List of events named massacres
The following is a list of events for which one of the commonly accepted names includes the word "massacre".[1]
The St. Bartholomew's Day massacre (August 23, 1572) in Paris, France (painting by François Dubois)
Definition
Massacre is defined in the Oxford English Dictionary as "the indiscriminate and brutal slaughter of people or (less commonly) animals; carnage, butchery, slaughter in numbers". It also states that the term is used "in the names of certain massacres of history".[2]
The first recorded use in English of the word massacre in the name of an event is due to Christopher Marlowe, who in c. 1600 referred to what is now known as the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre as "The massacre at Paris".[3]
Massacre can also be used as a verb, as "To kill (people or, less commonly, animals) in numbers, esp. brutally and indiscriminately".[4] The first usage of which was "(c. 1588) Men which make no conscience for gaine sake, to breake the law of the æternall, and massaker soules (...) are dangerous subjects",[4] and this usage is not recorded in this list.
There are many alternative terms with similar connotations, such as butchery, carnage, bloodbath, mass killing, atrocity, etc. as well as euphemisms such as Vespers, Blutgericht or "attack", "incident", "tragedy" (etc.), use of which are outside the scope of this list.
Massacre is also used figuratively to describe dramatic events that did not involve any deaths, such as the "Hilo massacre" and the "Saturday Night Massacre"; this usage is also outside of the scope of this list.
Before or in 1945
| Date | Location | Name | Deaths | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 260 BC | State of Zhao | Battle of Changping | 400,000 | Live burial of surrendered State of Zhao soldiers during Qin's wars of unification.[5] |
| 207 BC | Xin'an, Qin dynasty | Xin'an massacre | 200,000+ | Live burial of surrendered Qin dynasty soldiers after the Battle of Julu.[6] |
| 61 | Anglesey, Britannia | Menai massacre | Unknown | Gaius Suetonius Paulinus ordered the Roman army to destroy the Celtic Druid stronghold on Anglesey in Britain, sacking Druidic colleges and sacred groves. The massacre helped impose Roman religion on Britain and sent Druidism into a decline from which it never recovered.[7][8] |
| 193 | Xu Province, Eastern Han dynasty | Massacre of Xuzhou | Hundred-thousands | Warlord Cao Cao invaded several cities of Xu Province after his father, Cao Song, was killed in the province. Dead bodies of civilians blocked the Si River.[9] |
| 390 | Thessaloniki, Macedonia | Massacre of Thessaloniki[10] | 7,000 | Emperor Theodosius I of Rome ordered the executions after the citizens of Thessaloniki murdered a top-level military commander during a violent protest against the arrest of a popular charioteer.[11][12] |
| 627 | Fortress of Banu Qurayza, Saudi Arabia | Massacre of Banu Qurayza[13] | 600–900 | Muhammad ordered his followers to attack the Banu Qurayza because according to Muslim tradition he had been ordered to do so by the angel Gabriel.[14][15][16][17][18][19] Muhammad had a treaty with the tribe which was betrayed. 600–900 members of the Banu Qurayza (all males old enough to have pubic hair, all of whom were non-combatants) were beheaded, while the women and children of the tribe were sold into slavery (Tabari, Ibn Ishaq).[17][18][20] Al Waqidi influence is in Ibn Ishaqs biography. Stillman and Watt deny the authenticity of al-Waqidi.[21] Al-Waqidi has been frequently criticized by Muslim Ulama, who claim that he is unreliable.[22][23] A reliable source says all the warriors were killed based on Sa'd ibn Mu'adh judgement whom was appointed by Banu Qurzaya for arbitration.[24][25][26] 2 Muslims were killed.[17] |
| 782 | Verden, Lower Saxony, Germany | Massacre of Verden[27] | 4,500 | Charlemagne ordered the massacre of 4,500 imprisoned rebel pagan Saxons in response to losing two envoys, four counts, and twenty nobles in battle with the Saxons during his campaign to conquer and Christianize the Saxons during the Saxon Wars.[28] |
| November 13, 1002 | various cities, England | St. Brice's Day massacre[29] | Unknown | King Æthelred II "the Unready" of England ordered all Danes living in England killed. The Danes were accused of aiding Viking raiders. The King of Denmark, Sweyn Forkbeard, invaded England and deposed King Ethelred in 1013.[30][31][32] |
| 1033 | Fez, Morocco | 1033 Fez massacre | 6,000+ | Following their capture of the city of Fez from the Maghrawa tribal confederation, warriors of the Zenata Berber Banu Ifran tribe slaughtered over 6,000 Moroccan Jews. |
| December 30, 1066 | Granada, Al-Andalus | Massacre of the Jews of Granada[33] | 4,000 | Apparently angered by a rumour that Jewish vizier Joseph ibn Naghrela intended to assassinate the king and take the throne for himself, a Muslim mob killed him and hung his body on a cross. The mob went on to kill the Jewish population of the city.[34][35][36][37] |
| 1096 | Rhineland, Germany and France | Massacre of the Rhineland Jews[38] | 12,000[39] | Series of mass murders of Jews perpetrated by mobs of French and German Christians of the People's Crusade. |
| 1099 | Jerusalem, Fatimid Caliphate | Jerusalem Massacre[40][41] | Thousands | The culminating massacre of the First Crusade: Frankish expeditionary forces broke into besieged Jerusalem (then part of the Fatimid Caliphate) and killed Muslims and Jews. |
| May 1182 | Constantinople, Byzantine Empire | Massacre of the Latins[42] | 60,000–80,000 | Wholesale massacre of all Latin (Western European) inhabitants of Constantinople by a mob. |
| 1209 | France | Massacre at Béziers | 15,000+ | First major military action of the Albigensian Crusade |
| 1258 | Baghdad | Siege of Baghdad (1258) | 250,000+ | Siege of Baghdad (1258) |
| 1282 | Kingdom of Sicily | Massacre of the French in Sicily[43] | 3,000 | Revolt against king Charles I, starting the War of the Sicilian Vespers |
| March 21, 1349 | Erfurt, Holy Roman Empire (now Germany) | 1349 Erfurt massacre | 100+ | Against the backdrop of the Black Death persecutions, members of Erfurt's Jewish community were lynched. Any survivors were expelled from the city. |
| mid-14th century | Crow Creek Site, Great Plains, North America | Crow Creek massacre[44][45] | 500[46] | Prehistoric massacre of Central Plains villagers in what is now South Dakota, involving scalping and dismemberment of the victims.[46][47] |
| 1370 | Brussels, Duchy of Brabant (now part of Belgium) | Brussels massacre | 6–20 | When a clerical usury scandal led to allegations of host desecration, multiple local Jews were executed or otherwise killed and the rest of the Jewish community was banished. |
| October 21, 1490 | Monzievaird, Scotland | Massacre of Monzievaird | 120–160 | Immediately following the Battle of Knock Mary, members of the Highland Scottish clans Drummond and Campbell burned the old kirk at Monzievaird, killing many Clan Murray folk holed up inside it. |
| April 1506 | Lisbon, Portugal | Lisbon massacre | 1,900+ | When a New Christian expressed skepticism about an apparent miracle, he was dragged out of the Church of São Domingos and beaten to death by an enraged crowd. Afterwards, New Christians in general were scapegoated for drought and plague sweeping the country at the time. Encouraged by seditionist Dominican friars, mobs of local townspeople and foreign sailors tortured and killed nearly 2,000 known or suspected New Christians for alleged heresy and deicide. |
| 1517 | Aleppo, Syria | Massacre of the Telal | 9,400 | A firman was issued by newly declared caliph Selim I about massacring the Alawite in the city of Aleppo. |
| May 22, 1520 | Tenochtitlan, Aztec Empire, Central America | Massacre in the Great Temple of Tenochtitlan | Thousands | Spanish troops and Tlaxcalan allies under the command of conquistador Pedro de Alvarado killed a large number of Aztec priests, nobles and warriors in the Templo Mayor for unclear reasons. |
| November 8, 1520 | Stockholm, Sweden | Stockholm massacre[48] | 80–90[49] | Days after his coronation in Stockholm, King Christian II of Denmark—trying to maintain the Kalmar Union, a personal union between Sweden, Norway and Denmark, and thus keep up his claims to the Swedish throne—liquidated nobles and bishops who earlier had opposed him, or who might stir up fresh opposition.[50][51][52] |
| November 16, 1532 | Cajamarca, Atahualpa, Peru | Cajamarca massacre | ~2,000 | The Battle of Cajamarca was the unexpected ambush and seizure of the Inca ruler Atahualpa by a small Spanish force led by Francisco Pizarro, on November 16, 1532. The Spanish killed thousands of Atahualpa's counsellors, commanders and unarmed attendants in the great plaza of Cajamarca, and caused his armed host outside the town to flee. The capture of Atahualpa marked the opening stage of the conquest of the pre-Columbian Inca civilization of Peru. |
| 1545 | Mérindol, Vaucluse, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France | Mérindol massacre | Hundreds or even thousands | Francis I of France ordered that the Waldensians of the village of Mérindol be punished for their dissident religious activities. Provençal and papal soldiers killed large numbers of Waldensian villagers. |
| March 1, 1562 | Wassy, France | Massacre of Vassy | 63 | The murder of Huguenot worshipers and citizens in an armed action by troops of Francis, Duke of Guise. |
| April 12, 1562 | Sens, France | Massacre of Sens | 100 | French Catholics tied 100 French Huguenots to poles and drowned them in the Yonne. |
| 1570 | Cyprus | Cyprus massacre | 30,000–50,000[53][54][55][56] | Ottoman forces capturing Cyprus killed mostly Greek and Armenian Christian inhabitants. |
