Welsh exonyms
The modern Welsh language contains names for many towns and other geographical features in Great Britain and elsewhere. Names for places outside of Welsh-speaking regions are exonyms, not including spelling or pronunciation adaptions and translations of non-proper nouns.
Names in italics are dated or obsolete.
Argentina
 Argentina Yr Ariannin | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Spanish name | Notes |
| Arroyo Pescado | Nant y Pysgod | Arroyo Pescado | |
| Cajón de Ginebra | Bocs Gin | Cajón de Ginebra | |
| Cerro Cóndor | Craig yr Eryr | Cerro Cóndor | |
| Cerro Trono de las Nubes | Gorsedd y Cwmwl | Cerro Trono de las Nubes | |
| Chico River | Afon Fach | Rio Chico | |
| Chubut River | Afon Camwy | Rio Chubut | |
| Colonia 16 de Octubre | Cwm Hyfryd, Bro Hydref | Colonia 16 de Octubre | |
| Desvío km 22 | Tŵr Joseph | Desvío km 22 | |
| Dolavon | Dol Afon | Dolavon | |
| Estación Laguna Grande | Llyn Mawr | Estación Laguna Grande | |
| Florentino Ameghino Dam | Yr Argae | Dique Florentino Ameghino | |
| Fuerte Aventura | Caer Antur | Fuerte Aventura | |
| Laguna de Aaron | Llyn Aaron | Laguna de Aaron | |
| Laguna de Agnia | Llyn Ania | Laguna de Agnia | |
| La Angostura | Lle Cul | La Angostura | |
| Las Plumas | Dôl y Plu | Las Plumas | |
| Loma Blanca | Bryn Gwyn | Loma Blanca | |
| Paso de Indios | Rhyd yr Indiaid | Paso de Indios | |
| Pampa de Agnia | Pant y Ffwdan | Pampa de Agnia | |
| Puerto Madryn | Porth Madryn | Puerto Madryn | |
| Rawson | Trerawson | Rawson | |
| Río Corrintos | Aber Gyrants | Río Corrintos | |
| Tecka | Hafn Lâs | Tecka | |
| Trelew | Tre Lew(is) | Trelew | |
| Trevelin | Tre Felin | Trevelin | |
| Valle de los Mártires | Dyffryn y Merthyron | Valle de los Mártires | |
| Valle Frío | Dyffryn Oer | Valle Frío | |
| Valle 16 de octubre | Cwm Hyfryd/Bro Hydref | Valle 16 de octubre | |
| Veintiocho de Julio | Tir Halen | Veintiocho de Julio | |
Australia
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Australia Awstralia | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes | ||||||||||||||||||||
 Australian Capital Territory |
Tiriogaeth Prifddinas Awstralia | Australian Capital Territory | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Kangaroo Island | Ynys Cangarŵ | Kangaroo Island Karta Pintingga |
|||||||||||||||||||||
 New South Wales |
De Cymru Newydd | New South Wales | |||||||||||||||||||||
 Northern Territory |
Tiriogaeth y Gogledd | Northern Territory | |||||||||||||||||||||
 South Australia |
De Awstralia | South Australia | |||||||||||||||||||||
 Western Australia |
Gorllewin Awstralia | Western Australia | |||||||||||||||||||||
Belgium
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Belgium Gwlad Belg | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Brussels | Brwsel | Bruxelles Brussel Brüssel |
French Dutch German |
|
 Flanders |
Fflandrys | Vlaanderen Flandres Flandern |
Dutch French German |
|
Canada
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Canada | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes | |
 British Columbia |
Columbia Brydenig | British Columbia Columbie Britannique |
||
| Newfoundland | Tir Newydd[1] | Newfoundland Terre-Neuve Ktaqmkuk |
||
 Newfoundland and Labrador |
Tir Newydd a Labrador | Newfoundland and Labrador Terre-Neuve et Labrador |
||
 Nova Scotia |
Yr Alban Newydd | Nova Scotia Nouvelle-Écosse Alba Nuadh Nopa Sko'sia |
||
Czech Republic
 Czech Republic Y Weriniaeth Tsiec | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes |
| Moravia | Morafia | Morava | |
