Reichsgau Kärnten

The Reichsgau Carinthia (German: Reichsgau Kärnten) was an administrative division of Nazi Germany in Carinthia and East Tyrol (both in Austria) and Upper Carniola in Slovenia. It existed from 1938 to 1945.

Reichsgau Carinthia
Reichsgau of Nazi Germany
1938–1945
Flag of Reichsgau Carinthia
Flag
Coat of arms of Reichsgau Carinthia
Coat of arms

Map of Nazi Germany showing its administrative
subdivisions (Gaue and Reichsgaue)
CapitalKlagenfurt
Population 
• 1939
451,028
History
Government
Gauleiter 
• 1938–1939
Hubert Klausner
• 1939–1941
Franz Kutschera (acting)
• 1941–1945
Friedrich Rainer
History 
• Anschluss
12 March 1938
8 May 1945
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Carinthia
Tyrol
Drava Banovina
Carinthia
Tyrol
Socialist Republic of Slovenia
Today part ofAustria
Slovenia

It was responsible for the administration of the de facto annexed Operational Zone of the Adriatic Littoral (Operationszone Adriatisches Küstenland, OZAK).[1]

History

The Nazi Gau (plural Gaue) system was originally established in a party conference on 22 May 1926, in order to improve administration of the party structure. From 1933 onwards, after the Nazi seizure of power, the Gaue increasingly replaced the German states as administrative subdivisions in Germany.[2] On 12 March 1938 Nazi Germany annexed Austria and on 24 May the Austrian provinces were reorganized and replaced by seven Nazi party Gaue.[3] Under the Ostmarkgesetz law of 14 April 1939 with effect of 1 May, the Austrian Gaue were raised to the status of Reichsgaue and their Gauleiters were subsequently also named Reichsstatthalters.[2][4]

At the head of each Gau stood a Gauleiter, a position which became increasingly more powerful, especially after the outbreak of the Second World War. Local Gauleiters were in charge of propaganda and surveillance and, from September 1944 onwards, the Volkssturm and the defence of the Gau.[2][5]

The position of Gauleiter in Carinthia initially was held by Hubert Klausner from 1938 to 1939. Franz Kutschera was acting Gauleiter from 1939 to 1941, followed by Friedrich Rainer from 1941 to 1945.[6][7]

References
  1. Michael Wedekind (2005). "The Sword of Science". In Ingo Haar; Michael Fahlbusch (eds.). German scholars and ethnic cleansing, 1919–1945. Berghahn Books. pp. 111–123. ISBN 9781571814357.
  2. "Die NS-Gaue" [The Nazi Gaue]. dhm.de (in German). Deutsches Historisches Museum. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
  3. "Administration of Austria," The Times (London) 25 May 1938, page 15.
  4. "Der "Anschluss" Österreichs 1938" [The annexation of Austria 1938]. dhm.de (in German). Deutsches Historisches Museum. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
  5. "The Organization of the Nazi Party & State". nizkor.org. The Nizkor Project. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
  6. "Übersicht der NSDAP-Gaue, der Gauleiter und der Stellvertretenden Gauleiter zwischen 1933 und 1945" [Overview of Nazi Gaue, the Gauleiter and assistant Gauleiter from 1933 to 1945]. zukunft-braucht-erinnerung.de (in German). Zukunft braucht Erinnerung. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
  7. "Reichsgau Kärnten". verwaltungsgeschichte.de (in German). Retrieved 24 March 2016.

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