Portal:Anarchism/Anniversaries/August

• 1889: Der Anarchist, a German-language anarchist-communist periodical, makes its first appearance in St. Louis, Missouri.
• 1909: A workers' revolt in Catalonia leaves over 1,000 dead.
• 1995: A pier is squatted for the first time in Brighton, England.
• 2003: The Earth Liberation Front burn down a 206-unit condominium being built in San Diego, California causing damage in excess of $50 million.

Edit August 1 anniversaries

• 1861: Fernando Tarrida del Mármol, Cuban activist, intellectual and originator of anarchism without adjectives, is born in Havana.
• 1894: The Italian anarchist Sante Geronimo Caserio is condemned to die by a Rhône court for the assassination of French President Sadi Carnot.
• 1909: Tragic Week, a series of bloody confrontations between the army and the working classes of Catalonia, is ended when troops brought from Castile crush the nascent revolt.
• 1922: Mécislas Charrier, French individualist anarchist and illégaliste is guillotined in Paris.
• 1972: Paul Goodman, radical intellectual, anarchist academic and co-founder of Gestalt Therapy, dies.

Edit August 2 anniversaries

• 1907 - The Spanish anarcho-syndicalist labor federation Solidaridad Obrera was founded.
• 1910 - Ricardo Flores Magón was freed from the jail in Florence, Arizona.
• 1927 - Massachusetts Governor Alvan T. Fuller refused to intervene in the coming execution of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti.
• 1987 - France's Radio libertaire received a license to broadcast after a six-year fight with the government.

Edit August 3 anniversaries

Laurent Tailhade

• 1872 - National conference in Rimini, Italy, gives birth to the Federazione Anarchica Italiana (FAI).
• 1873 - Cantonal rebellion: The Cantons of Cádiz and Tarifa are dissolved.
• 1878 - Peter Kropotkin begins a six week visit to Spain this summer, meeting up with José García Viñas in Barcelona. He finds the revolutionary character of the trade unions here inspirational & brings a new focus to the anarchist Jura Federation upon his return to Switizerland.
• 1878 - Sergey Stepnyak-Kravchinsky assassinates General Nikolay Mezentsov in Saint Petersburg.
• 1919 - Laurent Tailhade (b. 1854; pictured) dies. French poet, writer, anarchist polemist, opium addict (La noire idole), translator (Satyricon de Pétrone).
• 1920 - Count de Salvatierra, ex-governor of Barcelona (the "Pacifier of Barcelona," responsible for the repression of the CNT, & the "ley de fugas" murders of 30 trade unionists) is shot down by several anarchists. Salvatierra had been lying low because of threats to his life. Police attribute the attack to Ramón Casanellas & Pere (Pedro) Matheu, who are responsible similar previous actions.
• 1931 - Paul Avrich (d. 2006) born.
• 1966 - Billy Murcott arrives in San Francisco, California. Joins longtime friend, anarchist Emmett Grogan, to collaborate on various undertakings including the founding of the Diggers.
• 2000 - Salvador Clement (b. 1916) dies, at Montélimar, France. Spanish militant anarcho-syndicalist, active with the CNT, took refuge in France with the failure of the Spanish Revolution.

Edit August 4 anniversaries

• 1846 - Emilio Covelli (d. 1915) born, Italy.
• 1874 - Andrea Costa is arrested.
• 1882 - The "Bande Noire" of anarchist miners makes one of its first attacks against clericalism by throwing the Croix de Mission du Bois du Verne to the bottom of the mine in Montceau-les-Mines, Burgundy.
• 1890 - Prominent Christian anarchist and founder of the Hopedale Community, Adin Ballou, dies.
• 1910 - Constant Marie, "Le Père Lapurge" (b. 1838), dies.
• 1928 - Gaetano Grassi dies.
• 1936 - Pierre Van Passen conducts an interview with Buenaventura Durruti. Origin of "We are not in the least afraid of ruins...We carry a new world here, in our hearts, & that world is growing in this minute."
• 1936 - Spanish Revolution: The Popular Executive Committee of Valencia is recognized by the Spanish Republic.
• 1936 - James Colton, who married Emma Goldman in 1925 to provide her British citizenship, dies of cancer.
• 1982 - Albert Guigui-Theral (b. 1903) dies, in Thonex, Switzerland.

