Military ranks of Tajikistan

The Military ranks of Tajikistan are the military insignia used by the Armed Forces of the Republic of Tajikistan. Being a former member of Soviet Union, Tajikistan shares a rank structure similar to that of Russia. Since 2018, the State Language Committee of Tajikistan operated a working group that sought to replace the Russian military ranks with pure Tajik/Persian terms. An example of this would be the rank of Colonel, which is currently "Полковник/Polkovnik" would be changed to "Сарлашкар/Sarlashkar".[1] Tajikistan is a landlocked country, and does therefore not possess a navy.

Commissioned officer ranks

The rank insignia of commissioned officers.

Rank group General / flag officers Senior officers Junior officers Officer cadet
 Tajik Ground Forces[2]
Генерали артиш
Generali artish		 Генерал-полковник
General-polkovnik		 Генерал-лейтенант
General-leytenant		 Генерал-майор
General-mayor		 Полковник
Polkovnik		 Подполковник
Podpolkovnik		 Майор
Mayor		 Капитан
Kapitan		 Лейтенанти калон
Leytenanti kalon		 Лейтенант
Leytenant		 Лейтенанти хурд
Leytenanti xurd		 Курсант
Kursant
 Tajik Air Force[2]
Генерал-полковник
General-polkovnik		 Генерал-лейтенант
General-leytenant		 Генерал-майор
General-mayor		 Полковник
Polkovnik		 Подполковник
Podpolkovnik		 Майор
Mayor		 Капитан
Kapitan		 Лейтенанти калон
Leytenanti kalon		 Лейтенант
Leytenant		 Лейтенанти хурд
Leytenanti xurd		 Курсант
Kursant
Rank group General / flag officers Senior officers Junior officers Officer cadet

Other ranks

The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.

Rank group Senior NCOs Junior NCOs Enlisted
 Tajik Ground Forces[2]
Прапоршики калон
Praporshiki kalon		 Прапоршик
Praporshik		 Старшина
Starshyna		 Сержанти калон
Serzhanti kalon		 Сержант
Serzhant		 Сержанти хурд
Serzhanti xurd		 Ефрейтор
Efreytor		 Қаторӣ
Qatorī
 Tajik Air Force[2]
Прапоршики калон
Praporshiki kalon		 Прапоршик
Praporshik		 Старшина
Starshyna		 Сержанти калон
Serzhanti kalon		 Сержант
Serzhant		 Сержанти хурд
Serzhanti xurd		 Ефрейтор
Efreytor		 Қаторӣ
Qatorī
Rank group Senior NCOs Junior NCOs Enlisted

Name change

Guided by the principles of historicism, continuity, unification and standardization of military terminology between Persian-speaking states, the Committee on Language and Terminology, in 2018, invited the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Tajikistan to adopt the names of formations from the Iranian Armed Forces and restore the historical names of units as follows:[3]

Based on the fact that in the Persian-Tajik language military ranks traditionally come from the names of units and formations, the following military rank system for the Tajik Armed Forces was proposed:[3]

