1990 Cook County, Illinois, elections
The Cook County, Illinois, general election was held on November 6, 1990.[1]
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Turnout | 52.75% | |
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Elections in Illinois |
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Primaries were held March 20, 1990.[2]
Elections were held for the offices of Assessor, Clerk, Sheriff, State's Attorney, Cook County Superintendent of Education Service Region, Treasurer, President of the Cook County Board of Commissioners, all 17 seats of the Cook County Board of Commissioners, both seats of the Cook County Board of Appeals, 3 seats on the Water Reclamation District Board, and judgeships on the Circuit Court of Cook County.
Election information
1990 was a midterm election year in the United States. The primaries and general elections for Cook County races coincided with those for federal (Senate and House) and those for state elections.
Primary election
Turnout in the primaries was 36.93%, with 985,614 ballots cast.[3]
Chicago saw 607,899 ballots cast, and suburban Cook County saw 30.24% turnout (with 377,715 ballots cast).[2][4][5]
Primary | Chicago vote totals | Suburban Cook County vote totals | Total Cook County vote totals |
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Democratic | 577,343 | 214,446 | 791,789 |
Republican | 30,332 | 152,908 | 183,240 |
Illinois Solidarity | 199 | 178 | 377 |
Independent Progressive | 21 | 0 | 21 |
Nonpartisan | 4 | 10,183 | 10,187 |
Total | 607,899 | 377,715 | 985,614 |
General election
The general election saw turnout of 52.75%, with 1,408,516 ballots cast.[4] Chicago saw 750,842 ballots cast, and suburban Cook County saw 52.82% turnout (with 657,674 ballots cast).[1][5]
Straight-ticket voting
Ballots had a straight-ticket voting option in 1990.[1]
Party | Number of straight-ticket votes[1] |
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Democratic | 227,523 |
Republican | 116,014 |
Harold Washington | 14,352 |
Illinois Solidarity | 1,168 |
Independent Progressive | 7 |
Libertarian | 3,005 |
Assessor
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Turnout | 46.81%[1][4] | ||||||||||||||||||||
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In the 1990 Cook County Assessor election, incumbent fourth-term assessor Thomas Hynes, a Democrat, was reelected.
Democratic
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Thomas C. Hynes (incumbent) | 512,546 | 100 | |
Total votes | 512,546 | 100 |
Republican
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Ronald Bean | 121,352 | 100 | |
Total votes | 121,352 | 100 |
General election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Thomas C. Hynes (incumbent) | 775,493 | 62.05 | |
Republican | Ronald Bean | 333,325 | 26.67 | |
Harold Washington | Donald Pamon | 141,015 | 11.28 | |
Total votes | 1,249,833 | 100 |
Clerk
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Turnout | 47.19%[1][4] | ||||||||||||||||||||
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In the 1990 Cook County Clerk election, incumbent fourth-term clerk Stanley Kusper, a Democrat, did not seek reelection, instead opting to run for both Cook County Board of Commissioners president and Cook County commissioner.[6][7] Democrat David Orr was elected to succeed him.
Democratic
Chicago alderman David Orr won the Democratic nomination. Sutker, who placed second, had been slated by the Cook County Democratic Party organization as its endorsed candidate in the race.[8]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | David D. Orr | 353,772 | 55.94 | |
Democratic | Calvin R. Sutker | 144,083 | 22.78 | |
Democratic | Joanne H. Alter | 134,560 | 21.28 | |
Total votes | 632,415 | 100 |
Republican
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Samuel "Sam" Panayotovich | 130,406 | 100 | |
Total votes | 130,406 | 100 |
General election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | David D. Orr | 799,884 | 63.48 | |
Republican | Samuel "Sam" Panayotovich | 353,531 | 28.06 | |
Harold Washington | Heldia R. Richardson | 106,588 | 8.46 | |
Total votes | 1,260,003 | 100 |
Sheriff
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Turnout | 48.63%[1][4] | ||||||||||||||||||||
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In the 1990 Cook County Sheriff election, incumbent first-term sheriff James E. O'Grady, a Republican, was defeated by Democrat Michael F. Sheahan.
