2025 in spaceflight

This article documents expected notable spaceflight events during the year 2025.

2025 in spaceflight
The Artemis III mission is scheduled to carry astronauts to the lunar south pole in 2025.

In 2025, NASA's Artemis Program is expected to launch the Artemis III mission, which will land astronauts near the south pole of the Moon. It is expected to be the first mission to land humans on the Moon since 1972.

NASA plans to launch the first two components of the Lunar Gateway,[1] a key part of its efforts to return to the Moon and a stepping stone for crewed missions to Mars in the 2030s.[2]

The first uncrewed flight of Orel, Russia's replacement for the crewed Soyuz spacecraft, is scheduled for 2025. Russia also plans to launch the Spektr-UV (World Space Observatory-Ultraviolet), a space telescope that will be developed by multiple nations.

ESA plans to conduct an orbital test flight of the Space Rider uncrewed spaceplane in the third quarter of the year.[3]

The first Indian crewed spaceflight, Gaganyaan 3, is planned for 2025.[4]

China plans to launch the Tianwen-2 (ZhengHe) asteroid sample-return and comet probe[5] and the Chang'e 6 sample-return mission.[6]

As of 2021, the mission of the Juno spacecraft orbiting Jupiter is targeted to end no later than September 2025. NASA has stated that the mission could end sooner depending on potential damage from the system's radiation belts during fly-bys of Europa in 2022, and Io in 2023 and 2024.[7][8]

Orbital launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January

January (TBD)[9][10] United States Electron New Zealand Mahia LC-1 United States Rocket Lab
United States Photon relay satellite Rocket Lab Heliocentric to Venus Venus flyby 
United States Venus Life Finder probe[12] MIT / Rocket Lab Heliocentric to Venus Venus entry probe 
The Venus Life Finder atmospheric-entry probe will search for phosphine and other potential biosignatures for life on Venus.[13] First of three MIT missions to Venus.
January (TBD)[14][15] United States TBA United States Vandenberg United States TBA
United States OSAM-1 NASA Low Earth (SSO) Satellite servicing 
Formerly known as Restore-L, the first On-Orbit Servicing, Assembly and Manufacturing (OSAM-1) mission will rendezvous with Landsat 7 and refuel it. OSAM-1 will also host the Space Infrastructure Dexterous Robot (SPIDER) and demonstrate satellite servicing technologies.[16][17][18]
January (TBD)[19] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Transport Layer Tranche 1 × 21 SDA Low Earth (SSO) Military communications 
Fifth of six launches for the Space Development Agency's Transport Layer Tranche 1(Tranche 1E Mission).

February

1 February[14][20] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United States IMAP NASA Sun–Earth L1 Heliophysics 
United States GLIDE NASA Sun–Earth L1 Exosphere research 
United States Solar Cruiser NASA Sun–Earth L1 Technology demonstration 
United States SWFO-L1 NOAA Sun–Earth L1 Space weather 
Part of the Solar Terrestrial Probes program. Under NASA's SMD Rideshare Initiative, multiple secondary spacecraft will be launched along with IMAP to the Sun–Earth L1 point.[21]
February (TBD)[22] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA 
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to Sun-synchronous orbit, designated Transporter-13.
February (TBD)[23] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
TBA TBA Low Earth TBA 
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to a 45-degree mid-inclination orbit, designated Bandwagon-3.
February (TBD)[19] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Transport Layer Tranche 1 × 21 SDA Low Earth (SSO) Military communications 
Last of six launches for the Space Development Agency's Transport Layer Tranche 1(Tranche 1F Mission).

March

Q1 (TBD)[24] Europe Ariane 62 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Europe Metop-SG A1[26] EUMETSAT Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology 
First of six MetOp-SG launches.[27]
Q1 (TBD)[28][29] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United States MRV-1 Northrop Grumman / DARPA Geosynchronous Satellite servicing 
United States MEP × 3 Northrop Grumman Geosynchronous Satellite servicing 
The Mission Robotic Vehicle (MRV) will carry DARPA's Robotic Servicing of Geosynchronous Spacecraft (RSGS) Robotic Payload.[30] It will install three propulsion jet packs, referred to as Mission Extension Pods (MEP), on satellites that are nearing the end of their operational lifespans. Two of the three MEPs will be installed on Optus D3 and an Intelsat satellite in 2025 and 2026, respectively.[29]
Q1 (TBD)[31][32] Russia Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Kanopus-VO №2 Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
Q1 (TBD)[33] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
TBA TBA Low Earth TBA 
Small Satellites Mission Service (SSMS) #9 rideshare mission.

April

April (TBD)[34] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
First of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
April (TBD)[35] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
United States SPHEREx NASA Low Earth (SSO) Near-infrared astronomy 
United States PUNCH NASA Low Earth (SSO) Heliophysics 
April (TBD)[36] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States TRACERS NASA Low Earth (SSO) Magnetospheric research 
TRACERS is part of NASA's Small Explorers program, with a launch readiness date of 13 April 2025.[37]
April (TBD)[38] United States Rocket 4 United States TBA United States Astra Space
United States TBA U.S. Space Force TBA TBA 
STP-S29B mission.

May

May (TBD)[23] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
TBA TBA Low Earth TBA 
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to a 45-degree mid-inclination orbit, designated Bandwagon-4.
May (TBD)[5] China Long March 3B China Xichang China CASC
China Tianwen-2 CNSA Heliocentric Asteroid sample-return
Comet orbiter
 
Formerly known as ZhengHe.
May (TBD)[39] United States Minotaur IV United States TBA United States Northrop Grumman
United States EWS OD-1 U.S. Space Force Low Earth Technology demonstration 
USSF-261S-A mission.
May (TBD)[40][41] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
China Europe SMILE CAS / ESA Highly elliptical Earth observation 
May (TBD)[42][43] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States Tracking Layer Tranche 1 × 7 SDA Low Earth Missile tracking 
First of four launches for the Space Development Agency's Tracking Layer Tranche 1.

