• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 38 million speakers of Polish;
• is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘Algiers’ is shared by R. Алжир, Pol. Algier.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘Algeria’ is shared by R. Алжир.

• is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
• is a true friend for about 269.5 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Czech.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘whiteness’ is shared by R. белизна, Ukr. білизна, Cr. bjelina, Bo. bjelina, Sb. белина, Mk. белина.
• The meaning ‘linen, laundry’ (бельо) is attested in Blr. бялізна, Ukr. білизна, Pol. bielizna.

• is a complete false friend for about 10 million native speakers of Belarusian, Slovenian;
• is a true friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘talk’ is shared by R. беседа, Pol. biesiada.
• The meaning ‘word’ (слово) is attested in Sln. beseda.
• The meaning ‘party, ceremony’ (гощавка) is attested in Blr. бяседа.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian;
• is a true friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘pine-tree’ is shared by Sln. bor.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘boron’ is shared by R. бор, Sln. bor.
• The meaning ‘a wood of pine-trees’ (борова гора) is attested in R. бор.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 325 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Polish;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 94.5 million speakers of Ukrainian, Polish, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘marriage’ is shared by R. брак, Cr. brak, Bo. brak, Sb. брак, Mk. брак.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘rejects, refuse, waste’ is shared by R. брак, Ukr. брак, Pol. brak.
• The meaning ‘defect, flaw’ (недостатък, грешка) is attested in R. брак, Ukr. брак, Pol. brak.
• The meaning ‘lack, want, shortage’ (липса) is attested in Ukr. брак, Pol. brak.

• is a complete false friend for about 333 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘bride’ is unique.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘young woman’ is unique.
• The meaning ‘roll, white bread’ (симит) is attested in R. булка, Blr. булка, Ukr. булка, Pol. bułka.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 48 million native speakers of Polish, Czech;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 17.5 million speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• is a true friend for about 254 million native speakers of Russian, Slovenian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘age, epoch’ is shared by R. век, Pol. wiek, Cz. věk, Sln. vek, Mk. век.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘century’ is shared by R. век, столетие, Pol. wiek, Cz. věk, Sln. vek, Cr. vijek, Bo. vijek, Sb. век, Mk. век.
• The meaning ‘age (of a person)’ (възраст) is attested in Pol. wiek, Cz. věk.

• is a complete false friend for about 59.5 million native speakers of Polish, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• is a true friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘matter’ is shared by R. вещь, Cz. věc, Slk. vec.
• The meaning ‘clever’ (сръчен, умел) is attested in Sln. vešč, Cr. vješt, Bo. vješt, Sb. вешт, Mk. вешт.
• The meaning ‘message’ (вест) is attested in Pol. wieść.

• is a complete false friend for about 57.5 million native speakers of Polish, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• is a true friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘matter, thing’ is shared by R. вещь, Cz. věc, Slk. vec.
• The meaning ‘assembly’ (събрание) is attested in Pol. wiec.
• The meaning ‘already’ (вече) is attested in Cr. već, Bo. već, Sb. већ.
• The meaning ‘more’ (повече) is attested in Sln. več.

• is a complete false friend for about 35.5 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
• is a true friend for about 333 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘enemy’ is shared by R. враг, Blr. вораг, Ukr. ворог, Pol. wróg, Mk. враг.
• The meaning ‘devil, demon’ (чорт) is attested in Sln. vrag, Cr. vrag, Bo. vrag, Sb. враг, Mk. враг.
• The meaning ‘murderer’ (убиец, убийца) is attested in Cz. vrah, Slk. vrah.
• The meaning ‘slyboots, smartie’ (хитрец, шмекер) is attested in Mk. враг.

• is a complete false friend for about 57.5 million native speakers of Polish, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 252 million speakers of Russian, Macedonian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘harmful’ is shared by R. вредный.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘able, clever’ is shared by Mk. вреден.
• The meaning ‘precious’ (ценен) is attested in Sln. vreden, Cr. vrijedan, Bo. vrijedan, Sb. вредан.
• The meaning ‘nasty, repulsive’ (гаден) is attested in Pol. wredny.
• The meaning ‘insidious, deceitful’ (фалшив, лукав) is attested in Pol. wredny.

• is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 312.5 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘dialect’ is shared by R. говор, Blr. гаворка, Ukr. говір.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘speech’ is shared by Cr. govor, Bo. govor, Sb. говор.
• The meaning ‘talking’ (мълва) is attested in R. говор, Blr. гаворка.
• The meaning ‘noise’ (шум, глъчка) is attested in Pol. gwar.

• is a complete false friend for about 349 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak;
• is a true friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedo-nian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘year’ is shared by Cr. godina, Bo. godina, Sb. година, Mk. година.
• The meaning ‘hour’ (час) is attested in Blr. гадзіна, Ukr. година, Pol. godzina, Cz. hodina, Slk. hodina.
• The meaning ‘time, hour (poet.)’ (време, час) is attested in R. година, Blr. гадзіна, час, Ukr. година, час, Pol. godzina, czas, Cz. hodina, čas, Slk. hodina, čas.

• is a complete false friend for about 362.5 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 6 million native speakers of Slovak;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘forest’ is shared by Slk. hora.
• The meaning ‘mountain’ (планина) is attested in R. гора, Blr. гара, Ukr. гора, Pol. góra, Cz. hora, Slk. hora, Sln. gora, Cr. gora, Bo. gora, Sb. гора.