| 1570 | Novgorod, Tsardom of Russia | Massacre of Novgorod | 2,000–60,000 | Oprichniki were unleashed upon the city of Novgorod by Ivan the Terrible. |
| August 23, 1572 | Paris, France | Massacre of St. Bartholomew's Day[57] | 5,000–70,000[58] | The French King's soldiers and subjects slaughtered Huguenots; it was the first massacre to be labeled by that word in the English language.[58][59][60] |
| November 1574 | Belfast, Ireland | Clandeboye massacre | 200 | During a meeting between The Earl of Essex and Sir Brian McPhelim O'Neill at Belfast Castle, the English forces turned on the O'Neills and killed 200 of them. |
| July 26, 1575 | Rathlin Island, Ireland | Rathlin Island massacre | ~600 | A massacre of MacDonnell clansmen by English forces. |
| October 10, 1580 | Kerry, Ireland | Massacre of Smerwick[61] | ~600 | English troops commanded by Lord Grey de Wilton massacred Italian and Spanish forces at Dun an Oir in West Kerry[62] |
| July 3, 1586 | Junkersdorf, Holy Roman Empire (now part of Cologne's Third District) | Junkersdorf massacre | 108 | During the Cologne War, marauding soldiers in the employ of prince-elector Archbishop Ernest of Bavaria attacked a civilian convoy. |
| January 22–24, 1599 | Acoma Pueblo, New Mexico | Acoma Massacre | ~800 | Spanish conquistadors launch an expedition and massacre Acoma people |
| October 1603 | Manila, Captaincy General of the Philippines | Chinese massacre of 1603 | 15,000–25,000[63] | Fearing an uprising by the large Chinese community in the Philippines, the Spanish colonists carried out a preemptive massacre, largely in the Manila area, in October 1603. |
| 1621 | Banda Islands | Banda massacre | 2,500-3,000 | Dutch East India Company forces massacred indigenous inhabitants.[64] |
| March 22, 1622 | Jamestown, Virginia | Jamestown massacre[65][66] | 347 | The Powhatans killed 347 settlers, almost one-third of the English population of the Virginia colony. |
| 1636 | Liuqiu Island, Taiwan | Lamey Island Massacre[67] | ~300 | Dutch forces massacred indigenous inhabitants. |
| May 26, 1637 | Mystic, Connecticut | Fort Mystic massacre[68] | 400–700 | Connecticut colonists under the command of Captain John Mason and Narragansett and Mohegan allies set fire to a fortified Pequot village near the Mystic River. |
| November 1639 | Luzon, Captaincy General of the Philippines | "Chinese massacre of 1639"[69] | 17,000–22,000[63] | The Spanish and their Filipino allies carried out a large-scale massacre, in which 17,000 to 22,000 Chinese rebels died. |
| 1641 | Ulster, Ireland | Ulster massacres | 4,000–12,000 | The Ulster Massacres were a series of massacres and resulting deaths amongst the ~40,000 Protestant settlers which took place in 1641 during the Irish Rebellion.[70][71][72] |
| November 1641 | Portadown, Ireland | Portadown massacre | ~100 | The Portadown massacre took place in November 1641 at what is now Portadown, County Armagh. Up to 100 mostly English Protestants were killed in the River Bann by a group of armed Irishmen. This was the biggest massacre of Protestant colonists during the 1641–42 uprising.[73] |
| May 28, 1644 | Bolton, England | Bolton massacre | 200–1,600 | Royalist forces killed many of the town's defenders and citizens.[74][75][76] |
| 1645 | Yangzhou, China | Yangzhou massacre | Up to 800,000 | Qing troops killed residents of Yangzhou as punishment for resistance[77][78] |
| 1645–46[79] | Sichuan, China | Sichuan massacre | 1,000,000 est.[79] | There is no reliable figure, but estimated 1 million out of 3 million Sichuanese died mainly due to the massacre by Zhang Xianzhong's army.[79] |
| 1646 | Dunoon, Scotland | Dunoon massacre | 71 | The Clan Campbell after receiving requested hospitality according to custom, slaughtered their Lamont Clan hosts in their beds and threw their bodies down the well to poison the water should they have missed anyone. |
| 1648 | Lithuania-Poland-Ukraine | Khmelnytsky Uprising | 10s of 1000s | Between 1648 and 1656, tens of thousands of Jews were killed by the rebels, and to this day the Khmelnytsky uprising is considered by Jews to be one of the most traumatic events in their history. |
| June 3, 1652 | Batih Hill, near Ladyzhyn, Ukraine | Batih massacre | 8,000–8,500 | After the Battle of Batih, Zaporozhian Cossacks under the command of Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky carried out a mass execution of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth prisoners of war, horrifying even the Cossacks' own Crimean Tatar allies. |
| August 5, 1689 | Lachine, New France | Lachine massacre | 24–250 | 1,500 Mohawk warriors launch a surprise attack on the small (375 inhabitants) French settlement of Lachine, destroying a substantial portion of it and killing or capturing many of its inhabitants. |
| February 13, 1692 | Scotland | Massacre of Glencoe[80] | 38[81] | Government soldiers, mainly from Clan Campbell, killed members of the Clan MacDonald of Glencoe.[81] |
| January 24–25, 1704 | Ayubale, Apalachee Province, Florida | Apalachee massacre | 1,100+ | British attack Spanish-backed Apalachee settlements. |
| 1705 | Sendling, Germany | Sendling's night of murder | 1,100 | Bavarian peasants rise up and protest, but are killed in infighting. |
| October 27 – November 2, 1708 | Baturyn, Ukraine | Baturyn massacre | ~15,000 | The Muscovite troops of Peter I captured and exterminated the civilians in the Ukrainian city of Baturyn. |
| September 29, 1714 | Hailuoto, Finland (Sweden) | Massacre of Hailuoto[82] | >800 | The Cossacks of the Russian Empire killed inhabitants of the Hailuoto Island with axes during the Great Wrath (part of the Great Northern War).[82] |
| November 29, 1729 | Natchez, Mississippi | Natchez Massacre | 230 | Natchez people attack French civilians in the area after decades of deteriorating relations. |
| June 6, 1736 | Massacre Island, Ontario | Massacre Island (Ontario) | 21 | A mostly Sioux group allegedly killed 21 French explorers. |
| October 9 – November 22, 1740 | Batavia, Dutch East Indies | 1740 Batavia massacre | >10,000 | At least 10,000 Chinese Indonesians in and near Batavia were slaughtered by members of other ethnic groups living in the area, in collaboration with Dutch soldiers.[83] |
| July 8 or 30, 1755 | Blacksburg, Virginia | Draper's Meadow massacre | 5-8 | Shawnee soldiers massacre a family, causing the town to be abandoned. |
| 1756 | Dingman's Ferry Bridge, New Jersey | Hunt-Swartout raid | 5 | Lenape soldiers, allegedly unprovoked, massacred the Swartout family and enslaved 3 neighbors. |
| October 16, 1755 | Snyder County, Pennsylvania | Penn's Creek massacre | 14[84] | A group of Indians attacked settlers on Penn's Creek. |
| November 3, 1757 | Magdalena de Kino, Sinaloa, Mexico | First Magdalena massacre | 31 | Seri people attack a village of Spanish inhabitants |
| 1757 | Strausstown, Pennsylvania | Bloody Springs massacre | One family | A pioneer family in Pennsylvania was massacred during the French and Indian War. |
| July 26, 1764 | Greencastle, Pennsylvania | Enoch Brown school massacre | 11 | Four Lenape killed and scalped the teacher and 10 students |
| 1768 | Uman, Ukraine | Massacre of Uman | 2,000–33,000 | During the Koliivshchyna, a Haydamak rebel leader named Maksym Zalizniak ordered the slaughter of many civilians in the town of Uman, with priority given to targeting Poles, Jews and Uniates. |
| May 10, 1768 | Southwark in South London | Massacre of St George's Fields | 7 | British troops fired at a mob that was protesting at the imprisonment of John Wilkes, whose crime was criticizing King George III. |
| March 5, 1770 | Boston, Province of Massachusetts Bay | Boston Massacre [85] |
5[86] | British troops fired at a mob of colonists. This helped spark the American Revolution even though an all-colonist jury found the soldiers innocent.[87][88] |
| July 17, 1771 | Kugluktuk, Nunavut | Bloody Falls massacre | 20[89] | Chipewyan warriors attacked an Inuit camp, killing men, women and children.[90][91][92] |
| April 30, 1774 | The current site of Mountaineer Casino, Racetrack and Resort, Ohio Country | Yellow Creek massacre | 4+ | Virginian settlers massacre Mingo natives, leading to Lord Dunmore's War |
| March 13, 1775 | Westminster, Vermont | Westminster massacre | 2 | Colonial police shoot two men rioting against being evicted, the aftermath of which leads to the creation of the Vermont Republic |
| mid-November 1776 | Magdalena de Kino, Sinaloa, Mexico | Second Magdalena massacre | Unknown | All of Magdalena de Kino's residents died in an attack from the Seri people |
| September 28, 1778 | River Vale, New Jersey | Baylor Massacre | 15[93] | British infantry troops attacked sleeping Continental Light Dragoons using bayonets.[93] |
| October 15, 1778 | Tuckerton, New Jersey | Little Egg Harbor massacre | 30–50 | British loyalists bayonetted Continental Light Dragoons as they slept. |
| November 11, 1778 | Cherry Valley, New York | Cherry Valley massacre | 44 | A mixed force of Loyalists, British soldiers, and Iroquois of the Mohawk and Seneca tribes descended upon the town of Cherry Valley. They slaughtered 14 of the town's defenders and 30 noncombatants. |
| May 29, 1780 | Lancaster, South Carolina | Waxhaw massacre | 113[94] | Loyalist troops under the command of British Colonel Banastre Tarleton slashed and bayoneted fallen American troops during the late stages of the Battle of Waxhaws. Conflicting contemporary accounts claim violation of an American white flag by one or the other of the sides involved.[95] |
| September 11, 1780 | Luzerne County, Pennsylvania | Sugarloaf massacre | 15[96] | A group of loyalists and Indians during the American Revolutionary War led by Roland Montour attacked a group of American soldiers. |