Democratic
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Michael F. Sheahan | 402,634 | 69.86 | |
Democratic | Philip Morris | 106,237 | 18.43 | |
Democratic | John J. Flood | 67,450 | 11.70 | |
Total votes | 576,321 | 100 |
Republican
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | James E. O'Grady (incumbent) | 136,857 | 100 | |
Total votes | 136,857 | 100 |
Illinois Solidarity
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Illinois Solidarity | William M. Piechuch, Sr. | 189 | 100 | |
Total votes | 189 | 100 |
General election
Corruption allegations took a toll on incumbent Republican James E. O'Grady's prospects for reelection.[9] O'Grady ultimately had failed to live up to his 1986 campaign promises of disposing of politics and corruption in the Cook County Sheriff's Office, and had become unpopular among his constituents.[10]
Democratic nominee Michael F. Sheahan defeated O'Grady by a broad margin.[10] O'Grady suffered one of biggest defeats that a Republican Party nominee had experienced in a countywide Cook County election in years.[10] Sheahan had managed to beat O'Grady in 24 of the county's 30 suburban townships and in every ward of Chicago.[11] Sheahan had even managed to carry many of the county's Republican strongholds.[11] Within the city of Chicago, O'Grady even trailed Harold Washington Party nominee Tommy Brewer, who was considered a political unknown.[11]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Michael F. Sheahan | 719,489 | 55.41 | |
Republican | James E. O'Grady (incumbent) | 369,631 | 28.47 | |
Harold Washington | Tommy Brewer | 191,101 | 14.72 | |
Illinois Solidarity | William M. Piechuch, Sr. | 18,318 | 1.41 | |
Total votes | 1,298,539 | 100 |
State's Attorney (special election)
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Turnout | 48.95%[1][4] | ||||||||||||||||||||
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In the 1990 Cook County State's Attorney special election, incumbent state's attorney Cecil A. Partee, a Democrat appointed in 1989 after Richard M. Daley resigned to serve as mayor of Chicago, lost reelection to Republican Jack O'Malley.
This is the last time that a non-incumbent Republican has won election to a Cook County executive office.
Democratic
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Cecil A. Partee (incumbent) | 339,238 | 49.90 | |
Democratic | Patrick J. O'Connor | 249,922 | 36.76 | |
Democratic | Raul A. Villalobos | 54,914 | 8.08 | |
Democratic | Ray J. Smith | 35,748 | 5.26 | |
Total votes | 679,822 | 100 |
Republican
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | John M. "Jack" O'Malley | 136,835 | 100 | |
Total votes | 136,835 | 100 |
General election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | John M. "Jack" O'Malley | 692,192 | 52.96 | |
Democratic | Cecil A. Partee (incumbent) | 511,424 | 39.13 | |
Harold Washington | Janice H. Robinson | 103,353 | 7.91 | |
Total votes | 1,306,969 | 100 |
Superintendent of Education Service Region
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Turnout | 44.66%[1][4] | ||||||||||||||||||||
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In the 1990 Cook County Superintendent of Education Service Region election, incumbent fourth-term superintendent Richard J. Martwick, a Democrat, was reelected.[1][12]
This was the last election before the position was eliminated.[13]
Democratic
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Richard J. Marwick (incumbent) | 449,752 | 100 | |
Total votes | 449,752 | 100 |
Republican
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | William C. "Bill" Miceli | 120,963 | 100 | |
Total votes | 120,963 | 100 |
General election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Richard J. Martwick (incumbent) | 581,951 | 48.80 | |
Republican | William C. "Bill" Miceli | 426,855 | 35.80 | |
Harold Washington | Dorothy C. Hogan | 183,678 | 15.40 | |
Total votes | 1,192,484 | 100 |
Treasurer
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Turnout | 45.87%[1][4] | ||||||||||||||||||||
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In the 1990 Cook County Treasurer election, incumbent fourth-term[14] treasurer Edward J. Rosewell, a Democrat, was reelected.