June

June (TBD)[44] United States Antares 330 United States MARS LP-0A United States Northrop Grumman
United States Cygnus NG-23 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 
First flight of the Antares 330 variant.
June (TBD)[42][43] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States Tracking Layer Tranche 1 × 7 SDA Low Earth Missile tracking 
Second of four launches for the Space Development Agency's Tracking Layer Tranche 1.
June (TBD)[45] Europe TBA France Kourou France Arianespace
Europe ESP-MACCS / CubeMAP × 3 ESA Low Earth (SSO) Atmospheric research 
First mission of the ESA Scout program.
Q2 (TBD)[34] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Second of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
Q2 (TBD)[34] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Third of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
Q2 (TBD)[22] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA 
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit, designated Transporter-14.
Q2 (TBD)[33] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA 
SSMS #7 rideshare mission.
Mid 2025 (TBD)[46] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Europe ALTIUS ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
Europe FLEX ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
FLEX is the eighth Earth Explorer of the Living Planet Programme.
H1 2025 (TBD)[47] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States TBA NASA TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander 
Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) mission delivering payloads to the Gruithuisen Domes.

July

July (TBD)[42][43] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States Tracking Layer Tranche 1 × 7 SDA Low Earth Missile tracking 
Third of four launches for the Space Development Agency's Tracking Layer Tranche 1.

August

August (TBD)[48] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Haven-1 Vast Low Earth Space habitat 
Single-module commercial space station.
August (TBD)[42][43] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States Tracking Layer Tranche 1 × 7 SDA Low Earth Missile tracking 
Last of four launches for the Space Development Agency's Tracking Layer Tranche 1.

September

Q3 (TBD)[3][49] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Europe Space Rider ESA Low Earth Flight test 
First test flight of ESA's Space Rider uncrewed spaceplane.
Q3 (TBD)[33] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA 
SSMS #13 rideshare mission.

October

November

November (TBD)[50][51] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
Taiwan FORMOSAT-8B NSPO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
November (TBD)[52] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
United States Europe Sentinel-6B NASA / NOAA / EUMETSAT / ESA Low Earth Earth observation 
November (TBD)[53] United States Falcon Heavy United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States Power and Propulsion Element (PPE) NASA Selenocentric (NRHO) Lunar Gateway component 
United States Habitation and Logistics Outpost (HALO) NASA Selenocentric (NRHO) Lunar Gateway component 
First two Lunar Gateway modules. NASA originally intended to launch them on two separate Falcon Heavies,[1] but later switched to a single Falcon Heavy launch to reduce risk.
November (TBD)[54] India PSLV India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India Oceansat-3A[56] ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Oceanography 
November (TBD)[54] India PSLV India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India Resourcesat-3 ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
November (TBD)[57][58] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Italy United States PLATiNO-2 / MAIA ASI / JPL Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
MAIA is a hosted instrument on the PLATiNO-2 satellite.

December

24 December[59][60] Russia Irtysh / DM-SLB Russia Baikonur Site 45 Russia Roscosmos
Russia Dummy satellite Roscosmos Low Earth Flight test 
First launch of Irtysh, also known as Soyuz-5. A dummy payload matching a future satellite in weight and size will be launched.
December (TBD)[61] United States SLS Block 1 United States Kennedy LC-39B United States NASA
United States Artemis 3 NASA Selenocentric Crewed lunar landing 
Australia TBD[63] Australian Space Agency TLI to lunar surface Lunar rover 
Second crewed Orion flight and first crewed lunar landing since Apollo 17 in 1972. Mission may be delayed to 2026.
December (TBD)[64][65] TBA TBA TBA
South Korea CAS500-5 KARI / Ministry of Science and ICT / Ministry of Environment Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
Fifth CAS500 satellite, dedicated to observation of water resources.[66]
Q4 (TBD)[24] Europe Ariane 62 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Europe Metop-SG B1[68] EUMETSAT Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology 
Second of six MetOp-SG launches.[27]
Q4 (TBD)[22] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA 
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit, designated Transporter-15.
Q4 (TBD)[69] United States New Glenn United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States Axiom Hab One (AxH1) Axiom Space Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly / Space habitat 
First Axiom Orbital Segment module to be launched, nominally on New Glenn (with Falcon Heavy as backup).[70]
Q4 (TBD)[71][72] Germany SL1 Sweden Esrange Germany HyImpulse
United States Reentry capsule[72] In Orbit Aerospace Low Earth Technology demonstration 
Maiden flight of HyImpulse's SL1. HyImpulse is a spinoff of DLR.[73]
Q4 (TBD)[24][74] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Europe CO2M-A (Sentinel-7A)[76] ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
First satellite of the Copernicus Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Monitoring mission.[77] Part of the European Space Agency's Copernicus Programme.
Q4 (TBD)[78] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Italy IRIDE × ? ASI Low Earth Earth observation 
First launch for the Italian IRIDE satellite constellation.
Q4 (TBD)[78] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Italy IRIDE × ? ASI Low Earth Earth observation 
Second launch for the Italian IRIDE satellite constellation.
Q4 (TBD)[79] Russia TBA Russia TBA Russia Roscosmos
Russia Ekspress-RV1 RSCC Highly elliptical Communications 
First satellite of the Ekspress-RV constellation. Ekspress-RV will cover Russia's Far North, which is inaccessible to the main Ekspress constellation in geosynchronous orbit.[80][81]
Q4 (TBD)[82] United States TBA United States Cape Canaveral United States TBA
United States GPS III-09 Onizuka U.S. Space Force Medium Earth Navigation 
Named after NASA astronaut Ellison Onizuka.
Q4 (TBD)[69][83] TBA TBA TBA
United Kingdom SEE-1 Space Entertainment Enterprise Low Earth (ISS) Commercial space habitat 
Future inflatable space habitat docked to the Axiom Orbital Segment at the ISS. Advertised as the world's first dedicated studio in space.
Q4 (TBD)[47] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States TBA NASA TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander 
CLPS mission delivering payloads to the lunar south pole. ESA's Package for Resource Observation and in-Situ Prospecting for Exploration, Commercial exploitation, and Transportation (PROSPECT) payload will fly on this mission.

