COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt
The COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was confirmed to have reached Egypt on 14 February 2020.
| COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Disease | COVID-19 |
| Virus strain | SARS-CoV-2 |
| Location | Egypt |
| First outbreak | Wuhan, Hubei, China |
| Index case | Cairo |
| Arrival date | 14 February 2020 (3 years, 8 months, 1 week and 6 days) |
| Confirmed cases | 516,023[1] |
| Recovered | 491,193[2] [3] |
Deaths | 24,830[1] |
| Fatality rate | 4.81% |
Territories | Cases in 27 Governorates |
| Vaccinations | |
Background
On 12 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan, Hubei, China, which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019.[4][5]
The case fatality ratio for COVID-19 has been much lower than SARS of 2003,[6][7] but the transmission has been significantly greater, with a significant total death toll.[6][8] Model-based simulations for Egypt indicate that the 95% confidence interval for the time-varying reproduction number R t has fluctuated around 1.0 since August 2020.[9]
Timeline
February
- Egypt's health ministry announced the first case in the country at Cairo International Airport involving a Chinese national on 14 February.[10][11] Egyptian authorities had notified the World Health Organization (WHO) and the patient had been placed in quarantined isolation in hospital.[12] Preventive measures were subsequently taken to monitor those who came into contact with the person where the others tested negative.[13]
- In late February and early March, multiple foreign severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cases associated with travel to Egypt were reported – including two cases in the United States, two cases in Tunisia (Plus several potential cases as the two initial cases were part of 1,000 now quarantined football supporters who visited Egypt from Tunis from 27 February to 1 March)[14][15] two cases in France,[16] one case in Canada,[17] and one case in Taiwan.[18]
- On 28 February, the Egyptian cabinet officially denied rumors of covering up SARS-CoV-2 cases.[19] On 1 March, Qatar banned all arrivals from Egypt, excepting Qatari nationals, as a safety measure to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2.[20] On the same day, Egypt announced the detection of a second case of SARS-CoV-2.[21] On 2 March, Kuwait announced that it would test all arrivals from Egypt and Syria for SARS-CoV-2.[22] It was estimated by Egypt Watch that Egypt had 20 lab-confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2, which was reported by Middle East Monitor on 2 March. The people with confirmed cases were claimed to be held in military hospitals, inaccessible to the Egyptian Ministry of Health and official health statistics reported to WHO. Confirmed cases allegedly absent from official statistics included a family in Tanta Military Hospital and four people in Qasr El Eyni Hospital.[23]
March
Women in Cairo wearing face masks in March 2020 - Mask fit pictured may give off wrong impression, ensure fit is snug and with no gaps.
- 8 March: A 60-year-old German citizen died in Hurghada, the first German fatality from the virus.[24]
- 9 March: The World Health Organization said that there were 56 confirmed cases in Egypt.[25] On the same day, the Egyptian Minister of Tourism said that they discovered 3 additional cases with three people who work in a hotel.[26]
- 13 March: A second Tunisian coming back from Egypt tested positive for the virus and Tunisia officially added Egypt to a list of outbreak areas by closing its borders to it and imposing a quarantine to anyone coming from the country.[27]
- 18 March: Police detained four activists after they protested in front of the cabinet headquarters calling for the release of political prisoners to protect them from the spread of coronavirus.[28]
- 19 March: The Ministry of Health in Egypt announced a new death and 46 new cases of coronavirus, bringing the total number of infected to 256 cases, including 7 deaths and recovering 28 of those infected. The Egyptian government also made a decision to close all restaurants, cafes, nightclubs and public places throughout the country from seven in the evening until six in the morning, starting from Thursday 19 to 31 March 2020. The decision excluded places that sell food, pharmacies and home delivery services.[29]
- 20 March: The Egyptian Ministry of Health announced the death of a 60-year-old Egyptian citizen who was returning from Italy, and 29 cases proved positive laboratory analyzes of the virus including a case of a foreigner and 28 Egyptians, some of whom are returning from abroad, while others who are in contact with positive cases that have been discovered and announced previously, bringing the total of the injured to 285 cases, including 39 who were cured and discharged from the isolation hospital, and 8 deaths.[30] The National Telecom Regulatory Authority together with mobile phone operators is providing Egyptian customers with free minutes (30 times the charged balance) for e-transaction and e-payment in order to enable as many people as possible to stay home for shopping.[31]