Edit August 5 anniversaries

• 1881: Benjamin Tucker's individualist anarchist magazine Liberty (pictured) is issued for the first time.
• 1894: The trial of the thirty, an anti-anarchist show trial aimed at legitimizing the lois scélérates, begins in Paris.
• 1927: The Massachusetts high court hears the final plea of Sacco and Vanzetti. Boston and the home of the Mayor of Baltimore are bombed in protest.
• 1934: American anarchist and Beat poet Diane di Prima is born.
• 1970: Los Angeles Yippies invade Disneyland, hoisting the New Nation flag over City Hall.

Edit August 6 anniversaries

• 1859 - Emile Hugonnard (aka Michel) born, Lyon, France.
• 1873 - Cantonal rebellion: The Canton of Valencia is dissolved.
• 1897 - Albert Perrier (or Perier), aka Germinal, (d. 1977) born, in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
• 1900 - The anarchist periodical Regeneración, published by the Flores Magón brothers makes its debut.
• 1925 - Ricardo Mella (b. 1861) dies, Spanish anarchist. Headed publishing teams of Solidaridad, El Libertario, Acción Libertaria.
• 1960 - Nick Rock'n'Roll, Polish anarchist and punk rocker, is born in Simferopol.
• 1963 - Ramón Vila Capdevila (b. 1908) dies.
• 1973 - Emile Bauchet (b. 1899) dies, Villers-Sur-Mer, France.
• 1999 - Three anarchists arrested & accused of fire attacks on multinational firms. They are members of the "Silvestre" group in Pisa, Italy

Edit August 7 anniversaries

Ross Winn

• 1849 - Vera Zasulich is born into a noble family in Russia. Later becomes an anarchist revolutionary before joining the Mensheviks.
• 1873 - Cantonal rebellion: The Canton of Algeciras is dissolved.
• 1897 - Italian anarchist Michele Angiolillo assassinates Spanish Prime minister Antonio Cánovas del Castillo and allows the authorities to arrest him.
• 1912 - Ross Winn (pictured), Texan anarchist writer and publisher, dies from tuberculosis.
• 1918 - Michel Zevaco, French journalist, novelist, publisher, film director, and anti-clerical anarchist activist, dies.
• 1936 - Spanish Civil War: The Iron Column leaves Valencia, headed for the Teruel front.

Edit August 8 anniversaries

• 1888 - During a meeting of the terrassiers strikers Joseph Tortelier (1854-1925), an ardent advocate of the "General Strike," is selected as their lawyer.
• 1898 - Vassil Ikonomov born (d. 1925), Aïtos, Bulgaria.
• 1938 - Emma Goldman offers the International Institute of Social History (IISH) her unpublished sketches & large collection of newspaper clippings as well as Alexander Berkman's diary. She agrees to help IISH obtain other collections of personal papers from her circle of anarchist friends.
• 2002 - Peter Neville, anarchist sociologist and activist, dies.

Edit August 9 anniversaries

• 1860 - Jules Leroux born (d. 1926).
• 1879 - Paul-Eugene Trouiller (or Troullier) born.
• 1897 - Anarchist theoretician and militant Fernando Tarrida del Mármol is expelled from France.
• 1923 - Italian-American anarchist Carlo Tresca (pictured) is suddenly arrested in the United States on the charge of publishing anti-fascist literature.
• 1934 - Anarchist conference at Stelton, N.J., August 10-11, organized to discuss the creation of an English-language anarchist weekly; Emma Goldman contributes in writing her ideas on anarchists building alliances with other groups.
• 1937 - Spanish Revolution: The Regional Defence Council of Aragon is officially disbanded by the Spanish Republic in a coup d'état and over 700 anarchists are arrested
• 1953 - Alexander Nakov, anarchist militant, is released from Bulgarian prison.
• 1965 - Confederación Nacional del Trabajo's General Congress held in of Montpellier, Spain. (August 10-16)