• is a complete false friend for about 75 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish;
• is a true friend for about 277.5 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Czech, Slovak.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘palace’ is shared by R. дворец, Blr. дварэц, Cr. dvorac, Bo. dvorac, Sb. дворац, Mk. дворец.
• The meaning ‘railway station’ (гара, станция) is attested in Ukr. двірець, Pol. dworzec.

• is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
• is a true friend for about 9.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘bank, credit bank’ is shared by Sln. banka, Cr. banka, Bo. banka.
• The meaning ‘(Br.) tin, (Am.) can’ (кутија) is attested in R. банка.
• The meaning ‘container, can’ (канта) is attested in Pol. bańka.

• is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
• is a true friend for about 267.5 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian, Macedo-nian, Bulgarian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Czech.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘whiteness’ is shared by R. белизна, Ukr. білизна, Cr. bjelina, Bo. bjelina, Mk. белина, Bg. белина.
• The meaning ‘linen, laundry’ (рубље, веш) is attested in Blr. бялізна, Ukr. білизна, Pol. bielizna.

• is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
• is a true friend for about 9.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘better’ is shared by Sln. bolje, Cr. bolje, Bo. bolje.
• The meaning ‘more’ (више) is attested in R. более.

• is a complete false friend for about 75 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Bulgarian;
• is a true friend for about 9.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Macedonian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘marriage’ is shared by R. брак, Cr. brak, Bo. brak, Mk. брак, Bg. брак.
• The meaning ‘defect, flaw’ (мана) is attested in R. брак, Ukr. брак, Pol. brak.
• The meaning ‘rejects, refuse, waste’ (олош, дефицитна роба) is attested in R. брак, Ukr. брак, Pol. brak, Bg. брак.
• The meaning ‘lack, want, shortage’ (недостатак) is attested in Ukr. брак, Pol. brak.

• is a complete false friend for about 10 million native speakers of Czech;
• is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘quick, fast (adj.)’ is shared by Cr. brz, Bo. brz.
• The meaning ‘soon (adv.)’ (скоро) is attested in Cz. brzy.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 310 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovenian, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
• is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘century’ is shared by R. век, столетие, Pol. wiek, Cz. věk, Sln. vek, Cr. vijek, Bo. vijek, Mk. век, Bg. век.
• The meaning ‘age (of a person)’ (доб) is attested in Pol. wiek, Cz. věk.
• The meaning ‘age, epoch’ (доба, епоха) is attested in R. век, Pol. wiek, Cz. věk, Sln. vek, Mk. век, Bg. век.

• is a complete false friend for about 314 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Bulgarian;
• is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Macedonian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘already’ is shared by Cr. već, Bo. već.
• The meaning ‘matter, thing’ (ствар) is attested in R. вещь, Cz. věc, Slk. vec, Bg. вещ.
• The meaning ‘assembly’ (скуп, збор) is attested in Pol. wiec.
• The meaning ‘more’ (више) is attested in Sln. več.

• is a complete false friend for about 312 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian;
• is a true friend for about 11.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Macedo-nian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘clever’ is shared by Sln. vešč, Cr. vješt, Bo. vješt, Mk. вешт.
• The meaning ‘matter’ (ствар) is attested in R. вещь, Cz. věc, Slk. vec, Bg. вещ.
• The meaning ‘message’ (вест) is attested in Pol. wieść.

• does not have all its Serbian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian;
• is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘to see impf.’ is shared by R. видеть, Cr. vidjeti, Bo. vidjeti.
• The Serbian meaning ‘to see, to behold pf.’ is shared by Cr. vidjeti, Bo. vidjeti.
• The Serbian meaning ‘to watch pf.’ is shared by Cr. vidjeti, Bo. vidjeti.

• is a complete false friend for about 287 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian;
• is a true friend for about 61.5 million native speakers of Polish, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Slovenian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘fruits’ is shared by Pol. owoce, Cz. ovoce, Slk. ovocie, Cr. voće, Bo. voće, Bg. овощен.
• The meaning ‘vegetables’ (поврће) is attested in R. овощи, Ukr. овочі.

• is a complete false friend for about 357 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
• is a true friend for about 9.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘devil, demon’ is shared by Sln. vrag, Cr. vrag, Bo. vrag, Mk. враг.
• The meaning ‘enemy’ (непријатељ) is attested in R. враг, Blr. вораг, Ukr. ворог, Pol. wróg, Mk. враг, Bg. враг.
• The meaning ‘murderer’ (убица) is attested in Cz. vrah, Slk. vrah.
• The meaning ‘slyboots, smartie’ (лукавац, превијанац) is attested in Mk. враг.

• is a complete false friend for about 298 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
• is a true friend for about 9.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘precious’ is shared by Sln. vreden, Cr. vrijedan, Bo. vrijedan.
• The meaning ‘harmful’ (штетан) is attested in R. вредный, Bg. вреден.
• The meaning ‘able, clever’ (вешт, ваљан, марљив) is attested in Mk. вреден, Bg. вреден.
• The meaning ‘nasty, repulsive’ (гадан, одвратан) is attested in Pol. wredny.
• The meaning ‘insidious, deceitful’ (химбен, лажан) is attested in Pol. wredny.

• does not have all its Serbian meanings in the mother tongue of about 252 million speakers of Russian, Slovenian;
• is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘time’ is shared by R. время, Cr. vrijeme, Bo. vrijeme.
• The Serbian meaning ‘weather’ is shared by Sln. vreme, Cr. vrijeme, Bo. vrijeme.