- 21 March: A decision was made to suspend prayers in all of Egypt's mosques for a period of two weeks in order to limit the outbreak of the coronavirus based on the necessity of the legitimate and national interest.[32] The Coptic Orthodox Church also announced the closure of all churches and the suspension of ritual services, masses and activities to preserve the health of Egyptians from the danger of the spread of the coronavirus.[33]
- 22 March: On 22 March, the Ministry of Health and Population announced the increase in the number of cases whose laboratory results turned from negative to COVID-19 to 74, and the adviser of the Minister of Health and Population for Media Affairs and the official spokesperson of the ministry revealed that 15 of these cases had been left the Isolation Hospital, including 7 foreigners and 8 Egyptians, after receiving the necessary medical care under supervision of World Health Organization. So the number of those who recovered from the virus became 56 out of 74 cases. He also announced that cases have been in 24 out of the 27 Egyptian governorates.[34] The total number registered in Egypt from the new Corona includes 327 cases, including 56 who were cured and left the isolation hospital, and 14 deaths.[35]
- 31 March: By the end of the month the number of reported cases stood at 710. Of these, 46 were reported to have died, 157 to have recovered, while 507 reportedly remained active cases.[36]
April to June
- 4 April: Cases surpass 1000.[37]
- By the end of April the number of reported cases had risen by 4827 to 5537. The reported death toll had increased to 392. The number of recovered patients grew to 1381, leaving 3764 active cases at the end of the month.[38]
- In May there were 19448 additional cases, raising the total number of reported cases to 24985. The reported death toll more than doubled to 959. The number of recovered patients increased to 6037, leaving 17989 active cases at the end of the month.[39]
- In June, there were 43326 new cases, raising the total number of reported cases to 68311. The reported death toll more than tripled to 2953. The number of recovered patients increased to 18460, leaving 46898 active cases at the end of the month.[40]
July to September
- There were 25767 reported cases in July, bringing the total number of cases to 94078. The reported death toll rose to 4805. The number of recovered patients grew to 39638, leaving 49635 active cases at the end of the month (6% more than at the end of June).[41]
- There were 4861 reported cases in August, bringing the number of reported cases to 98939. The death toll rose by 616 to 5421. There were 20589 active cases at the end of the month.[42]
- There were 4140 reported cases in September, bringing the total number of reported cases to 103079. The reported death toll rose to 5914.[43]
October to December
- There were 4,476 reported cases in October, raising the total number of reported cases to 107,555. The reported death rate rose to 6,266. The number of active cases at the end of the month was 1,837.[44]
- There were 8,356 reported cases in November, raising the total number of reported cases to 115,911. The reported death toll was 6,650. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 102,718, leaving 6,543 active cases at the end of the month.[45]
- Egypt received 50,000 doses of the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine on 10 December, donated by the United Arab Emirates.[46] There were 22,151 reported cases in December, raising the total number of reported cases to 138,062. The reported death toll was 7,631. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 112,105, leaving 18,326 active cases at the end of the month.[47]
January to March
- Egypt began inoculating healthcare workers with the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine; more than 300 doctors had died by January 24. The vaccines will be free. Those with chronic diseases and the elderly will be next. Egypt has signed deals with Chinese, Russian, and British companies for 100 million doses of vaccine, enough for half the population since most vaccines require two doses.[48] 50,000 doses of AstraZeneca's Covishield vaccines arrived on 31 January.[46]
- There were 27,889 reported cases in January, raising the total number of reported cases to 165,951. The reported death toll was 9,316. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 129,636, leaving 26,999 active cases at the end of the month.[49]
- Egypt received 300,000 doses of the Sinopharm vaccine on 23 February, donated by China.[46]
- There were 16,473 reported cases in February, raising the total number of reported cases to 182,424. The reported death toll was 10,688. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 140,892, leaving 30,844 active cases at the end of the month.[50]