| 1780 | Kastania, Laconia, Greece | Kastania massacre | 300+ | Ottomans break a Maniot siege and massacre the fleeing population. |
| February 24, 1781 | Alamance County, North Carolina | Pyle's Massacre | 93 | Patriot militia leader Colonel Henry Lee deceived Loyalist militia under Dr. John Pyle into thinking he was British commander Banastre Tarleton sent to meet them. Lee's men then opened fire, surprising and scattering Pyle's force. |
| August 24, 1781 | Aurora, Indiana | Lochry's Defeat | 34–41 | British-Native forces massacre numerous Pennsylvania militiamen, capturing the rest. |
| September 13, 1781 | Floyds Fork, Kentucky | Long Run massacre | 32 | Kentuckian settlers are pushed out by Wyandot during a skirmish. |
| November 29, 1781 | Caribbean Sea, east of Jamaica | Zong massacre | 132–142 | In order to claim on insurance, 132 to 142 African slaves were thrown overboard by the crew of the British slave ship Zong when potable water ran low.[97] |
| March 8, 1782 | Gnadenhutten, Ohio | Gnadenhutten massacre[98] (Moravian massacre) |
96 | Pennsylvania militia men attacked a Moravian mission and killed 96 peaceful Christian American Indians there in retaliation for unrelated deaths of several white Pennsylvanians.[98][99] |
| August 14, 1784 | Sitkalidak Island, Alaska | Awa'uq Massacre | 200–3,000 | Russian fur trader Grigory Shelikhov massacres the Alutiiq natives. |
| July 17, 1789 | Middletown, Kentucky | Chenoweth Massacre | 5 | Last major Native raid in Jefferson County, Kentucky. |
| 1790 | Maui | Olowalu Massacre | ~100 | In retribution for several thefts, maritime fur traders under the command of Simon Metcalfe fired cannons at the approaching canoes of Native Hawaiian villagers. |
| January 2, 1791 | Stockport, Ohio | Big Bottom massacre | 12–14 | Lenape and Wyandot tribesmen massacre a group of American squatters. |
| July 17, 1791 | Champ de Mars, Paris, France | Champ de Mars massacre | 12–50 | Soldiers of the French National Guard fire into a crowd of republican protesters. |
| 1792 | France | September Massacres[100][101] | ~1,440 | Popular courts in the French Revolution sentenced prisoners to death, including around 240 priests.[102] |
| March 11, 1793 | Machecoul, Loire-Atlantique, France | First Massacre of Machecoul | Around 200 | Vendean peasants angered at mass conscription and the Civil Constitution of the Clergy slaughtered many republican troops and officials, along with locals believed to be supporters of the republic. |
| November 21, 1793 | Avranches, France | Avranches massacre | Around 800 | Catholic and Royal Army prisoners of war, and later suspected counterrevolutionaries and royalist sympathizers, were murdered by republican troops. |
| 1794 | Warsaw, Poland | Massacre of Praga | 20,000 | Inhabitants of the Warsaw district Praga were massacred by pillaging Russian troops following the Battle of Praga. |
| August 29, 1797 | Tranent, Scotland | Massacre of Tranent | 12-25+ | British troops shoot Scottish protestors against conscription, and then rape and pillage a nearby village. |
| May 29, 1798 | Gibbet Rath, Curragh, Ireland | Gibbet rath massacre | 300–500 | British troops massacre hundreds of Irish rebels. |
| 1804 | Haiti | 1804 Haiti massacre | 3,000–5,000 | Massacre of French people in Haiti. |
| December 1809 | Whangaroa, New Zealand | Boyd massacre | 66 | Whangaroa Māori killed and ate 66 crew and passengers on board the Boyd.[103] |
| August 30, 1813 | Near Bay Minette, Alabama, United States | Fort Mims massacre | 247 | A force of Creek Indians belonging to the Red Sticks stormed and captured Fort Mims, then killed almost all of the surviving pro-American natives, métis people, white settlers, slaves, and militia still inside it. |
| December 9, 1817 | Madulla, Central Province, Sri Lanka | Madulla massacre | 20 | Soldiers from the 73rd Regiment of Foot attacked a cave where Kandyan rebels were hiding, killing 20 civilians who were hiding in the cave.[104][105] |
| 1818 | Uva Province, Sri Lanka | Uva–Wellassa massacre | Unknown | During the suppression of the 1818 Uva–Wellassa uprising (also known as the Great Rebellion) Sir Robert Brownrigg ordered that all males between 15 and 60 years in the Uva-Wellassa region to be driven out, exiled or killed.[106][107][108][109] |
| August 16, 1819 | Manchester, England | Peterloo Massacre | 11[103] | Manchester and Salford Yeomanry charged a meeting of 60,000–80,000 people campaigning for reform of parliamentary representation.[103] |
| March 1821 | Constantinople | Constantinople Massacre of 1821 | Unknown | Hundreds of Greeks were massacred by the Ottomans, including the Greek patriarch, bishops and officials. |
| August 19, 1821 | Navarino, Peloponnese, Greece | Navarino massacre | 3,000[110] | The whole Turkish population of Navarino, which was around 3000, were killed by Greeks.[110] |
| March 1822 | Chios, Greece | Chios massacre | ~52,000 | Tens of thousands of Greeks on the island of Chios were slaughtered by Ottoman troops in 1822. |
| April 13, 1822 | Naousa, Greece | Naousa massacre | 2,000 | Greek civilians were slaughtered by Ottoman Empire. |
| June 7, 1824 | Kasos, Greece | Kasos massacre | 7,000 | Ottoman-Egyptian army slaughtered Greek civilians |
| February 10, 1828 | Cape Grim, Tasmania, Australia | Cape Grim massacre | 30 | Australian farmers throw Aboriginal Tasmanians off a cliff in reprisal for previous killings of white farmers. |
| April 11, 1831 Marchaterre, | Salsipuedes Creek, Uruguay | Massacre of Salsipuedes | At least 40 | Uruguayan army under command of president Fructuoso Rivera slaughtered the last remains of the indigenous Charrua People, survivors were sent into a forced walk and then sold into slavery. |
| April 6, 1832 | Mitidja, Algeria | Massacre of El Ouffia | 100 | French colonial officials kill all but 4 members of the tribe of El Ouffia. |
| May 21, 1832 | Earlville, Illinois | Indian Creek massacre | 15 | Dispute between settlers and Potawatomi |
| 1833 | Kiowa County, Oklahoma, United States | Cutthroat Gap massacre | 150 | A group of Osage warriors charged into a Kiowa camp and brutally slaughtered everyone there, including children. |
| October 28, 1834 | Pinjarra, Western Australia, Australia | Pinjarra massacre | 16–81 | Colonial settlers killed local Pindjarup people. |
| October 18, 1835 | Portland, Victoria, Australia | Convincing Ground massacre | 60–200 | White whalers massacre Gunditjmara whalers, after tensions had risen. |
| December 28, 1835 | Florida, United States | Dade massacre | 108 | Two U.S. Army companies under the command of Major Francis L. Dade were marching from Fort Brooke (Tampa) to Fort King (Ocala) when they were attacked by about 200 Seminoles. One hundred and eight soldiers were killed; only two men from the command survived. |
| March 27, 1836 | Goliad, Texas | Goliad massacre | ~400 | Around 400 Texians killed by Santa Anna's Mexican Army Presidio la Bahia Goliad Palm Sunday March 27, 1836. |
| January 1838 | Waterloo Creek, Australia | Waterloo Creek massacre[111] | 100–300 | Aboriginal Australians killed by a force of colonial mounted police.[112] |
| February 6, 1838 | uMgungundlovu, KwaZulu-Natal, Zulu Kingdom | Piet Retief Delegation massacre | 100 | Under the orders of Dingane kaSenzangakhona, a Voortrekker delegation led by Piet Retief was seized during land treaty negotiations and taken to the Kwa-Matiwane hillside, where its members and their servants were summarily executed. |
| February 17, 1838 | Around the area of what is now Weenen, KwaZulu-Natal, Zulu Kingdom | Weenen massacre | 532 | Zulu impis sent by Dingane attacked and slaughtered Khoikhoi, Basuto and Voortrekkers who were camped at multiple sites. |
| June 10, 1838 | Myall Creek, Australia | Myall Creek massacre[111] | 28 | A posse (which was mostly white, but included a black African) killed Aboriginal Australians. The perpetrators were convicted and sentenced to death.[113] |
| August 1, 1838 | Victory, Wisconsin | Bad Axe Massacre | 66 | 150 Sauk and Meskwaki killed by the U.S. Army |
| October 5, 1838 | Cherokee County, Republic of Texas | Killough massacre[114] | 18 | In the largest attack by Native Americans on white settlers in Texas, a disaffected band of Cherokee, Caddo, Coushatta, and perhaps other ethnicities formed a war party and killed 18 members of the extended Killough family, who had settled in the area after the Senate of the Republic of Texas nullified the (land) treaty which President Sam Houston had negotiated with the Cherokee. |
| October 30, 1838 | Caldwell County, Missouri, United States | Haun's Mill massacre[115] | 19 | About 240 Livingston County Missouri Regulators, Missouri State militiamen and anti-Mormon volunteers killed 18 Mormons and one non-Mormon friend.[116][117] |
| June 1839 | Central Victoria, Australia | Campaspe Plains massacre | 6–40 | Colonial settlers launch reprisal raids on Djadjawurrung lands. |
| mid-1839 | Camperdown, Victoria, Australia | Murdering Gully massacre | 35–40 | Colonial settlers effectively decimate the Tarnbeere Gundidj clan of the Djargurd Wurrong. |
| March 1, 1840 | Coleraine, Victoria, Australia | Fighting Waterholes massacre | 40–60 | White settlers massacre Indigenous Australians after the latter had allegedly stolen the settlers' sheep. |
| 1840 | Gippsland, Australia | Gippsland massacres[118] | ~450 | A series of massacres spanning several years: 1840 – Nuntin, 1840 – Boney Point, 1841 – Butchers Creek – 30–35, 1841 – Maffra, 1842 – Skull Creek, 1842 – Bruthen Creek – "hundreds killed", 1843 – Warrigal Creek – between 60 and 180 shot, 1844 – Maffra, 1846 – South Gippsland – 14 killed, 1846 – Snowy River – 8 killed, 1846–47 – Central Gippsland – 50 or more shot, 1850 – East Gippsland – 15–20 killed, 1850 – Murrindal – 16 poisoned, 1850 – Brodribb River – 15–20 killed. See also Angus McMillan. |