| Prague | Prag | Praha | |
France
 France Ffrainc | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Alps | Alpau, Mynydd Mynnau | Alpes | French | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Brittany |
Llydaw | Breizh | Breton | |
| Bretagne | French | |||
| Bertaèyn | Gallo | |||
 Burgundy |
Bwrgwyn | Bourgogne | French | |
 Gascony |
Gasgwyn | Gascogne | French | |
| Gasconha | Gascon | |||
| Gaskoinia | Basque | |||
| Nantes | Naoned | Nantes | French | |
| Naoned | Breton | |||
| Naunnt, Nantt | Gallo | |||
 Normandy |
Normandi, Norddmandi | Normandie | French | |
| Normaundie | Norman | |||
| Saint-Malo | Sant-Maloù | Saint-Malo | French | |
| Sant-Maloù | Breton | |||
| Strasbourg | Strasbwrg | Strasbourg | French | |
| Straßburg | German | |||
Germany
 Germany Yr Almaen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Bavaria |
Bafaria | Bayern | Bavarian, German | |
| Cologne | Cwlen | Kölle | Colognian | |
| Köln | German | |||
| Hamburg | Hambwrg | Hamburg | ||
Greece
 Greece Gwlad Groeg | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes |
| Aegean Sea | Môr Aegeaidd, Môr Egeaidd | Αιγαίο πέλαγος | |
| Athens | Athen | Athína (Αθήνα) | |
| Cephalonia | Ceffalonia | Kefaloniá (Κεφαλονιά) | |
| Crete | Creta | Kríti (Κρήτη) | |
| Dodecanese | Y Deuddeng Ynys | Dodekánisa (Δωδεκάνησα) | |
| Rhodes | Rhodos | Ródos (Ρόδος) | |
| Thessaloniki | Thessaloníci | Θεσσαλονίκη (Thessaloníki) | |
Israel/Palestine
 Israel  Palestine | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Galilee | Galilea | HaGalil (הגליל) | Hebrew | |
| Jerusalem | Jeriwsalem, Caersalem | Yerushalayim (ירושלים) / al-Quds (القُدس) | Hebrew/Arabic | |
Ireland
 Ireland Iwerddon | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes |
| Cork | Corc | Corcaigh | |
| Dublin | Dulyn | Baile Átha Cliath | Welsh name derives from the older Irish name ‘Duibhlinn’. |
| Ulster | Wlster; Wlaidd, Wledd, Wleth | Ulaidh | |
Italy
 Italy Yr Eidal | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Rome | Rhufain | Roma | Italian | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Sicily |
Sisili | Sicilia | Italian, Sicilian | |
| Venice | Fenis | Venesia | Venetian | |
| Venezia | Italian | |||
South Africa
 South Africa De Affrica | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Cape Town | Tref y Penrhyn | Kaapstad, iKapa | Afrikaans, Xhosa | |
| Cape of Good Hope | Penrhyn Gobaith Da | Kaap die Goeie Hoop | Afrikaans | |
Spain
 Spain Sbaen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
 Balearic Islands |
Ynysoedd Balearaidd | Illes Balears, Islas Baleares | Catalan, Spanish | |
 Basque Country |
Gwlad y Basg | Euskal Herria, País Vasco | Basque, Spanish | |
 Canary Islands |
Yr Ynysoedd Dedwydd, Ynysoedd y Cŵn | Islas Canarias | Spanish | |
 Catalonia |
Catalwnia | Catalunya, Cataluña | Catalan, Spanish | |
 Galicia |
Galisia | Galicia Galiza |
Galician/Portuguese Portuguese |
|
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Valencian Community |
Cymuned Falensia | Valencia, València | Spanish, Catalan | |
Turkey
 Turkey Twrci | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes |
| Constantinople | Caergystennin | قسطنطينيه (Ḳosṭanṭīnīye) Κωνσταντινούπολις (Kōnstantinoupolis) Constantinopolis |
|
| Istanbul | Istanbwl | İstanbul | |
United Kingdom
 United Kingdom Y Deyrnas Unedig | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Archenfield | Ergyng | Archenfield | English | |
| Ballingham | Llanbugnal | Ballingham | English | |
| Bath | Caerfaddon | Bath | English | |
| Belfast | Belffast | Belfast | English | |