- In March 2021, Egypt received the second donation of 300,000 doses of the Sinopharm vaccine.[51]
- By 28 March 2021, Egypt wants to vaccinate 250.000 people, including medical staff.[52]
- On 31 March, Egypt received 854.000 doses of COVID-19 vaccines and allowed prayers during Ramadan in authorized mosques. The number of reported cases increased to 200,739 while the reported death toll rose to 11,914. The number of recovered patients grew to 153,630, leaving 35,195 active cases at the end of the month.[53]
April to June
- In April 2021, Egypt started living the third wave of coronavirus although not at its peak yet, but the daily number of cases is increasing.[54]
- The tourism sector of Egypt was drastically affected by rising COVID-19 cases in the country. The revenue for tourism in Egypt plunged by 70% in 2020, while the number of tourists visiting the country dropped from 13.1 million in 2019 to 3.5 million in 2020. Now the country is aiming to regain the lost tourism revenue of $6–7 billion in 2021.[55]
- There were 27,845 reported cases in April, raising the total number of reported cases to 228,584. The reported death toll was 13,402. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 171,542, leaving 43,640 active cases at the end of the month.[56]
- On May 13, Egypt received more than 1.7 million doses of AstraZeneca, as well as 500,000 doses of the Sinopharm vaccine from China.[57]
- There were 34,066 reported cases in May, raising the total number of reported cases to 262,650. The reported death toll was 15,096. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 192,112, leaving 55,442 active cases at the end of the month.[58]
- There were 18,632 reported cases in June, raising the total number of reported cases to 281,282. The reported death toll was 16,169. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 211,384, leaving 53,729 active cases at the end of the month.[59]
July to September
- There were 2,980 reported cases in July, taking the total number of reported cases to 284,262. The reported death toll was 16,524. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 230,368, leaving 37,370 active cases at the end of the month.[60]
- On 6 August, Romania announced that it will begin to deliver for free 1.3 million COVID-19 vaccines to four countries to help tackle the pandemic. The donation to Egypt consists of 525,000 doses.[61]
- There were 4,179 reported cases in August, taking the total number of reported cases to 288,441. The reported death toll was 16,736. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 239,343, leaving 32,362 active cases at the end of the month.[62]
- There were 16,083 reported cases in September, raising the total number of reported cases to 304,524. The reported death toll was 17,331. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 256,886, leaving 30,307 active cases at the end of the month.[63]
October to December
- There were 26,493 reported cases in October, raising the total number of reported cases to 331,017. The reported death toll was 18,651. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 278,267, leaving 34,099 active cases at the end of the month.[64]
- There were 27,561 reported cases in November, raising the total number of reported cases to 358,578. The reported death toll was 20,474. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 297,536, leaving 40,568 active cases at the end of the month.[65]
- Egypt's first case of the omicron variant was confirmed on 18 December.[66]
- There were 26,997 reported cases in December, raising the total number of reported cases to 385,575. The reported death toll was 21,752. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 320,563, leaving 43,260 active cases at the end of the month.[67]
January to March
- There were 38,113 reported cases in January, raising the total number of reported cases to 423,688. The reported death toll was 22,604. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 356,274, leaving 44,810 active cases at the end of the month.[68]
- There were 58,560 reported cases in February, raising the total number of reported cases to 482,248. The reported death toll was 24,040. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 411,161, leaving 46,047 active cases at the end of the month.[69]
- There were 23,016 reported cases in March, raising the total number of reported cases to 505,264. The reported death toll was 24,417. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 434,506, leaving 46,341 active cases at the end of the month.[70]
April to June
- There were 10,381 reported cases in April, raising the total number of reported cases to 515,645. The reported death toll was 24,613. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 442,182, leaving 48,850 active cases at the end of the month.[71]
