Tonghe County

Tonghe County (simplified Chinese: 通河县; traditional Chinese: 通河縣; pinyin: Tōnghé Xiàn; lit. 'Pass river') is under the administration of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China, located on the northern (left) bank of the Songhua River. It is 161 kilometres (100 mi) to the east of central Harbin, bordering Yilan County to the east, Fangzheng County to the south, Mulan County to the west, as well as the prefecture-level city of Yichun to the north.

Tonghe County
通河县
County
Location of Tonghe in Harbin
Location of Tonghe in Harbin
Harbin in Heilongjiang
Harbin in Heilongjiang
Coordinates: 45°59′24″N 128°44′46″E[1]
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceHeilongjiang
Sub-provincial cityHarbin
Divisions
  • 6 towns
  • 2 townships
SeatTonghe (通河镇)
Area
[2]
 • Total5,675.5 km2 (2,191.3 sq mi)
Elevation
107 m (351 ft)
Population
 (2010)[3]
 • Total210,650
 • Density37/km2 (96/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
1509XX
Area code0451

Geography and climate

Tonghe County has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa/Dwb), with long, very dry, bitterly cold winters, very warm and humid summers, and short, rather dry spring and autumn in between. Its location in the Songhua River Valley at an elevation of 107 m (351 ft) allows for cool air to pool in and around the county seat, depressing temperatures slightly as compared to Harbin. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −20.4 °C (−4.7 °F) in January to 22.1 °C (71.8 °F) in July, and the annual mean is +2.93 °C (37.3 °F). Close to 65% of the annual precipitation occurs from June to August. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 46% in July to 66% in February, the area receives 2,413 hours of bright sunshine annually, with the latter half of winter being especially sunny.

Climate data for Tonghe County (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 2.1
(35.8)		 8.5
(47.3)		 19.6
(67.3)		 29.7
(85.5)		 34.0
(93.2)		 36.9
(98.4)		 36.6
(97.9)		 36.7
(98.1)		 30.5
(86.9)		 26.7
(80.1)		 17.2
(63.0)		 6.3
(43.3)		 36.9
(98.4)
Average high °C (°F) −13.5
(7.7)		 −7.5
(18.5)		 1.9
(35.4)		 12.8
(55.0)		 20.5
(68.9)		 25.3
(77.5)		 27.4
(81.3)		 25.9
(78.6)		 21.0
(69.8)		 11.7
(53.1)		 −1.2
(29.8)		 −11.6
(11.1)		 9.4
(48.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) −20.1
(−4.2)		 −14.9
(5.2)		 −4.5
(23.9)		 6.2
(43.2)		 13.9
(57.0)		 19.7
(67.5)		 22.5
(72.5)		 20.7
(69.3)		 14.2
(57.6)		 5.2
(41.4)		 −6.7
(19.9)		 −17.5
(0.5)		 3.2
(37.8)
Average low °C (°F) −26.1
(−15.0)		 −22.0
(−7.6)		 −10.8
(12.6)		 −0.1
(31.8)		 7.3
(45.1)		 14.5
(58.1)		 18.1
(64.6)		 16.2
(61.2)		 8.3
(46.9)		 −0.4
(31.3)		 −11.8
(10.8)		 −22.9
(−9.2)		 −2.5
(27.6)
Record low °C (°F) −41.7
(−43.1)		 −38.4
(−37.1)		 −30.8
(−23.4)		 −15.7
(3.7)		 −5.5
(22.1)		 3.5
(38.3)		 9.5
(49.1)		 6.8
(44.2)		 −4.0
(24.8)		 −19.1
(−2.4)		 −30.4
(−22.7)		 −35.4
(−31.7)		 −41.7
(−43.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 4.6
(0.18)		 4.2
(0.17)		 11.9
(0.47)		 23.0
(0.91)		 61.3
(2.41)		 91.1
(3.59)		 151.5
(5.96)		 127.3
(5.01)		 61.9
(2.44)		 29.5
(1.16)		 16.2
(0.64)		 9.0
(0.35)		 591.5
(23.29)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 6.3 4.7 7.2 8.3 12.9 14.0 13.9 13.9 10.4 8.6 7.6 8.7 116.5
Average snowy days 8.0 6.2 8.1 2.4 0.1 0 0 0 0 2.1 8.6 11.0 46.5
Average relative humidity (%) 75 72 68 61 64 74 82 84 78 71 73 76 73
Mean monthly sunshine hours 170.2 199.8 238.8 231.9 240.9 234.5 222.4 216.5 223.0 188.3 155.6 144.9 2,466.8
Percent possible sunshine 60 68 64 57 52 50 47 50 60 56 56 54 56
Source: China Meteorological Administration[4][5][6]

Administrative divisions

There are eight towns in the county:[7][8]

Towns
  • Tonghe (通河镇)
  • Wuyapao (乌鸦泡镇)
  • Qinghe (清河镇)
  • Nonghe (浓河镇)
  • Fengshan (凤山镇)
  • Xiangshun (祥顺镇)
  • Sanzhan (三站镇)
  • Fulin (富林镇)

Demographics

The population of the district was 234,662 in 1999.[9]

Transport

See also

References
  1. Google (2014-07-02). "Tonghe" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved 2014-07-02.
  2. Harbin Statistical Yearbook 2011 (《哈尔滨统计年鉴2011》). Accessed 8 July 2014.
  3. 2010 Census Harbin primary statistics report (《哈尔滨市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报》). Accessed 8 July 2014.
  4. 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  5. "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  6. 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）. China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-09-21.
  7. 2011年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：通河县 (in Chinese (China)). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 2013-02-10.
  8. "国家统计局 2019" (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 2021-12-07.
  9. National Population Statistics Materials by County and City - 1999 Period, in China County & City Population 1999, Harvard China Historical GIS
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