Auckland Airport Line

The Auckland Airport Line was a proposed heavy rail line in Auckland, New Zealand, that would have linked Auckland Airport with the Auckland central business district via central isthmus suburbs.

Current lines and active projects on the Auckland rail network as of October 2023. The Onehunga Branch is the section of the Onehunga Line between Penrose and Onehunga

As of 2022, the plan is to implement the connection via a new light rail line.

History

The main barrier to a rail link was the crossing of the Manukau Harbour between Onehunga and the suburb Māngere Bridge. Transit New Zealand announced in 2007 that a new motorway bridge duplicating, and alongside, the existing 1983 Māngere Bridge would be designed to accommodate a rail link.[1] In September 2007, Auckland Regional Transport Authority announced that it was willing to pay Transit $2.5 million to "future-proof" the duplication of the bridge in order "to accommodate a passenger rail connection".

The duplication of the bridge was completed in 2010.[2] The new bridge can technically accommodate a rail link, however this is a curved, single-track alignment with a design speed of 20 km/h. The successor to Transit New Zealand, NZ Transport Agency, provided for a rail corridor near the motorway as far as Walmsley Road. The proposed heavy rail line was the most popular with the public of the three Auckland rail proposals of Mayor Len Brown, although the number of trains would be limited without the City Rail Link to Britomart Transport Centre.[3] Brown had promised a rail link to the Airport during his 2010 election campaign as part of a package of measures to double public transport patronage within 15 years.[4]

The official name for the airport link in the Long-term Plan 2012–2022 is the South Western Airport Multi Modal Corridor Project.[5]

The Airport rail link planning study commenced in 2010.[6]

The Auckland Airport company asked for a decision by mid-2016 whether a rail or bus station would be needed at the airport, as it was planning a new domestic terminal, with construction to start in 2021.[7]

Escalating costs (estimated at $1.63b) for the heavy rail line to the Airport prompted some to raise the possibility of the route being served by light rail between Onehunga and the airport as an alternative to heavy rail. This option would make use of existing infrastructure where possible to reduce expenses and would involve an interchange with the existing heavy rail services at Onehunga.[8]

The line was initially conceived as an extension of the Onehunga Branch line over the Māngere Bridge and via the suburbs of Māngere Bridge and Māngere. However the 2016 study identified this as an expensive option:

  • the need to double-track the branch line for high train frequencies[9]: 66 
  • the high cost of grade-separating and closing level crossings on the branch line versus the less expensive but much less safe option of no grade-separation with barriers and pedestrian gates[9]: 67 
  • the extent of viaducts and tunnelling required for an underground terminus under the airport terminal, with a decision needing to be made in time for the airport to begin construction of a new domestic terminal[9]: 69 

These made an extension of Auckland's heavy rail network an expensive option. This heavy rail option would add three new stations (at Māngere Bridge, Māngere and the airport terminal) and require airport trains to run via the already-congested tracks and junctions of the inner Southern Line.

The heavy rail option would result in a journey time of 39 minutes from the airport to Britomart Transport Centre in Auckland CBD, at an estimated cost of NZ$2.2 billion.[10]

Light rail
Main article: City Centre–Māngere Line

The choice of mode and alignment for the Airport Line remained contentious. In the 2017 general election campaign, promises of light rail to the airport were made by the Labour Party, which established the Sixth Labour Government with a coalition agreement.[11][12][13] One coalition partner, the Green Party, also favoured light rail although the other partner, New Zealand First, favoured the earlier heavy rail scheme.[14] The previous (National Party) government said that light rail would be eventually required, but would not happen for thirty years.[15]

On 28 January 2022, Transport Minister Michael Wood announced that the New Zealand Government has approved a NZ$14.6 billion project to establish a partially tunnelled light rail network between Auckland Airport and the Wynyard Quarter via the Auckland CBD. While the Green Party's Ricardo Menéndez welcomed the planned rail link, the ACT Party's transport spokesperson Simon Court claimed the project would be wasteful in terms of tax revenue.[16][17]

References
  1. Dearnaley, Mathew (9 February 2007). "Transit opens door to cross-harbour rail link to airport". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 3 December 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
  2. "Mangere Bridge opened today". The New Zealand Herald. 25 July 2010. Archived from the original on 29 August 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  3. Dearnaley, Mathew (7 September 2007). "Stuck in traffic". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
  4. Orsman, Bernard (31 August 2009). "Brown vows he'll unite not divide". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 4 August 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
    • "Long Term Plan". Auckland City Council. 29 June 2014. Archived from the original on 24 January 2015. Retrieved 28 June 2014.
  7. "Why trams to Auckland Airport are bad idea". New Zealand Herald (Editorial). 5 January 2016. Archived from the original on 6 January 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  8. Dearnaley, Mathew (17 November 2014). "Costs spark new look at trams to airport". New Zealand Herald. Auckland: APN New Zealand. Archived from the original on 17 November 2014. Retrieved 17 November 2014.
  9. "South-western Multi-modal Airport Rapid Transit (SMART) – Draft Indicative Business Case" (PDF). Jacobs New Zealand. 2016. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 January 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018 – via Auckland Transport.
  10. "Airport and Mangere rail". Auckland Transport. Archived from the original on 30 January 2018. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
  11. "Jacinda Ardern promises light rail to Auckland Airport". Stuff (Fairfax). 6 August 2017. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  12. "How rail lines to Auckland Airport would work". The New Zealand Herald. 9 August 2017. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  13. "Labour plans regional fuel tax to fund trams to Auckland Airport ..." The New Zealand Herald. 26 October 2017. Archived from the original on 2 November 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  14. "Winston Peters wants heavy rail to the airport". The New Zealand Herald. 14 August 2017. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  15. "Light rail but not for 30 years". The New Zealand Herald. 24 March 2017. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  16. Small, Zane (28 January 2022). "$14 billion Auckland light rail bid gets green light, decision on second Waitemata Harbour crossing on 2023". Newshub. Archived from the original on 29 January 2022. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
  17. "Auckland light rail tunnel to run to Mt Roskill before following SH20 to the airport". Radio New Zealand. 29 January 2022. Archived from the original on 28 January 2022. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
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