| January 6, 1842 | Afghanistan | Massacre of Elphinstone's army | 16,000 | Afghan tribes massacred Elphinstone's British army including some 12,000 civilians.[119][120][121] |
| September 17, 1842 | Presidio San Antonio de Béxar, San Antonio, Texas | Dawson massacre | 36 | Texians attempting to surrender are killed during the fog of war. |
| March 25, 1843 | Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico | Black bean episode | 17 | Mexicans tell Texian and American diplomats that 1/10 of the prisoners they captured would die. They force Texians to choose out of a random bowl of beans, and those who chose a black bean were shot. |
| 1843–1846 | Hakkari, Ottoman Empire | Massacres of Badr Khan | ~10,000 | Thousands of Assyrians perished during the massacres. |
| March 5, 1849 | Pleasant Grove, Utah | Battle Creek massacre | 4 | 35 Mormon settlers surrounded a camp of Native Americans and shot the men. |
| February 8–17, 1850 | Provo, Utah | Provo River massacre | 40–100 | Mormon militiamen surrounded an encampment of Native American families and shot all the men and one women over several days, including some who had escaped the siege. |
| October 17 – November 8, 1850 | Aleppo, Syria | Massacre of Aleppo | 5,070 | Muslim residents of the city violently riot against the Christian residents. |
| October 2, 1853 | Nephi, Utah | Nephi massacre | 7 | Native Americans were murdered by Mormon settlers. |
| May 15, 1854 | Round Valley Indian Tribes of the Round Valley Reservation, California | Asbill massacre | 40 | California pioneers searching for gold stumble upon the group of Yuki, and kill them all. |
| May 23–26, 1856 | Franklin County, Kansas | Pottawatomie massacre | 5 | In retaliation for the Sacking of Lawrence by proslavery settlers, John Brown led a band of abolitionist settlers-including some members of the Pottawatomie Rifles—in a massacre of five proslavery settlers north of Pottawatomie Creek. |
| April 8, 1857 | Caborca, Sonora, Mexico | Crabb massacre | 84 | Mexican rebels fought American rebels at Caborca, Sonora. Out of less than ninety Americans, about thirty were killed in battle and the rest were executed by the Mexicans. |
| September 11, 1857 | Mountain Meadows, Utah, United States | Mountain Meadows massacre | 120–140[122][123] | Mormon militia, some dressed as Indians, and Paiute tribesmen killed and plundered unarmed members of the Baker-Fancher emigrant wagon train.[124] |
| May 19, 1858 | Kansas | Marais des Cygnes massacre | 5 | Proslavery leader Charles Hamilton and about 30 men under his command capture 11 Free-Staters from Kansas and takes them to a defile in, where they begin shooting at them. Five of the prisoners are killed, and another five are severely wounded. |
| June 15, 1858 | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | Jeddah massacre of 1858 | ~5,000 | "Hadramites" allegedly massacred the inhabitants of the town. |
| 1859 | Brewarrina, Australia | Hospital Creek Massacre | 300–400 | A White settler abducted an Aboriginal girl, so tribe members warned him to return the girl. He didn't, so both he and the girl were killed. In response, white settlers massacred the tribe. |
| September 2, 1861 | Gallinas Mountains, Confederate Arizona (present-day Lincoln County, New Mexico), Confederate States of America | Gallinas massacre | 3 | A war party of Mescalero Apache attacked a small group of Confederate soldiers, killing three of them. |
| October 17, 1861 | Springsure, Australia | Cullin-la-ringo massacre | 19 (original), 370 (reprisal) | Aboriginals massacred a white family, so the town's white settlers slaughtered Aborigines. |
| December 1861 | Platte County, Missouri | Bee Creek Massacre | 2 | Union troops of the 18th Missouri Infantry Regiment summarily executed two Confederate prisoners of war near the Bee Creek Bridge, a few miles south of Weston, Missouri. |
| August 10, 1862 | Kinney County, Texas, United States | Nueces massacre | 37 | German Texans trying to flee to Mexico to avoid being drafted into the Confederate Army were attacked by Confederate soldiers. |
| October 18, 1862 | Palmyra, Missouri | Palmyra massacre | 10 | In retaliation for the abduction of Andrew Alsman, a local Union supporter, ten Confederate prisonerers were executed on the orders of Colonel John McNeil |
| January 18, 1863 | Madison County, North Carolina, United States | Shelton Laurel massacre | 13 | Thirteen boys and men, accused of being Union sympathizers and spies, were summarily executed by members of the 64th North Carolina Regiment of the Confederate Army.[125] |
| January 29, 1863 | Washington Territory near present day Preston, Idaho United States | Bear River massacre | ~225[126] | 3rd Regiment California Volunteer Infantry destroyed a village of Shoshone in southeastern Idaho.[127] |
| August 21, 1863 | Lawrence, Kansas, United States | Lawrence Massacre | ~150[128][129] | Pro-Confederate bushwhackers known as Quantrill's Raiders attacked the town of Lawrence, Kansas during the American Civil War in retaliation for the Union attack on Osceola, Missouri.[130][131] |
| April 12, 1864 | Henning, Tennessee, United States | Fort Pillow massacre | 350[132] | After their surrender following the Battle of Fort Pillow, most of the Union garrison—consisting primarily of black troops—as well as civilians, including women and children, were massacred by Confederate forces under the command of General Nathan Bedford Forrest.[133][134][135][136] |
| September 27, 1864 | Centralia, Missouri | Centralia Massacre | 24 | Pro-Confederate bushwhackers led by William T. Anderson captured and shot a number of Union soldiers, then scalped and mutilated their corpses. One of the participants was future outlaw Jesse James. |
| November 29, 1864 | Kiowa County, Colorado, United States | Sand Creek massacre | ~200[137] | Colorado Territory 90-day militia destroyed a peaceful village of Cheyenne and Arapaho on the eastern plains.[138][139] |
| January 14, 1865 | Colorado Territory (near present-day Sterling), United States | American Ranch massacre | 8 | Cheyenne and Sioux warriors attacked a ranch and killed eight people, three of them cowboys. |
| April 21, 1866 | Circleville, Utah | Circleville massacre | 27 | Mormon settlers imprisoned then murdered Native American children, women, and men |
| July 30, 1866 | New Orleans, Louisiana | New Orleans massacre of 1866 | 34–200 | Black Republican voters protesting for better rights are attacked by white residents. |
| February 7 – May 1868 | Murujuga, Australia | Flying Foam massacre | 18–153 | Reprisal massacres for the deaths of 3 white workers led to the decline of the Yapurarra people. |
| September 28, 1868 | Opelousas, Louisiana | Opelousas massacre | 150–300 | White supremacists attack a white Republican schoolteacher, and then attack the black residents of Opelousas. |
| November 27, 1868 | Indian Territory, United States | Washita Massacre (1938)[140] | 29–150 | Lt. Col. G. A. Custer's 7th cavalry attacked a village of sleeping Cheyenne led by Black Kettle. Custer reported 103—later revised to 140—warriors, "some" women and "few" children killed, and 53 women and children taken hostage. Other casualty estimates by cavalry members, scouts and Indians vary widely, with the number of men killed ranging as low as 11 and the numbers of women and children ranging as high as 75. Before returning to their base, the cavalry killed several hundred Indian ponies and burned the village.[141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151] |
| 1870 | Montana Territory | Marias massacre | 200 | The massacre of Piegan Blackfeet Native peoples which was committed by the United States Army as part of the Indian Wars. The massacre occurred on January 23, 1870. Most victims were women, children, and older men. |
| 1870 | Tianjin, China | Tianjin Massacre | 60 | Attacks on French Catholic priests and nuns, violent belligerence from French diplomats, and armed foreign intervention in Tianjin. |
| 1871 | San Pedro River, Arizona | Camp Grant massacre | 144 | Aattack on Pinal and Aravaipa Apaches who surrendered to the United States Army at Camp Grant, Arizona. |
| October 24, 1871 | Los Angeles California, United States | Chinese massacre of 1871[152] | 17–20 | A mob of over 500 men entered Chinatown in Los Angeles, rioted, ransacked, then tortured and killed 18 Chinese-Americans, making this among the largest mass lynchings in American history.[153] |
| April 15, 1873 | Colfax, Louisiana | Colfax massacre | 62–153 | KKK and former Confederate soldiers massacre black residents during a standoff. |
| July 1, 1873 | Cypress Hills region, Saskatchewan, Canada | Cypress Hills Massacre | 13 | A group of American and Canadian wolfers got into a dispute with some Assiniboine warriors over a missing horse. Violence broke out in unclear circumstances, causing the deaths of thirteen Assiniboine. |
| August 5, 1873 | Hitchcock County, Nebraska | Massacre Canyon | approx. 65–100 | A Lakota war party attacked a band of Pawnee during their summer buffalo hunt, with many victims mutilated and some set on fire. The victims were mostly women and children.[154] |
| April 30, 1876 | Batak Ottoman Empire | Batak massacre[155][156][157] | 3,000–5,000 | Ottoman army irregulars killed Bulgarian civilians barricaded in Batak's church.[158] |
| July 1876 | Hamburg, South Carolina | Hamburg massacre | 7 | Red Shirts attack a black county in South Carolina. |
| 1878 | Kosovo vilayet | Attacks on Serbs during the Serbian–Ottoman Wars (1876–1878) | Unknown | Albanians refugees from the that were expelled by the Serbian army participated in acts of violence and murders against the Serbs in Kosovo. |