• is a complete false friend for about 333 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 8 million native speakers of Bulgarian;
• is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘speech’ is shared by Cr. govor, Bo. govor, Bg. говор.
• The meaning ‘dialect’ (дијалект) is attested in R. говор, Blr. гаворка, Ukr. говір, Bg. говор.
• The meaning ‘talking’ (говоркање) is attested in R. говор, Blr. гаворка.
• The meaning ‘noise’ (бука) is attested in Pol. gwar.

• is a complete false friend for about 349 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak;
• is a true friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘year’ is shared by Cr. godina, Bo. godina, Mk. година, Bg. година.
• The meaning ‘hour’ (час) is attested in Blr. гадзіна, Ukr. година, Pol. godzina, Cz. hodina, Slk. hodina.
• The meaning ‘time, hour (poet.)’ (време, час) is attested in R. година, Blr. гадзіна, час, Ukr. година, час, Pol. godzina, czas, Cz. hodina, čas, Slk. hodina, čas.

• is a complete false friend for about 8 million native speakers of Bulgarian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 6 million native speakers of Slovak;
• is a true friend for about 352.5 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Macedonian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘mountain’ is shared by R. гора, Blr. гара, Ukr. гора, Pol. góra, Cz. hora, Slk. hora, Sln. gora, Cr. gora, Bo. gora.
• The meaning ‘forest’ (шума) is attested in Slk. hora, Bg. гора.

• is a complete false friend for about 12 million native speakers of Czech, Slovenian;
• does not have all its Serbian meanings in the mother tongue of about 38 million speakers of Polish;
• is a true friend for about 257.5 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘town’ is shared by R. град (arch.), город, Cr. grad, Bo. grad.
• The Serbian meaning ‘hail’ is shared by R. град, Pol. grad, Cr. grad, Bo. grad.
• The meaning ‘fortress’ (тврђава, утврђење) is attested in Cz. hrad, Sln. grad.

• is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
• is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘granular’ is shared by Cr. grudast, Bo. grudast.
• The meaning ‘big-breasted’ (са великама грудима) is attested in R. грудастая.

• is a complete false friend for about 75 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish;
• is a true friend for about 275.5 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Croatian, Bosnian, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Czech, Slovak.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘palace’ is shared by R. дворец, Blr. дварэц, Cr. dvorac, Bo. dvorac, Mk. дворец, Bg. дворец.
• The meaning ‘railway station’ (станица) is attested in Ukr. двірець, Pol. dworzec.

• does not have all its Serbian meanings in the mother tongue of about 257.5 million speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘maiden’ is shared by R. дева.
• The Serbian meaning ‘camel’ is shared by Cr. deva, Bo. deva.

• is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian;
• is a true friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Czech, Croatian, Bosnian.

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• The Serbian meaning ‘child’ is shared by Cz. dítě, Cr. dijete, Bo. dijete.
• The meaning ‘baby’ (беба, младунче, одојче) is attested in Sln. dete.

• is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish;
• is a true friend for about 283.5 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian; Bulgarian.
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Ukrainian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘settee, sofa’ is shared by R. диван, Cz. divan, Slk. diván, Sln. divan, Cr. divan, Bo. divan, Sr. диван.
• The meaning ‘carpet’ (ћилим) is attested in Blr. дыван, Pol. dywan.

• is a complete false friend for about 346.5 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘watermelon’ is unique.
• The meaning ‘pumpkin’ (тиква) is attested in Pol. dynia.
• The meaning ‘sweet melon’ (пъпеш) is attested in R. дыня, Ukr. диня, Sln. dinja, Cr. dinja, Bo. dinja, Sb. диња, Mk. диња.

• is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 16 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak;
• is a true friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘time, era, period’ is shared by Cz. doba, Slk. doba, Sln. doba, Cr. doba, Bo. doba, Sb. доба.
• The meaning ‘day (24 hours)’ (ден (24 часови)) is attested in Pol. doba.
• The meaning ‘time, duration’ (трайност) is attested in Cz. doba, Slk. doba.

• is a complete false friend for about 333 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘word’ is unique.
• The meaning ‘thought’ (мисъл) is attested in R. дума (arch.), мысль, Blr. думка, дума, Ukr. дума.
• The meaning ‘East Slavonic folk song’ (народна песень) is attested in R. дума, Blr. дума, Ukr. дума.
• The meaning ‘parliament’ (парламент) is attested in R. дума, Blr. дума, Ukr. дума.
• The meaning ‘pride’ (гордост) is attested in Pol. duma.

• is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian;
• is a true friend for about 323.5 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘Danube’ is shared by R. Дунай, Pol. Dunaj, Cz. Dunaj, Slk. Dunaj, Cr. Dunaj, Bo. Dunaj, Sb. Дунај, Mk. Дунав.
• The meaning ‘Vienna’ (Виена) is attested in Sln. Dunaj.

• is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘fir-tree’ is unique.
• The meaning ‘alder’ (елша) is attested in R. ольха.

• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 333 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
• is a true friend for about 37.5 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘woman’ is shared by Ukr. жінка, Cz. žena, Slk. žena, Sln. žena, ženska, Cr. žena, Bo. žena, Sb. жена, Mk. жена.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘wife’ is shared by R. жена, Blr. жонка, Pol. żona, Cz. žena, Slk. žena, Sln. žena, Cr. žena, Bo. žena, Sb. жена, Mk. жена.

