Sapphire Rapids
Sapphire Rapids is a codename for Intel's server (fourth generation Xeon Scalable) and workstation processors based on Intel 7.[1][2][3][4]
| General information | |
|---|---|
| Launched | January 10, 2023 |
| Marketed by | Intel |
| Designed by | Intel |
| Common manufacturer(s) | |
| Cache | |
| L3 cache | Up to 112.5MB |
| L4 cache | Up to 64GB |
| Architecture and classification | |
| Technology node | Intel 7 (previously known as 10ESF) |
| Microarchitecture | Golden Cove |
| Instruction set | x86-64 |
| Extensions | |
| Physical specifications | |
| Cores |
|
| Socket(s) | |
| Products, models, variants | |
| Core name(s) | |
| Brand name(s) | |
| History | |
| Predecessor(s) | Ice Lake-SP (1S and 2S systems) Cooper Lake (4S and 8S systems) |
| Successor(s) | Emerald Rapids |
| Support status | |
| Supported | |
Sapphire Rapids is part of the Eagle Stream server platform.[5][6] In addition, it will be powering Aurora, an exascale supercomputer in the United States, at Argonne National Laboratory.[7]
History
Sapphire Rapids has been a long-standing Intel project in development for over five years and has been subjected to many delays.[8] Sapphire Rapids was first announced by Intel at their Investor Meeting in May 2019 with the intention of Sapphire Rapids succeeding Ice Lake in 2021.[9][10] Intel again announced details on Sapphire Rapids in their August 2021 Architecture Day presentation with no mention of a launch date.[11] Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger tacitly blamed the previous Intel leadership as a reason for Sapphire Rapid's many delays.[8] One industry analyst firm claimed that Intel was having problems with yields from its Intel 7 node with yields of 50–60% on higher core-count silicon.[12] Sapphire Rapids was originally scheduled for a launch in the first half of 2022.[13] It was later scheduled for release in Q4 2022 but was again delayed to early 2023.[14] The specific announcement date of January 10, 2023 was not revealed by Intel until November 2022.[15] The server processor lineup was released on January 10, 2023, and the workstation processor lineup was released on February 15, 2023.[16] Nevine Nassif is a chief engineer for this generation.[17] Those processors were available for shipping on March 14 of that year.[18] Intel shipped millionth of this generation Xeon processors at 2023.[19]
Features
CPU
- Up to 60 Golden Cove CPU cores per package[20]
- AVX512-FP16[21]
- TSXLDTRK[22]
- Advanced Matrix Extensions (AMX)[20]
- Trust Domain Extensions (TDX), a collection of technologies to help deploy hardware-isolated virtual machines (VMs) called trust domains (TDs)[23]
- In-Field Scan (IFS), a technology that allows for testing the processor for potential hardware faults without taking it completely offline[24]
- Data Streaming Accelerator (DSA), allows for speeding up data copy and transformation between different kinds of storage[25][26]
- QuickAssist Technology (QAT), allows for improved performance of compression and encryption tasks[26]
- Dynamic Load Balancer (DLB), allows for offloading tasks of load balancing, packet prioritization and queue management[26]
- In-Memory Analytics Accelerator (IAA), allows accelerating in-memory databases and big data analytics[26]
Not all accelerators are available in all processor models. Some accelerators are available under the Intel On Demand program, also known as Software Defined Silicon (SDSi), where a license is required to activate a given accelerator that is physically present in the processor. The license can be obtained as a one-time purchase or as a paid subscription. Activating the license requires support in the operating system. A driver with the necessary support was added in Linux 6.2.[27][26]