| February 4, 1880 | Lucan Biddulph, Ontario, Canada | Donnelly Massacre | 5 | Biddulph Peace Society vigilantes attack two separate locations and kill 5 members of the Donnelly family. No one is ever convicted of the crime. |
| November 3, 1883 | Danville, Virginia, United States | Danville Massacre | 5 | Racially motivated assault at a market, resulting in five men being killed, four of them black, with violence continuing for several days. It occurred immediately before the elections and contributed to political disfranchisement. |
| April 2, 1885 | Frog Lake, North-West Territories, Canada | Frog Lake Massacre | 9 | Cree warriors, dissatisfied with the lack of support from the Canadian Government for Treaty Indians, and exacerbated by food shortages resulting from the near-extinction of bison, killed nine white settlers, including Indian agent Thomas Quinn.[159][160] |
| September 2, 1885 | Rock Springs, Wyoming, United States | Rock Springs massacre | 28 | Rioting white immigrant miners killed 28 Chinese miners, wounded 15, and burned 75 Chinese homes.[161][162][163] |
| November 1887 | Thibodaux, Louisiana | Thibodaux massacre | 35+ | Members of white paramilitary groups attack striking black sugar cane planation workers. |
| February 4, 1888 | Andalusia, Spain | Rio Tinto massacre | 45+ | Spanish Civil Guard fires on protesting mineworkers and community[164] |
| February 14, 1889 | St. Lucie County, Florida, United States | Jim Jumper massacre | At least 7 | At a Seminole camp northeast of Lake Okeechobee, a biracial (half-black, half-Native American) man named Jim Jumper shot and killed several Seminole for unclear reasons before being killed himself by a Seminole man named Billy Martin. |
| December 29, 1890 | Wounded Knee, South Dakota, United States | Wounded Knee Massacre | 200–300[165] | The U.S. 7th Cavalry intercepted a band of Lakota people on their way to the Pine Ridge Reservation for shelter from the winter; as they were disarming them, a gun was fired, and the soldiers turned their artillery on the Lakota, killing men, women and children.[166][167] |
| August 16, 1893 | Aigues-Mortes, France | Massacre of Italians at Aigues-Mortes | 8–150 | Italian immigrant workers were attacked by French villagers and laborers. |
| 1894–1896 | Armenian Highlands, Ottoman Empire | Hamidian massacres | 100,000–300,000[168] |
Sultan Abdul Hamid II ordered Ottoman forces to kill Armenians across the empire.[168][169][170] |
| November 21, 1894 | Port Arthur (present-day Lu Shunkou), Dalian, China | Port Arthur massacre | 1,000–20,000 | Japanese troops killed somewhere between 1,000 and 20,000 civilians and surrendered Chinese soldiers for two or three days. |
| 1895 | Gutian County, China | Kucheng massacre | 11 | Members of a Chinese cult attacked British missionaries, killing eleven people and destroying two houses. |
| September 10, 1897 | Pennsylvania, United States | Lattimer massacre | 19 | Unarmed striking miners were shot in the back: many were wounded and 19 were killed. |
| January 18, 1900 | Guaymas, Mexico | Mazocoba massacre | ~400 | Mexican Army troops attack Yaqui hostiles west of Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico. |
| July 17, 1900 | Blagoveshchensk and Sixty-Four Villages East of the River | Blagoveshchensk massacre and Sixty-Four Villages East of the River massacre | 7,000 | The Russian Empire invaded the two cities ruled by the Qing Dynasty. A total of 7,000 innocent Chinese civilians were killed in the massacres. |
| 1901 | Kosovo vilayet | 1901 massacres of Serbs | Unknown | Albanian Ottoman loyalists killed Serbian civilians in 1901. |
| January 31, 1902 | Leliefontein, Northern Cape, South Africa | Leliefontein massacre[171] | 35 | During the Second Boer War, Boer forces under Manie Maritz massacred 35 Khoikhoi for being British sympathisers. |
| March 10, 1906 | Bud Dajo, Jolo Island, Philippines | Moro Crater massacre[172][173] | 800–1,000 | A U.S. Army force of 540 soldiers under the command of Major General Leonard Wood, accompanied by a naval detachment and with a detachment of native constabulary, armed with artillery and small firearms, attacked a Muslim village hidden in the crater of a dormant volcano.[174] |
| 1906 | Atlanta, Georgia, United States | Atlanta massacre of 1906 | At least 27 killed, over 90 wounded | White on black violence |
| December 21, 1907 | Chile | Santa María School massacre | 2,200–3,600 | A massacre of striking workers, mostly saltpeter (nitrate) miners, along with wives and children, committed by the Chilean Army in Iquique, Chile. It occurred during the peak of the nitrate mining era, which coincided with the Parliamentary Period in Chilean political history (1891–1925). With the massacre and an ensuing reign of terror, not only was the strike broken, but the workers' movement was thrown into limbo for over a decade. |
| April–May 1909 | Adana Province, Ottoman Empire | Adana massacre | 15,000–30,000 | In April 1909, a religious-ethnic clash in the city of Adana, amidst governmental upheaval, resulted in a series of anti-Armenian pogroms throughout the district, resulting in an estimated 15,000 to 30,000 deaths.[175][176][177][178][179] |
| July 29 – July 30, 1910 | Slocum, Texas, United States | Slocum massacre | 6–200[180] | Armed white mobs massacred black residents of the town of Slocum, Texas. |
| October 23, 1911 | Tripoli, Libya | Battle and massacre at Shar al-Shatt | 290 | 290 Italian soldiers surrender to Ottoman forces, but all are tortured and killed. |
| October 24, 1911 | Mechiya Oasis, Libya | Mechiya Oasis massacre | 4,000 | Italian revenge for the massacre of 290 soldiers the day prior. |
| April 17, 1912 | Near Lena River, Northeast Siberia, Russian Empire | Lena massacre | 270 | Striking gold miners were shot at by Russian troops while marching. |
| October 21, 1912 | Forrahue, Zona Sur, Chile | Forrahue massacre | 16 | Chilean police trying to oust Huilliche homeowners shoot 16 Mapuche dead. |
| 1912–1913 | territories occupied by Serbia, especially in the regions of today's Kosovo, Western Macedonia and Northern Albania | Massacres of Albanians in the Balkan Wars | ~120,000 | Series of mass murders of Albanian civilians perpetrated by the Montenegrin and Serbian armies. |
| 1914–1918 | Principality of Albania, Kosovo, and Vardar Macedonia | Massacres of Albanians in World War I | Unknown; (250,000 according to Albanian political groups) | Series of mass murders of Albanian civilians perpetrated by Serbian, Bulgarian, Montenegrin, and Greek armies during World War I. |
| April 20, 1914 | Ludlow, Colorado, United States | Ludlow massacre | 20 | Twenty people, 11 of them children, died during an attack by the Colorado National Guard on a tent colony of 1,200 striking coal miners and their families at Ludlow, Colorado. The event led to wider conflict quelled only by Federal troops sent in by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson.[181][182][183] |
| August 21, 1914 | Tamines, Belgium | Massacre of Tamines | 384 | German soldiers massacre civilians after capturing the town. |
| August 29, 1914 | Abschwangen, East Prussia, German Empire | Abschwangen massacre | 65 | Soldiers of the Imperial Russian Army summarily executed 65 German civilians (including 28 locals and 37 refugees from southern East Prussia) in retaliation for a German cavalry reconnaissance unit killing a Russian officer who happened to be a member of the Trubetskoy family. |
| 1916 | Western Australia, Australia | Mowla Bluff massacre | 300–400 | A cattle station manager rounds up and murders hundreds of Aborigines. |
| January 22–25, 1918 | Shamkir, Azerbaijan | Shamkhor massacre | 1000+ | Azerbaijani paramilitaries stopped a train of Russian soldiers returning to Russia proper from the Russian Civil War, and massacred the soldiers after they refused to give up their weapons. |
| January 28, 1918 | Porvenir, Texas, United States | 1918 Porvenir massacre | 15 | In retaliation for the Brite Ranch raid, Texas Rangers, soldiers of the 8th Cavalry Regiment and local ranchers killed unarmed Mexican Americans. |
| April 28 – May 3, 1918 | Vyborg, Finland | Vyborg massacre | 360–420 | At least 360 mostly Russian military personnel and civilians were killed after the Finnish Civil War Battle of Vyborg by the Finnish Whites. The victims include a large number of other nationalities which the Whites presumed as Russians. The killed were not affiliated with the Reds, but most were even White supporters. Also 450–1,200 captured Finnish Red Guard fighters were executed.[184] |
| September 27, 1918 | Tafas, Syria | Tafas massacre | 250 | Ottoman soldiers, retreating from the incoming British and Arab forces, massacre the town's population, in an attempt to demoralize the forces. |
| December 10, 1918 | Sarafand al-Amar, Palestine | Surafend affair | 50 | Village residents allegedly kill a Kiwi villager, prompting Australian forces to massacre the town and a nearby Bedouin camp. |
| 1919–1941 | Kosovo, Montenegro, and Vardar Macedonia | Atrocities against Albanians in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia | ~80,000 | Systematic executions of Albanian civilians during the interwar period. Most of the massacres occurred prior to the 1930s. |
| April 5, 1919 | Pinsk, Belarus | Pinsk massacre | 35 | Soldiers of the Polish Land Forces under the command of General Antoni Listowski killed a group of Jews for holding an "illegal meeting". |
| April 13, 1919 | Amritsar, India | Jallianwala Bagh massacre | 379–1,526[185][186][187] | 90 British Indian Army soldiers, led by Brigadier Reginald Dyer, opened fire on an unarmed gathering of men, women and children. The firing lasted for 10 to 15 minutes, until they ran out of ammunition.[186][187] |