• is a complete false friend for about 39 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Slovenian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 296 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Polish;
• is a true friend for about 35.5 million native speakers of Kashubian, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘life’ is shared by R. живот (arch.), жизнь, Blr. жывот (arch.), жыццё, Pol. żywot, życie, Ka. żëwot, żëcé, Cz. život, Slk. život, Cr. život, Bo. život, Sb. живот, Mk. живот.
• The meaning ‘belly, body’ (търбух, корем) is attested in R. живот, Blr. жывот, Ukr. живіт, Pol. brzuch, żywot, Sln. život.

• is a complete false friend for about 354.5 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 6 million native speakers of Slovak.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘wheat’ is shared by Slk. pšenica, žito.
• The meaning ‘grain, cereals, (Br.) corn’ (жита, житни растения) is attested in R. жито, Sln. žito, Cr. žito, Bo. žito, Sb. жито.
• The meaning ‘rye’ (ръж) is attested in Ukr. жито, Pol. żyto, Cz. žito, Slk. žito, raž.

• is a complete false friend for about 57.5 million native speakers of Polish, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 12 million native speakers of Czech, Macedonian;
• is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘factory, works’ is shared by R. завод, Cz. závod, Mk. завод.
• The meaning ‘contest’ (състезание) is attested in Cz. závod.
• The meaning ‘occupation, profession, trade’ (професия) is attested in Pol. zawód.
• The meaning ‘institute’ (институт) is attested in Sln. zavod, Cr. zavod, Bo. zavod, Sb. завод, Mk. завод.
• The meaning ‘disappointment’ (разочарование) is attested in Pol. zawód.

• is a complete false friend for about 48 million native speakers of Polish, Czech;
• is a true friend for about 262 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Slovenian, Macedonian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Ukrainian, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘to memorize’ is shared by R. запомнить, Blr. запомніць, Sln. zapomniti, Mk. запомни.
• The meaning ‘to forget’ (забравям) is attested in Pol. zapomnieć, Cz. zapomenout.

• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 252 million speakers of Russian, Slovenian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘corn, kernel’ is shared by R. зерно, Sln. zrno.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘berry’ is unique.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 351 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 330.5 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• is a true friend for about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘to play (a game)’ is shared by R. играть, Ukr. грати, Pol. grać, Cz. hrát, Slk. hrať, Sln. igrati, Cr. igrati, Bo. igrati, Sb. играти, Mk. игра.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘to play (theatre)’ is shared by R. играть, Blr. іграць, Pol. grać, Cz. hrát, Slk. hrať, Sln. igrati, Mk. игра.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘to dance’ is shared by Blr. іграць, Pol. grać, Bo. igrati, Sb. играти, Mk. игра.
• The meaning ‘to play (music)’ (свиря) is attested in R. играть, Blr. іграць, Ukr. грати, Pol. grać, Cz. hrát, Slk. hrať, Sln. igrati.

• is a complete false friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘art’ is shared by R. искусство.
• The meaning ‘experience’ (опит) is attested in Cr. iskustvo, Bo. iskustvo, Sb. искуство.
• The meaning ‘skill’ (умение, ловкост) is attested in R. искусство.

• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘result’ is shared by R. исход.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘resort, way out’ is shared by R. исход.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘exit’ is unique.

• is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 267.5 million speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish, Czech, Slovak.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘coffin’ is shared by Bo. kovčeg, Sb. ковчег.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘trunk, box, chest’ is shared by Cr. kovčeg, Bo. kovčeg, Sb. ковчег.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘(Noah’s) Arch’ is shared by R. ковчег.
• The meaning ‘suitcase’ (куфар) is attested in Sln. kovček, Cr. kovčeg, Bo. kovčeg.

• is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 276 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Czech, Slovak, Macedonian;
• is a true friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘edge’ is shared by R. край, Blr. край, Ukr. край, Cz. kraj, Slk. kraj, Sln. kraj, Cr. kraj, Bo. kraj, Sb. крај.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘end’ is shared by Ukr. край, Sln. kraj, Cr. kraj, Bo. kraj, Sb. крај, Mk. крај.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘region’ is shared by R. край, Blr. край, Ukr. край, Cz. kraj, Slk. kraj, Sln. kraj, Cr. kraj, Bo. kraj, Sb. крај, Mk. крај.
• The meaning ‘country’ (страна) is attested in Ukr. край, Pol. kraj.

• is a complete false friend for about 8 million native speakers of Belarusian;
• is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedo-nian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘paint’ is shared by R. краска.
• The meaning ‘flower’ (цвете) is attested in Blr. краска (colloq.), кветка.

• is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 8 million native speakers of Belarusian;
• is a true friend for about 303 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘armchair’ is shared by R. кресло, Blr. крэсла, Ukr. крісло, Cz. křeslo, Slk. kreslo.
• The meaning ‘chair’ (стол) is attested in Blr. крэсла, Pol. krzesło.

• is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘jack’ is unique.
• The meaning ‘cry, shout’ (вик) is attested in R. крик.

• is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 51.0 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Kashubian, Slovak;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 50,000 speakers of Kashubian;
• is a true friend for about 281.5 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘sheet of paper’ is shared by R. лист, Blr. ліст, аркуш, Ukr. лист, Cz. list, Slk. list, Sln. list, Cr. list, Bo. list, Sb. лист, Mk. лист.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘leaf’ is shared by R. лист, Blr. ліст, Ukr. лист, Ka. lëst, Cz. list, Slk. list, Sln. list, Cr. list, Bo. list, Sb. лист, Mk. лист.
• The meaning ‘letter’ (писмо) is attested in Blr. ліст, пісьмо, Ukr. лист, Pol. list, Ka. lëst, Slk. list.