- There were 22 reported cases in May, raising the total number of reported cases to 515,667. The reported death toll was 24,624. The reported number of recovered patients increased to 445,701, leaving 45,342 active cases at the end of the month.[72]
Statistics
Confirmed new cases per day
Nile River cruise ship
MS River Anuket, pictured March 2018
On 6 March 2020, the Egyptian Health Ministry and WHO confirmed 12 new cases of SARS-CoV-2.[73] The infected persons were among the Egyptian staff aboard a Nile River cruise ship, traveling from Aswan to Luxor. This ship is variously known as MS River Anuket[74] or Asara.[75] All those who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 did not show any symptoms of the disease. According to tests, the virus spread from a Taiwanese-American female tourist on the ship.[76]
On 7 March, health authorities announced that 45 people on board had tested positive and that the ship had been placed in quarantine at a dock in Luxor.[74] On 9 March, the first international case from the cruise ship came after an American went home and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.[77]
Cases traced to travel from Egypt
In addition to the confirmed cases within Egypt, there have been a number of documented cases that were detected in other countries and traced to travel from Egypt. The estimate of such cases was at least 97 cases at the end of February 2020, according to public health data and news reports.[78]
| Country | Number of cases |
|---|---|
 United States | 52[79] |
 France | 11[80] |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Canada | 11[81][82] |
 Hong Kong | 9[83] |
 Tunisia | 2[14] |
 Japan | 2[84] |
 Saudi Arabia | 1[85] |
 Taiwan | 1[86] |
| Total | 89 |
Human rights issues
On 22 July 2020, a report from Human Rights Watch alleged that COVID-19 had infected multiple people inside several Egyptian prisons. Human Rights Watch said that several detainees died, further stating that the detainees were not tested or had not received adequate medical treatment after experiencing suspected virus symptoms.[87]
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the healthcare workers in Egypt denounced the government's handling of the crisis. The country turned down the globally-accepted PCR test, as it opted to use antibody tests. The World Health Organization stated that the antibody tests do not test or detect the virus, but detects the tested person's immune response to the virus. The rapid use of antibody tests began in Egypt from April 2020, where nearly 200,000 tests were conducted by the end of that month. The Egyptian health ministry demanded frontline healthcare workers to get tested through the process once at the end of each shift, while PCR was allowed only after they test positive. It was observed that the misuse of antibody tests helped in spread of the virus.[88]
In June 2021, Amnesty International highlighted what it called the Egyptian government's failure to handle the COVID-19 vaccine rollout strategically. Amnesty International says that marginalized people and those at risk were not given prioritization for vaccination. According to Amnesty, the most affected individuals were the ones living in informal urban settlements or remote rural areas, as well as prisoners, refugees and migrants. While the vaccine rollout's announcement came in January, Amnesty stated that people who had registered for a vaccine in March did not get the vaccine even by the end of July. In April, Mada Masr reported that Egyptian parliamentarians and their families were given preferential treatment to choose between the two vaccines and received their jabs sooner than others, despite not being officially listed on any priority group.[89]
Government responses
Travel restrictions
The minister of aviation closed the airports and suspended all air travel, effective 19 March.[90] The decision to suspend flights in Egypt came into effect from 19 March until 31 March.[29]
Testing
As of March 25, the ministry of health announced that 25,000 PCR tests have been done.[91] As of April 17, 55,000 PCR tests have been done [92] As of April 23, 90,000 PCR tests have been done.[93] As of May 9, 105,000 PCR tests have been done.[94]
Egypt now has more than 40 PCR testing equipment dispersed all over the country.[95]
Censorship
Foreign media outlets have reported that certain individuals have been arrested for allegedly spreading false information about the coronavirus pandemic.[96][97]
Case estimates
Based partly on multiple confirmed COVID-19 cases in other countries being linked to travel in Egypt, infectious disease specialists from the University of Toronto, who studied the disparity between official and presumed infection rates, estimated the number of COVID-19 cases in Egypt to be between 6,270 and 45,070 presumed cases (95% confidence interval) in March 2020,[98] a study which was reported on by various foreign media outlets, including British newspaper The Guardian and U.S. newspaper The New York Times.[78][99] This projected figure was far higher than the official count of 126 at the time. The Egyptian Ministry of Health dismissed this estimate as "completely false", and the ministry also said that it reports confirmed cases in the country with "full transparency".[99] A reporter for The Guardian had her accreditation revoked by the State Information Service over the perceived inaccurate information, while a reporter for The New York Times was warned by the SIS for similar reasons.[99]
