Queen Jangsun

Queen Jangsun (Korean: 장순왕후; Hanja: 章順王后; 3 March 1445 – 14 January 1462[1]), of the Cheongju Han clan, or known as Crown Princess Consort Jangsun (장순빈) during her lifetime, was the first wife of Yejong of Joseon.

Queen Jangsun
장순왕후
章順王后
Queen consort of Joseon (posthumously honored)
Crown Princess consort of Joseon
Tenure11 April 1460 – 14 January 1462
PredecessorCrown Princess Su
SuccessorCrown Princess Shin
Born3 March 1445
Died14 January 1462 (1462-01-15) (aged 16)
Noksa Ahn Gi’s private residence, Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon
Burial
Gongneung Tomb 89, Samneung-ro, Jori-eup, Paju, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea
SpouseYejong of Joseon
IssueYi Bun, Grand Prince Inseong
Posthumous name
휘인소덕장순왕후 (徽仁昭德章順王后)
HouseCheongju Han
FatherHan Myeong-hoe
MotherInternal Princess Consort Hwangryeo of the Yeoheung Min clan
Queen Jangsun
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationJangsun Wanghu
McCune–ReischauerChangseon Wanghu
Birth name
Hangul
Hanja
韓冷伊
Revised RomanizationHan Naeng-yi
McCune–ReischauerHan Naeng-i

Life

Early life

Han Naeng-yi was born on 3 March 1445 into the Cheongju Han clan to Han Myeong-hoe and his wife, Lady Min of the Yeoheung Min clan. She was the third child of five children. Her mother was a cousin of Queen Jeongsun’s mother, and her maternal grandfather who was also the maternal granduncle of the queen; making her and the Queen be second cousins. Queen Jeonghyeon was her first twice removed as her great-grandmother was her paternal grandaunt. Her youngest sister, Han Song-yi, would eventually become the future Queen consort of Joseon.

Life as crown princess

At the age of 15, Lady Han was chosen to be the wife and Crown Princess Consort of King Yejong, known then as Yi Hwang, Grand Prince Haeyang, in 1460. She is said to have been favored by her father-in-law King Sejo for her quiet character and beautiful appearance. On 31 December 1461, 30 November 1461 in the lunar calendar, she gave birth to Wonson (Yejong's eldest son, Grand Prince Inseong).

Death

The Crown Princess died fourteen days later in her quarters after battling postpartum sickness at the age of 16.

King Sejo was saddened by the death of his daughter-in-law, who he considered his favorite. She was called from Princess Jangsun to Crown Princess Jangsun.

For her posthumous title, “Jang” (Hangul: 장, Hanja: 章) was for being gentle, generous, and beautiful. “Sun” (Hangul: 순, Hanja: 順) was for being docile and self-benevolent; becoming Crown Princess Jangsun (Hangul: 장순빈, Hanja: 章順嬪). When her brother-in-law and step son-in-law, King Seongjong, ascended the throne, her posthumous title changed to Queen Jangsun (Hangul: 장순왕후, Hanja: 章順王后).

Because she was posthumously honored as Queen, her mother was given the royal title of “Internal Princess Consort Hwangryeo” (황려부부인, 黃驪府夫人), and her father was granted the royal title of “Internal Prince Sangdang” (상당부원군, 上黨府院君). These royal titles were kept the same when Han Song-yi became Queen as well.

Her tomb is Gongneung located in Samneung, Bongilcheon-ri, Jojo-eup, Paju, Gyeonggi Province. It is said that she was given a ritual worthy rite and was an example for future queens to follow.

Her only son, Grand Prince Inseong, died two years later but a son, Yi Ong (서성부정 이옹; 1487 - 1510), from Yi Jaeng, Prince Hoewon (회원군 이쟁), who was also an adoptive son of Yi Jun, Prince Gwiseong (귀성군 이준) and Princess Consort Cheonan, a younger sister of Queen Ansun, and another son, Yi Seok, Prince Jeokseong (적성군 이석; 1484 - 1539), from a royal relative were posthumously made his adopted children to continue his line.