To be determined

2025 (TBD)[84][85] Russia Angara A5 / DM-03[86] Russia Plesetsk Russia Roscosmos
Russia Luch-5M 1[88] Gonets Satellite System Geosynchronous Communications 
2025 (TBD)[89] Europe Ariane 62 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Europe Galileo FOC FM33 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 
Europe Galileo FOC FM34 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 
Final batch of first generation Galileo-FOC satellites.
2025 (TBD)[90] Europe Ariane 64 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
United States Intelsat 41 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications 
United States Intelsat 44 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications 
2025 (TBD)[91][92] Ukraine Cyclone-4M Canada Spaceport Nova Scotia Canada MLS
Canada TBA GALAXIA Mission Systems Low Earth Ship tracking 
First Cyclone-4M launch.
2025 (TBD)[93] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United States Globalstar M104–120[95] Globalstar Low Earth Communications 
Launch of 17 satellites for Globalstar's third-generation constellation.
H2 2025 (TBD)[34] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Fourth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
H2 2025 (TBD)[34] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Fifth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
H2 2025 (TBD)[34] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Sixth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
H2 2025 (TBD)[34] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Seventh of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
H2 2025 (TBD)[34] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications 
Eighth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
2025 (TBD)[96] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United Kingdom Skynet 6A Airbus Defence and Space / UK Ministry of Defence Geosynchronous Military communications 
2025 (TBD)[97] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
Spain SpainSat NG II Hisdesat Geosynchronous Communications 
2025 (TBD)[48] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Vast-1 Vast Low Earth (Haven-1) Private spaceflight 
First crewed mission to Vast's Haven-1 commercial space station.
2025 (TBD)[4] India HLVM 3 India Satish Dhawan SLP India ISRO
India Gaganyaan 3 ISRO Low Earth Crewed spaceflight 
India's first crewed spaceflight.
2025 (TBD)[98] Japan H3 Japan Tanegashima LA-Y2 Japan MHI
Japan IGS-Optical Diversification 1 CIRO Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 
First of a new generation of IGS-Optical satellites.
2025 (TBD)[98] Japan H3 Japan Tanegashima LA-Y2 Japan MHI
Japan IGS-Optical 9 CIRO Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 
2025 (TBD)[99] Japan H3 Japan Tanegashima LA-Y2 Japan MHI
Japan India LUPEX JAXA / ISRO TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander 
Lunar Polar Exploration (LUPEX) mission.
2025 (TBD)[100] China Long March 3B China TBA China CASC
China Asteroid impactor CNSA Heliocentric Asteroid redirect test 
China Asteroid orbiter CNSA Heliocentric Asteroid flyby 
Planetary defense mission, targeting 2019 VL5.
2025 (TBD)[101] China Long March 3B/E (?) China Xichang or Wenchang China CASC
China Fengyun 4C[103] CMA Geosynchronous Meteorology 
2025 (TBD)[104] China Long March 4B China Jiuquan SLS-2 China CASC
China HaiYang 2G[107][108] Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth Earth observation 
2025 (TBD)[104] China Long March TBA China TBA China CASC
China HaiYang 3D[110] Ministry of Natural Resources Geosynchronous Earth observation 
2025 (TBD)[111] United Kingdom Hera II United Kingdom Boeing C-17 Globemaster III, Prestwick Spaceport United Kingdom Astraius
United States Lemur-2 × ?[113] Spire Global Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
Maiden flight of Astraius's Hera II launch vehicle.[114]
H2 2025 (TBD)[115] Europe Maia France Kourou Europe MaiaSpace
TBA TBA Low Earth TBA 
Maiden flight of Maia.
2025 (TBD)[116] United States MLV United States MARS LP-0A United States Firefly
United States Firefly Low Earth Flight test 
Maiden flight of Firefly's Medium Launch Vehicle (MLV), previously known as Firefly Beta.
2025 (TBD)[54] India PSLV India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
France India TRISHNA CNES / ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
Third collaborative satellite mission between France and India.
2025 (TBD)[117][118] Germany RFA One Norway Andøya Germany RFA
Spain E.T.PACK SENER Aeroespacial / UC3M Low Earth Electrodynamic tether demonstration 
2025 (TBD)[119] Germany RFA One Norway Andøya Germany RFA
Luxembourg TBA LuxSpace Low Earth TBA 
Dedicated launch contract for LuxSpace.
2025 (TBD)[120] Germany SL1 Sweden Esrange Germany HyImpulse
Italy ION Satellite Carrier D-Orbit Low Earth (SSO) CubeSat deployer 
2025 (TBD)[121] Russia Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Kondor-FKA-M №1[123] Roscosmos Low Earth Reconnaissance 
2025 (TBD)[124] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat Kazakhstan Baikonur Russia Roscosmos
Russia Arktika-M №3[126] Roscosmos Molniya Meteorology 
2025 (TBD)[127] Russia Soyuz-2.1b Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Gonets-M Gonets Satellite System Low Earth Communications 
Russia Gonets-M Gonets Satellite System Low Earth Communications 
Russia Gonets-M Gonets Satellite System Low Earth Communications 
Russia BLITS-M2 × 2 Roscosmos Medium Earth Laser ranging 
Russia GLASS × 2 Roscosmos Medium Earth Laser ranging 
2025 (TBD)[128] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Meteor-M №2-6[130] Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology 
2025 (TBD)[131] Russia Soyuz-2.1b Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Resurs-PM №2[133] Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
2025 (TBD)[134] Russia Soyuz-2 Russia TBA Russia Roscosmos
Russia SR NET №1 SR Space Low Earth (SSO) Communication 
2025 (TBD)[135] Russia Soyuz-6 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 Russia Roscosmos
Russia TBA Roscosmos Low Earth Flight test 
First flight of the Soyuz-6.
2025 (TBD)[136][137] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
France United Kingdom MicroCarb[139] CNES / UKSA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
2025 (TBD)[140][141] Europe Vega-C[142] France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Italy Israel SHALOM ASI / ISA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
2025 (TBD)[143] Brazil VLM Brazil Alcântara Space Center Brazil DCTA
Brazil DCTA Low Earth Flight Test 
Maiden flight of VLM.
2025 (TBD)[144] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States PTS-P Northrop Grumman Geosynchronous Technology demonstration 
On-orbit demonstration mission for the U.S. Space Force's Protected Tactical Satcom (PTS) program.
2025 (TBD)[145] Japan Zero Japan Taiki Spaceport Japan Interstellar Technologies
TBA TBA Low Earth TBA 
Maiden flight of the Zero orbital launch vehicle.
2025 (TBD)[146] TBA TBA TBA
Israel Beresheet 2 orbiter SpaceIL / ISA Selenocentric Lunar orbiter 
Israel Beresheet 2 lander 1 SpaceIL / ISA Selenocentric to lunar surface Lunar lander 
Israel Beresheet 2 lander 2 SpaceIL / ISA Selenocentric to lunar surface Lunar lander 
2025 (TBD)[147][148] TBA TBA TBA
Taiwan Beyond 5G NSPO / ITRI Low Earth Communications 
2025 (TBD)[149] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States COSI NASA Low Earth Gamma-ray astronomy 
Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI). Part of NASA's Small Explorers program.
2025 (TBD)[80][150] Russia TBA Kazakhstan Baikonur or Russia Vostochny Russia Roscosmos
Russia Ekspress-AMU5 RSCC Geosynchronous Communications 
2025 (TBD)[151] TBA TBA TBA
Japan ELSA-m Astroscale Low Earth Space debris removal
Technology demonstration
 
