Voiceless bidental fricative
The voiceless bidental fricative is a rare consonantal sound. The only natural language known to use it is the Shapsug dialect of Adyghe, where it appears as a variant of /x/.[1]
| Voiceless bidental fricative | |
|---|---|
| h̪͆ |
People with hypoglossia (abnormally small tongue) may use it for target /s/.
Features
Features of the voiceless bidental fricative:
- Its manner of articulation is fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
- Its place of articulation is bidental, which means it is articulated with the lower and upper teeth pressed together.
- Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
- Because the sound is not produced with airflow over the tongue, the central–lateral dichotomy does not apply.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the intercostal muscles and diaphragm, as in most sounds.
Occurrence
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adyghe | Black Sea (Shapsug) dialect | дахэ | [daːh̪͆a] | 'pretty' | Corresponds to [x] in other dialects. |
See also
- List of phonetics topics
- Voiced bidental fricative
References
- Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996). The Sounds of the World's Languages. Oxford: Blackwell. pp. 144–145. ISBN 978-0-631-19815-4.
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