Otoglossum

Otoglossum is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae, native to South America and Central America.[1][2][3][4]

Otoglossum
Otoglossum harlingii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Cymbidieae
Subtribe: Oncidiinae
Genus: Otoglossum
(Schltr.) Garay & Dunst.
Type species
Otoglossum hoppii
Synonyms[1]
  • Brevilongium Christenson
  • Ecuadorella Dodson & G.A.Romero

Description

They are plants of ovoid pseudobulbs spaced in long, along a creeping or ascending upward rhizomes, with thick and tanned leathery leaves. The inflorescence is axillary, racemosa, erect, starting from the sheaths of the pseudobulbs, racemous, erect, with many rather large and wavy or curly, rounded flowers.

The petals and sepals have similar shapes and sizes, with very frizzy, oval, large margins, somewhat concave. The lip is inserted at the base of the column. The spine is short, sometimes with dorsal calluses. The spine is short, apodes, sometimes with dorsal calluses before the stigmatic cavity, small wings or auricles, and terminal anther somewhat inserted under the terminal margins of the spine.

Taxonomy

In 2001 Mark W. Chase and Norris Williams subordinated the Oncidium section Serpentia to Otoglossum. The species in this section, Oncidium serpens, Oncidium sanctipauli, Oncidium harlingii and Oncidium globuliferum, have few and widely spaced flowers at first glance, very similar to those of Oncidium varicosum, long repeating rhizomes like those of Rodriguezia, show frequent sprouting of new plants in the nodules of ancient floral stems, and morphologically have little in common with Otoglossum other than the scandal habit.

Species
SectionImageNameDistributionElevation (m)
section Otoglossum Otoglossum arminii (Rchb.f.) Garay & Dunst.Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil1800 - 2700
Otoglossum axinopterum (Rchb.f.) Garay & Dunst.Ecuador500 - 2500
Otoglossum brachypterum (Rchb.f.) Garay & Dunst.Peru
Otoglossum candelabrum (Linden ex Pérot) Jenny & GarayColombia, Ecuador1500 - 1600
Otoglossum chiriquense (Rchb.f.) Garay & Dunst.Costa Rica, Panama800 - 3000
Otoglossum dayanum (Rchb.f.) Jenny & GarayPeru
Otoglossum hoppii (Schltr.) Garay & Dunst.Colombia
Otoglossum virolinense P.Ortiz & JennyColombia2400
Otoglossum weberbauerianum (Kraenzl.) Garay & Dunst.Peru2000 - 2300
section Brevilongium Otoglossum brevifolium (Lindl.) Garay & Dunst.Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia900 - 2800
Otoglossum harlingii (Stacy) N.H.Williams & M.W.ChaseEcuador1800 - 3100
Otoglossum globuliferum (Kunth) N.H.Williams & M.W.ChaseCosta Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru400 - 2400
Otoglossum palaciosii (Dodson) M.W.Chase & N.H.WilliamsEcuador1650
Otoglossum sancti-pauli (Kraenzl.) N.H.Williams & M.W.ChaseColombia, Venezuela1100 - 1300
Otoglossum scansor (Rchb.f.) Carnevali & I.Ramírez in J.A.Steyermark & al.Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil750 - 1950
Otoglossum serpens (Lindl.) N.H.Williams & M.W.ChaseColombia, Ecuador, Peru1500 - 2700

Distribution

Otoglossum, according to its new definition already expanded to include the aforementioned section of Oncidium, then groups about thirteen epiphytic species, occasionally terrestrial, in rule of scandal growth, that inhabit humid, fresh and cold mountainous areas from Costa Rica to Peru until the altitude of three thousand meters, over trees or rocky escarpments. Three species registered for Brazil, two belonging to the old section of Odontoglossum and one to Oncidium.

See also

References
  1. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. Szlachetko, Dariusz L. & Kolanowska, Marta (2014). "Generic delimitation of the genera Brevilongium and Otoglossum (Orchidaceae) with description of new species from Colombia and Panama". Plant Biosystems. doi:10.1080/11263504.2014.916363.
  3. Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.C. & Rasmussen, F.N. (2009). Epidendroideae (Part two). Genera Orchidacearum 5: 1-585. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  4. Jenny, R. (2010). Otoglossum, una revisión taxonómica. Orquideología 27: 63-95.

Further reading
  • Berg Pana, H. 2005. Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee. Ulmer, Stuttgart
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