Aims to capture and de-orbit a defunct OneWeb satellite.
2025 (TBD)[152][153] United States TBA United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
South Korea Koreasat 6A KT SAT Geosynchronous Communications 
Replacement for Koreasat 6.
2025 (TBD)[154] TBA TBA TBA
Europe Israel LSAS lander OHB / IAI Selenocentric Lunar lander 
TBA TBA Geosynchronous Communications 
First mission under the Lunar Surface Access Service (LSAS) program, a joint initiative between OHB and IAI. Will rideshare alongside a commercial geostationary satellite.[155]
2025 (TBD)[156] TBA TBA TBA
Philippines MULA PhilSA / UP Diliman / DOST-ASTI Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 
H2 2025 (TBD)[157] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States OPIR-1 U.S. Space Force Geosynchronous Early warning 
First satellite of the Overhead Persistent Infrared (OPIR) constellation, follow-up of SBIRS.
H2 2025 (TBD)[158] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States SBN-1 × 6 Saturn Satellite Networks Geosynchronous Communications 
Space Broadband Networks-1 (SBN-1).

Suborbital flights

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks
21 January[159] Canada Black Brant IX United States Poker Flat Research Range United States NASA
United States OGRE Penn State University Suborbital X-ray astronomy 
Off-Plane Grating Rocket Experiment (OGRE).
21 January[159] Canada Black Brant IX United States Poker Flat Research Range United States NASA
United States AURORA (BADAS) Goddard Space Flight Center Suborbital  
Black and Diffuse Aurora Science Surveyor (BADAS).
22 January[159] United States Terrier Oriole United States Wallops Flight Facility United States NASA
United States ASPIRE 2 JPL Suborbital Technology demonstration 
January (TBD)[160] United States Improved Malemute Sweden Esrange TBA
Sweden ORIGIN[161] KTH Suborbital Nightglow observation 
First flight of the ORIGIN launch campaign.
January (TBD)[160] United States Improved Malemute Sweden Esrange TBA
Sweden ORIGIN[161] KTH Suborbital Nightglow observation 
Second flight of the ORIGIN launch campaign.
5 February[159] Canada Black Brant IX United States Poker Flat Research Range United States NASA
United States GIRAFF Goddard Space Flight Center Suborbital Auroral electrodynamics 
First of two launches for the Ground Imaging to Rocket investigation of Auroral Fast Features (GIRAFF) mission.
5 February[159] Canada Black Brant IX United States Poker Flat Research Range United States NASA
United States GIRAFF Goddard Space Flight Center Suborbital Auroral electrodynamics 
Second of two launches for the GIRAFF mission.
3 March[159] United States Terrier-Improved Malemute United States Poker Flat Research Range United States NASA
United States AWESOME University of Alaska Fairbanks Suborbital Auroral science 
First of three launches for the Auroral Waves Excited by Substorm Onset Magnetic Events (AWESOME) mission.
3 March[159] United States Terrier-Improved Malemute United States Poker Flat Research Range United States NASA
United States AWESOME University of Alaska Fairbanks Suborbital Auroral science 
Second of three launches for the AWESOME mission.
3 March[159] Canada Black Brant XII-A United States Poker Flat Research Range United States NASA
United States AWESOME University of Alaska Fairbanks Suborbital Auroral science 
Third of three launches for the AWESOME mission.
March (TBD)[160] United States Improved Orion Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA / Sweden SNSA
Germany Sweden REXUS-33 DLR / SNSA Suborbital Education 
March (TBD)[160] United States Improved Orion Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA / Sweden SNSA
Germany Sweden REXUS-34 DLR / SNSA Suborbital Education 
March (TBD)[160] Brazil VSB-30 Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA
Germany Europe TEXUS-61 DLR / ESA Suborbital Microgravity research 
March (TBD)[160] Brazil VSB-30 Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA
Germany Europe TEXUS-62 DLR / ESA Suborbital Microgravity research 
May (TBD)[160] Brazil VSB-30 S1X-5/M17 Sweden Esrange Sweden SSC
Sweden MASER-17 SSC Suborbital Microgravity research 
SubOrbital Express Microgravity flight opportunity 17.
September (TBD)[160] Brazil VSB-30 Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA
Germany MAPHEUS-16 DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 
1 October[159] Canada Black Brant IX United States Wallops Flight Facility United States NASA
United States MAV-FT 1 NASA / JPL Suborbital Flight test 
First of multiple Mars Ascent Vehicle Flight Tests (MAV-FT).
October (TBD)[160] Brazil VS-30 Sweden Esrange Sweden SSC
Sweden SYSTER[163] KTH Suborbital Thermospheric research 
October (TBD)[160] Brazil VSB-30 Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA
Germany MAIUS-4 ZARM Suborbital Matter wave interferometry 
Fourth payload launch for the QUANTUS IV - MAIUS project.[164]
24 November[159] Canada Terrier-Improved Malemute Norway Andøya United States NASA
United States GHOST University of Colorado Suborbital Education 
Grand CHallenge MesOsphere STudent Rocket.
November (TBD)[160] Brazil VSB-30 Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA
Germany Europe TEXUS-63 DLR / ESA Suborbital Microgravity research 

Deep-space rendezvous

Date (UTC) Spacecraft Event Remarks
9 January BepiColombo Sixth gravity assist at Mercury
20 April Lucy Flyby of asteroid 52246 Donaldjohanson Target altitude 922 km
31 August JUICE Gravity assist at Venus
5 December BepiColombo Hermocentric orbit insertion at Mercury

Extravehicular activities (EVAs)

Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Remarks

Orbital launch statistics

By country

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example, Soyuz launches by Arianespace in Kourou are counted under Russia because Soyuz-2 is a Russian rocket.