| June 5–7, 1919 | Ghaibalishen, Nagorno-Karabakh | Khaibalikend massacre | 600–700 | Armenian residents in the towns of Ghaibalishen, Jamilli, and Karkijahan were massacred by Azeri and Kurdish troops under the request of the Governor of Nagorno-Karabakh. |
| June 16, 1919–17, 1919 | Menemen, Izmir, Turkey | Menemen massacre | 200 | Greek troops and local Greeks massacred Turks.[188] |
| September 30, 1919 | Phillips County, Arkansas, United States | Elaine massacre | 105–242 | White mobs slaughtered between 100 and 237 black people along with 5 white people. |
| November 8, 1919 | Eichenfeld, Ukraine | Eichenfeld massacre | 136 | Ukrainian insurgents systematically kill Mennonite landowners and their adult sons. |
| November 11, 1919 | Centralia, Washington, United States | Washington State Centralia massacre | 6 | A conflict breaks out between members of the Industrial Workers of the World and the American Legion on the first anniversary of Armistice Day in unclear circumstances, killing one Wobbly and five Legionnaires. |
| December 24–25, 1919 | Yuxarı Əylis, Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan | Agulis massacre | 1,400 | Azerbaijani paramilitaries and Azeri refugees from Zangezur destroyed the predominantly Armenian town of Agulis and massacred its Armenian residents. |
| 1920–1921 | Armutlu Peninsula, Turkey | Yalova Peninsula massacres | 5,500–9,900[189][190] | Local Muslims of the peninsula were massacred by Greek troops, local Greeks, Armenians and Circassians.[191][192] |
| 1920–1921 | Jiandao, Eastern Manchuria | Gando massacre | 5,000+ | After the Hunchun incident, soldiers of the Imperial Japanese Army murdered thousands of Korean civilians. |
| November 2, 1920 | Ocoee, Florida, United States | Ocoee massacre | 30–35 blacks, 2 whites | On election day, a white mob attacked African-Americans in an attempt to stop them from voting, and the black residents were forced to leave. |
| November 21, 1920 | Dublin, Ireland | Croke Park massacre | 23[193] | British Auxiliary police and Black and Tans fired at Gaelic football spectators at Croke Park.[193][194] |
| May 31 – June 1, 1921 | Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States | Tulsa race massacre | 100–300 | Mobs of white residents attacked black residents and businesses of the Greenwood District in Tulsa, Oklahoma. |
| December 14, 1922 | Perry, Florida, United States | Perry massacre | 3 | White on black violence |
| January 1923 | Rosewood, Florida, United States | Rosewood massacre | 8 | Several days of violence by white mobs, ranging in size up to 400 people, resulted in the deaths of six blacks and two whites and the destruction of the town of Rosewood, which was abandoned after the incident.[195] |
| September 1923 | Kantō region, Japan | Kantō Massacre | 6,000+ | In the aftermath of the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, Japanese soldiers and police officers, along with vigilantes, slaughtered at least six thousand Japanese Koreans and left-wing political dissidents. |
| May 4, 1924 | Kirkuk, Mandatory Iraq | Kirkuk Massacre of 1924 | 300+ | Following a dispute over market prices, Assyrian Levies (recruited by the British Empire) massacre civilians and engage in widespread looting in the city of Kirkuk.[196] |
| July 19, 1924 | Napalpí, Chaco Province, Argentina | Napalpí massacre | 400 | Argentine police officers and ranchers killed hundreds of Toba people in retaliation for the murder of a French immigrant. |
| September 9, 1924 | Hanapepe, Hawaii | Hanapepe massacre | 20 | A dispute between officers of the Kauai County Police Department and striking Visayan sugar workers over the kidnapping of two Ilocano strikebreakers escalated into a violent exchange that killed 16 strikers and four cops. |
| March 1925 | Huara, Chile | Marusia massacre | 500 | Chilean government forces attack striking miners at a saltpeter mine. |
| May 30, 1925 | Shanghai, China | Shanghai massacre of 1925 | 30–200 | Members of the Shanghai Municipal Police opened fire on Chinese protesters. |
| June 23, 1925 | Eastern Jiaochang, China | Shaji massacre | ~50 | A group of strikers in Canton, China, in support of a workers' strike in Hong Kong, were fired upon by British and French troops, who claimed to have been provoked by gunfire. Over 200 casualties resulted. |
| June 1926 | Kimberley, Western Australia, Australia | Oombulgurri Massacre | 16-100+ | Aborigines killed a pastoralist in the Australian outback, prompting white settlers to murder and burn the bodies of at least 16 Aborigines. |
| April 12, 1927 | Shanghai and other locations, China | Shanghai Massacre | 300–5000 | KMT elements carried out a full-scale purge of Communists in all areas under their control. |
| November 21, 1927 | Serene, Colorado | Columbine Mine massacre (1928)[197] | 6 | In a fight between Colorado state police and a striking coal miners, the police used firearms, killing six and wounding dozens. The miners claimed that machine guns were fired at them, which was denied by the state police. |
| May 18, 1927 | Bath Township, Michigan, United States | Bath School massacre (1981)[198] | 45 | 37 children and a 30-year-old teacher at Bathtown elementary school were killed by a major explosion set off by school board treasurer Andrew Kehoe. About a half-hour after the explosion, Kehoe then detonated dynamite in his truck, killing himself and five others, including a fourth-grader and four adults. Also, some hours before the event, Kehoe killed his wife at their Bath Township home. This event was the deadliest mass murder in a school in United States history. |
| August 14, 1928 | Coniston, Central Australia, Australia | Coniston massacre (1981)[199] | 31–170 | The last known officially sanctioned massacre of indigenous Australians occurred in the vicinity of Coniston cattle station in the Territory of Central Australia in retaliation for the death of a dingo hunter named Frederick Brooks. |
| December 6, 1928 | Ciénaga, Magdalena, Colombia | Banana Massacre | 47–2,000 | The Banana massacre was a massacre of workers for the United Fruit Company that occurred on December 6, 1928, in the town of Ciénaga near Santa Marta, Colombia. An unknown number of workers died after the Conservative government of Miguel Abadía decided to send the Colombian army to end a month-long strike organized by the workers' union in order to secure better working conditions. The government of the United States of America had threatened to invade with the U.S. Marine Corps if the Colombian government did not act to protect United Fruit's interests. |
| February 14, 1929 | Chicago, United States | Saint Valentine's Day massacre | 7[200] | Al Capone's gang shot rival gang members and their associates.[201] |
| August 1929 | Hebron, Mandatory Palestine | 1929 Hebron massacre and other parts of the 1929 Palestine riots | 69[202] | Arabs kill 69 Jews during the 1929 Palestine riots. Survivors were relocated to Jerusalem, "leaving Hebron barren of Jews for the first time in hundreds of years."[202][203] |
| December 6, 1929 | Marchaterre, Les Cayes, Haiti | Les Cayes massacre | 12–22 | United States Marine Corps troops fire upon a group of 1,500 Haitians in Les Cayes who were protesting against the United States occupation of Haiti[204][205][206] |
| April 23, 1930 | Peshawar, British Raj | Qissa Khwani bazaar massacre | 200–250[207][208] | Soldiers of the British Raj fired on unarmed non-violent protestors of the Khudai Khidmatgar with machine guns during the Indian independence movement[207][208] |
| July 1930 | Van Province, Turkey | Zilan massacre | 4,500–47,000[209][210] | Turkish troops massacred Kurdish residents during the Ararat rebellion. |
| January 22–July 11, 1932 | El Salvador | La Matanza | 10,000–40,000 | After a peasant rebellion occurred in the western departments of El Salvador, President Maximiliano Hernández Martínez would order the violent repression against the rebellion, ending in an ethnocide that killed between 10,000 and 40,000 peasants and civilians, many of them from the Pipil people. |
| June 1933 | Kashgar, Xinjiang, China | Kizil massacre | 800 | Uyghur and Kyrgyz soldiers break agreement not to harm retreating Han Chinese soldiers. |
| August 1933 | Iraq | Simele massacre | 3,000[211] | Iraqi Army killed 3,000 Assyrian men, women and children.[211] The massacre, amongst other things, included rape, cars running over children and bayoneting children and pregnant women.[211] |
| June–July 1934 | Alto Bío Bío, Chile | Ranquil massacre | 477 | The Chilean Army and Carabineros de Chile assassinated 477 workers and Mapuche indigenous after they started a revolt. |
| February 13, 1936 | Near Mai Lahlà, Ethiopia | Gondrand massacre | 80 | Ethiopian soldiers acting under the orders of Ras Imru attacked Italian civilians working for the Gondrand logistics company, killing 80 of them. |
| November – December 1936 | Paracuellos del Jarama and Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain | Paracuellos massacres | 2,000–3,000 | Mass killings against right-wing civilians and soldiers perpetrated by Republican troops and militiamen. |
| February 19–21, 1937 | Addis Ababa, Ethiopia | Yekatit 12 | 19,200–30,000 | Italian fascists massacre thousands of Ethiopians after a failed assassination attempt against Rodolfo Graziani, leader of Italian Ethiopia. |
| March 21, 1937 | Ponce, Puerto Rico | Ponce massacre | 19[212] | The Insular Police fired on unarmed Nationalist demonstrators peacefully marching to commemorate the ending of slavery in Puerto Rico.[212] It was the biggest massacre in Puerto Rican history.[213] |
| July 29, 1937 | Tongzhou, China | Tongzhou massacre | 223–260 | East Hebei Army massacred Japanese civilians and troops in Tongzhou. |