Aftermath

A year after the crown princess’ death, three girls from the Yangban class were brought in as concubines for the king. With this, the King decided to choose one from the three to be elevated to Queenship. Royal Consort Suk-ui from the Cheongju Han clan (later Queen Ansun) was soon chosen and became Queen consort of Joseon in 1463. The new Queen was also a third cousin of the late crown princess.

At 10 years old, Han Song-yi, the Crown Princess’ younger sister, was arranged to marry the 9 year old Yi Hyeol, Grand Prince Jalsan; Crown Prince Uigyeong’s and Crown Princess Consort Su’s youngest son, on 12 January 1467. As the grand prince’s wife, her royal title became “Princess Consort Cheonan” (Hangul: 천안군부인).

But with King Yejong dying in 1470, and with the influence of the Cheongju Han clan from Han Myeong-hoe and Han Hwak (Queen Dowager Insu’s father), the newly turned Queen Dowager Inhye’s sons were considered ineligible. Thus passing the throne to Queen Dowager Insu’s son, Grand Prince Jalsan, that same year; which then changed her younger sister’s status from princess consort to queen consort.

But the young Queen unfortunately faced the same fate as her older sister and died from an unknown illness at the age of 17 on 9 May 1474.

King Seongjong gave the posthumous title of using “Gong” (Hangul: 공, Hanja: 恭) on praising and docilely serving her in-law’s, and used “Hye” (Hangul: 혜, Hanja: 惠) for her generosity, tenderness, and kindness; becoming Queen Gonghye (Hangul: 공혜왕후, Hanja: 恭惠王后).