Edit August 10 anniversaries

• 1873 - Cantonal rebellion: The Canton of Murcia is dissolved.
• 1882 - Volin (d. 1945) born. (pictured)
• 1898 - In Brussels, Belgium, the police chief of Monmaerts tries to arrest the anarchist Henri Willems at his home, & is welcomed with gun shots. Willems flees.
• 1905 - Salvador Planas y Virella's weapon fails during assassination attempt against Manuel Quintana, President of Argentina.
• 1917 - The first issue of Golos Truda (or Goloss Truda; The Voice of Labor), published in Russia.
• 1921 - Léon Prouvost dies, St-Raphaël, France. Known as the "Libertarian Philanthropist". He bequeathed part of his fortune to André Lorulot.
• 1935 - Jean-Gabriel Goujon (b. 1859) dies, France. Militant co-operatavist & anarchist.
• 1964 - Stuart Christie is arrested in Madrid, Spain while attempting to assassinate Francisco Franco.
• 2000 - The North American Anarchist Conference, from August 11-17, in Los Angeles. A transcontinental gathering of anarchists in the days before the 2000 Democratic National Convention

Edit August 11 anniversaries

Abel Paz

• 1861 - Luigi Galleani, Italian anarchist, is born (1861-1931).
• 1873 - Cantonal rebellion: The Canton of Granada is dissolved.
• 1894 - In Paris, France, the Procès des trente ("Trial of the Thirty"), which began August 6, comes to a close.
• 1920 - Bernard Voyenne (d. 2003) born.
• 1921 - Abel Paz (pictured) is born in Almería, Spain.
• 1944 - Jehan Jonas (d. ) born.
• 1958 - Goliardo Fiaschi, Italian partisan, anti-fascist & anarchist guerilla , & Luis Agustín Vicente appear before a Court Martial, with Fiaschi receiving a prison term of 20 years & one day, with Vicente receiving 24 years & four months. The two guerillas had entered Spain a year ago with José Lluís Facerias who was killed in a separate ambush.
• 1975 - Laurance Labadie (b. 1898) dies, aged 78. Individualist anarchist, son of Joseph Labadie.
• 1992 - Anarchist composer & musician John Cage (b. 1912) dies, New York City.

Edit August 12 anniversaries

• 1871 - Hippolyte Havel (d. 1950) born (appears to be some question of exact date), Thabor, Austria.
• 1882 - Tonight in France "Bande Noire" strikes in the Montceau-les-Mines. The famed "Bande Noire" — made up of anarchist mine workers — again attack clericalism by stealing religious trinkets.
• 1890 - Lucien Barbedette (d. 1942) born, Mayenne, France.
• 1917 - Eugene Vigo (b. 1883) dies in prison. Father of French surrealist/anarchist filmmaker Jean Vigo.
• 1917 - Anarchists participate in nationwide general strike throughout the country of Spain.
• 1993 - The Long Haul infoshop opens, Berkeley, California.

Edit August 13 anniversaries

Pietro Gori

• 1865 - Pietro Gori (d. 1911; pictured) born, in Messina, Italy.
• 1887 - Rirette Maîtrejean (Anna Estorges) born.
• 1890 - Rafael Farga i Pellicer (b. 1840?) dies.
• 1898 - Elise Freinet (d. 1981) born.
• 1901 - Mercedes Comaposada Guillen (d. 1994) born, Barcelona, Spain.
• 1924 - Colin Ward born.
• 1935 - In the middle of this month Alexander Berkman returns to Nice, France.
• 1937 - Spanish Civil War: The Battle of Santander begins with a nationalist offensive.
• 1969 - Hem Day (b. 1902) dies.

