Icelandic exonyms

The following is a list of Icelandic exonyms, that is to say names for places in Icelandic that have been adapted to Icelandic spelling rules, translated into Icelandic, or Old Norse exonyms surviving in Icelandic. Commonly pronunciation is close to in English (or native), even though not stated below, but also commonly completely different, more common if names look very different or for European/Nordic places.

Language	Native name	Icelandic exonym
Albania Albanía
Albanian	Tiranë	Tirana
Afghanistan Afganistan
Persian – Pashto	Kābul – Kabəl	Kabúl
Algeria Alsír
Arabic	Al-Ŷazā'ir	Algeirsborg
Armenia Armenía
Armenian	Yerevan	Jerevan
Angola Angóla
Portuguese	Luanda	Lúanda
Argentina Argentína
Spanish	Tierra del Fuego	Eldland
Austria Austurríki
German	Wien	Vín or Vínarborg
Australia Ástralía
English	New South Wales	Nýja Suður-Wales
	South Australia	Suður-Ástralía
	Western Australia	Vestur-Ástralía
	Australian Capital Territory	Höfuðborgarsvæði Ástralíu
	Northern Territory	Norður-svæðið
	Christmas Island	Jólaeyja
	Cocos (Keeling) Islands	Kókoseyjar
	Norfolk Island	Norfolkeyjar
	Heard Island and McDonald Islands	Heard og McDonaldseyjar
Azerbaijan Aserbaídsjan
Azerbaijani	Bakı	Bakú
The Bahamas Bahamaeyjar
English	Nassau	Nassá
Belarus Hvíta-Rússland
Belarusian	Polotsk	Palteskja (historical)
Belize Belís
English	Belmopan	Belmópan
Bhutan Bútan
Dzongkha	Thimphu	Timfú
Bolivia Bólivía
Spanish – Quechua	Sucre – Chuqichaka	Súkre
Bosnia Bosnía
Bosnian	Sarajevo	Sarajevó
Botswana Botsvana
English – Tswana	Gaborone	Gaboróne
Brazil Brasilía
Portuguese	Brasília	Brasilía
Burma Mjanmar
Burmese	Yangon	Jangún
Burundi Búrúndí
French	Bujumbura	Bújúmbúra
Cameroon Kamerún
French – English	Douala	Dóúala
	Yaoundé	Jánde
Canada Kanada
English – French	Toronto	Torontó
Central African Republic Mið-Afríkulýðveldið
French	Bangui	Bangví
Chile Síle
Spanish	Rapa Nui	Páskaeyja
	Santiago	Santíagó
China Kína
Mandarin (pinyin Romanization)	Beijing	Peking (sometimes written and read Beijing; Peking reads a bit differently)
	Shanghai	Sjanghæ (reads like in English)
	Tianjin	Tientsin
	Qingdao	Tsingtao
	Nanjing	Nanking
	Xiamen	Amoy
	Guilin	Kweilin
	Guangzhou	Kanton
Macau Makaó
Portuguese – Cantonese	Macau	Makaó
Taiwan Formósa
Mandarin (pinyin Romanization)	Táiběi	Taípei, Tæpei
Colombia Kólumbía
Spanish	Bogotá	Bógóta
Cook Islands Cookseyjar
Māori – English	Avarua	Avarúa
Cyprus Kýpur
Greek – Turkish	Lefkosía – Lefkoşa	Nikósía
Czech Republic Tékkland
Czech	Plzeň	Pilsen
	Praha	Prag
Denmark Danmörk
Danish	Aalborg	Álaborg
	Aarhus	Árósar
	Helsingør	Helsingjaeyri
	Falster	Falstur
	Fredrikshavn	Friðrikshöfn
	Fyn	Fjón
	Humlebæk	Humlabekk (little used)
	Jelling	Jalangur
	Jylland	Jótland
	København (Copenhagen)	Kaupmannahöfn
	Lolland	Láland
	Læsø	Hlésey
	Odense	Óðinsvé
	Ribe	Rípar
	Ringsted	Hringstað
	Roskilde	Hróarskelda
	Silkeborg	Silkiborg
	Sjælland	Sjáland
	Skagen	Skaginn
	Slagelse	Slagleysa
	Sorø	Sórey
	Viborg	Vébjörg
Dominican Republic Dóminíska Lýðveldið