Democratic
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Edward J. Rosewell (incumbent) | 373,477 | 58.02 | |
Democratic | Danny K. Davis | 270,269 | 41.98 | |
Total votes | 643,746 | 100 |
Republican
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Thomas D. Eilers | 127,341 | 100 | |
Total votes | 127,341 | 100 |
General election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Edward J. Rosewell (incumbent) | 710,699 | 58.03 | |
Republican | Thomas D. Eilers | 357,673 | 29.21 | |
Harold Washington | Charles W. Alexander | 156,294 | 12.76 | |
Total votes | 1,224,666 | 100 |
President of the Cook County Board of Commissioners
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Turnout | 48.10%[1][4] | ||||||||||||||||||||
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In the 1990 President of the Cook County Board of Commissioners election, incumbent president George Dunne, a Democrat that had held the office since 1969, did not seek reelection. Democrat Richard Phelan was elected to succeed him.
Democratic
Richard Phelan, a millionaire attorney from Winnetka, won the Democratic primary.[7] He had entered the race as a political unknown.[7] Phelan did not have a strong political organization, but ran an multimillion-dollar campaign with heavy investment in television advertising.[7] He defeated former Illinois Appellate judge R. Eugene Pincham, Cook County clerk Stanley Kusper, and state senator Ted Lechowicz.[7] Phelan ran on a message of change, running against the county Democratic Party establishment.[7]
Originally, Kusper had been the race's frontrunner, but by election day, had been relegated to an also-ran.[7] Lechowicz had been endorsed by the Cook County Democratic Party.[15]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Richard J. Phelan | 227,683 | 38.83 | |
Democratic | R. Eugene Pincham | 236,472 | 33.07 | |
Democratic | Ted Lechowicz | 138,569 | 19.38 | |
Democratic | Stanley T. Kusper, Jr. | 62,364 | 8.72 | |
Total votes | 665,088 | 100 |
Republican
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Aldo A. Deangelis | 120,627 | 100 | |
Total votes | 120,627 | 100 |
General election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Richard J. Phelan | 714,638 | 55.65 | |
Republican | Aldo A. DeAngelis | 405,771 | 31.60 | |
Harold Washington | Barbara J. Norman | 163,817 | 12.76 | |
Total votes | 1,284,226 | 100 |
Cook County Board of Commissioners
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All 17 seats on the Cook County Board of Commissioners 9 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1990 Cook County Board of Commissioners election saw all seventeen seats of the Cook County Board of Commissioners up for election to four-year terms in two sets of elections (ten elected from an election held in the city of Chicago and seven elected from an election held in suburban Cook County). This was the last election for the Cook County Board of Commissioners done this way, as the board would switch to districts for its 1994 election.[16]
Democrats increased their majority by a single seat.[17]
City of Chicago
Ten seats were elected from the City of Chicago.
Democratic
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Jerry "Iceman" Butler (incumbent) | 223,426 | 7.29 | |
Democratic | John H. Stroger, Jr. (incumbent) | 186,468 | 5.82 | |
Democratic | Ted Lechowicz | 186,468 | 5.82 | |
Democratic | Maria Pappas | 184,304 | 5.75 | |
Democratic | R. Eugene Pincham | 182,161 | 5.69 | |
Democratic | Bobbie L. Steele (incumbent) | 179,596 | 5.61 | |
Democratic | Charles R. Bernardini (incumbent) | 163,173 | 5.09 | |
Democratic | Irene C. Hernandez (incumbent) | 158,635 | 4.95 | |
Democratic | Frank A. Damato (incumbent) | 152,968 | 4.78 | |
Democratic | Marco Domico (incumbent) | 127,377 | 3.98 | |