Country Launches Successes Failures Partial
failures
Remarks

By rocket

By family

Family Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By type

Rocket Country Family Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By configuration

Rocket Country Type Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By spaceport

Site Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By orbit

Orbital regime Launches Achieved Not achieved Accidentally
achieved
Remarks
Transatmospheric0000
Low Earth0000
Geosynchronous / transfer0000
Medium Earth0000
High Earth0000
Heliocentric orbit0000Including planetary transfer orbits

Expected maiden flights

Notes

    References

    1. Clark, Stephen (6 May 2020). "NASA plans to launch first two Gateway elements on same rocket". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
    2. Gebhardt, Chris (6 April 2017). "NASA finally sets goals, missions for SLS – eyes multi-step plan to Mars". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 19 September 2018.
    3. Richards, Bella (26 August 2023). "ESA's Space Rider likely to launch third quarter of 2025, program manager says". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
    4. Dutt, Anonna (9 April 2023). "Gaganyaan: From astronauts' training to tech upgrade, ISRO making leaps to meet 2025 target for manned mission". The Indian Express. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
    5. Jones, Andrew (26 June 2023). "China conducts parachute tests for asteroid sample return mission". SpaceNews. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
    6. China N' Asia Spaceflight [@CNSpaceflight] (24 November 2022). "Update:
      2024 Queqiao-2 data relay
      2025 Chang'e-6 lunar sample return from far side
      2026 Chang'e-7 lunar landing in south pole
      2028 Chang'e-8 basic model of lunar research station"
      (Tweet). Retrieved 25 November 2022 via Twitter.
    7. Talbert, Tricia (8 January 2021). "NASA Extends Exploration for Two Planetary Science Missions". NASA. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
    8. "NASA's Juno Mission Expands Into the Future". NASA.gov. 13 January 2021. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
    9. "Rocket Lab Probe". Venus Cloud Life. MIT. 7 March 2023. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
    10. "Venus Life Finder Mission Study" (PDF). Venus Cloud Life. MIT. 10 December 2021. pp. 15–23. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
    11. ""Newer, nimbler, faster:" Venus probe will search for signs of life in clouds of sulfuric acid". MIT. 10 December 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
    12. ""Newer, nimbler, faster:" Venus probe will search for signs of life in clouds of sulfuric acid". MIT. 10 December 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
    13. Smith, Marcia (3 June 2021). "NASA's Going to Venus — and So Is Peter Beck". Space Policy Online. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
    14. "SMSR Integrated Master Schedule" (PDF). Office of Safety and Mission Assurance. NASA. 7 June 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 14 June 2021.
    15. Werner, Debra (17 November 2020). "Maxar taps MDA for robotic satellite servicing technologies". SpaceNews. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
    16. "Satellite Servicing Projects Division – About OSAM-1". Goddard Space Flight Center. NASA. April 2020. Archived from the original on 3 July 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
    17. Kleiner, Kurt (24 February 2022). "Orbiting robots could help fix and fuel satellites in space". Knowable Magazine. doi:10.1146/knowable-022422-1. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
    18. Henshaw, Carl Glen; Glassner, Samantha; Naasz, Bo; Roberts, Brian (3 May 2022). "Grappling Spacecraft". Annual Review of Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems. doi:10.1146/annurev-control-042920-011106. ISSN 2573-5144. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
    19. Erwin, Sandra (28 February 2022). "Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, York Space selected to build DoD's internet-in-space constellation". SpaceNews. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
    20. Fox, Karen (11 December 2020). "NASA Adjusts IMAP Schedule to Accommodate COVID-19 Precautions". NASA. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
    21. "NASA Selects Heliophysics Missions of Opportunity for Space Science Research and Technology Demonstration". NASA (Press release). 3 December 2020. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
    22. "SpaceX Satellite Rideshare Program Available Flights". SpaceX. Retrieved 14 April 2023. Archived via Imgur on 14 April 2023.
    23. Foust, Jeff (10 August 2023). "SpaceX to offer mid-inclination smallsat rideshare launches". SpaceNews. Retrieved 17 September 2023.
    24. "Planned launches". EUMETSAT. 1 September 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    25. Krebs, Gunter (29 April 2022). "METOP-SG-A 1, 2, 3". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 7 May 2022.
    26. Krebs, Gunter (29 April 2022). "METOP-SG-A 1, 2, 3". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 7 May 2022.
    27. Henry, Caleb (11 September 2017). "Eumetsat launching two, possibly three Metop-SG satellites with Arianespace". SpaceNews. Retrieved 11 September 2019.
    28. Erwin, Sandra (20 June 2023). "Intelsat orders another servicing mission from Northrop Grumman's SpaceLogistics". SpaceNews. Retrieved 21 June 2023.
    29. Rainbow, Jason (14 April 2023). "SpaceLogistics to service Intelsat satellite after Optus life-extending mission". SpaceNews. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
    30. Erwin, Sandra (4 March 2020). "DARPA picks Northrop Grumman as its commercial partner for satellite servicing program". SpaceNews. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
    31. "Роскосмос планирует запустить спутники "Канопус-В"-О в 2024 и 2025 годах" [Roscosmos plans to launch Kanopus-VO satellites in 2024 and 2025]. TASS (in Russian). 28 April 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
    32. "Russia to accept new-generation satellite for service by 2025 to monitor natural disasters". TASS. 10 October 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
    33. "All flights opportunities". Arianespace. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
    34. Forrester, Chris (3 March 2023). "Rivada orders 12 launches with SpaceX". Advanced Television. Retrieved 4 March 2023.
    35. Interrante, Abbey (3 August 2022). "PUNCH Announces Rideshare with SPHEREx and New Launch Date". NASA. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
    36. Foust, Jeff (30 September 2023). "NASA selects SpaceX for rideshare launch of smallsat mission". SpaceNews. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
    37. "TRACERS". University of Iowa. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
    38. Erwin, Sandra (22 April 2023). "Astra wins $11.5 million contract to launch military experimental payloads". SpaceNews.com. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