Spanish	Santo Domingo	Santó Dómingó
Egypt Egyptaland
Arabic	Al-Iskandariyya	Alexandría
	Qāhirah	Kaíró
	Suways	Súes
Equatorial Guinea Miðbaugs-Gínea
French – Spanish	Malabo	Malabó
Ethiopia Eþíópía
Amharic	Adis Abäba	Addis Ababa
Faroe Islands Færeyjar
Faroese	Borðoy	Borðey
	Eysturoy	Austurey
	Fuglafjørður	Fuglafjörður
	Fugloy	Fugley
	Gásadalur	Gæsadalur
	Kalsoy	Karlsey
	Kirkjubøur	Kirkjubær
	Klaksvík	Klakksvík
	Kollafjørður	Kollafjörður
	Kunoy	Konuey
	Miðvágur	Miðvogur
	Nólsoy	Nólsey
	Sandavágur	Sandavogur
	Sandoy	Sandey
	Streymoy	Straumey
	Suðuroy	Suðurey
	Svínoy	Svíney
	Toftir	Tóftir
	Tórshavn	Þórshöfn
	Tvøroyri	Þvereyri
	Vágar	Vogar, Vogey
	Vágur	Vogur
	Viðoy	Viðey
Finland Finnland
Finnish – Swedish	Turku – Åbo	Árbæ
France Frakkland
French	Bretagne	Bretanía (current), Bretonskagi, Litla-Bretland, Bertangaland (obsolete), Bretland (obsolete)
	Bourgogne	Búrgund
	Corse	Korsíka
	Nantes	Namsborg (obsolete)
	Normandy	Norðmandí (obsolete), Normandí (current)
	Paris	París
	Poitiers	Peituborg
	Reims	Reimsborg
	Rouen	Rúðuborg
	Strasbourg	Strassborg
	Versailles	Versalir
French Polynesia Franska Pólýnesía
Tahitian – French	'Enana mā	Markesaseyjar
	Tōtaiete mā	Félagseyjar
	Tahiti	Tahítí
	Tūāmotu mā	Lágeyjar (obsolete)
Ghana Gana
English	Accra	Akkra
Georgia Georgía
Georgian	Tbi'lisi	Tíblisi (Tíflis in common parlance)
Germany Þýskaland
German	Berlin	Berlín
	Bavaria	Bæjaraland
	Braunschweig	Brúnsvík (obsolete)
	Bremen	Brimar
	Flensburg	Flensborg
	Frankfurt	Frakkafurða (little used)
	Hamburg	Hamborg
	Haddeby	Heiðabær
	Holstein	Holtsetaland
	Kiel	Kíl
	Köln (Cologne)	Kolni (little used), Köln (current)
	Lübeck	Lýbika
	Oldenburg	Aldinborg
	Rostock	Rauðstokkur (obsolete)
	Schleswig	Slésvík
	Stralsund	Stræla
	Stuttgart	Stóðgarður (little used)
	Verden	Ferðuborg (obsolete)
Greece Grikkland
Greek	Athína	Aþena
	Límnos	Lemney
	Thessaloníki	Saloníka (obsolete), Þessalónika (current)
Guinea Gínea
French	Conakry	Kónakrí
Guatemala Gvatemala
Spanish	Ciudad de Guatemala	Gvatemalaborg
Guinea-Bissau Gínea-Bissá
Portuguese	Bissau	Bissá (reads like in English)
Hungary Ungverjaland
Hungarian	Budapest	Búdapest
India Indland
Hindi – English	Kolkata	Kalkútta (obsolete)
	Naī Dillī – New Delhi	Nýja-Delí
Indonesia Indónesía
Indonesian	DKI Jakarta	Djakarta
Iran Íran
Persian	Tehrān	Teheran
Iraq Írak
Arabic – Kurdish	Baġdād – Bexda	Bagdað (or which reads almost the same)
Ireland Írland
Irish	Áth Cliath/Dubhlinn (Dublin)	Dyflinn(i)
	Luimneach (Limerick)	Hlymrek (obsolete)
Israel Ísrael
Hebrew – Arabic	Yerushaláyim – al Quds	Jórsalaborg (obsolete), Jerúsalem (current)
	Ḥeifa – Ḥayfā	Haífa
	Tel Aviv-Yafo – Tal ʼAbīb	Tel Avív
Italy Ítalía
Italian	Bari	Bár (obsolete)
	Firenze	Flórens
	Genova	Genúa
	Lucca	Lukkuborg (obsolete)
	Milano	Meilansborg (obsolete), Mílanó (current)
	Napoli	Napólí
	Roma	Róm, Rómaborg (both are commonly and, additionally Rómarborg, which is an incorrect spelling,[1] with extra r before the ending -borg, which means city).