• is a complete false friend for about 55,000 native speakers of Upper Sorbian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 101 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian;
• is a true friend for about 269.5 million native speakers of Russian, Slovak, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘falling of leaves’ is shared by R. листопад, Blr. лістапад, Ukr. листопад, Pol. listopad, Cz. listopad, Slk. listopad, Sln. listopad, Cr. listopad, Bo. listopad, Sb. листопад, Mk. листопад.
• The meaning ‘October’ (октомврий) is attested in Cr. listopad.
• The meaning ‘November’ (ноемврий) is attested in Blr. лістапад, Ukr. листопад, Pol. listopad, USo. listopad, Cz. listopad, Sln. listopad.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
• is a true friend for about 27.5 million native speakers of Belarusian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘tobacco pipe’ is shared by R. люлька (редко), трубка, Blr. люлька, Cr. lula, Bo. lula, Sb. лула, Mk. луле.
• The meaning ‘cradle’ (люлка) is attested in R. люлька.

• is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 304 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech;
• is a true friend for about 64.5 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘summer’ is shared by R. лето, Blr. лета, Ukr. літо, Pol. lato, Cz. léto, Slk. leto, Cr. ljeto, Bo. ljeto, Sb. лето, Mk. лето.

• is a complete false friend for about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 19.5 million speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Ukrainian, Polish, Slovenian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘mother’ is shared by Cr. majka, Bo. majka, Sb. мајка, Mk. мајка.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘dam, female animal’ is shared by Mk. мајка.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘nut (to screw on a bolt)’ is unique.
• The meaning ‘gym shirt’ (риза, кошуля) is attested in R. майка, Blr. майка.

• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 368.5 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• is a true friend for about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘table’ is shared by Mk. маса.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘mass’ is shared by R. масса, Blr. маса, Ukr. маса, Pol. masa, Cz. masa, Slk. masa, Sln. masa, Cr. masa, Bo. masa, Sb. маса, Mk. маса.

• is a complete false friend for about 54 million native speakers of Polish, Czech, Slovak;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian;
• is a true friend for about 39 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Macedonian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘womb, uterus’ is shared by R. матка, Blr. матка, Ukr. матка, Mk. матка.
• The meaning ‘mother’ (майка) is attested in Blr. матка, Pol. matka, Cz. matka, Slk. matka.
• The meaning ‘dam, female animal’ (майка) is attested in R. матка, Blr. матка, Pol. matka.
• The meaning ‘nut (to screw on a bolt)’ (майка) is attested in Cz. matka.

• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 287 million speakers of Russian, Ukrainian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘copper’ is shared by R. медь, Ukr. мед.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘honey’ is unique.

• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian;
• is a true friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘Mexico City’ is shared by Pol. Meksyk.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘Mexico (country)’ is shared by R. Мексика, Pol. Meksyk.

• is a complete false friend for about 55.5 million native speakers of Polish, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
• is a true friend for about 305 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Czech.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘sword’ is shared by R. меч, Blr. меч, Ukr. меч, Cz. meč, Mk. меч.
• The meaning ‘match, game’ (мач) is attested in Pol. mecz, Cr. meč, Bo. meč, Sb. меч, Mk. меч.

• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 313.5 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Polish, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• is a true friend for about 57 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘man’ is shared by Ukr. муж, Cz. muž, Slk. muž, Sln. mož, moški, Mk. маж.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘husband’ is shared by R. муж, Blr. муж, Ukr. муж, чоловік, Pol. mąż, Cz. muž, Slk. muž, Sln. mož, Cr. muž, Bo. muž, Sb. муж, Mk. маж.

• is a complete false friend for about 83.5 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
• is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘naughty’ is shared by R. наглый, Ukr. нахабний, наглий.
• The meaning ‘sudden’ (внезапен) is attested in Blr. наглы (reg.), раптоўны, Ukr. наглий, Pol. nagły, Cz. náhlý, Slk. náhly, Sln. nagel, Cr. nagao, Bo. nagao, Sb. нагао.
• The meaning ‘fast, quick’ (брз, пъргав) is attested in Sln. nagel.
• The meaning ‘vehement, hasty’ (буен, бърз) is attested in Slk. náhly, Sln. nagel, Cr. nagao, Bo. nagao, Sb. нагао, Mk. нагло.

• is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 23.5 million native speakers of Czech, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• is a true friend for about 97 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘Sunday’ is shared by Blr. нядзеля, Ukr. неділя, Pol. niedziela, Cz. neděle, Slk. nedeľa, Sln. nedelja, Cr. nedjelja, Bo. nedjelja, Sb. недеља, Mk. недела.
• The meaning ‘week’ (седмица) is attested in R. неделя, Cz. týden, neděle, Bo. nedjelja, sedmica, Sb. недеља, седмица, Mk. недела.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 307.5 million speakers of Russian, Polish, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘picture, painting’ is shared by R. образ, Pol. obraz.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘cheek’ is shared by Cr. obraz, Bo. obraz, Sb. образ.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘face’ is shared by Sln. obraz, Cr. obraz, Bo. obraz, Sb. образ.
• The meaning ‘manner’ (начин) is attested in R. образ.

• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘organ (e.g. in the body)’ is shared by R. орган.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘organ (musical instrument)’ is unique.

