Madame Rosa

Madame Rosa (French: La vie devant soi) is a 1977 French drama film directed by Moshé Mizrahi, adapted from the 1975 novel The Life Before Us by Romain Gary. It stars Simone Signoret and Samy Ben-Youb, and tells the story of an elderly Jewish woman and former prostitute in Paris who cares for a number of children, including an adolescent Algerian boy. The film required a transformation in Signoret's appearance as Madame Rosa.

Madame Rosa
Film poster
Directed byMoshé Mizrahi
Written byMoshé Mizrahi
Produced byJean Bolvary
StarringSimone Signoret
Michal Bat-Adam
Samy Ben-Youb
Gabriel Jabbour
Geneviève Fontanel
CinematographyNéstor Almendros
Edited bySophie Coussein
Music byDabket Loubna
Philippe Sarde
Distributed byWarner Bros.
(through Warner-Columbia Film)
Release date
  • 2 November 1977 (1977-11-02)
Running time
105 minutes
CountryFrance
LanguageFrench
Box office$2.6 million[1]

The film was viewed in context of Arab–Israeli conflicts, and received positive reviews. It won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, while Signoret won the César Award for Best Actress for her performance.

Plot

In Belleville, Paris, Madame Rosa, an elderly French Jew and Holocaust survivor who worked as a prostitute, now runs a boarding home for the children of prostitutes. One of them is Momo, an Algerian boy who is believed to be 11. Although Madame Rosa is Jewish and sometimes makes racist comments about Momo, she raises Momo as a Muslim in respect of his heritage, taking him to her friend Mr. Hamil for instruction in religion, French literature, and Arabic at the Grand Mosque. She is in fact concealing the fact that Momo is 14, expressing strong skepticism about official documents and what they can or cannot prove, and, as a result, is unable to send him to a regular primary school.

Momo steals a dog from a pet shop. He later impulsively sells the dog for 500 francs and stuffs the money into the sewer. Rosa, who regards Momo as a troublemaker, takes him to her physician Dr. Katz under the belief that he is syphilitic or mentally ill. Momo later follows her after she has a nightmare about the Auschwitz concentration camp to discover her hidden Jewish space under the staircase, and the two begin to develop a closer bond. Later, after Momo dresses himself up as a prostitute and a real prostitute takes him to a cafe run by a friend of Madame Rosa's believing that he needs help, Madame Rosa makes Momo swear never to prostitute himself or become a procurer. In a park, Momo meets a female film editor, and she tells him he can visit her lab any time he likes.

Madame Rosa is in exceedingly poor health and begins experiencing dementia, at times having flashbacks to the Vel d’Hiv roundup and falling back into the belief that she will be arrested by the French Police and sent back to Auschwitz. Mr. Hamil also begins to have dementia, taking solace in the writings of Victor Hugo. After she has a bad fall on the stairs, Dr. Katz informs Momo that she has many health issues including hypertension. She refuses to be hospitalized. Momo believes she should be euthanized. When told by Dr. Katz that euthanasia contradicts French values, Momo replies he is not French and that Algerians believe in self-determination. Momo's father, who spent time in an asylum after murdering Momo's mother, returns to try to collect Momo, but Madame Rosa tricks him into believing that she raised him as a Jew and he suffers a fatal stroke. Momo is with Madame Rosa when she retreats to her Jewish space under the staircase to die, and is discovered with her body three weeks later. Afterwards, he goes to live with the film editor.

Cast

Production
Israeli director Moshé Mizrahi made the film after moving to France.

Israeli director Moshé Mizrahi made the film after moving to France.[2] While the film was based on a novel, Mizrahi was also inspired to make the film from having been raised in Egypt, Israel and Palestine. As actress Simone Signoret said: "He's immersed in the two cultures, Arab and Jews. They're his two loves".[3]

Casting

Signoret, who starred as Madame Rosa, was initially advised by her husband Yves Montand not to take the role, and refused it for a year. Signoret explained why she was eventually persuaded to play the part, saying, "A role like that comes every 20 years. It is a cake. She is everything— liar, sincere, gourmand, poor, stupid, intelligent, warm, nasty. And she dies on top of that. If I had said 'no,' and another woman had played it, I would have been sick".[4]

She had to gain significant weight for the part, with Mizrahi choosing undersized dresses with floral decorations to accentuate the weight gain.[5] Signoret was in her 50s at the time, and was made to appear 10 years older, with her wrinkles accentuated and her cheeks widened with cotton. Her legs were also padded.[4]

Reception

Box office

With two million viewers, La vie devant soi was a great success in France.[6] Its success may have been aided by the popularity of the TV series Madame le judge, which Signoret starred in.[7]

The film opened on 19 March 1978 at the Plaza Theater in New York City.[8] It made $5.2 million in the United States.[9]