	Salerno	Salernisborg (rare)
	Torino	Tórínó
	Venezia	Feneyjar
Japan Japan
Japanese	Kyōto-shi	Kýótó
	Tōkyō	Tókýó
Kenya Kenýa
English – Swahili	Nairobi	Naíróbí
Latvia Lettland
Latvian	Rīga	Ríga
	Kurzeme	Kúrland
	Daugava	Dvína
	Livonija	Lífland
	Liepāja	Líbá
Lebanon Líbanon
Arabic – French	Bayrūt – Beyrouth	Beirút
Liberia Líbería
English	Monrovia	Monróvía
Libya Líbýa
Arabic	Ṭarābulus	Trípólí
Lithuania Litháen
Lithuanian	Vilnius	Vilníus
Madagascar Madagaskar
Malagasy – French	Antananarivo	Antananarívó
Malawi Malaví
English	Lilongwe	Lílongve
Malaysia Malasía
Malay	Kuala Lumpur	Kúala Lúmpúr
Mali Malí
French – Bambara	Bamako – Bamakə	Bamakó
	Tombouctou – Timbuktu	Timbúktú
Marshall Islands Marshalleyjar
Marshallese – English	Majuro	Majúró
Mauritania Máritanía
Arabic – French	Nouakchott	Núaksjott
Mexico Mexíkó
Spanish	Ciudad de México	Mexíkóborg
Moldova Moldóva
Romanian	Chișinău	Kisínev
Mongolia Mongólía
Mongolian	Ulaanbaatar	Úlan Bator
Montenegro Svartfjallaland
Mozambique Mósambík
Portuguese	Maputo	Mapútó
North Korea Norður-Kórea
Korean	P'yŏngyang	Pjongjang
Nepal Nepal
Nepali	Kāţhmāņđau	Katmandú
The Netherlands Holland
Dutch	Amsterdam	Amsturdammur (little used), Erilstífla (little used)
	Den Haag or ´s Gravenhage	Haag
	Utrecht	Trekt (little used)
	Zuiderzee	Suðursjó (historical)
Nicaragua Níkaragva
Spanish	Managua	Managva
Niger Níger
French	Niamey	Níamey
Nigeria Nígería
English – Yorùbá	Abuja-Abùjá	Abútja
Norway Noregur
Norwegian
	Akershus	Akurshús
	Arendal	Arnardalur
	Aust-Agder	Austur-Agðir
	Bergen	Björgyn (obsolete), Björgvin (current)
	Bjørnøya	Bjarnarey
	Bodø	Boðvin
	Bærum	Bergheimur (obsolete)
	Drammen	Dröfn (obsolete)
	Finnmark	Finnmörk
	Gjøvik	Djúpvík (historical)
	Hedmark	Heiðmörk
	Hordaland	Hörðaland
	Karmøy	Körmt (historical)
	Møre og Romsdal	Mæri og Raumsdalur
	Nord-Trøndelag, Sør-Trøndelag	Norður-Þrændalög, Suður-Þrændalög
	Nordland	Norðurland
	Oslo	Kauphágur (historical), Ósló (current)
	Rogaland	Rygjafylki
	Skien	Skiða (obsolete)
	Sogn og Fjordane	Sogn og Firðafylki
	Stavanger	Stafangur
	Telemark	Þelamörk
	Trondheim	Niðarós (historical), Þrándheimur (current)
	Tønsberg	Túnsberg (obsolete)
	Østfold	Austfold
Ålesund	Álasund
Oman Óman
Arabic	Masqaṭ	Múskat
Paraguay Paragvæ
Spanish – Guaraní	Asunción	Asúnsjón
Peru Perú
Spanish	Lima	Líma
Philippines Filippseyjar
Tagalog – Cebuano	Maynila – Manila	Maníla
Poland Pólland
Polish	Kraków	Kraká
	Warszawa	Varsjá
	Szczecin	Stettín
Portugal Portúgal
Portuguese	Lisboa	Lissabon
Romania Rúmenía
Romanian	București	Búkarest
	Constanța	Konstantía
Russia Rússland
Russian	Murom	Móramar (historical)