• is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
• is a true friend for about 10 million native speakers of Czech.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘thumb’ is shared by Cz. palec.
• The meaning ‘finger’ (пръст) is attested in R. палец.

• is a complete false friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• is a true friend for about 260 million native speakers of Russian, Czech.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘memory’ is shared by R. память, Cz. paměť.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘computer memory’ is shared by R. память, Cz. paměť.
• The meaning ‘reason, intellect’ (разум) is attested in Cr. pamet, Bo. pamet, Sb. памет.

• is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 50,000 native speakers of Kashubian;
• is a true friend for about 293 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Slovak;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘monument’ is shared by R. памятник, Ukr. пам’ятник, Ka. pamiãtnik, pomnik, Slk. pamätník.
• The meaning ‘diary’ (дневник) is attested in Pol. pamiętnik, Ka. dniewnik, wspomnik, pamiãtnik.

• is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 83 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
• is a true friend for about 37.5 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘steam’ is shared by Blr. пара, Ukr. пара, Pol. para, Cz. pára, Slk. para, Sln. para, Cr. para, Bo. para, Sb. пара, Mk. пара.
• The meaning ‘pair’ (чифт, двойка) is attested in R. пара, Blr. пара, Ukr. пара, Pol. para.
• The meaning ‘a couple of, some’ (няколко) is attested in R. пара, Blr. пара, Ukr. пара, Pol. parę.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
• is a true friend for about 259.5 million native speakers of Russian, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘scribe’ is shared by R. писарь, Pol. pisarz, Sln. pisar, Cr. pisar, Bo. pisar.
• The meaning ‘writer’ (писател) is attested in Pol. pisarz.

• is a complete false friend for about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 46.0 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish, Kashubian;
• is a true friend for about 287.5 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘noon’ is shared by R. полдень, Blr. поўдзень, Pol. południe, Ka. pôłnié, Cz. poledne, Slk. poludnie, Sln. poldan, Cr. podne, Bo. podne, Sb. подне, Mk. пладне.
• The meaning ‘south’ (юг) is attested in Blr. поўдзень, Ukr. південь, Pol. południe, Ka. pôłnié.

• is a complete false friend for about 67.5 million native speakers of Polish, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
• is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘body, flesh’ is shared by R. плоть, Mk. плот.
• The meaning ‘fence’ (ограда) is attested in Pol. płot, Cz. plot, Sln. plot, Cr. plot, Bo. plot, Sb. плот, Mk. плот.

• is a complete false friend for about 100.5 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian;
• is a true friend for about 260 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Macedonian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Serbian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘novelette’ is shared by R. повесть, Blr. аповесць, Mk. повест.
• The meaning ‘novel’ (роман) is attested in Ukr. повість, Pol. powieść.
• The meaning ‘history’ (история) is attested in Cr. povijest, Bo. povijest.
• The meaning ‘fame, reputation’ (почитание, име) is attested in Cz. pověst, Slk. povesť.
• The meaning ‘legend’ (приказка, предание) is attested in Cz. pověst, Slk. povesť, Sln. povest.

• is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 266.0 million native speakers of Russian, Kashubian, Czech, Slovak;
• is a true friend for about 14 million native speakers of Slovenian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Ukrainian, Croatian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘quiet’ is shared by R. покой, Ka. pòkùj, Cz. pokoj, Slk. pokoj, Sln. pokoj, Sb. покој, Mk. покој.
• The meaning ‘room’ (стая) is attested in R. покой (arch.), комната, Blr. пакой, Pol. pokój, Cz. pokoj.
• The meaning ‘peace’ (мир) is attested in Pol. pokój, Ka. pòkùj, Slk. pokoj.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 83 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
• is a true friend for about 287.5 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘midnight’ is shared by R. полночь, Blr. поўнач, Ukr. північ, Pol. północ, Cz. půlnoc, Slk. polnoc, Sln. polnoč, Cr. ponoć, Bo. ponoć, Sb. поноћ, Mk. полноќ.
• The meaning ‘north’ (север) is attested in Blr. поўнач, Ukr. північ, Pol. północ.

• is a complete false friend for about 349.0 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Kashubian, Czech, Slovak;
• is a true friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedo-nian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘straight on’ is shared by Cr. pravo, Bo. pravo, Sb. право, Mk. (на)право.
• The meaning ‘to the right’ ((на) дясно) is attested in R. направо, Blr. направа, Ukr. направо, Pol. na prawo, Ka. w prawo, w prawą, Cz. napravo, Slk. napravo.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
• is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘probe’ is shared by R. проба, Mk. проба.
• The meaning ‘to test’ (пробвам) is attested in Mk. проба.

• is a complete false friend for about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
• is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘nickname’ is shared by R. прозвище.
• The meaning ‘surname’ (презиме) is attested in Ukr. прізвище.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 83 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
• is a true friend for about 287.5 million native speakers of Russian, Kashubian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘simple, simply’ is shared by R. просто, Blr. проста, Ukr. просто, Pol. prosto, Ka. prosto, Cz. prostě, Slk. proste, Sln. prosto, Cr. prosto, Bo. prosto, Sb. просто, Mk. просто.
• The meaning ‘straight on’ ((на) право) is attested in Blr. проста, прамо, наўпрост, Ukr. просто, Pol. prosto.

• is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘weaver’s loom’ is unique.
• The meaning ‘robbery’ (обир) is attested in R. разбой.