However, a research paper was later published by Egyptian scientists, including Health Minister Hala Zaid, suggesting that some underestimation may have in fact taken place, and that the actual number of COVID-19 cases in Egypt as of 31 March 2020 could have been between 710 and 5,241 cases, potentially up to seven times higher than the recorded official number at the time.[100] This was followed on 21 May 2020 by Khaled Abdel Ghaffar, the Minister of Higher Education, suggesting that the true number of COVID-19 cases at the time might have been at least 71,145.[101]
References
- Ritchie, Hannah; Mathieu, Edouard; Rodés-Guirao, Lucas; Appel, Cameron; Giattino, Charlie; Ortiz-Ospina, Esteban; Hasell, Joe; Macdonald, Bobbie; Beltekian, Diana; Dattani, Saloni; Roser, Max (2020–2022). "Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19)". Our World in Data. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
- وزارة الصحة والسكان المصرية [Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population]. Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- "Egypt COVID - Coronavirus Statistics - Worldometer".
- Elsevier. "Novel Coronavirus Information Center". Elsevier Connect. Archived from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
- Reynolds, Matt (4 March 2020). "What is a coronavirus and how close is it to becoming a pandemic?". Wired UK. ISSN 1357-0978. Archived from the original on 5 March 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
- "Crunching the numbers for coronavirus". Imperial News. 13 March 2020. Archived from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
- "High consequence infectious diseases (HCID); Guidance and information about high consequence infectious diseases and their management in England". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 3 March 2020. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
- "World Federation Of Societies of Anaesthesiologists – Coronavirus". www.wfsahq.org. Archived from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
- Future scenarios of the healthcare burden of COVID-19 in low- or middle-income countries, MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis at Imperial College London.
- "Egypt announces first Coronavirus infection". Egypt Today. 14 February 2020. Archived from the original on 15 February 2020. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
- "Beijing orders 14-day quarantine for all returnees". BBC News. 14 February 2020. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
- "Egypt's health ministry announces first confirmed coronavirus case". France 24. 14 February 2020. Archived from the original on 16 February 2020. Retrieved 16 February 2020.
- "Breaking: Egypt Reports First Case of Coronavirus". Egyptian Streets. 14 February 2020. Archived from the original on 15 February 2020. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
- "Derniere Minute – Vidéo : Trois nouveaux cas de coronavirus en Tunisie" [Last Minute – Video: Three new cases of coronavirus in Tunisia]. Tunisie Numerique (in French). 13 March 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- "Coronavirus latest: 3 new cases confirmed in Santa Clara County bringing county total to 7". 2 March 2020.
- "Coronavirus: France moves into 'new stage of epidemic' as number of cases rises to 100". Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
- Jones, Allison (29 February 2020). "Ontario confirms eighth coronavirus case is Toronto man who travelled to Egypt | National Post". National Post.
- "Coronavirus: Taiwan reports five new cases; total at 39". The Straits Times. 29 February 2020. Archived from the original on 1 March 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
- "Egypt denies rumors of new coronavirus cases". Archived from the original on 1 March 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
- "Qatar bans travellers from Egypt over coronavirus fears | Qatar News | al Jazeera". Archived from the original on 2 March 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
- "Egypt detects second case of new coronavirus: Health ministry". Reuters. March 2020. Archived from the original on 2 March 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
- Tuqa Khalid (2 March 2020). "Kuwait to 'double-check' all travelers from Egypt, Syria for coronavirus". Al Arabiya.
- "Coronavirus: More than 20 cases in Egypt despite government insistence there are only 2". Middle East Monitor. 2 March 2020. Archived from the original on 3 March 2020. Retrieved 4 March 2020.