Edit August 14 anniversaries

Louise Michel

• 1870 - Louise Michel (pictured) takes part in a demonstration organized to protest yesterday's arrest of the Blanquists Eudes & Brideau. She carries a petition (begun by Michelet) in their favor, to General Trochu, military governor of Paris.
• 1907 - Carmen Conde (d. 1996) born, in Cartagena.
• 1913 - Anarchist Congress of the Fédération communiste-anarchiste révolutionnaire assembles in Paris, France (August 15-17) at Maison des syndiqués. Includes Yves Bidamant, Sébastien Faure, Jean Grave, Jane Morand, Henriette Tilly & Charles-Ange Laisant.
• 1920 - In Florence, Italy, a national meeting of Italian anarchists is held to intensify solidarity & agitation for victims of political repression.
• 1928 - Spartaco Stagnetti, a militant trade union secretary and anarcho-syndicalist in Rome, Italy, dies, while banished by the fascists to the island of Ustica.
• 1935 - Paul Signac (b. 1863) dies.
• 1939 - The fiftieth anniversary of Emma Goldman's entry into anarchist ranks; she organizes a celebration for September to mark the occasion & to create a long-term Spanish Relief Fund.
• 1965 - Founding of the Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria (MIR), in Chile.

Edit August 15 anniversaries

• 1856 - Pierre Martin born (dit le Bossu; 1856-1912).
• 1890 - Ernesto Alvarez issues the first number of the weekly La Anarquía in Madrid, Spain.
• 1895 - Emma Goldman sails to England under the name "Mrs. E. G. Brady" fearing that her real identity as an anarchist would limit her freedom to travel in Europe. Funds for her travel & a portion of living expenses are provided by Modest Stein.
• 1902 - Jean Barrue born (d. 1989), Bordeaux, France.
• 1902 - Paquita Jolis Puig born (d. 1982)..
• 1919 - Conchita Guillen Bertoli born, Valencia, Spain.
• 1940 - Raphael Friedeberg (b. 1863) dies.
• 1962 - Fidel Castro bans anarchist publications & public activities in Cuba, crippling the Cuban anarchist movement.
• 1996 - Robert Lynn (b. 1924) dies, age 72.

Edit August 16 anniversaries

Edward Abramowski

• 1868 - Edward Abramowski (pictured) born (d. 1918).
• 1875 - Georges Gillet born (d. 1951).
• 1883 - Jeanne Morand (also called Jane) born (d. 1969).
• 1885 - Clara Meijer-Wichmann born (d. 1922).
• 1895 - Nicholas Lazarevitch born (d. 1975), near Liège, Belgium.
• 1913 - Maynard Shipley debates with the renowned anarchist Emma Goldman, in Everett, Washington.
• 1939 - Toma Ŝik born (d. 2004).
• 1944 - Francisco Ponzán Vidal (b. 1911) dies.
• 1963 - Francisco Franco wrongly executes the anarchists Francisco Granados & Joaquín Delgado in the Carabanchel prison, for crimes they did not commit.

Edit August 17 anniversaries

• 1886 - Jewish anarchist Sholom Schwartzbard was born.
• 1893 - The day after a riot of the unemployed, Emma Goldman addresses a public meeting in New York City, urging those in need to take bread if they are hungry. Tomorrow evening she helps lead a procession of several hundred anarchists to Union Square, where, among many other speakers, she addresses a crowd of the unemployed.
• 1925 - Warlaam Tcherkesoff (or Tcherkezov) dies, London. Georgian Prince, anarchist militant and collaborator of that other Prince, Peter Kropotkin. "Ambassador of Georgian patriots". Incisive early critic of Marxism.
• 1969 - Jean Goldschild (d. 1890) dies (aka Goldsky, or Jacques Guerrier).