Democratic | Nikki Zollar | 120,949 | 3.78 | |
Democratic | Jesse Lee Butler | 108,596 | 3.39 | |
Democratic | Samuel G. Vaughan (incumbent) | 205,454 | 3.29 | |
Democratic | Stanley T. Kusper, Jr. | 103,676 | 3.24 | |
Democratic | Joseph L. Banks | 103,215 | 3.22 | |
Democratic | Hilda E. Frontay | 69,412 | 2.17 | |
Democratic | Rose-Marie Love (incumbent) | 70,571 | 2.20 | |
Democratic | Timmothy J. Fitzgerald | 65,613 | 2.05 | |
Democratic | James Patrick Nally | 60,433 | 1.89 | |
Democratic | James C. Taylor | 59,992 | 1.87 | |
Democratic | Ernest Terrell | 59,264 | 1.85 | |
Democratic | Johnny Johnson | 49,577 | 1.55 | |
Democratic | Joseph M. Dooley | 47,296 | 1.48 | |
Democratic | Manuel Torres | 39,859 | 1.24 | |
Democratic | Albert Martinez | 36,383 | 1.14 | |
Democratic | James D. Rosas | 36,229 | 1.13 | |
Democratic | Mark S. Boyle | 34,649 | 1.08 | |
Democratic | Bruce E. Crosby | 32,808 | 1.02 | |
Democratic | Emmet J. McShane | 31,974 | 1.00 | |
Democratic | Frank Joseph Murray | 31,628 | 0.99 | |
Democratic | Donald R. Linder | 26,340 | 0.82 | |
Democratic | Walter Warfield, Jr. | 20,274 | 0.63 | |
Democratic | James H. Leatherwood | 19,257 | 0.60 | |
Democratic | George Woodrow Sutton | 18,107 | 0.57 |
Republican
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Daniel R. Bennett | 18,272 | 10.46 | |
Republican | John J. Holowinski | 18,238 | 10.44 | |
Republican | Denise A. Barnes | 17,916 | 10.26 | |
Republican | Gerald S. Michalek | 17,415 | 9.97 | |
Republican | Wayne M. Haney | 17,403 | 9.97 | |
Republican | Percy V. Coleman | 17,389 | 9.96 | |
Republican | John E. McNeal | 17,232 | 9.87 | |
Republican | William A. Radatz | 17,114 | 9.80 | |
Republican | Jacoby W. Crutcher, Jr. | 16,933 | 9.70 | |
Republican | Donald H. Kahn | 16,713 | 9.57 |
General election
Before the general election, Democratic nominee R. Eugene Pincham left to run on the Harold Washington Party slate, and was replaced on the Democratic slate by Danny K. Davis.[18] Republican nominee Percy V. Coleman also switched from their slate to the Harold Washington Party slate.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Jerry "Iceman" Butler (incumbent) | 384,540 | 7.05 | |
Democratic | Maria Pappas | 374,440 | 6.87 | |
Democratic | Danny K. Davis | 371,709 | 6.82 | |
Democratic | Bobbie L. Steele (incumbent) | 356,710 | 6.54 | |
Democratic | John H. Stroger, Jr. (incumbent) | 355,671 | 6.52 | |
Democratic | Ted Lechowicz | 350,252 | 6.42 | |
Democratic | Charles R. Bernardini (incumbent) | 347,324 | 6.37 | |
Democratic | Irene C. Hernandez (incumbent) | 342,093 | 6.28 | |
Democratic | Frank A. Damato (incumbent) | 340,730 | 6.25 | |
Democratic | Marco Domico (incumbent) | 309,089 | 5.67 | |
Republican | John J. Holowinski | 140,703 | 2.58 | |
Harold Washington | R. Eugene Pincham | 138,556 | 2.54 | |
Republican | Daniel R. Bennett | 127,176 | 2.33 | |
Republican | Gerald S. Michalek | 118,062 | 2.17 | |
Republican | Denise A. Barnes | 116,249 | 2.13 | |
Harold Washington | Robert E. Pincham, Jr. | 112,141 | 2.06 | |
Republican | John E. McNeal | 111,552 | 2.05 | |
Republican | Wayne M. Haney | 102,802 | 1.89 | |
Harold Washington | Barbara J. Norman | 102,771 | 1.89 | |
Republican | William A. Radatz | 101,136 | 1.86 | |
Republican | Donald H. Kahn | 94,701 | 1.74 | |
Republican | Jacoby W. Crutcher, Jr. | 91,196 | 1.67 | |
Harold Washington | Vivian D. Stewart-Tyler | 88,539 | 1.62 | |
Harold Washington | Percy V. Coleman | 84,246 | 1.55 | |
Harold Washington | Helen E. Jones | 83,926 | 1.54 | |
Harold Washington | Mary King Criss | 80,020 | 1.47 | |
Harold Washington | James A. Deanes | 77,948 | 1.43 | |
Harold Washington | Dino F. McNeal | 73,673 | 1.35 | |
Harold Washington | David T. Persons | 73,612 | 1.35 |
Democratic