Critical reception

Madame Rosa met "acclaim" in North America.[10] Vincent Canby, writing for The New York Times, judged that Moshé Mizrahi's direction of the film was beautiful, and Madame Rosa was "a tremendous character", Signoret's "best role in years".[8] Molly Haskell, writing for New York, interpreted the story as "a wishful fable of Israeli-Arab reconciliation", and said it "managed to get to" her.[11] The Wisconsin Jewish Chronicle praised it as "an unforgettable film", asking, "How can a film about pimps, whores, transvestites and average people who populate Belleville in France be a film about love and human kindness? ...It's a story of warmth and understanding between Arab and Jew".[12] Anna Simons of The Harvard Crimson stated the film "is carried to near perfection by Simone Signoret's brilliant rendition of Madame Rosa and Samy Ben Youb's impressive performance as Momo".[13]

James Monaco's 1992 The Movie Guide, reviewing the VHS, gave Madame Rosa three and a half stars, stating it "handles its underlying conflicts—between Arabs and Jews, between Nazis and Jews—well, and explores its mixed racial and cultural milieu with grace, sensitivity and subtlety".[14] In 2013, Xavier Leherpeur of L'Express described Signoret as unforgettable in the film.[15] In his 2015 Movie Guide, Leonard Maltin gave it two and a half stars, describing it as "aimless".[16] Madame Rosa has an approval rating of 88% on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 8 reviews, and an average rating of 7.4/10. [17]

Accolades

Madame Rosa's release, at a time when U.S. President Jimmy Carter was negotiating a peace between Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin, boosted its campaign at the Academy Awards,[6] where it ultimately won for Best Foreign Language Film. While the film represented France, Mizrahi became the first Israeli director whose film won the award.[3] Critic Molly Haskell believed the award, "in the principle of compensation", was balanced by Vanessa Redgrave winning the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, allowing Redgrave to make a controversial statement in favour of the Palestine Liberation Organization.[11] In response to Redgrave's speech, Mizrahi commented, "Basically, she's right".[18] In France, Signoret won the César Award for Best Actress, which she had not received before.[19]

Award Date of ceremony Category Recipient(s) Result Ref(s)
Academy Awards 3 April 1978 Best Foreign Language Film Moshé Mizrahi Won [20]
César Awards 4 February 1978 Best Actress Simone Signoret Won [21]
Best Production Design Bernard Evein Nominated
Best Sound Jean-Pierre Ruh Nominated
Golden Globes 28 January 1978 Best Foreign Language Film Madame Rosa Nominated [22]
Los Angeles Film Critics Association 16 December 1978 Best Foreign Language Film Moshé Mizrahi Won [23]

See also

References
  1. Donahue, Suzanne Mary (1987). American film distribution : the changing marketplace. UMI Research Press. p. 302. Please note figures are for rentals in US and Canada
  2. Rosenfeld 2013, p. 369.
  3. Sandomir, Richard (15 August 2018). "Moshe Mizrahi, 86, Who Won an Oscar for 'Madame Rosa,' Is Dead". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  4. Andriotakis, Pamela (12 June 1978). "At 57, Simone Signoret Decides 'it Is Useless to Hang Onto the Branches of Youth'". People. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  5. Hayward 2004, p. 204.
  6. Hayward 2004, p. 206.
  7. Hayward 2005, p. 335.
  8. Canby, Vincent (19 March 1978). "Screen: Moishe Mizrahi's 'Rosa'". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  9. Balio 2010, p. 311.
  10. May & Bird 1982, p. 38.
  11. Haskell, Molly (24 April 1978). "Momo Meets Momus". New York. p. 70.
  12. "Madame Rosa: A Film To See". The Wisconsin Jewish Chronicle. 27 July 1978. p. 7.
  13. Simons, Anna (24 May 1978). "Substance Over Form". The Harvard Crimson. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  14. Monaco 1992, p. 510.
  15. Leherpeur, Xavier (19 July 2013). "L'immigration dans le cinéma français, un bilan mitigé". L'Express. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  16. Maltin 2014.
  17. "Madame Rosa (1978)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  18. Callahan 2014.
  19. Lanzoni 2015, p. 522.
  20. "The 50th Academy Awards (1978) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 2012-04-01.
  21. "La vie devant soi". AlloCiné. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  22. "Madame Rosa". Golden Globe Awards. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  23. "4th Annual Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards". Los Angeles Film Critics Association. Archived from the original on 29 April 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2016.

Bibliography
  • Balio, Tino (2010). The Foreign Film Renaissance on American Screens, 1946–1973. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299247935.
  • Callahan, Dan (15 May 2014). "Ellida and Julia". Vanessa: The Life of Vanessa Redgrave. Pegasus Books. ISBN 978-1605985930.
  • Hayward, Susan (22 June 2004). Simone Signoret: The Star as Cultural Sign. New York and London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 0826413943.
  • Hayward, Susan (2005). French National Cinema (2nd ed.). Psychology Press.
  • Lanzoni, Remi Fournier (22 October 2015). French Cinema: From Its Beginnings to the Present (2nd ed.). New York, London, New Delhi and Sydney: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1501303098.
  • May, John R.; Bird, Michael, eds. (1982). Religion in Film. University of Tennessee Press.
  • Maltin, Leonard (September 2014). Leonard Maltin's 2015 Movie Guidee. Penguin Group. ISBN 978-0698183612.
  • Monaco, James (1992). The Movie Guide. Perigee Books. ISBN 0399517804.
  • Rosenfeld, Alvin H., ed. (2013). Resurgent Antisemitism: Global Perspectives. Indiana University Press.
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