Proposed Tajik names of military units and ranks[4]
Units meaning and etymology Ranks meaning and etymology
English
names		 Tajik
names		 British Army Proposed Tajik
Private Sarbāz lit. 'risking one's head'[5] (from sar "head" + bāz "to lose, to let go")
Lance corporal Razmyōz lit. 'inspiring to fight' < razm-yōz (from razm "combat" < *razma- "formation" < *raźman- "order of battle" + yōz < *i̯auź- : i̯uź- "stimulate; stir up; seeker"[6])
Squad Rada radag is a Middle Persian term (from ratak- "line, rank, row" < Proto-Iranic *rata-ka- "row"[7]) denoting military units originally consisting of 10 men in the Parthian and Sasanian armies Corporal Razmāvar lit. 'leading into battle' (from razm + -āvar : -var "to lead" < *bara- "leader" < √*bar- "to lead"[7])
Sergeant Razmdār lit. 'holder of the battle formation' (from razm + dār < dār < *dār(a)- < Proto-Iranic *dārai̯a- "to hold"[7])
Staff Sergeant Razmārā lit. 'who arrays troops; experienced in warfare;[5] adorning the battle-field, an accomplished warrior[6]' (from razm + ārāy- "to equip (army), to arrange; put in order" < *ā-rāda- < √*rād-[7])
Sergeant First Class Razmāzmā lit. 'skilled or accomplished in warfare;[5] skilled in war, war-like[6]' (from razm + āzmāy "to measure, to test" < Middle Persian: uzmāy- < *uz-māya- < √*māy- [7])
Warrant officer class 2 Razmpardāz lit. 'who prepares the soldiers for battle' (from razm + pardāz "to prepare, to arrange" < *para-tāča- < √*tak- "to run; to attack"[7])
Warrant officer class 1 Razmsāz lit. 'intent on combat; putting in battle array'[6] (from razm + sāz < sāč- : sāxtan "to make, to prepare, to arrange" < *sāča- < √*sak- "to be ready, to be able"[7])
Platoon Tahm taḥm is a Middle Persian term (from taḥmīh "force" < *taxma- < √*tak-[7]) denoting military units originally consisting of 50 — 100 men in the Parthian and Sasanian armies Third lieutenant Tahmāvar lit. 'chief of a tahm; platoon commander' (from tahm + -āvar : -var[7])
Second lieutenant Tahmdār taḥmdār is a Parthian term (from taḥm + dār lit. 'commander of a taḥm' in the Parthian army), which probable is a calque from the Ταγματάρχης which means "commander of a tagma"[8]
First lieutenant Tahmārā lit. 'who arrays or marshals troops; platoon commander' (from tahm + ārāy-[7])
Company Vašt wašt is a Middle Persian term (from wast meaning one hundred) denoting military units originally consisting of 100 men in the Parthian and Sasanian armies Captain Sarvān lit. 'chief;[6] captain[9]' (from sar "head, chief" + -vān < -bān < pāna- "keeper, guard" < *√pā- "to protect"[7])
Battalion Gordān lit. 'battalion'[9] (plural of gord "hero" < gurd < Proto-Iranic vr̥ta- < √*vr̥t- : *vart- "to protect; to resist"[7]) Major Sargord lit. 'major'[9] (from sar "head, chief" + gord "commander of a group of troops"[7])
Lieutenant colonel Sarhangyār lit. 'deputy of the colonel' (from sarhang "colonel" + -yār "assistant, deputy")
Regiment Hang lit. 'regiment'[9] (from hang "strength, power" < *√θang- "to draw; to pull"[7]) Colonel Sarhang lit. 'colonel'[9] (from sarhang < sar + hang "commander of the regiment"[7])
Brigade Gond gund is a Parthian term (from *vr̥nda- "army, troop"[7])) denoting a major tactical military formation in the Parthian and Sasanian armies Brigadier general Gond-sālār lit. 'general of brigade' gund-sālār is a Parthian term (from gund "army, troop" + sālār "general" < sarδār < *sara-dāra- "leader"[7]) denoting a commander of major tactical military formation in the Parthian and Sasanian armies
Division Laškar lit. 'division'[9] (from laškar < *raxša-kara- "guardian" < Proto-Iranic *raxš- + *kar- "guard"[7]) Major general Laškar-sālār lit. 'divisional general' (from laškar "division" + sālār "general")
Corps Sipāh lit. 'corps'[9] (from spāh < spāda- < Proto-Iranic *spāda- «army»[7]) Lieutenant general Sipah-sālār lit. 'army corps general' (from spāh-sālār "commander-in chief of an army"[9])
Army Arteš lit. 'army'[9] (from artēštārīh "warriorhood" < artēštār "warrior" < raθaē-štar- "a charioteer"[7]) General Arteš-sālār lit. 'army general' (from artēštārān-sālār "chief of the warriors"[10])

The proposed system of Tajik military ranks sent to the National Security Council of Tajikistan.[3]

References
  1. "Kapitan's Last Stand? Tajik Army Sticks with Russian Terms for Now".
  2. "ҚОНУНИ ҶУМҲУРИИ ТОҶИКИСТОН ДАР БОРАИ ЎҲДАДОРИИ УМУМИИ ҲАРБӢ ВА ХИЗМАТИ ҲАРБӢ". majmilli.tj (in Tajik). The National Assembly of the Republic of Tajikistan. 13 April 2017. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  3. Nadirov, Bahmanyor (10 November 2018). "Умед Джайхани: В национальной армии и терминология должна быть максимально национальной" (in Russian). Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  4. "Умед Ҷайҳонӣ: Агар раисҷумҳур тасмим гираду дастур диҳад, рутбаҳои низомӣ бечунучаро миллӣ мешаванд". Archived from the original on 2022-11-05. Retrieved 2022-08-02.
  5. Hayyim, Sulayman. New Persian-English dictionary, complete and modern, designed to give the English meanings of over 50,000 words, terms, idioms, and proverbs in the Persian language, as well as the transliteration of the words in English characters. Together with a sufficient treatment of all the grammatical features of the Persian Language. [Teheran, Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim, 1934-1936.
  6. Steingass, Francis Joseph. A Comprehensive Persian-English dictionary, including the Arabic words and phrases to be met with in Persian literature. London: Routledge & K. Paul, 1892.
  7. Hasandūst, Muhammad. An Etymological Dictionary of Persian Language. Tehran: Academy of Persian Language and Literature, 1393. ISBN 978-600-6143-57-6.
  8. Лившиц В. А. Парфянская ономастика. – СПб.: - Петербургское лингвистическое общество, 2010. – 400 с., ил. – (Азиатика). ISBN 978-5-4318-0006-1.
  9. Алиев Г. Г. Персидско-русский и русско-персидский военный словарь. Москва: Воениздат, 1972.
  10. "W. Sundermann. ARTĒŠTĀRĀN SĀLĀR, Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. II, Fasc. 6, p. 662". Archived from the original on 2020-11-18. Retrieved 2018-08-03.
  • "Tajikistan". uniforminsignia.org. The International Encyclopedia of Uniform Insignia. Retrieved 29 May 2022.
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