- Hamburg, Hamburger Abendblatt- (10 March 2020). "Coronavirus: RKI meldet 1139 Fälle – Israel weist alle Touristen aus". www.abendblatt.de.
- "عاجل.. "الصحة العالمية": ارتفاع الحالات المصابة بكورونا في مصر إلى 56". الوطن. 9 March 2020.
- "مصدر بالسياحة: إصابة 3 من العاملين بفندق "فيرمونت" بكورونا". الوطن. 9 March 2020.
- "Fakhfakh: "Suspension de toutes les lignes maritimes et réduction importante des dessertes aériennes"" [Fakhfakh: "Suspension of all shipping lines and significant reduction of air services"]. kapitalis.com (in French). 13 March 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- "Coronavirus: Egypt detains novelist Ahdaf Soueif for demanding prisoners' release". Middle East Eye. 18 March 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
- "فيروس كورونا: حالة وفاة و46 إصابة جديدة في مصر وتزايد الإصابات في دول عربية" [Corona Virus: One death, 46 new infections in Egypt, and increasing infections in Arab countries] (in Arabic). BBC Arabic. 19 March 2020. Archived from the original on 20 March 2020. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
- "الإجمالي 285 منهم 8 وفيات و29 إصابة جديدة.. آخر تطورات كورونا في مصر" [Corona's latest development in Egypt ... 285 total cases, including 8 deaths and 29 new infections]. CNN Arabic (in Arabic). 20 March 2020. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
- "Egypt's NTRA, mobile phone operators promote online transactions amid virus outbreak". Egypt Independent (in Arabic). 20 March 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
- ""ألا صلوا في بيوتكم".. وزارة الأوقاف تقرر إغلاق جميع مساجد مصر" [Do not pray in your homes" .. The Ministry of Awqaf decides to close all mosques in Egypt]. rassd.com (in Arabic). 21 March 2020. Archived from the original on 21 March 2020. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
- "إغلاق المساجد والكنائس.. المؤسسات الدينية "إيد واحدة" لمواجهة كورونا" [Closure of mosques and churches .. Religious institutions "one hand" to confront Corona]. www.elwatannews.com (in Arabic). 21 March 2020. Archived from the original on 21 March 2020.
- "الصحة: حالات كورونا تم اكتشافها بـ24 محافظة..وإجراءات الحكومة خفضت الإصابات". youm7.com. 22 March 2020.
- "تجاوزنا الـ300 حالة.. "الصحة": ارتفاع مصابي وفيات فيروس كورونا في مصر | المصري اليوم". www.almasryalyoum.com (in Arabic). Retrieved 22 March 2020.
- "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 72" (PDF). World Health Organization. 1 April 2020. p. 6. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- "Egypt's coronavirus infection rate exceeds 1,000 on Saturday: Ministry of Health and Population". egyptindependent.com. 4 April 2020.
- "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 102" (PDF). World Health Organization. 1 May 2020. p. 9. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 133" (PDF). World Health Organization. 1 June 2020. p. 10. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 163" (PDF). World Health Organization. 1 July 2020. p. 10. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 194" (PDF). World Health Organization. 1 August 2020. p. 8. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- "Outbreak brief 33: COVID-19 pandemic – 1 September 2020". CDC Africa. 1 September 2020. p. 3. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
- "COVID-19 situation update for the WHO African region. External situation report 31" (PDF). World Health Organization. 30 September 2020. p. 3. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
- "COVID-19 weekly epidemiological update". World Health Organization. 3 November 2020. p. 18. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
- "15 وفاة.. الصحة تعلن بيان كورونا ليوم الأحد". Masrawy (in Arabic). 30 November 2020. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
- El-Sharkawy, Lamis (27 February 2021). "Egypt's coronavirus vaccination campaign: A timeline". Ahram Online. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
- "Egypt confirms 1,418 new coronavirus cases, bringing total to 138,062". Egypt Independent. 1 January 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- "Egypt kicks off vaccine drive as France tightens borders". msn.com. AFP. 24 January 2021. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
- "Outbreak brief 55: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic". Africa CDC. 2 February 2021. p. 3. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
- "Outbreak brief 59: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic". Africa CDC. 2 March 2021. p. 3. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
- "Egypt receives new 300k shipment of China's Sinopharm vaccine". Arab News. 20 March 2021. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
- "Egypt government aims to vaccinate 250,000 in one week". Arab News. 22 March 2021. Retrieved 22 March 2021.