Edit August 18 anniversaries

Camillo Berneri

• 1864 - Joan Montseny (aka Federico Urales) born (d. 1942), Reus, Spain.
• 1877 - Pierre Jules Ruff born (d. 1942), Algiers, Algeria. Arrested & perished in a Nazi concentration camp.
• 1888 - In Seville, Spain, Ricardo Mella republishes the newspaper Solidaridad.
• 1894 - Large anarchist gathering in New York welcomes Emma Goldman back. Among the speakers are Voltairine de Cleyre, English anarchist Charles Mowbray, & Italian anarchist Maria Roda.
• 1897 - Cesare Zaccaria born (d. 1961), Genova.
• 1903 - Strandzha Commune established.
• 1921 - Georges Darien dies.
• 1936 - Camillo Berneri (pictured), after organizing an Italian anarchist column within the Francisco Ascaso Column in the Pedralbes barracks (renamed "Bakunin"), with Angeloni & de Santillán (from the CNT-FAI), leaves Barcelona for the Aragonese front.
• 2000 - Luce Fabbri (b. 1908) dies.
• 2006 - Great Lakes Anarchist Gathering, Bowling Green, Ohio, (August 19-20th).

Edit August 19 anniversaries

• 1886 - Sentences are handed down against The Haymarket Trial defendants. Found guilty despite the obvious innocence of some, seven anarchists are condemned to death: George Engel, Samuel Fielden, Adolph Fischer, Louis Lingg, Albert Parsons, Michael Schwab & August Spies (pictured). Oscar Neebe is sent to prison for 15 years. A small measure of grace intervenes for Schwab & Fielden, their sentences reduced to life imprisonment on November 10, 1887. The hangings take place on November 11, 1887.
• 1913 - The Chinese anarchist journal, Hui-ming-lu ("The Voice of the Cock Crowing in the Dark"), begins publication (ceases in 1916).
• 1934 - Fredy Perlman born in Brno, Czechoslovakia.
• 1937 - Founding National Congress of the anarchist women's group, Mujeres Libres, in Valencia, Spain.
• 1975 - Beginning date of Lluis Fernandez The Naked Anarchist, a Catalonian gay novel, a heady mix of literature & scandal in post-Franco Spain.
• 1989 - José Peirats (b. 1908) dies.
• 1996 - Maria Occhipinti (b. 1921) dies, in Rome, Italy.
• 1999 - Jesús Guillen Bertolin (aka Guillembert) dies, Béziers.

Edit August 20 anniversaries

• 1869 - Fortuné Henry born, Limeil-Brévannes, France.
• 1927 - Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis (pictured) refuses to hear request for stay of execution in the case of the anarchists Nicola Sacco & Bartolomeo Vanzetti.
• 1930 - Goliardo Fiaschi (d. 2000) born.
• 1937 - Emma Goldman travels to Nice & later in the month to St. Tropez for her final stay at Bon Esprit, which is sold shortly after her departure for Spain the following month, temporarily freeing Goldman from financial worries & allowing her to continue her work for the anarchists in Spain.
• 1944 - Eugène Dieudonne (b. 1884) dies. Individualist, illegalist anarchist & member of the Bonnot Gang.
• 1973 - Juan Portales Casamar (b. 1922) dies, near Paris, France.

Edit August 21 anniversaries

• 1897 - In response to criticism from anarchists that she had glorified Antonio Cánovas del Castillo's murder (by Michele Angiolillo), Emma Goldman defends her position at a small meeting in New York.
• 1908 - Famed photographer & anarchist Henri Cartier-Bresson born (d. 2004).

Edit August 22 anniversaries

• 1837 - Etienne Faure born (d. 1911).
• 1871 - Alfred Sanftleben (aka "Slovak") born (d. 1952), Thuringe, Germany.
• 1893 - Emma Goldman lectures in the Brownsville section of Brooklyn, before traveling to Philadelphia. While in Philadelphia, Goldman meets German anarchist Max Baginski & American-born anarchist Voltairine de Cleyre for the first time.
• 1907 - The arrest of Mexican anarchists Ricardo Flores Magón, Antonio Villarreal & Librado Rivera after their hiding place has been discovered.
• 1927 - Italian immigrant anarchists Ferdinando Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti (pictured) executed.
• 1936 - Camillo Berneri, after organizing an Italian column within the Francisco Ascaso Column in the Pedralbes barracks (renamed "Bakunin"), takes part in the harsh engagements on the "bare mountain," where the anarchists Mario Angeloni, Vincenzo Perrone & Michele Centrone died.
• 1948 - Adrienne Montegudet (née Victorine Valdant) (b. 1885) dies.
• 1956 - Ernst Frick (b. 1881) dies.