I/O
- PCI Express 5.0[20]
- DDR5 memory support up to DDR5-4800[28]
- On-package HBM2e Memory as L4 cache on some models[29][30]
- Compute Express Link 1.1[20]
XCC multi-die configuration
- Multi-die chip with four tiles linked by 2.5D Embedded Multi-die Interconnect Bridges. Each tile is a 400mm2 SoC, providing both compute cores and I/O.[31]
- Each tile contains 15 Golden Cove cores
- Each tile's memory controller provides two channels of DDR5 with a maximum of eight channels across 4 tiles[32]
- A tile provides up to 32 PCIe 5.0 lanes, but one of the eight PCIe controllers of a CPU is usually reserved for DMI, resulting in a maximum of 112 non-chipset lanes. This maximum is only reached in the W-3400 series processors, while the server processors have 80.[33]
- Xeon Max processors also contain 64 GB of High Bandwidth Memory
Products
Sapphire Rapids-HBM (Xeon Max Series)
| Model number | Cores (Threads) |
Base clock GHz |
All core turbo boost GHz |
Max turbo boost GHz |
Smart Cache |
TDP Base / Turbo (W) |
Maximum scalability |
Registered DDR5 w. ECC support (MT/s) |
UPI links | Release MSRP (USD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9480 | 56 (112) | 1.9 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 112.5 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | 4 | $12980 |
| 9470 | 52 (104) | 2.0 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 105.0 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | 4 | $11590 |
| 9468 | 48 (96) | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 105.0 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | 4 | $9900 |
| 9460 | 40 (80) | 2.2 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 97.5 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $8750 |
| 9462 | 32 (64) | 2.7 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 75.0 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $7995 |
Sapphire Rapids-SP (Server)
With its maximum of 60 cores, Sapphire Rapids-SP competes with AMD's EPYC Genoa with up to 96 cores. Sapphire Rapids Xeon server products are scalable from single-socket configurations up to 8 socket configurations.[34][35]
Xeon Platinum
| Model number | Cores (Threads) |
Base clock GHz |
All core turbo boost GHz |
Max turbo boost GHz |
Smart Cache |
TDP Base / Turbo (W) |
Maximum scalability |
Registered DDR5 w. ECC support (MT/s) |
UPI links | Release MSRP (USD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8490H | 60 (120) | 1.9 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 112.5 MB | 350 | 8S | 4800 | 4 | $17000 |
| 8488C | 48 (96) | 2.4 | ? | ? | 105.0 MB | ? | 2S | 4800 | ? | |
| 8481C | 56 (112) | 2.0 | 2.9 | 3.8 | 105.0 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | ? | |
| 8480+ | 56 (112) | 2.0 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 105.0 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | 4 | $10710 |
| 8480C | 56 (112) | 2.0 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 105.0 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | 4 | |
| 8475B | 48 (96) | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 97.5 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | ? | |
| 8474C | 48 (96) | ? | ? | ? | 97.5 MB | ? | 2S | 4800 | ? | |
| 8473C | 52 (104) | 2.1 | 2.9 | 3.8 | 105 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | ? | |
| 8471N | 52 (104) | 1.8 | 2.8 | 3.6 | 97.5 MB | 300 | 1S | 4800 | 4 | $5171 |
| 8470Q | 52 (104) | 2.1 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 105.0 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | 4 | $9410 |
| 8470N | 52 (104) | 1.7 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 97.5 MB | 300 | 2S | 4800 | 4 | $9520 |