    39. "Space Systems Command Awards $45.5M Launch Service Order to Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation for Prototype EWS Mission". Space Systems Command (Press release). 25 May 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
    40. "China Space International Cooperation:Future Plans and Prospects" (PDF). CNSA. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
    41. Jones, Andrew (20 February 2023). "ESA, China conduct spacecraft-rocket integration tests but joint science mission delayed to 2025". SpaceNews. Retrieved 21 February 2023.
    42. Werner, Debra (6 April 2022). "War in Ukraine underscores need for missile defense upgrade". SpaceNews. Retrieved 11 April 2022. Because of that funding, we will be able to launch that Tranche One Tracking Layer starting in May of 2025.
    43. Edwards, Jane (21 March 2022). "SDA Solicits Proposals for Tranche 1 Tracking Layer Prototyping Effort". GovCon Wire. Retrieved 11 April 2022. SDA said it expects the T1 Tracking Layer's first plane to launch no later than April 30, 2025, and the subsequent planes to follow on one-month intervals.
    44. Foust, Jeff (31 July 2023). "Northrop Grumman prepares for final flight of Antares with Russian and Ukrainian components". SpaceNews. Retrieved 17 September 2023.
    45. "ESP-MACCS / CubeMAP". ESA. Retrieved 4 March 2023.
    46. "Arianespace to launch with Vega C FLEX & ALTIUS, two ESA programmes at the service of environment". Arianespace (Press release). 11 January 2022. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
    47. "Amendment 34: Payloads and Research Investigations on the Surface of the Moon (PRISM) final text and due dates" (PDF). NSPIRES. 2 September 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
    48. "VAST Announces the Haven-1 and VAST-1 Missions". Vast (Press release). 10 May 2023. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
    49. "To orbit and back with Space Rider". ESA. 15 November 2022. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
    50. "FORMOSAT-8". NSPO. Archived from the original on 2 August 2022. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
    51. Lin, Chia-nan (18 December 2021). "NCKU payloads for Formosat-8 launch unveiled". Taipei Times. Retrieved 19 December 2021.
    52. "NASA Awards Launch Services Contract for Sentinel-6B Mission". NASA (Press release). 20 December 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
    53. "Gateway – Overview". NASA. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 17 September 2023.
    54. "CEOS EO HANDBOOK – AGENCY SUMMARY - ISRO". CEOS. October 2022. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
    55. Krebs, Gunter (30 November 2022). "Oceansat 3, 3A (EOS 06)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
    56. Krebs, Gunter (30 November 2022). "Oceansat 3, 3A (EOS 06)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
    57. "NASA's Earth System Science Pathfinder Program" (PDF). NASA. 5 September 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
    58. "NASA and Italian Space Agency Join Forces on Air Pollution Mission". JPL. NASA. 8 March 2023. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
    59. "First launch of Soyuz-5 rocket due Dec 24, 2025". TASS. 17 August 2023. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
    60. "Kazakhstan government to postpone the start of test flights from Baiterek from 2023 to 2025". Twitter. 25 July 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2023.
    61. Foust, Jeff (13 March 2023). "NASA planning to spend up to $1 billion on space station deorbit module". SpaceNews. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
    62. "Australia launching moon rover on NASA Artemis mission as soon as 2026". space.com. 5 September 2023. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
    63. "Australia launching moon rover on NASA Artemis mission as soon as 2026". space.com. 5 September 2023. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
    64. "CEOS EO HANDBOOK – MISSION SUMMARY - CAS500-5". The CEOS Database. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
    65. Kim, Byung-wook (18 July 2021). "SpaceX to launch Korea's midsize satellite in 2023". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
    66. Ahn, Joon-ha (8 April 2021). "Next-generation medium satellite (Compact Advanced Satellite 500-1) up in the sky". Hankook. Retrieved 19 July 2021. [I]n the second stage of the CAS500 development project, CAS500-3 for space science and technology verification (the Ministry of Science and ICT), CAS500-4 for wide-area agricultural and forestry observation (the Ministry of Science and ICT, the Rural Development Administration, and the Korea Forest Service), and CAS500-5 for the observation of water resources (the Ministry of Science and ICT and the Ministry of Environment) will be launched, one by one.
    67. Krebs, Gunter (29 April 2022). "METOP-SG-B 1, 2, 3". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 7 May 2022.
    68. Krebs, Gunter (29 April 2022). "METOP-SG-B 1, 2, 3". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 7 May 2022.
    69. Foust, Jeff (14 October 2022). "Commercial space station developers seek clarity on regulations". SpaceNews. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
    70. Fenoglio, Franco (Head - Human Spaceflight & Transportation Unit - Thales Alenia Space) (26 June 2020). #SpaceTalk: Centro commerciale spaziale [#SpaceTalk: Focusing on commercial space] (in Italian). Event occurs at 17:30–19:54. Retrieved 3 July 2020 via YouTube. Summary available at .
    71. Andrew Parsonson; Maria Jahnke; Nina Stary (2 February 2023). "Road to the launchpad - A comparative analysis of Germany's microlaunchers". Capitol Momentum. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
    72. "HyImpulse signs launch services agreement with In Orbit Aerospace Inc" (PDF). HyImpulse (Press release). 27 July 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
    73. Henry, Caleb (14 August 2020). "DLR spinoff HyImpulse plans small launcher debut in 2022". SpaceNews. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
    74. "Arianespace supporting the European Union's Copernicus programme with Vega C". Arianespace (Press release). 29 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
    75. Krebs, Gunter (22 September 2020). "CO2M (Sentinel 7)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
    76. Krebs, Gunter (22 September 2020). "CO2M (Sentinel 7)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
    77. "Full steam ahead for carbon dioxide monitoring mission". ESA. 23 May 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    78. "Arianespace awarded new Vega C launches for the IRIDE programme". Arianespace (Press release). 14 March 2023. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
    79. "Роскосмос в октябре выведет на орбиту первый спутник группировки "Сфера"" [Roscosmos will put the first satellite of the Sfera group into orbit in October]. RIA Novosti (in Russian). 1 August 2022. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