- "Egypt to receive 854,000 COVID-19 vaccines, allows prayers in authorized mosques during Ramadan". Arab News. 31 March 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
- "Third coronavirus wave hits Egypt". Arab News. 17 April 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
- "Egypt aiming for tourism revenues of $6 billion-$7 billion in 2021 – deputy minister". Reuters. 25 April 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
- "Weekly epidemiological update on COVID-19 - 4 May 2021". World Health Organization. 4 May 2021. p. 19. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
- "Egypt receives 2.2 mln AstraZeneca and Sinopharm vaccine doses". Reuters. 13 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
- "Covid-19: Africa with 363 deaths and 13,649 infected in the last 24 hours". Ver Angola. 1 June 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
- "Covid-19 in Egypt: 251 new cases confirmed, 39 deaths on Wednesday". Egypt Independent. 1 July 2021. Retrieved 9 July 2021.
- "Countries update COVID-19 deaths, infection tallies". Kuwait News Agency. 1 August 2021. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- Romania To Donate 1.3 Million Doses Of Anti-Covid Vaccine To Tunisia, Egypt, Albania And Vietnam
- "Covid-19: Africa with 768 more deaths and 22,388 new cases in the last 24 hours". Ver Angola. 1 September 2021. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
- "COVID infection rates climbs as Egypt registers 741 new coronavirus cases Thursday". Egypttoday. 1 October 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2021.
- "Outbreak brief 94: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic". Africa CDC. 31 October 2021. p. 4. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
- "COVID-19 in Egypt: 949 new cases, 62 deaths reported on Tuesday". Egypt Independent. 1 December 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
- Shalhub, Diana (18 December 2021). "Egypt reports first cases of omicron variant". Anadolu Agency. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
- "COVID-19 in Egypt: 847 new cases, 25 deaths reported on Friday". Egypt Independent. 1 January 2022. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
- "Outbreak brief 107: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic" (PDF). Africa CDC. 1 February 2022. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 February 2022. Retrieved 4 February 2022.
- "Outbreak brief 111: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic". Africa CDC. 1 March 2022. p. 4. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
- "COVID-19 Biweekly Situation Report No.32" (PDF). Africa CDC. 29 March 2022. p. 3. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
- "Outbreak brief 120: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic". Africa CDC. 3 May 2022. p. 4. Retrieved 10 May 2022.
- "Outbreak brief 124: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic". Africa CDC. 31 May 2022. p. 4. Retrieved 7 June 2022.
- "Twelve asymptomatic coronavirus cases registered on Nile cruise ship". Reuters. 6 March 2020.
- Michael, Maggie; Magdy, Samy (7 March 2020). "Egypt says cruise ship quarantined over new virus cluster". The Washington Post. AP. Archived from the original on 8 March 2020.
- Raghavan, Sudarsan; Kornfield, Meryl (7 March 2020). "On the Nile, American tourists are among those quarantined on a ship hit by coronavirus". The Washington Post.
- Walsh, Declan; Rashwan, Nada (7 March 2020). "On Nile Cruiser, 12 Crew Test Positive for Virus, and Egypt Fears Broader Outbreak". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 7 March 2020.
- Raghavan, Sudarsan; Farouk Mahfouz, Heba (6 March 2020). "New coronavirus cluster, including 3 from Md., linked to Nile River cruise ship popular with tourists". The Washington Post.