| 8470 | 52 (104) | 2.0 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 105.0 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | 4 | $9359 |
| 8469C | 48 (96) | 2.6 | 3.1 | 3.8 | 97.5 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | ? | |
| 8468V | 48 (96) | 2.4 | 2.9 | 3.8 | 97.5 MB | 330 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $7121 |
| 8468H | 48 (96) | 2.1 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 105.0 MB | 330 | 8S | 4800 | 4 | $13923 |
| 8468 | 48 (96) | 2.1 | 3.1 | 3.8 | 105.0 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | 4 | $7214 |
| 8465C | 52 (104) | 2.1 | 2.9 | 3.8 | 105.0 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | ? | |
| 8462Y+ | 32 (64) | 2.8 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 60.0 MB | 300 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $5945 |
| 8461V | 48 (96) | 2.2 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 97.5 MB | 300 | 1S | 4800 | 0 | $4491 |
| 8460Y+ | 40 (80) | 2.0 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 105.0 MB | 300 | 2S | 4800 | 4 | $5558 |
| 8460H | 40 (80) | 2.2 | 3.1 | 3.8 | 105.0 MB | 330 | 8S | 4800 | 4 | $10710 |
| 8458P | 44 (88) | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 82.5 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $7121 |
| 8454H | 32 (64) | 2.1 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 82.5 MB | 270 | 8S | 4800 | 4 | $6540 |
| 8452Y | 36 (72) | 2.0 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 67.5 MB | 300 | 2S | 4800 | 4 | $3995 |
| 8450H | 28 (56) | 2.0 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 75.0 MB | 250 | 8S | 4800 | 4 | $4708 |
| 8444H | 16 (32) | 2.9 | 3.2 | 4.0 | 45.0 MB | 270 | 8S | 4800 | 4 | $4234 |
| 8432C | 40 (80) | ? | ? | 3.8 | ? | 350 | 2S | 4800 | ? | |
| 8422C | 36 (72) | ? | ? | ? | ? | 2S | 4800 | ? | ||
Xeon Gold
| Model number | Cores (Threads) |
Base clock GHz |
All core turbo boost GHz |
Max turbo boost GHz |
Smart Cache |
TDP Base / Turbo (W) |
Maximum scalability |
Registered DDR5 w. ECC support (MT/s) |
UPI links | Release MSRP (USD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6462C | 32 (64) | 3.3 | ? | ? | 60.0 MB | ? | 2S | 4800 | ? | |
| 6458Q | 32 (64) | 3.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 60.0 MB | 350 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $6416 |
| 6456C | 32 (64) | 2.9 | 3.3 | 4.1 | 60.0 MB | 280 | 2S | 4800 | ? | |
| 6454S | 32 (64) | 2.2 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 60.0 MB | 270 | 2S | 4800 | 4 | $3157 |
| 6448Y | 32 (64) | 2.1 | 3.0 | 4.1 | 60.0 MB | 225 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $3583 |
| 6448H | 32 (64) | 2.4 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 60.0 MB | 250 | 4S | 4800 | 3 | $3658 |
| 6444Y | 16 (32) | 3.6 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 45.0 MB | 270 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $3622 |
| 6442Y | 24 (48) | 2.6 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 60.0 MB | 225 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $2878 |
| 6438Y+ | 32 (64) | 2.0 | 2.8 | 4.0 | 60.0 MB | 205 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $3141 |
| 6438N | 32 (64) | 2.0 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 60.0 MB | 205 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $3351 |
| 6438M | 32 (64) | 2.2 | 2.8 | 3.9 | 60.0 MB | 205 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $3273 |
| 6434H | 8 (16) | 3.7 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 22.5 MB | 195 | 4S | 4800 | 3 | $3070 |
| 6434 | 8 (16) | 3.7 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 22.5 MB | 195 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $2607 |