Family
  • Father − Han Myeong-hoe (26 November 1415 – 28 November 1487) (한명회)
    • Uncle − Han Myeong-jin (한명진, 韓明溍) (1426 - 1454)
      • Aunt - Lady Kwon of the Andong Kwon clan (안동 권씨)[2]
        • Unnamed male cousin
        • Cousin - Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan (청주 한씨, 淸州 韓氏)
    • a) Grandfather − Han Gi (1393 – 1429) (한기, 韓起)
      • b) Great-Grandfather − Han Sang-jil (한상질, 韓尙質) (1350 - 10 January 1400/1410)[3]
        • c) Great-Great-Grandfather − Han Su (한수, 韓脩) (1333 - 1384)
        • c) Great-Great-Grandmother − Lady Kwon of the Andong Kwon clan (안동 권씨, 安東 權氏)
      • b) Great-Grandmother − Princess Consort Changhwa of the Cheongpung Song clan (창화군부인 청풍 송씨, 昌化夫夫人 淸風 宋氏); daughter of Song Shin-ui (송신의), Han Sang-jil’s second wife
    • a) Grandmother − Lady Yi of the Yeoju Yi clan (증 정경부인 여주 이씨, 贈 貞敬夫人 驪州李氏);[4] daughter of Yi Cheok
  • Mother − Internal Princess Consort Hwangryeo of the Yeoheung Min clan (? – 1479/1490) (황려부부인 여흥 민씨, 黃驪府夫人 驪興 閔氏)[5]
    • a) Grandfather − Min Dae-Saeng (1372 – 1467) (민대생, 閔大生)[6]
    • a) Grandmother − Lady Heo of the Yangcheon Heo clan (양천 허씨, 陽川 許氏)
  • Siblings
    • Older sister − Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan (청주 한씨, 淸州 韓氏)
      • Brother-in-law - Shin Ju (신주, 申澍) of the Goryeong Shin clan (고령 신씨, 高靈 申氏) (1434 - 21 February 1456)
        • Nephew - Shin Jong-heub (신종흡, 申從洽) (1454 - ?)
        • Nephew - Shin Jong-ok (신종옥, 申從沃) (1455 - ?)
        • Nephew − Shin Jong-ho (신종호, 申從濩) (1456 - 1497)
          • Niece-in-law - Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (전주 이씨) (? - 1539)[7]
            • Grandnephew − Shin Hang (신항, 申沆) (1477 - 1507)
              • Grandniece-in-law - Princess Hyesuk (혜숙옹주, 惠淑翁主) (6 September 1478 - ?)[8]; King Seongjong’s eldest daughter
            • Grandniece - Lady Shin of the Goryeong Shin clan (고령 신씨, 高靈 申氏)
            • Grandniece - Lady Shin of the Goryeong Shin clan (고령 신씨, 高靈 申氏)
            • Grandnephew - Shin Gwing (신굉, 申浤)
            • Grandnephew - Shin Sun (신순, 申洵)
            • Grandnephew - Shin Jam (신잠, 申潛)
    • Older sister − Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan (청주 한씨, 淸州 韓氏)
      • Brother-in-law - Yun Ban (윤반, 尹磻) of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨, 坡平 尹氏) (1442 - 1502)[9][10]
        • Niece - Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨, 坡平 尹氏)
        • Niece - Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨, 坡平 尹氏)
          • Nephew-in-law - Yi Su-ryang (이수량, 李守諒) of the Gwangju Yi clan
        • Niece - Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨, 坡平 尹氏)
          • Nephew-in-law - Moon Mi-su (문미수, 文眉壽) of the Nampyeong Moon clan
        • Niece - Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨, 坡平 尹氏)
          • Nephew-in-law - Yang Suk (양숙, 梁淑) of the Namwon Yang clan
        • Niece - Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨, 坡平 尹氏)
          • Nephew-in-law - Choi Myeong-son (최명손, 崔命孫) of the Jeonju Choi clan
        • Nephew - Yun Su-kang (윤수강, 尹秀崗) (1462 - ?)
        • Nephew - Yun Su-ryun (윤수륜, 尹秀崙)
    • Younger brother - Han Bo (한보, 韓堡) (1447 - 1522)
      • Sister-in-law - Lady Yi of the Hansan Yi clan (한산 이씨)[11]
        • Nephew − Han Gyeong-gi (한경기, 韓景琦) (1472 - 1529)
          • Niece-in-law - Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (숙인 전주 이씨, 淑人 全州 李氏)[12]
          • Niece-in-law - Lady Kim of the Eonyang Kim clan (숙인 언양 김씨, 淑人 彦陽 金氏)
            • Grandnephew - Han Hyeob (한협, 韓勰)[13]
            • Grandnephew - Han Song (한숭, 韓嵩)[13]
        • Niece - Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan (청주 한씨, 淸州 韓氏)
          • Nephew-in-law - Yi Gwang (이광, 李光) of the Pyeongchang Yi clan
        • Nephew - Han Gyeong-jong (한경종, 韓景琮)
          • Niece-in-law - Lady Kim of the Gwangsan Kim clan (광산 김씨)
            • Grandnephew - Han Hyeon (한현, 韓絢) (1510 - ?)
            • Grandniece - Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan (청주 한씨, 淸州 韓氏)
              • Grandnephew-in-law - Yi Man-nyeon, Prince Boseong (보성군 이만년)
            • Grandniece - Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan (청주 한씨, 淸州 韓氏)
              • Grandnephew-in-law - Yun Heung-ui (윤흥의, 尹興義) (1519 - ?); Yun Im’s son and Queen Janggyeong’s nephew
            • Grandniece - Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan (청주 한씨, 淸州 韓氏)
              • Grandnephew-in-law - Yi Hui-yeol (이희철, 李希哲) of the Pyeongchang Yi clan
        • Nephew − Han Gyeong-chim, Lord Cheongnyeong (청녕위 한경침, 韓景琛) (1482 - 1498)
          • Niece-in-law - Princess Gongshin (공신옹주, 恭愼翁主) (11 March 1481 - 7 February 1549); King Seongjong’s third daughter
            • Grandnephew - Han Chan (한찬, 韓瓚)
            • Grandnephew - Han Kang (한강, 韓綱)
        • Nephew - Han Gyeong-hwan (한경환, 韓景環)
          • Grandnephew - Han Yu (한유, 韓維)
          • Grandnephew - Han Yu (한유, 韓績)
        • Nephew - Han Gyeong-sun (한경순, 韓景珣)
          • Grandnephew - Han Jeok (한작, 韓綽)
        • Niece - Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan (청주 한씨, 淸州 韓氏)
          • Nephew-in-law - Jo Eun-ryang (조은량, 趙殷良)
        • Nephew - Han Gyeong-ham (한경함, 韓景{王+咸})
        • Niece - Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan (청주 한씨, 淸州 韓氏)
          • Nephew-in-law - Yi Gyeong-son (이경손, 李敬孫)
    • Younger sister - Queen Gonghye of the Cheongju Han clan (공혜왕후 한씨) (8 November 1456 - 30 April 1474)[14]
  • Husband
  • Children
    • Son - Yi Bun, Grand Prince Inseong (인성대군 이분, 仁城大君 李糞) (31 December 1461 - 4 December 1463)
      • Adoptive grandson - Yi Seok, Prince Jeokseong (적성군 이석) (1484 - 1539)
      • Adoptive grandson - Yi Ong, Prince Seoseong of the Third Junior Rank (서성부정 이옹) (1487 - 1510)
    • Stepson - Yi Hyeol, Grand Prince Jalsan (조선 성종) (19 August 1457 - 19 January 1495)