    80. Shulgin, Dmitry (21 January 2021). "Российский "Экспресс" набирает обороты" [Russian "Ekspress" gaining momentum]. RSCC (in Russian). p. 5. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
    81. Henry, Caleb (26 May 2020). "RSCC planning four satellites to cover Russia's Far North". SpaceNews. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
    82. "GPS III Space Vehicle 09 declared "Available for Launch"" (PDF). Space Systems Command (Press release). 26 August 2022. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
    83. Sheetz, Michael (20 January 2022). "Tom Cruise space movie producers sign deal with Axiom to build studio in orbit". CNBC. Retrieved 20 January 2022.
    84. "Сибирский спутник - Для глобального применения - О СИСТЕМЕ "ЛУЧ"" [Siberian Sputnik - For Global Applications - ABOUT THE LUCH SYSTEM] (PDF). Information Satellite Systems Reshetnev (in Russian). 19 November 2020. p. 4. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
    85. "Система ретрансляции "Луч" будет состоять из четырех спутников" [The Luch relay system will consist of four satellites] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 10 April 2019. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
    86. ""Ангара-А5" выведет на орбиту новые спутники-ретрансляторы "Луч-5М"" [New communication relay satellites Luch-5M will be launched on board of Angara-A5 rocket] (in Russian). Archived from the original on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
    87. Krebs, Gunter (21 July 2019). "Luch-5M 1, 2". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
    88. Krebs, Gunter (21 July 2019). "Luch-5M 1, 2". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
    89. "Arianespace to launch eight new Galileo satellites". Arianespace (Press release). 6 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
    90. "Arianespace Ariane 6 to launch Intelsat satellites". Arianespace (Press release). 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
    91. "Precious Payload Partners With Maritime Launch, Adding Canada's First Commercial Spaceport, Spaceport Nova Scotia, to Launch.ctrl Marketplace". Business Wire (Press release). 8 December 2022. Retrieved 10 December 2022.
    92. "Maritime Launch Services announces Nanoracks as first payload services provider". Nanoracks. 19 November 2021. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
    93. Rainbow, Jason (1 September 2023). "Globalstar picks SpaceX to refresh LEO constellation". SpaceNews. Retrieved 17 September 2023.
    94. Krebs, Gunter (14 January 2023). "Globalstar M104 - 120 (Globalstar-3)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 17 September 2023.
    95. Krebs, Gunter (14 January 2023). "Globalstar M104 - 120 (Globalstar-3)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 17 September 2023.
    96. "SKYNET 6A satellite passes Critical Design Review". Airbus (Press release). 13 July 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
    97. "Hisdesat selecciona a la norteamericana SpaceX para el lanzamiento de los satélites SpainSat NG" [Hisdesat selects the North American company SpaceX for the launch of the SpainSat NG satellites]. Hisdesat (Press release) (in Spanish). 7 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    98. "宇宙基本計画工程表 (令和2年度改訂)" [Space Plan Schedule (2020 Revision)] (PDF) (in Japanese). Cabinet Office. 15 December 2020. p. 30. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
    99. Kabir, Radifah (16 August 2022). "India's Space Odyssey: Aditya L-1 To Chandrayaan, Gaganyaan, Shukrayaan — ISRO's Future Space Missions". ABP News. Retrieved 27 February 2023.
    100. Jones, Andrew (11 April 2023). "China to target asteroid 2019 VL5 for 2025 planetary defense test". SpaceNews. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
    101. Updated report on Feng Yun satellite program and development. CGMS-49. CMA. 10 May 2021. pp. 9–11. Retrieved 27 August 2021 via the Internet Archive.
    102. Krebs, Gunter (3 June 2021). "FY 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E, 4F". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
    103. Krebs, Gunter (3 June 2021). "FY 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E, 4F". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
    104. HY-2 Series Satellite Status and Future Plans. CGMS-48. NSOAS. 26 May 2020. pp. 15–20. Retrieved 29 August 2021 via the Internet Archive.
    105. "Satellite: HY-2G". WMO. 26 August 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
    106. Krebs, Gunter (19 May 2021). "HY 2C, 2D". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
    107. "Satellite: HY-2G". WMO. 26 August 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
    108. Krebs, Gunter (19 May 2021). "HY 2C, 2D". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
    109. "Satellite: HY-3D". WMO. 20 August 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
    110. "Satellite: HY-3D". WMO. 20 August 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
    111. "Astraius Launch Services". Astraius. Retrieved 17 October 2023.
    112. "Spire Global Selects Astraius for Satellite Launch Services". Astraius (Press release). 26 January 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
    113. "Spire Global Selects Astraius for Satellite Launch Services". Astraius (Press release). 26 January 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
    114. Osborne, Tony (27 September 2021). "Astraius Plans C-17-Based Satellite Launch from Scotland". Aviation Week. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
    115. Parsonson, Andrew (8 September 2023). "MaiaSpace Complete First Cryogenic Test of Second Stage Prototype". European Spaceflight. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
    116. "Medium Launch Vehicle". Firefly Aerospace. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
    117. "The European Innovation Council supports E.T. PACK-Fly, a project to mitigate space debris". SENER (Press release). 17 May 2022. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
    118. "SENER Aeroespacial and Rocket Factory Augsburg sign launch service agreement". SENER Aeroespacial (Press release). 26 October 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
    119. Parsonson, Andrew (27 April 2021). "Germany's launch startups race to grow their launch manifests". SpaceNews. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
    120. "D-Orbit signs agreement with HyImpulse Technologies for joint EU-based launch and deployment mission". D-Orbit (Press release). SpaceRef. 2 September 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
    121. "В НПО машиностроения сообщили о продолжении разработки спутника "Кондор-ФКА-М"" [NPO Mashinostroeniya announced the continuation of the development of the "Kondor-FKA-M" satellite]. TASS (in Russian). 27 January 2023. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
    122. Krebs, Gunter (14 January 2023). "Kondor-FKA-M 1". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