| October 2–8, 1937 | Dominican Republic | Parsley massacre | Up to 38,000[214] | The Dominican military used machetes to brutally slash people to death and decapitate thousands of black Haitians; they also took people to the port of Montecristi, where thousands of Haitians were thrown into the ocean to drown with their hands and feet bound. Their executioners often inflicted wounds on their bodies before throwing them overboard in order to attract sharks. Survivors who managed to cross the border and return to Haiti told stories of family members being hacked with machetes and strangled by the soldiers, and children dashed against rocks and tree trunks.[215] |
| 1937–38 | Tunceli Province, Turkey | Dersim massacre | 13,160–70,000[216][217] | Turkish troops massacred Alevi residents during the Dersim Rebellion. |
| 1937–38 | Vinnytsia, Ukraine | Vinnytsia massacre | 9,000–11,000 | NKVD forces massacre thousands of ethnic Ukrainians, which is later used as propaganda by the Nazis. |
| 1937–41 | Kurapaty, Belarus | Kurapaty massacre | 30,000–250,000 | NKVD killed a large, unknown number of Belarusian dissidents in a forested area outside of Minsk. Most of these dissidents were Belarusian intelligentsia. |
| December 1937 – January 1938 | Nanjing, China | Nanjing Massacre[218][219] | 300,000+[220] | The Imperial Japanese Army pillaged and burned Nanjing while, at the same time, murdering, enslaving, raping, and torturing prisoners-of-war and civilians.[221] |
| May 21, 1938 | Kamo, Okayama, Empire of Japan | Tsuyama massacre | 30 | Mutsuo Toi, believing he was mistreated by his neighbors and rejected by women after being diagnosed with tuberculosis, murdered his own grandmother and 29 of his neighbors in a spree killing before shooting himself. |
| September 5, 1938 | Santiago, Chile | Seguro Obrero massacre | 80 | After members of the National Socialist Movement of Chile (nicknamed "Nacistas") attempted a coup by taking over the Edificio del Seguro Obrero, they started a shootout with Carabineros de Chile. After the Nacistas surrendered when they were outmatched, the carabineros entered the place, and later they would group them together and shoot them. |
| September 4, 1939 | Częstochowa, Poland | Częstochowa massacre | Approximately 1,140 | Polish civilians were shot, stabbed and beaten to death by soldiers of the Wehrmacht. |
| April–May 1940 | Katyn, Soviet Union | Katyn massacre | 21,857–25,700[222][223][224] | Soviet NKVD executed Polish intelligentsia, POWs and reserve officers.[225][226] |
| May 25, 1940 | Vinkt, Belgium | Vinkt massacre | 86–140 | Nazi German soldiers massacre Belgian civilians due to the town's previous resistance against capture. |
| 27 May 1940 | Le Paradis village, commune of Lestrem, Northern France | Le Paradis massacre | 97 | Soldiers of the 14th Company, S.S. Division Totenkopf, under the command of Hauptsturmführer Fritz Knöchlein shot prisoners-of-war during the Battle of France.[227] |
| 14 September 1940 | Ipp, Kingdom of Hungary (present-day Ip, Sălaj, Romania) | Ip massacre | 168–174 | After two Hungarian soldiers died in an explosion, a detachment of the Royal Hungarian Army killed between 152 and 158 ethnic Romanians, along with 16 reported deserters. |
| 26 November 1940 | Jilava, Romania | Jilava massacre | 64 | Members of the Iron Guard murdered 64 political prisoners held in Jilava penitentiary. |
| February 7, 1941 | Lunka, Ukraine | Lunca massacre | ~600 (hundreds) | Ethnic Romanians trying to flee to Romania were shot at by Soviet border troops. |
| April 1, 1941 | Fântâna Albă, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic | Fântâna Albă massacre | 44–3,000 | Ethnic Romanians trying to cross the border from the Soviet Union into Romania were met with open fire by Soviet Border Troops. |
| 28 April 1941 | Independent State of Croatia | Gudovac massacre | 184–196[228] | The mass killing of around 190 Bjelovar Serbs by the Croatian nationalist Ustaše |
| May–August 1941 | Independent State of Croatia | Glina massacres | 2,400[229] | The mass killings of Serb peasants by the Ustashe in the town of Glina, that occurred between May and August 1941 |
| June 2, 1941 | Kondomari, Chania, Crete, Kingdom of Greece (under German occupation) | Massacre of Kondomari | 23–60 | Cretan civilians were shot by an ad hoc firing squad of German paratroopers as part of a series of reprisal killings. |
| June–October 1941 | Soviet Union, Baltic states | NKVD prisoner massacres | 100,000+[230] | The Soviet NKVD executed thousands of political prisoners in the initial stages of Operation Barbarossa.[230][231] |
| August 27, 1941 | Kamianets-Podilskyi, Soviet Union | Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre | Police Battalion 320 and Einsatzgruppen under Friedrich Jeckeln, assisted by Hungarian troops and members of the Ukrainian Auxiliary Police, wipe out the city's Jewish community. | |
| September 11, 1941 | Medvedev Forest, near Oryol, Russia | Medvedev Forest massacre | 157 | On the personal orders of Joseph Stalin, the NKVD took a number of political prisoners held at Oryol Prison into Medvedev Forest and shot them. |
| September 29–30, 1941 | Ukraine | Babi Yar massacre | 33,771[232] | Nazi Einsatzgruppen killed the Jewish population of Kyiv.[232][233][234][235][236] |
| October 20–21, 1941 | Serbia | Kragujevac massacre | 2,796–5,000 | Nazi soldiers massacred Serb and Roma hostages in retaliation for attacks on the occupying forces. |
| October 22–24, 1941 | Odesa, Ukraine | Odessa massacre | 25,000–34,000 | Romanian and German troops, supported by local authorities, massacred Jews in Odesa and the surrounding towns in Transnistria. The Romanians blamed Jews and communists for the detonation of a mine that was placed by Red Army sappers prior to their defeat.[237] |
| October 27, 1941 | Slutsk, Belarus | Slutsk affair | 4,000 | Nazi authorities, which had recently invaded the Soviet Union, primarily massacred Jewish residents of Slutsk, which helped develop Belarusian partisan efforts during WWII. |
| November 25 and 29, 1941 | Kaunas, Lithuania | Ninth Fort massacres of November 1941 | 4,934 | The first systematic mass killings of German Jews during the Holocaust. |
| November 30 and December 8, 1941 | Riga, Latvia | Rumbula massacre | 25,000 | 25,000 Jews were killed in Rumbula Forest, near Riga, Latvia, by the Nazis.[238] |
| 1942 | Arakan, Burma (present-day Rakhine State, Myanmar) | Arakan massacres in 1942 | 60,000 | After local British forces retreated, violence erupted between pro-Japanese Rakhine Buddhists and pro-British Rohingya Muslims as a result of the power vacuum. |
| February 1942 | Laha Airfield, Ambon Island | Laha massacre | 300+[239] | The Japanese killed surrendered Australian soldiers.[239][240] |
| February 18–March 4, 1942 | Singapore and Malaya | Sook Ching massacre | 25,000–50,000 | A systematic purge of perceived hostile elements among the Chinese Malayans and the Chinese in Singapore by the Japanese military following the Battle of Singapore. |
| April 30, 1942 | Zdzięcioł (now, Dzyatlava) German-occupied Poland, present-day Belarus | First Dzyatlava massacre | About 1,200 | Around 1,200 Jews were marched out of the Dzyatlava Ghetto into the Kurpiesze (Kurpyash) forest and shot by Order Police battalions, aided by members of the Lithuanian and Belarusian auxiliary police forces. |
| June 10, 1942 | Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia | Lidice massacre | 340[241] | Nazis killed 192 men, and sent the women and children to Nazi concentration camps where many died.[241][242][243] |
| August 10, 1942 | Zdzięcioł (now, Dzyatlava) German-occupied Poland, present-day Belarus | Second Dzyatlava massacre | 2,000–3,000 | Liquidation of the Dzyatlava Ghetto. Thousands of Jews were taken to mass graves on the southern outskirts of town and shot so that they fell in them. |
| December 21, 1942 | Catavi Mine, Bolivia | Catavi massacre | 19–400 | The Bolivian military shot hundreds of striking miners. |
| March 22, 1943 | Khatyn, Lahoysk District, Minsk Region, Belarus | Khatyn massacre | 156 | In retaliation for a Soviet partisan attack, the Dirlewanger Brigade and Schutzmannschaft Battalion 118 of the Ukrainian Auxiliary Police slaughter almost the entire population of Khatyn. |
| May 8, 1943 | Naliboki, German-occupied Poland | Naliboki massacre | 129 | Soviet partisans killed 129 Polish villagers. |
| July 6, 1943 | Borovë, Korçë, Albania | Borovë massacre | 107 | Wehrmacht forces massacre the town's population in response to Albanian partisan forces attacking a German convoy recently. |
| July 11, 1943 | Wołyń Voivodeship, Occupied Poland | Dominopol massacre | 250–490 | Polish villagers were attacked by a death squad of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army aided by local Ukrainian peasants. |
| August 3, 1943 | Szczurowa, Poland | Szczurowa massacre | 93 | 93 Romani people were rounded up and murdered in the village cemetery by Nazi occupiers. |
| September 21, 1943 | Kefalonia, Greece | Massacre of the Acqui Division | 5,155[244] | Wehrmacht troops executed 5,155 POWs from the Italian 33 Infantry Division Acqui after the latter refused to hand over their weapons and resisted. A further 3,000 Italian POWs drowned at sea on transports that sank after hitting mines. |
| October 7, 1943 | Wake Island | Wake Island massacre | 98 | Japanese forces under Rear Admiral Shigematsu Sakaibara massacred the remaining 98 U.S. civilians in fear of the anticipation U.S. invasion of Wake Island two days after a U.S. air raid on the island.[245][246] |