| 6430 | 32 (64) | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 60.0 MB | 270 | 2S | 4400 | 3 | $2128 |
| 6428N | 32 (64) | 1.8 | 2.5 | 3.8 | 60.0 MB | 185 | 2S | 4000 | 3 | $3200 |
| 6426Y | 16 (32) | 2.5 | 3.3 | 4.1 | 37.5 MB | 185 | 2S | 4800 | 3 | $1517 |
| 6421N | 32 (64) | 1.8 | 2.6 | 3.6 | 60.0 MB | 185 | 1S | 4400 | 3 | $2368 |
| 6418H | 24 (48) | 2.1 | 2.9 | 4.0 | 60.0 MB | 185 | 4S | 4800 | 3 | $2065 |
| 6416H | 18 (36) | 2.2 | 2.9 | 4.2 | 45.0 MB | 165 | 4S | 4800 | 3 | $1444 |
| 6414U | 32 (64) | 2.0 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 60.0 MB | 250 | 1S | 4800 | 0 | $2296 |
| 5420+ | 28 (56) | 2.0 | 2.7 | 4.1 | 52.5 MB | 205 | 2S | 4400 | 3 | $1848 |
| 5418Y | 24 (48) | 2.0 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 45.0 MB | 185 | 2S | 4400 | 3 | $1483 |
| 5418N | 24 (48) | 1.8 | 2.6 | 3.8 | 45.0 MB | 165 | 2S | 4000 | 3 | $1664 |
| 5416S | 16 (32) | 2.0 | 2.8 | 4.0 | 30.0 MB | 150 | 2S | 4400 | 3 | $944 |
| 5415+ | 8 (16) | 2.9 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 22.5 MB | 150 | 2S | 4400 | 3 | $1066 |
| 5412U | 24 (48) | 2.1 | 2.9 | 3.9 | 45.0 MB | 185 | 1S | 4400 | 0 | $1113 |
| 5411N | 24 (48) | 1.9 | 2.8 | 3.9 | 45.0 MB | 165 | 1S | 4400 | 3 | $1232 |
Xeon Bronze and Silver
| Model number | Cores (Threads) |
Base clock GHz |
All core turbo boost GHz |
Max turbo boost GHz |
Smart Cache |
TDP Base / Turbo (W) |
Maximum scalability |
Registered DDR5 w. ECC support (MT/s) |
UPI links | Release MSRP (USD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xeon Silver 4416+ | 20 (40) | 2.0 | 2.9 | 3.9 | 37.5 MB | 165 | 2S | 4000 | 2 | $1176 |
| Xeon Silver 4410Y | 12 (24) | 2.0 | 2.8 | 3.9 | 30.0 MB | 150 | 2S | 4000 | 2 | $563 |
| Xeon Silver 4410T | 10 (20) | 2.7 | 3.4 | 4.0 | 26.25 MB | 150 | 2S | 4000 | 2 | $624 |
| Xeon Bronze 3408U | 8 (8) | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 22.5 MB | 125 | 1S | 4000 | 0 | $415 |
Sapphire Rapids-WS (Workstation)
With its maximum of 56 cores, Sapphire Rapids-WS competes with AMD's Threadripper Pro 5000WX with up to 64 cores.[36] Like Intel's Core product segmentation into i3, i5, i7 and i9, Sapphire Rapids-WS is labeled Xeon w3, w5, w7 and w9.[37] Sapphire Rapids-WS was unveiled in February 2023, and will be initially available for OEMs in March.[38][39] CPUs with "X" suffix have its multiplier unlocked for overclocking.[40]
- CPU models ending with X are overclockable, others are not.
| Processor branding |
Model | Cores (Threads) |
Base clock GHz |
Max boost GHz |
Smart Cache |
Registered DDR5 w. ECC support |
PCI-e 5.0 lanes |
TDP Base / Turbo (W) |
Release MSRP (USD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xeon w9 | 3495X | 56 (112) | 1.9 | 4.8 | 105 MB | 8-channel 4800 MT/s 4TB |
112 | 350 / 420 | $5889 |
| 3475X | 36 (72) | 2.2 | 82.5 MB | 300 / 420 | $3739 | ||||
| Xeon w7 | 3465X | 28 (56) | 2.5 | 75.0 MB | 300 / 360 | $2889 | |||
| 3455 | 24 (48) | 67.5 MB | 270 / 324 | $2489 | |||||
| 3445 | 20 (40) | 2.6 | 52.5 MB | $1989 | |||||
| Xeon w5 | 3435X | 16 (32) | 3.1 | 4.7 | 45.0 MB | $1589 | |||
| 3425 | 12 (24) | 3.2 | 4.6 | 30.0 MB | $1189 | ||||
| Xeon w7 | 2495X | 24 (48) | 2.5 | 4.8 | 45.0 MB | 4-channel 4800 MT/s 2TB |
64 | 225 / 270 | $2189 |
| 2475X | 20 (40) | 2.6 | 37.5 MB | $1789 | |||||
| Xeon w5 | 2465X | 16 (32) | 3.1 | 4.7 | 33.7 MB | 200 / 240 | $1389 | ||
| 2455X | 12 (24) | 3.2 | 4.6 | 30.0 MB | $1039 | ||||
| 2445 | 10 (20) | 3.1 | 26.2 MB | 175 / 210 | $839 | ||||
| Xeon w3 | 2435 | 8 (16) | 4.5 | 22.5 MB | 4-channel 4400 MT/s 2TB |
165 / 198 | $669 | ||
| 2425 | 6 (12) | 3.0 | 4.4 | 15.0 MB | 130 / 156 | $529 | |||
| 2423 | 2.1 | 4.2 | 120 / 144 | $359 |
See also
References
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