Edit August 23 anniversaries

• 1898 - Francisco Quintal born (d. 1987), à Funchal (Ile de Madère), Portugal.
• 1907 - The International Anarchist Congress of Amsterdam begins, gathering delegates from 14 countries for eight days.
• 1937 - Spanish Revolution: The Sovereign Council of Asturias and León declares independence from the Spanish Republic.
• 1943 - Simone Weil dies in Ashford, Kent, England.

Edit August 24 anniversaries

• 1873 - Charles Gogumus born (d. 1915), Dijon, France. Militant syndicaliste révolutionnaire, anarchiste et antimilitariste.
• 1918 - First Pan-Russian Conference of anarcho-syndicalists held at Moscow, between August 25-September 1.
• 1922 - Ángel Pestaña is ambushed by a rightwing death squad.
• 1994 - The five-volume juvenile series, João Pão: as Aventuras de um Menor Abandonado ("The Adventures of Joao Pao, an Abandoned Youth") by the anarchist writer Roberto Freire, published today.

Edit August 25 anniversaries

• 1899 - René Lochu born (d. 1989).
• 1907 - Congrés Internacional Anarquista (International Anarchist Congress) held at Amsterdam, Netherlands, between the 26th and 31st.
• 1930 - Louis Eugène Jakmin (aka Jacquemin) dies.
• 1937 - Spanish Civil War: The Interprovincial Council of Santander, Palencia and Burgos is disestablished with the Fall of Santander and republicans begin to evacuate Cantabria.
• 1986 - Boris Franteschini (b. 1914) dies due to complications caused by lung cancer.

Edit August 26 anniversaries

1927 -- Paris: Thousands turn out for violent protests over deaths of Sacco and Vanzetti.

1954 -- Keith J. Blake born. Co-author La Côte de la Terre (The Edge of the Earth, (c) 1977) with Stephen A. Gagne

Edit August 27 anniversaries

• 1919 - Seattle mayor, Ole Hanson, demands "hang or incarcerate all anarchists for life."
• 1921 - Ukrainian War of Independence: The Free Territory is disestablished, with the remaining forces of the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine fleeing to Romania.
• 1936 - Spanish Civil War: The Harriers Column leaves Barcelona, as the last of the confederal militia columns headed for the Aragon front.

Edit August 28 anniversaries

• 1900 - Gaetano Bresci is convicted of the murder of Italian King Umberto I and sentenced to seven years on Santo Stefano Island
• 2003 - Earth Liberation Front spray-paint concrete walls and construction equipment at a Wal-Mart construction site in Fairbanks, Alaska.

Edit August 29 anniversaries

Christiaan Cornelissen

• 1864 - Birth of Dutch anarchist Christiaan Cornelissen
• 1873 - Cantonal rebellion: The Canton of Orihuela is proclaimed.
• 1930 - Zo d'Axa committed suicide.
• 1957 - Josep Lluís i Facerias killed by Spanish police in Sant Andreu.

Edit August 30 anniversaries

Leon Czologsz

• 1901 - Leon Czolgosz (pictured) moves to Buffalo, New York in preparation for the assassination of U.S. President William McKinley a week later.
• 1907 - The weeklong International Anarchist Congress of Amsterdam ends.
• 1930 - Solidaridad Obrera resumes publication following the ousting of dictator Miguel Primo de Rivera and the founding of the Second Spanish Republic.

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Edit August 31 anniversaries