| Béal Feirste | Irish | |||
| Birkenhead | Penbedw | Birkenhead | English | |
| Bishop's Castle | Trefesgob | Bishop's Castle | English | |
| Bridstow | Llansanffraid | Bridstow | English | |
| Bristol | Bryste; Caerodor | Bristol | English | |
| Cambridge | Caergrawnt | Cambridge | English | |
| Cambridgeshire | Swydd Gaergrawnt | Cambridgeshire | English | |
| Canterbury | Caergaint | Canterbury | English | |
| Carlisle | Caerliwelydd | Carlisle | English | |
| Catterick | Catraeth | Catterick | English | |
| Channel Islands | Ynysoedd y Sianel | Îles Normandes | French | |
| Cheltenham | Treffynnon | Cheltenham | English | |
| Cheshire | Swydd Gaer | Cheshire | English | |
| Chester | Caer(llion Fawr) | Chester | English | |
| Chichester | Caerfuddai | Chichester | English | |
| Chirbury | Llanffynhonwen | Chirbury | English | |
| Clyde | Clud | Cluaidh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Clyde | English, Scots | |||
| Colchester | Caercolyn | Colchester | English | |
| Cornwall | Cernyw | Kernow | Cornish | |
| Coventry | Cofentri, Cwyntry | Coventry | English | |
| Crewe | Cryw, Criw | Crewe | English | |
| Devon | Dyfnaint | Devon | English | |
| Dover | Dofr[2] | Dover | English | |
| East Midlands | Dwyrain Canolbarth Lloegr | East Midlands | English | |
| Edinburgh | Caeredin; Dinas Eidyn | Dùn Èideann | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Edinburgh | English, Scots | |||
| England | Lloegr | England | English | |
| English Channel | Môr Udd | English Channel | English | |
| La Manche | French | |||
| Mor Bretannek | Cornish | |||
| Exeter | Caerwysg | Exeter | English | |
| Falmouth | Aberfal | Aberfala | Cornish | |
| Firth of Forth | Moryd Gweryd, Aber Gweryd | Linne Foirthe | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Foy | Llantiuoi | Foy | English | |
| Forth river | Afon Gweryd[3] | Abhainn Dubh, Uisge For | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Glastonbury | Ynys Gwydrin, Ynys Wydrin | Glastonbury | English | |
| Gloucester | Caerloyw | Gloucester | English | |
| Gloucestershire | Swydd Gaerloyw | Gloucestershire | English | |
| Guernsey | Ynys y Garn | Guernèsi | Guernésiais | |
| Hebrides | Ynysoedd Heledd | Innse Gall | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Hentland | Henlland | Hentland | English | |
| Hereford | Henffordd | Hereford | English | |
| Herefordshire | Swydd Henffordd | Herefordshire | English | |
| Humber | Hwmbr | Humber | English | |
| Isle of Man | Ynys Manaw | Ellan Vannin | Manx | |
| Isle of Skye | Yr Ynys Hir | Eilean Sgitheanach | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Isle of Wight | Ynys Wyth | Isle of Wight | English | |
| Kenderchurch | Llancrug | Kenderchurch | English | |
| Kent | Caint | Kent | English | |
| Kentchurch | Llancein | Kentchurch | English | |
| Kilpeck | Llanddewi Cil Peddeg | Kilpeck | English | |
| Kington | Ceintun | Kington | English | |
| Lancashire | Swydd Gaerhirfryn | Lancashire | English | |
| Lancaster | Caerhirfryn | Lancaster | English | |
| Leicester | Caerlŷr | Leicester | English | |
| Leicestershire | Swydd Gaerlŷr | Leicestershire | English | |
| Leominster | Llanllieni | Leominster | English | |
| Lichfield | Caerlwytgoed | Lichfield | English | |
| Lincoln | Caerllyn, Llyncwlen | Lincoln | English | |
| Liverpool | Lerpwl, Llynlleifiad | Liverpool | English | |
| Loch Lomond | Llyn Llumonwy | Loch Laomainn | Scottish Gaelic | |
| London | Llundain, Caerludd | London | English | |
| Long Mynd | Cefn Hirfynydd | Long Mynd | English | |
