OCLC 29847673.
- Ferlinghetti, Lawrence (1980). Literary San Francisco: A pictorial history from its beginnings to the present day. Harper & Row. ISBN 978-0-06-250325-1. OCLC 6683688.
- Ory Mazar Nergal, ed. (1980), "San Francisco", Encyclopedia of American Cities, New York: E.P. Dutton, OL 4120668M
- Margolin, Malcolm (1981). The Ohlone Way: Indian Life in the San Francisco-Monterey Bay Area. Heydey Books. ISBN 978-0-930588-01-4. OCLC 4628382.
- Joseph A. Blum (1984). "South San Francisco: The Making of an Industrial City". California History. 63 (2): 114–134. doi:10.2307/25158206. JSTOR 25158206.
- Asbury, Hubert (1989). The Barbary Coast: An Informal History of the San Francisco Underworld. Dorset Press. ISBN 978-0-88029-428-7. OCLC 22719465.
- Lotchin, Roger W. (1997). San Francisco, 1846–1856: From Hamlet to City. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-06631-3. OCLC 35650934.
- "San Francisco, California". Encyclopedia of Urban America. ABC-CLIO. 1998. ISBN 9780874368468 – via Credo Reference.(subscription required)
Published in the 2000s
- Hartman, Chester (2002). City for Sale: The Transformation of San Francisco. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08605-0. OCLC 48579085.
- San Francisco, Lonely Planet, 2002, OL 8647758M
- Chris Carlsson; Lisa Ruth Elliott, eds. (2010), Ten years that shook the city: San Francisco 1968–1978, San Francisco: City Lights Books, ISBN 978-1931404129
- Solnit, Rebecca. Infinite City: A San Francisco Atlas (University of California Press, 2010). 144 pp. ISBN 978-0-520-26250-8
- Richard Hu (2012), Urban Design In Downtown San Francisco: A Paradigm Shift? – via International Planning History Society
- Erica J. Peters (2013). San Francisco: A Food Biography. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0759121539.
- Susan Crawford; et al. (2014), Community Fiber in Washington, D.C., Seattle, WA, and San Francisco, CA: Developments and Lessons Learned, Berkman Center Research Publication, SSRN 2439429 – via Social Science Research Network
- Michael Kimmelman (May 29, 2014), "Urban Renewal, No Bulldozer: San Francisco Repurposes Old for the Future", New York Times
External links
- "Decades". Found SF. Shaping San Francisco.
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to San Francisco, various dates
- Noah Veltman. "History of SF Place Names".
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