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Sheila H. Schultz | 126,595 | 13.63 | |
Democratic | Thomas M. O'Donnell | 125,696 | 13.54 | |
Democratic | Patricia Kane McLaughlin | 124,096 | 13.36 | |
Democratic | Richard J. Phelan | 118,146 | 12.72 | |
Democratic | Ervin F. Kozicki | 109,626 | 11.81 | |
Democratic | Edward C. Reinfranck | 109,550 | 11.80 | |
Democratic | Pat Peter Capuzzi | 108,387 | 11.67 | |
Democratic | Lawrence G. Zdarsky | 106,460 | 11.47 |
Republican
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Carl R. Hansen (incumbent) | 101,223 | 14.11 | |
Republican | Mary M. McDonald (incumbent) | 99,894 | 13.93 | |
Republican | Allan C. Carr (incumbent) | 95,978 | 13.38 | |
Republican | Richard A. Siebel (incumbent) | 94,638 | 13.19 | |
Republican | Aldo A. DeAngelis | 85,395 | 11.90 | |
Republican | Harold L. Tyrell (incumbent) | 85,003 | 11.85 | |
Republican | Herbert T. Schumann, Jr. (incumbent) | 84,087 | 11.72 | |
Republican | William L. Russ | 71,120 | 9.91 |
General election
Republican nominee Harold L. Tyrell was replaced on the ballot by Angelo Saviano.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Mary M. McDonald (incumbent) | 326,865 | 8.78 | |
Republican | Aldo A. DeAngelis | 314,466 | 8.44 | |
Republican | Carl R. Hansen (incumbent) | 313,917 | 8.43 | |
Democratic | Richard J. Phelan | 298,067 | 8.00 | |
Republican | Richard A. Siebel (incumbent) | 294,886 | 7.92 | |
Republican | Herbert T. Schumann, Jr. (incumbent) | 273,368 | 7.34 | |
Republican | Allan C. Carr (incumbent) | 268,823 | 7.22 | |
Democratic | Patricia Kane McLaughlin | 256,494 | 6.89 | |
Republican | Angelo "Skip" Saviano | 252,373 | 6.78 | |
Democratic | Sheila H. Schultz | 246,986 | 6.63 | |
Democratic | Pat Capuzzi | 233,521 | 6.27 | |
Democratic | Thomas M. O'Donnell | 225,171 | 6.05 | |
Democratic | Ervin F. Kozicki | 210,196 | 5.64 | |
Democratic | Edward C. Reinfranck | 209,290 | 5.62 |
Cook County Board of Appeals
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2 of 2 seats on the Cook County Board of Review | |||||||||||||||||||||
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In the 1990 Cook County Board of Appeals election, both seats on the board were up for election. The election was an at-large election.
Democratic
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Wilson Frost (incumbent) | 390,175 | 41.44 | |
Democratic | Joseph Berrios (incumbent) | 330,190 | 35.07 | |
Democratic | Edward J. Schumann | 221,200 | 23.49 |
Republican
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Republican | Charles A. Wilson | 121,954 | 50.88 | |
Republican | Gilbert M. Vega | 116,617 | 49.12 |
General election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Democratic | Wilson Frost (incumbent) | 634,509 | 28.06 | |
Democratic | Joseph Berrios (incumbent) | 610,760 | 26.63 | |
Republican | Charles A. Wilson | 407,671 | 17.77 | |
Republican | Gilbert M. Vega | 379,048 | 16.53 | |
Harold Washington | Kenneth G. Hopkins | 131,007 | 5.71 | |
Harold Washington | Will Lawrence | 121,624 | 5.30 |
Water Reclamation District Board
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3 of 9 seats on the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago | ||
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In the 1990 Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago election, three of the nine seats on the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago board were up for election in an at-large election.[1] All three Democratic nominees won.[1]
Judicial elections
Partisan elections were held for judgeships on the Circuit Court of Cook County, due to vacancies. Other judgeships had retention elections.[1]
Ballot questions
Two ballot questions were included on ballots county-wide during the November general election.