| Ludlow | Llwydlo | Ludlow | English | |
| Lundy | Ynys Wair | Lundy | English | |
| Manchester | Manceinion | Manchester | English | |
| Greater Manchester | Manceinion Fwyaf | Manchester | English | |
| Marstow | Llanmartin | Marstow | English | |
| Mersey | Merswy | Mersey | English | |
| Merseyside | Glannau Merswy | Merseyside | English | |
| Michaelchurch | Llanmihangel | Michaelchurch | English | |
| Much Dewchurch | Llandewi | Much Dewchurch | English | |
| Much Wenlock | Gweunllwg | Much Wenlock | English | |
| Nantwich | Yr Heledd Wen | Nantwich | English | |
| Northwich | Yr Heledd Ddu | Northwich | English | |
| Orkney | Ynysoedd Erch | Arcaibh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Oswestry | Croesoswallt | Oswestry | English | |
| Oxford | Rhydychen | Oxford | English | |
| Oxfordshire | Swydd Rydychen | Oxfordshire | English | |
| Pennines | Penwynion | Pennines | English | |
| Plymouth | Aberplym | Plymouth | English | |
| Ross-on-Wye | Rhosan-ar-Wy | Ross-on-Wye | English | |
| St Weonards | Llansangwenardd | St Weonards | English | |
| Salisbury | Caersallog; Caercaradog, Caergradwg | Salisbury | English | |
| Sark | Sarc | Cerq, Sèr | ||
| Scotland | Yr Alban | Alba | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Scotland | English, Scots | |||
| Sellack | Llansulac | Sellack | English | |
| Somerset | Gwlad-yr-haf | Somerset | English | |
| Shrewsbury | Amwythig | Shrewsbury | English | |
| Shropshire | Swydd Amwythig | Shropshire | English | |
| The Stiperstones | Carneddau Teon | The Stiperstones | English | |
| Stonehenge | Côr y Cewri | Stonehenge | English | |
| Strathclyde | Ystrad Clud | Srath Chluaidh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Thames | Tafwys | Thames | English | |
| Trent | Trannon | Trent | English | |
| Ulster | Wlster; Wlaidd, Wledd, Wleth | Ulaidh | Irish | |
| Welsh Bicknor | Llangystennin Garth Brenni | Welsh Bicknor | English | |
| West Midlands | Gorllewin Canolbarth Lloegr | West Midlands | English | |
| Westminster | San Steffan | Westminster | English | |
| Whitchurch | Yr Eglwys Wen | Whitchurch | English | |
| Winchester | Caerwynt, Caerguint | Winchester | English | |
| Wirral | Cilgwri | Wirral | English | |
| Worcester | Caerwrangon | Worcester | English | |
| Worcestershire | Swydd Gaerwrangon | Worcestershire | English | |
| The Wrekin | Din Gwrygon | The Wrekin | English | |
| Wroxeter | Caerwrygion | Wroxeter | English | |
| York | Efrog, Caerefrog | York | English | |
| Yorkshire | Swydd Efrog | Yorkshire | English | |
United States
 United States Unol Daleithiau | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Welsh name | Endonym | Notes | ||||||||||||||||||||
| California | Califfornia[4] | California | |||||||||||||||||||||
| New Mexico | Mecsico Newydd | New Mexico Nueva México |
|||||||||||||||||||||
| New York City | Dinas Efrog Newydd | New York City | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Pennsylvania | Pensylfania | Pennsylvania | |||||||||||||||||||||
Sources
- Collins-Longman, Yr Atlas Cymraeg Newydd, ISBN 1-86085-377-3 (1999)
- Book of Llandaff
See also
References
- Griffiths, Bruce; Glyn Jones, Dafydd (2003). Geiriadur yr Academi.
- Geiriadur yr Academi, p. 419.
- Crawford, O. G. S. (2011). Topography of Roman Scotland: North of the Antonine Wall. Cambridge University Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-1107684737. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
- "BBC Radio Cymru - Byd Iolo, Califfornia".
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