Tanjidor

Tanjidor is a traditional Betawi musical ensemble developed in Jakarta, Indonesia.[1] This musical ensemble took form of a modest orchestra, and was developed in the 19th century, pioneered by Augustijn Michiels or better known as Major Jantje in the Citrap or Citeureup area on the outskirt of Batavia.[2]

Tanjidor
Tanjidor is a traditional Betawi musical ensamble in the form of a modest orchestra, in this image using trumpet and helicon.
Classification
DevelopedIndonesia
Related instruments
Gambang kromong, Keroncong

The instruments used are almost the same as a military band, a military-styled marching band and/or corps of drums/drum and bugle corps, usually consisting of select wind and percussion instruments.[2] Other than Jakarta, tanjidor musical ensemble is also can be found in Pontianak, West Kalimantan.[3]

Etymology
Malay Pontianak tanjidor performance

The term tanjidor was derived from Portuguese tanger (playing music) and tangedor (playing music outdoors), subsequently adopted in Betawi language as tanji (music).[2]

Performance

Tanjidor music is commonly performed as a traditional street music as well as festive music in numbers of celebrations; such as the Cap go meh party in Betawi Chinese communities[1] and Lebaran Betawi.[4] Tanjidor bandsmen usually perform in traditional Betawi wedding to deliver the groom, or take part in parades as a group as a general rule, with the band led by a bandmaster or conductor. In general, tanjidor music is usually performed during festive occasions of the Betawi community. They wear uniforms inspired by traditional clothing of the Betawi of greater Jakarta and its suburban towns, with songkrok caps by the male bandsmen.

This form of musical ensemble is the remnant of the colonial marching band brass and wind instrument and music of the Dutch East Indies era in Indonesia. Their music is usually cheerful songs akin to military marches music from the Dutch colonial era, which were usually played by military bandsmen of the Royal Netherlands Navy and the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, and later on by bandsmen of the first generation bands of the Indonesian National Armed Forces.

Instruments

There is no fixed numbers of instrument that can be used in the tanjidor band or ensemble. It can be as little as a brass duo of tuba and trumpet, to a quite complete wind orchestra consisting of numbers of wind and percussion instruments. The musical instruments being played in tanjidor among others are:

Played in concert settings:

See also
Various hanging Gongs (gong ageng, gong suwukan, kempul) of Gamelan in Indonesia
Music of Indonesia
Genres
Specific forms
Regional music
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tanjidor.

References
  1. "From religious rituals to festive attractions: Indonesians prepare to celebrate Chinese New Year". The Jakarta Post. 24 January 2020. Retrieved 2020-07-13.
  2. Media, Kompas Cyber (11 September 2009). "Mayor Jantje dan Tanjidor". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-07-13.
  3. "Grup Tanjidor yang Diperkuat Para Pemain Muda". Pontianak Post (in Indonesian). 2019-10-13. Retrieved 2020-07-13.
  4. "Transjakarta provides free buses to Lebaran Betawi site". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 2020-07-13.
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