• is a complete false friend for about 102.5 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• is a true friend for about 268 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘speech’ is shared by R. речь, Cz. řeč, Slk. reč, Mk. реч.
• The meaning ‘word’ (дума, слово) is attested in Cr. riječ, Bo. riječ, Sb. реч.
• The meaning ‘matter’ (вещ) is attested in Blr. рэч, Ukr. річ, Pol. rzecz, Sln. reč.

• is a complete false friend for about 112.5 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• is a true friend for about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘motherland, home region’ is shared by R. родина, Blr. радзіна.
• The meaning ‘family’ (семейство) is attested in Ukr. родина, Pol. rodzina, Cz. rodina, Slk. rodina.
• The meaning ‘relations’ (роднинство) is attested in Sln. rodbina, Cr. rodbina, Bo. rodbina, Sb. родбина, Mk. родбина.

• is a complete false friend for about 28 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Serbian, Macedonian;
• is a true friend for about 342.6 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Kashubian, Lower Sorbian, Upper Sorbian, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘Slovenian’ is shared by R. словенский, Blr. славенскі, Ukr. словінський, Pol. słoweński, Ka. słowensczi, LSo. słowjeński, USo. słowjenski, Sln. slovenski, Cr. slovenski, Bo. slovenski.
• The meaning ‘Slovak’ (словашки) is attested in Cz. slovenský, Slk. slovenský.
• The meaning ‘Slavonic’ (славянски) is attested in Sb. словенски, Mk. словенски.

• is a complete false friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• is a true friend for about 349 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘word’ is shared by R. слово, Blr. слова, Ukr. слово, Pol. słowo, Cz. slovo, Slk. slovo.
• The meaning ‘letter (of the alphabet)’ (буква) is attested in Cr. slovo, Bo. slovo, Sb. слово.
• The meaning ‘leave-taking, farewell’ (прощаване) is attested in Sln. slovo.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘middle, centre’ is unique.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘environment’ is shared by R. среда.
• The meaning ‘Wednesday’ (сряда) is attested in R. среда.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• is a true friend for about 353 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘a hundred’ is shared by R. сто, Blr. сто, Ukr. сто, Pol. sto, Cz. sto, Slk. sto, Sln. sto, Cr. sto, Bo. sto, Sb. сто, Mk. сто.
• The meaning ‘table’ (маса) is attested in Cr. sto, Bo. sto, Sb. сто.

• is a complete false friend for about 366.5 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 4 million speakers of Slovenian, Macedonian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘chair’ is shared by Sln. stol, Mk. стол.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘canteen’ is unique.
• The meaning ‘table’ (маса) is attested in R. стол, Blr. стол, Ukr. стіл, Pol. stół, Cz. stůl, Slk. stôl, Cr. stol, Bo. sto, Sb. сто.

• is a complete false friend for about 37.5 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• is a true friend for about 333.0 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Kashubian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘capital’ is shared by R. столица, Blr. сталіца, Ukr. столиця, Pol. stolica, Ka. stolëca.
• The meaning ‘chair’ (стол) is attested in Cz. stolice, Slk. stolica, Cr. stolica, Bo. stolica, Sb. столица, Mk. столица.
• The meaning ‘professorship’ (катедра) is attested in Sln. stolica.

• has additional meanings in the language of about 37.5 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 362.5 million speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, Kashubian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘country’ is shared by R. страна.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘side’ is shared by Ukr. сторона, Pol. strona, Ka. strona, Cz. strana, Slk. strana, Sln. stran, Cr. strana, Bo. strana, Sb. страна, Mk. страна.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘cheek’ is unique.
• The meaning ‘page’ (страница) is attested in Cz. strana, Slk. strana, Sln. stran, Cr. strana, Bo. strana, Sb. страна, Mk. страна.
• The meaning ‘political party’ (партия) is attested in Cz. strana, Slk. strana.

• is a complete false friend for about 6 million native speakers of Croatian;
• is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘exist’ is shared by R. существовать.
• The meaning ‘participate’ (съучаствувам) is attested in Cr. suučestvovati.

• is a complete false friend for about 10 million native speakers of Czech;
• is a true friend for about 271.5 million native speakers of Russian, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘pumpkin’ is shared by R. тыква, Sln. tikva, Cr. tikva, Bo. tikva, Sb. тиква, Mk. тиква.
• The meaning ‘sweet melon’ (пъпеш) is attested in Cz. tykev.

• is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 305.5 million speakers of Russian, Polish, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘hard’ is shared by R. трудный, Pol. trudny.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘pregnant’ (трудна (arch.), бременна) is shared by Cr. trudna, Bo. trudna, Sb. трудна.
• The meaning ‘tired’ (уморен, изморен) is attested in Sln. truden, Cr. trudan (arch.), umoran, Bo. trudan (arch.), umoran, Sb. трудан (arch.), уморан.

• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘federation’ is shared by R. федерация.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘spring-suspension’ is unique.

• is a complete false friend for about 101 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian;
• is a true friend for about 263.5 million native speakers of Russian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedo-nian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Croatian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘hour’ is shared by R. час, Bo. čas, Sb. час, Mk. час.
• The meaning ‘time’ (време) is attested in Blr. час, Ukr. час, Pol. czas, Cz. čas, Slk. čas, Sln. čas.

• is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘to hear’ is unique.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘to keep’ is unique.
• The meaning ‘to feel’ (усещам, чувствувам) is attested in R. чуять.
• The meaning ‘to smell (animal)’ (подуша) is attested in R. чуять (запах).