    123. Krebs, Gunter (14 January 2023). "Kondor-FKA-M 1". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
    124. Report on the status of current and future Russian meteorological satellite systems. CGMS-49. Roscosmos / Roshydromet. 11 May 2021. pp. 8–9. Retrieved 27 August 2021 via the Internet Archive.
    125. Krebs, Gunter (28 February 2021). "Arktika-M 1, 2, 3". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
    126. Krebs, Gunter (28 February 2021). "Arktika-M 1, 2, 3". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
    127. "Россия намерена запустить четыре спутника-шара в космос в 2025 году" [Russia intends to launch four spherical satellites into space in 2025]. RIA Novosti (in Russian). 6 June 2021. Retrieved 14 June 2021.
    128. "Спектрометр спутника "Метеор-МП" будет давать в два раза больше данных" [Meteor-MP satellite spectrometer will provide twice as much data]. RIA Novosti (in Russian). 19 July 2022. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
    129. Krebs, Gunter (2 December 2020). "Meteor-M 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-6". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
    130. Krebs, Gunter (2 December 2020). "Meteor-M 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-6". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
    131. ""Роскосмос" в 2023 г. планирует запустить 9 спутников дистанционного зондирования Земли" [Roscosmos plans to launch 9 Earth remote sensing satellites in 2023]. Interfax (in Russian). 14 November 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
    132. Krebs, Gunter (3 December 2022). "Resurs-PM 1, 2, 3, 4". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
    133. Krebs, Gunter (3 December 2022). "Resurs-PM 1, 2, 3, 4". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
    134. "Private Russian satellite for broadband internet access to be launched within two years". TASS. 16 June 2023. Retrieved 17 June 2023.
    135. "Russia's space agency to outline technical requirements for new Soyuz-6 carrier rocket". TASS. 7 May 2020. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
    136. "MicroCarb". CNES. 19 April 2023. Retrieved 14 May 2023.
    137. Stevenson, John (8 December 2022). "MicroCarb arrives in UK ahead of 2024 space launch". NCEO. Retrieved 4 March 2023.
    138. "MicroCarb (Carbon Dioxide Monitoring Mission)". eoPortal. ESA. October 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
    139. "MicroCarb (Carbon Dioxide Monitoring Mission)". eoPortal. ESA. October 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
    140. "Piano Triennale delle Attività 2021-2023" [Three-year Plan of Activities 2021-2023] (PDF). ASI (in Italian). 10 March 2021. p. 50. Retrieved 6 December 2021.
    141. "Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Annual Report 2020" (PDF). ASI. 30 August 2021. p. 31. Retrieved 6 December 2021.
    142. "Dal 2022 in orbita il satellite dalla super-vista" [Hyperspectral satellite to orbit in 2022]. ANSA (in Italian). 3 July 2019. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
    143. "National Program of Space Activities – PNAE 2022-2031". 29 December 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
    144. Erwin, Sandra (9 April 2023). "Northrop Grumman developing military communications satellite for 2025 launch". SpaceNews. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
    145. "Japan's Interstellar aims for orbital launch in 2025". SpaceNews. 9 August 2023. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
    146. "Ramon.Space and Lulav Space Partner to Navigate Space IL's Next Two Lunar Landings". Ramon.Space (Press release). 7 September 2022. Retrieved 12 September 2022.
    147. Lin, Chia-nan (14 January 2021). "Ministry planning low-orbit satellite launch in 2025". Taipei Times. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
    148. Hsiang, Yu; Kao, Evelyn (18 February 2021). "Taiwan's Cabinet approves space development promotion act (update)". Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
    149. "NASA Selects Gamma-ray Telescope to Chart Milky Way Evolution". NASA (Press release). 18 October 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2021.
    150. Holmes, Mark (15 October 2020). "Russian Space Leaders Split on GEO vs LEO at SatComRus". Via Satellite. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
    151. Rainbow, Jason (1 August 2023). "Astro Digital to integrate Astroscale in-orbit servicing docking plates". SpaceNews. Retrieved 21 September 2023.
    152. "KT SAT to unveil the Multi-Orbit Satellite Business Strategy at WSBW 2022 in Paris". KT SAT (Press release). 14 September 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2022 via PR Newswire.
    153. Rainbow, Jason (12 September 2022). "KT SAT orders Koreasat 6A communications satellite from Thales". SpaceNews. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
    154. "To the Moon and back: Mit LSAS bietet OHB ab 2025 einen kommerziellen Mond-Shuttle an" [With LSAS, OHB will be offering a commercial Moon-Shuttle starting from 2025]. OHB SE (Press release) (in German). 9 September 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
    155. Foust, Jeff (13 May 2020). "OHB and IAI plan commercial lunar lander mission in late 2022". SpaceNews. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
    156. "PH to launch biggest locally developed satellite in 2025". CNN Philippines. 20 October 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
    157. Clark, Stephen (2 August 2022). "Final SBIRS missile warning satellite ready for launch". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
    158. Rainbow, Jason (21 December 2022). "Saturn finalizing funds for $500 million small GEO satellite program". SpaceNews. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
    159. "NASA Sounding Rockets BlueBook" (PDF). Wallops Flight Facility. NASA. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
    160. "Esrange Space Center - EASP Launching Programme" (PDF). Swedish Space Corporation. 11 August 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
    161. Ivchenko, N. (16 March 2021). Atmospheric and auroral research with sounding rockets (PDF). Svenska Rymdforskares Samarbetsgrupp (SRS) 2021. Lund Observatory: Lund University. p. 23. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
    162. Ivchenko, N. (16 March 2021). Atmospheric and auroral research with sounding rockets (PDF). Svenska Rymdforskares Samarbetsgrupp (SRS) 2021. Lund Observatory: Lund University. pp. 19–20. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
    163. Ivchenko, N. (16 March 2021). Atmospheric and auroral research with sounding rockets (PDF). Svenska Rymdforskares Samarbetsgrupp (SRS) 2021. Lund Observatory: Lund University. pp. 19–20. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
    164. "QUANTUS IV - MAIUS". ZARM. 2020. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
    Generic references:
     Spaceflight portal
    This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.