See also

References
  1. In Lunar calendar, the Queen was born 16 January 1445 and died 5 December 1461
  2. She is the younger sister of Kwon Ram
  3. His only daughter and child, Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan (청주 한씨, 淸州 韓氏), from his first wife, Lady Yi of the Gyeongju Yi clan (경주 이씨), eventually became the great-grandmother of Queen Jeonghyeon
  4. Her brother, Yi Ja (이자, 李孜), married Princess Jaeryeong (재령군주) who was the eldest daughter of Grand Prince Yangnyeong and Princess Consort Suseong. They had 5 children (2 sons, 3 daughters) and from their 21 grandchildren, 2 married into the Cheongju Han clan.
  5. Lady Min is the cousin of Queen Jeongsun’s mother
  6. His is the maternal granduncle of Queen Jeongsun
  7. She is the second daughter of Yi Kang, Prince Uichang (의창군 이강) and Princess Consort Yangwon of the Yeonan Kim clan (양원군부인 연안 김씨; 1429 - 1482). Prince Uichang was the second son of King Sejong with Royal Noble Consort Shin
  8. Through her adoptive son, Shin Su-gyeong (신수경, 申秀涇; 1501 - ?), his son Shin Ui, Lord Yeongcheon (영천위 신의; 1530 - 21 January 1584) married Princess Gyeonghyeon (the third daughter of Queen Munjeong and King Jungjong) in 1541.
  9. Yun Ban is a first cousin once removed of Queen Jeonghyeon
  10. He is the son of Princess Jeonghyeon and the grandson of King Sejong
  11. She was the eldest daughter and child of Princess Biin (비인현주; 12 June 1427 - 24 December 1514) and Yi Hu (이훈, 李塤; 1 June 1429 - 15 May 1481). Princess Biin was the only daughter of Grand Prince Hyoryeong and Princess Consort Yeseong of the Haeju Jeong clan
  12. Daughter of Yi Yi, Prince Gyerim (계림군 이이) was the eldest son of Yi Hye, Prince Seosan (서산군 이혜; 1420 - 1451) and the grandson of Grand Prince Yangnyeong.
  13. Conceived by a commoner concubine
  14. Her younger sister eventually became her “legal daughter-in-law” as King Seongjong’s parents (Crown Princess Han and Crown Prince Uigyeong) weren’t Queen and King at the time
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