• is a complete false friend for about 57.5 million native speakers of Polish, Kashubian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
• is a true friend for about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Czech, Slovak, Slovenian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘tyre’ is shared by R. шина, Blr. шына, Ukr. шина.
• The meaning ‘rail’ (релса) is attested in Ukr. шина, Pol. szyna, Ka. szina, Cr. šina, Bo. šina, Sb. шина, Mk. шина.

• does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 19.5 million speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘forest’ is shared by Cr. šuma, Bo. šuma, Sb. шума, Mk. шума.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘foliage, leaves’ is unique.
• The Bulgarian meaning ‘bush’ is unique.

• is a complete false friend for about 298 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech;
• is a true friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
• does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘pike’ is shared by Cr. štuka, Bo. štuka, Sb. штука.
• The meaning ‘piece’ (къс, экземпляр) is attested in R. штука, Pol. sztuka.
• The meaning ‘art’ (изкуство) is attested in Pol. sztuka.
• The meaning ‘stucco’ (мазач, мазилка) is attested in Cz. štuka.

• is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
• has additional meanings in the language of about 18 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian;
• is a true friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedo-nian.

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• The Bulgarian meaning ‘strawberry’ is shared by Cz. jahoda, Slk. jahoda, Sln. jagoda, Cr. jagoda, Bo. jagoda, Sb. јагода, Mk. јагода.
• The meaning ‘berry’ (сочен зърнест плод от храстови растения) is attested in R. ягода, Pol. jagoda, Cz. jahoda, Slk. jahoda, Sln. jagoda.

There is no Bulgarian word like Blr. ліпень, Ukr. липень, Pol. lipiec, Cr. lipanj.

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The Bulgarian meaning red ("червен") like Blr. чэрвень, Ukr. червень, Pol. czerwiec, Cz. červenec.

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There is no Bulgarian word like Blr. зрок, Cz. zrak, Slk. zrak, Sln. zrak, Cr. zrak, Bo. zrak, Sb. зрак, Mk. зрак.

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There is no Bulgarian word like Blr. дадатны, Ukr. додатний, Pol. dodatni, Cr. dodatni, Bo. dodatni, Sb. додатни.

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The Bulgarian word ("руен") like Ka. rujan, Cz. říjen, Cr. rujan.

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The Bulgarian meaning cold ("студен") like R. студень, Blr. студзень, Cr. studeni.

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The Bulgarian meaning watermelon ("карпуза"), but popular is ("диня") like R. арбуз, Blr. гарбуз, Ukr. гарбуз, Pol. arbuz.

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There is no Bulgarian word like R. склеп, Ukr. склеп, Pol. sklep, Ka. sklep, Cz. sklep, Sln. sklep.

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The Bulgarian meaning plant ("садя") like R. сад, Pol. sad, Cz. sad, Slk. sad, Sln. sad, Cr. sad, Bo. sad, Sb. сад.

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The Bulgarian meaning chair,stool,canteen ("стол") like R. стул, Pol. stół, Cz. stůl.

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The Bulgarian meaning sofa ("диван") like R. диван, Blr. дыван, Pol. dywan, Cz. divan, Slk. diván, Sln. divan, Cr. divan, Bo. divan, Sb. диван.

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There is no Bulgarian word like R. выход, Blr. выхад, Ukr. вихід, Cz. východ, Slk. východ.

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There is no Bulgarian word like R. овощи, Ukr. овочі, Pol. owoce, Cz. ovoce, Slk. ovocie, Cr. voće, Bo. voće, Sb. воће.

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The Bulgarian meaning darkness ("мрак") like R. мрак, Cz. mrak, Slk. mrak, Cr. mrak, Bo. mrak, Sb. мрак.

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There is no Bulgarian word like R. охотник, Ukr. охочий, Pol. ochotnik.

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The Bulgarian meaning fixed time, set term, deadline ("срок") like R. рок, Pol. rok, Cz. rok, Sln. rok, Cr. rok, Bo. rok, Sb. рок, Mk. рок.

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There is no Bulgarian word like R. сливки, Pol. śliwki.

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There is no Bulgarian word like R. заход, Pol. zachód, Cz. záchod, Slk. záchod, Sln. zahod, Cr. zahod, Bo. zahod, Sb. заход, Mk. заод.

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The Bulgarian meaning coloured ("цветен") like R. цветень, Ukr. квітень, Pol. kwiecień, Cz. květen.

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There is no Bulgarian word like R. берёзовик, Blr. бярозавік.

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There is no Bulgarian word like Ukr. травень, Sln. traven (mali, veliki), Cr. travanj.

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There is no Bulgarian word like Ukr. серпень, Pol. sierpień, Cz. srpen, Sln. srpen (mali, veliki), Cr. srpanj.

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The Bulgarian meaning doctor ("лекар") like Ukr. лікарня, Cz. lékárna, Slk. lekáreň, Sln. lekarna.

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More Bulgarian-Slavonic false friends:

• C. Ivanova, M. Aleksić. Srpsko-bugarski tematski rečnik: Leksikon međujezičkih homonima i polisemija. Veliko Trnovo 1999.
• M. Karpaczewa, Christa Simeonova, Emil Tokarz. Pułapki leksykalne: Słownik aproksymatyzmów polsko-bułgarskich. Katowice 1994.

For additional information on false friends, see the On-line hypertext bibliography by Daniel Bunčić and Ryszard Lipczuk.

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