- Michaelson, Ruth (15 March 2020). "Egypt: rate of coronavirus cases 'likely to be higher than figures suggest'". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
- Smith, Mitch; Harmon, Amy; Collins, Keith; McCann, Allison; Wu, Jin & Yourish, Karen (3 March 2020). "Tracking Every Coronavirus Case in the U.S.: Full Map". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- "Les vacanciers d'Egypte, le foyer de coronavirus le plus méconnu". France Inter (in French). 5 March 2020. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
- Dawson, Tyler (6 March 2020). "COVID-19 in Canada: What we know about the first 100 coronavirus cases — 67% are over 40". The National Post. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- Giles, David (12 March 2020). "Saskatchewan confirms first presumptive case of novel coronavirus". Global News. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- Siu, Phila; Leung, Kanis; Ting, Victor; Cheng, Lilian & Cheung, Elizabeth (11 March 2020). "Daily coronavirus tally for Hong Kong rises to 9, with all members of an Egypt tour now confirmed as infected, along with a Cathay Pacific flight attendant". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- "Couple in Saitama infected with virus after visiting Egypt". Arab News Japan. 11 March 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- "بينهم مصري في مكة .. السعودية تعلن تسجيل خمس حالات إصابة جديدة بفيروس". Almarsd Online Newspaper (in Arabic). 9 March 2020. Archived from the original on 15 March 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- "Coronavirus: DNA test shows Taiwanese woman 'likely' caught COVID-19 in Egypt". Middle East Eye. 10 March 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- "Watchdog: Virus stalks Egypt's prisons amid news blackout". The Associated Press. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
- "Coronavirus: Why Egypt has faced criticism over antibody tests". BBC News. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
- "Egypt: Haphazard and flawed Covid-19 vaccine rollout fails to prioritize most at-risk". Amnesty International. 29 June 2021. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
- "Egypt Shuts Down Airports, Suspends Air Travel: PM". 16 March 2020.
- "وزيرة الصحة: أجرينا 25 ألف تحليل لكورونا بمصر.. و50% من المصابين مخالطين – بوابة الشروق". www.shorouknews.com.
- "مصدر بالصحة: إجراء 55 ألف تحليل PCR فى مصر حتى الآن". youm7.com. 17 April 2020.
- "وزيرة الصحة: إجراء أكثر من 90 ألف تحليل بي سي ار لحالات مشتبه بإصابتها بكورونا". akhbarelyom.com. 23 April 2020.
- "كم تحليل بي سي ار اجرته مصر للكشف عن كورونا". almasryalyoum.com. 9 May 2020.
- "وزيرة الصحة عن ارتفاع الإصابات: "حتى الأسر اللي فيها إصابات كورونا لا تلتزم بالعزل" | المصري اليوم". www.almasryalyoum.com (in Arabic). Retrieved 10 May 2020.
- "Reporting on the coronavirus: Egypt muzzles critical journalists". Deutsche Welle. 3 April 2020.
- "Egypt is more concerned with controlling information than containing the coronavirus". The Globe and Mail. 3 April 2020.
- Tuite, Ashleigh R; Ng, Victoria; Rees, Erin; Fisman, David; Wilder-Smith, Annelies; Khan, Kamran; Bogoch, Isaac I (26 March 2020). "Estimation of the COVID-19 burden in Egypt through exported case detection". Lancet Infect Dis. Elsevier. 20 (8): 894. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30233-4. PMC 7195316. PMID 32222162. S2CID 214716270.
- "Egypt withdraws accreditation of Guardian journalist over controversial coronavirus report". Ahram Online. 17 March 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
- Hassany, Mohamed; Abdel-Razek, Wael; Asem, Noha; AbdAllah, Mohamed; Zaid, Hala (April 2020). "Estimation of COVID-19 burden in Egypt". The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 20 (8): 896–897. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30319-4. PMC 7185947. PMID 32353346.
- Osama, Sama (21 May 2020). "Coronavirus cases in Egypt could be over 71,000: Minister". Al-Ahram. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
External links
- Worldwide SARS-CoV-2 Map, confirmed Cases – Map the route paths of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases.
- Wikiversity:COVID-19/All-cause deaths/Egypt
.svg.png.webp){kind=small}
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.