	Novgorod	Hólmgarður, Nýi Garður, Nýborg
	Rostov	Ráðstofa
	Sankt Peterburg	Sankti Pétursborg
	Smolensk	Smáleskja (historical)
	Staraya Ladoga	Aldeigjuborg (historical)
	Suzdal	Súrsdalar (historical)
Rwanda Rúanda
Kinyarwanda – French	Kigali	Kígalí
Samoa Samóa
Samoan	Apia	Apía
Saudi Arabia Sádí-Arabía
Arabic	Makkah	Mekka
	Riyāḍ	Ríad
Serbia Serbía
Serbian	Beograd	Belgrad
Somalia Sómalía
Somali – Arabic	Muqdisho – Maqadīshū	Mógadisjú
South Africa Suður-Afríka
English – Afrikaans	Cape of Good Hope	Góðrarvonarhöfði
	Cape Town – Kaapstad	Höfðaborg
	Johannesburg	Jóhannesarborg
	Pretoria	Pretoría
South Korea Suður-Kórea
Korean	Seoul	Seúl
Spain Spánn
Spanish	Barcelona	Barselóna
Sri Lanka Srí Lanka
Sinhala – Tamil	Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte	Srí Jajevardenepúra
Sudan Súdan
Arabic – English	Kharṭūm – Khartoum	Kartúm
Suriname Súrínam
Dutch	Paramaribo	Paramaríbó
Sweden Svíþjóð
Swedish	Göteborg	Gautaborg
	Helsingborg	Helsingjaborg
	Lund	Lundur
	Malmö	Málmhaugar (little used), Málmey
	Stockholm	Stokkhólmur
	Uppsala	Uppsalir
Switzerland Sviss
German – French	Basel – Bâle	Boslaraborg (obsolete)
Syria Sýrland
Arabic	Dimašq	Damaskus
Tajikistan Tadsjikistan
Tajik	Dushanbe	Dúshanbe
Tanzania Tansanía
Swahili	Dodoma	Dódóma
Thailand Taíland
Thai	Krung Thep	Bangkok
Tonga Tonga
Tongan – English	Nukuʻalofa	Núkúalófa
Turkey Tyrkland
Turkish	İstanbul	Mikligarður (historical), Istanbúl (current)
Ukraine Úkraína
Ukrainian	Kyiv	Kænugarður, Kyjív
United Arab Emirates Sameinuðu arabísku furstadæmin
Arabic	Abū Zabī	Abú Dabí
	'Ajmān	Adsman
	Dubayy	Dúbaí
United Kingdom Bretland
English	Aberdeen	Apardjón (obsolete)
	Canterbury	Kantaraborg
	Dover	Dofrar (little used)
	Edinburgh	Edinborg
	Yarmouth	Járnamóða (little used)
	Cambridge	Kambabryggja (little used)
	Lerwick	Leirvík
	London	Lundúnir (also used, but London more current)
	Southampton	Suðurhamtún (little used)
	Oxford	Öxnafurða (little used)
	Scarborough	Skarðaborg (obsolete)
	York	Jórvík
United States Bandaríkin
English	California	Kalifornía
	New York	Nýja-Jórvík (not in common use, a jocular term of academic pretension)
	North Dakota	Norður-Dakóta
	South Dakota	Suður-Dakóta
Uruguay Úrúgvæ
Spanish	Montevideo	Montevídeó
Uzbekistan Úsbekistan
Uzbek	Toshkent	Taskent
Vatican City Vatíkanið or Páfagarður
Latin	Status Civitatis Vaticanae	Páfagarður
Venezuela Venesúela
Spanish	Caracas	Karakas
Vietnam Víetnam
Vietnamese	Hà Nội	Hanoí
	Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh	Ho Chi Minh-borg, formerly Saígon
Zambia Sambía
English	Lusaka	Lúsaka
Language	Native name	Icelandic exonym