Establish Financial Consumer Association
Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Yes | 655,931 | 76.01 | |
No | 207,023 | 23.99 | |
Total votes | 862,954 | 100 | |
Voter turnout | 61.27% |
Single Membered Districts
Candidate | Votes | % | |
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Yes | 504,306 | 60.27 | |
No | 332,496 | 39.73 | |
Total votes | 836,802 | 100 | |
Voter turnout | 59.41% |
Other elections
Coinciding with the primaries, elections were held to elect both the Democratic and Republican committeemen for the suburban townships.[2]
See also
References
- "OFFICIAL FINAL RESULTS GENERAL ELECTION COOK COUNTY, ILLINOIS TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1990" (PDF). voterinfo.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 October 2008.
- "OFFICIAL FINAL RESULTS PRIMARY ELECTION COOK COUNTY, ILLINOIS, TUESDAY, MARCH 20, 1990" (PDF). www.voterinfo.net. Cook County Clerk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 September 2008.
- "STATE OF ILLINOIS OFFICIAL VOTE Cast at the PRIMARY ELECTION GENERAL PRIMARY, MARCH 20, 1990" (PDF). Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
- "STATE OF ILLINOIS OFFICIAL VOTE Cast at the GENERAL ELECTION NOVEMBER 6, 1990" (PDF). Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
- "Voter Registration and Turnout 1990 - 2019 | Cook County Clerk's Office". www.cookcountyclerk.com. Cook County Clerk. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
- Hardy, Thomas (26 February 1990). "STANLEY KUSPER HAS FEW REGRETS ABOUT PATH HIS CAREER HAS TAKEN". chicagotribune.com. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
- Hardy, Thomas Hardy; Davis, Robert; Griffin, Jean Latz; Mills, Marja (21 March 1990). "PHELAN EDGES PINCHAM". chicagotribune.com. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
- Kerson, Roger (March 15, 1990). "Behind the Ballot: Why David Orr is not running for County Board president". Chicago Reader. Chicago, Illinois. Retrieved December 26, 2016.
- Gradel, Thomas J.; Simpson, Dick; Kelly, Tom (18 February 2010). "Corruption in Cook County: Anti-Corruption Report Number 3" (PDF). UIC. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
- Panagakis, Nick (December 1990). "Cook County's two 'third parties'". Illinois Issues. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
- O`Connor, Matt (8 November 1990). "GOP'S HOPES FOR O'GRADY GO SOUR". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
- Martwick, Robert (February 28, 2018). "House Resolution 0869 - 100th General Assembly". Illinois General Assembly. Retrieved December 30, 2018.
- Kiehna, Marc (2015-01-09). "Illinois Regional Superintendents of Schools: 150 Years of Educational Leadership". 28. Modified by Monte Newlin. Olney, Illinois: Regional Office of Education #12. Retrieved 2018-01-05.
- O'Connor, Matt (26 November 1998). "ROSEWELL MAKES DEAL IN GHOST-JOBS PROBE". chicagotribune.com. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
- "CHICAGO - The Democratic race for Cook County Board president took a strange". nwitimes.com. The Times of Northwest Indiana. 21 March 1990. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
- "CHOICES FOR COOK COUNTY BOARD". chicagotribune.com. Chicago Tribune. 22 October 1998. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
- "Our Campaigns - Container Detail Page". www.ourcampaigns.com. Our Campaigns. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
- "Our Campaigns - Cook County Board - City of Chicago - D Primary Race - Mar 20, 1990". www.ourcampaigns.com. Our Campaigns. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
- "Our Campaigns - Cook County Board - Suburban Cook County Race - Nov 06, 1990". www.ourcampaigns.com. Our Campaigns. Retrieved 17 October 2020.