| December 13, 1943 | Kalavryta, Greece | Massacre of Kalavryta | 511–1,200 | The extermination of the male population and the subsequent total destruction of the town of Kalavryta, in Greece, by a Jäger division that was part of the German occupying forces during World War II on December 13, 1943. It is the most serious case of war crimes committed during the Axis occupation of Greece during World War II. |
| 1943–1945 | German–occupied Ukraine | Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia | 50,000–100,000[247] | Multiple massacres of Polish civilians by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). |
| 1943–1947 | Italy-Yugoslavia border | Foibe massacres | 3,000–11,000 | Multiple massacres of Italian civilians by Yugoslav Partisans. |
| January 27, 1944 | Chechnya, Soviet Union | Khaibakh massacre | 700 | The Khaibakh massacre refers to a report of mass execution of the ethnically Chechen population of the aul of Khaibakh, in the mountainous part of Chechnya by Soviet forces under NKVD Colonel Mikhail Gveshiani during the Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush. |
| January 29, 1944 | Kaniūkai, Lithuania | Koniuchy massacre | At least 38 | Soviet and Jewish partisans murdered Lithuanian civilians, along with burning down their houses and slaughtering their livestock. |
| February 28, 1944 | Huta Pieniacka, Ukraine | Huta Pieniacka massacre | 1,200 | Polish civilians were murdered by members of the 14th SS Volunteer Division "Galizien" accompanied by a paramilitary unit of Ukrainian nationalists (though some Ukrainian historians put the blame on SS police regiments instead). |
| March 24, 1944 | Rome, Italy | Ardeatine massacre | 335 | Mass killing carried out by German occupation troops as a reprisal for a partisan attack conducted on the previous day in central Rome against the SS Police Regiment Bozen. |
| April 1, 1944 | Ascq, France | Ascq massacre | 86 | The Waffen-SS killed 86 men after a bomb attack in the Gare d'Ascq. |
| June 7, 1944 | Ardenne Abbey, France | Ardenne Abbey massacre | 20 | Twenty Canadian Army POWs were executed by the Waffen SS during the Normany invasion. |
| June 10, 1944 | Oradour-sur-Glane, France | Oradour-sur-Glane massacre | 642[248] | The Waffen-SS killed 642 men, women and children without giving any specific reasons for their actions.[248][249][250][251][252][253] |
| June 10, 1944 | Distomo, Greece | Distomo massacre | 218 | Nazi war crime perpetrated by members of the Waffen-SS in the village of Distomo, Greece, during the Axis occupation of Greece during World War II. |
| June 11, 1944 | Graignes, France | Graignes massacre | 61 | 17 American POWs were bayoneted and shot by Waffen-SS soldiers. And 44 French civilians accused of assisting the Americans were rounded up and executed. |
| August 4–25, 1944 | Warsaw, Poland | Ochota massacre | 10,000 | Mass murders of citizens of Warsaw district Ochota in August 1944, committed by Waffen-SS soldiers, specifically the infamous SS Sturmbrigade R.O.N.A. commanded by Bronislav Kaminski. |
| August 5–12, 1944 | Warsaw, Poland | Wola massacre | 40,000–50,000 | Special groups of SS and German soldiers of the Wehrmacht went from house to house in Warsaw district Wola, rounding-up and shooting all inhabitants. |
| August 12, 1944 | Sant'Anna di Stazzema, Italy | Sant'Anna di Stazzema massacre | 560 | Retreating SS-men of the II Battalion of SS-Panzergrenadier–Regiment 35 of 16th SS Panzergrenadier Division Reichsführer-SS, rounded up 560 villagers and refugees—mostly women, children and older men—shot them and then burned their bodies. |
| August 17–18, 1944 | Courcelles, Belgium | Courcelles massacre | 27 | Paramilitaries in support of the Rexist Party attack civilians after one of their party leaders is assassinated. |
| August 26, 1944 | Rüsselsheim, Germany | Rüsselsheim massacre | 6 | The townspeople of Rüsselsheim killed six American POWs who were walking through the bombed-out town while escorted by two German guards. |
| September 29 – October 5, 1944 | Marzabotto, Italy | Marzabotto massacre | 700–1,800[254] | The SS killed Italian civilians in reprisal for support given to the resistance movement.[254][255] |
| December 17, 1944 | Malmedy, Belgium | Malmedy massacre | 88 | Nazi Waffen-SS soldiers shot American POWs (43 escaped).[256][257] |
| January 1, 1945 | Chenogne, Belgium | Chenogne massacre | 60 | German prisoners of war were shot by American soldiers in an unauthorized retaliation for the Malmedy Massacre. |
| February 1945 | Manila, Philippines | Manila massacre | 100,000 | Japanese occupying forces massacred an estimated 100,000 Filipino civilians during the Battle of Manila. |
| March 3, 1945 | Pawłokoma, Poland | Pawłokoma massacre | 150–500 | Members of the Polish Home Army, aided by Poles living in nearby villages, massacred ethnic Ukrainians. |
| April 10, 1945 | Celle, Germany | Celle massacre[258] | 300 | Massacre of concentration camp inmates that took place in Celle at the end of the Second World War. |
| May 15, 1945 | Bleiburg, Austria | Bleiburg massacre | 50,000–250,000[259] | Fleeing Croatian soldiers, members of the Chetnik movement and Slovene Home Guard associated with the fascist Ustaše Regime of Croatia were apprehended by Yugoslav Partisans at the Austrian border. Among those killed were an unknown number of civilians. |
| May 1945 | Sétif, Algeria | Sétif massacre | 6,000 | Muslim villages were bombed by French aircraft and the cruiser Duguay-Trouin standing off the coast, in the Gulf of Bougie, shelled Kerrata. Pied noir vigilantes lynched prisoners taken from local gaols or randomly shot Muslims[260][261][262] |
| July 8, 1945 | Salina, Utah | Utah prisoner of war massacre | 9 | Nine German prisoners of war are killed and 19 were wounded when, at midnight, an American soldier named Clarence V. Bertucci climbed a guard tower and fired at the tents of the sleeping prisoners. By the time his fifteen-second rampage was stopped, six of the POWs were already dead, and three more would later die of their wounds.[263][264][265] |
| July 31, 1945 | Ústí nad Labem, today Czech Republic | Ústí massacre | 80–2,700 | The Ústí massacre (Czech: Ústecký masakr, German: Massaker von Aussig) was a lynching of ethnic Germans in Ústí nad Labem (German: Aussig an der Elbe), a largely ethnic German city in northern Bohemia ("Sudetenland") shortly after the end of the World War II, on July 31, 1945.[266][267][268] |
After 1945
| Date | Location | Name | Deaths | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| February 28 – May 17, 1947 | Taiwan | February 28 Incident (February 28 massacre)[269][270] | 8,000–28,000 | The Kuomintang authorities brutally suppressed an anti-government uprising in Taiwan. |
| May 1, 1947 | Piana degli Albanesi, Italy | Portella della Ginestra massacre | 11 | 11 people were killed and 27 wounded during May Day celebrations in Sicily on May 1, 1947, in the municipality of Piana degli Albanesi, by the bandit and separatist leader Salvatore Giuliano and his followers. |
| November 29, 1947 | Mỹ Trạch village, Mỹ Thủy commune, Lệ Thủy District, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam | Mỹ Trạch massacre | Over 300 | Over 300 civilian residents in Mỹ Trạch, including 170 women and 157 children, were murdered by the French Army. French soldiers also raped many women before murdering them. |
| December 9, 1947 | Balongsari, Karawang, West Java, Indonesia | Rawagede massacre | 431 | Almost all men in the Indonesian village of Rawagede (modern-day Balongsari) were murdered by the KNIL for refusing to disclose the location of a wanted Indonesian independence fighter, Lukas Kustaryo. Most estimates place the number of dead at 431. |
| December 30, 1947 | Haifa, Mandatory Palestine | Haifa Oil Refinery massacre | 39 | Members of Irgun, a Zionist terrorist organization, threw bombs at a group of 100 Palestinian Arab refinery workers, massacring 6 and wounding 42. Palestinian workers then attacked Jewish refinery workers in retaliation, resulting in 39 deaths and 49 injuries,[271] |
| December 31, 1947 | Haifa, Mandatory Palestine | Balad al-Shaykh massacre | 17–71 | Haganah, a Zionist paramilitary organization, attacked residents of the Balad al-Shaykh village, massacring 21 Palestinian Arab civilians while they were asleep. |
| April 3, 1948 | Jeju island, South Korea | Jeju massacre | 14,000[272]–60,000[273] | An uprising by the communist Workers' Party of South Korea was met with brutal suppression by the government. Many communist-sympathizer civilians were killed by South Korean troops putting down the rebellion. Between 14,000 and 60,000 people died during the uprising.[273] |
| April 9, 1948 | Deir Yassin, Mandatory Palestine | Deir Yassin massacre | 107–254 | Paramilitaries belonging to the Zionist terrorist groups, Irgun and Lehi, attacked the village of Deir Yassin, near Jerusalem, home to about 750. The number of those massacred ranges between 107 and 254 Palestinian Arab villagers, including civilian men, women, and children.[274] |
| April 13, 1948 | Mount Scopus, Mandatory Palestine | Hadassah medical convoy massacre | 78–80 | Arab forces ambushed a convoy, escorted by Haganah militia, that was bringing supplies and personnel to Hadassah Hospital on Mount Scopus. The Jewish dead were mainly doctors and nurses, and one British soldier was also killed.[275][276] |
| May 13, 1948 | Kfar Etzion, Mandatory Palestine | Kfar Etzion massacre | 129 | Arab armed forces attacked a Jewish kibbutz the day before the Declaration of Independence of the state of Israel[277][278] |
| May 23, 1948 | Tantura, Mandatory Palestine | Tantura massacre | 200+ | The Israel Defense Force's Alexandroni Brigade attacked the village of Tantura and massacred up to 200 of its Palestinian Arab inhabitants.[279] |
| July 11, 1948 | Lydda, Mandatory Palestine | Massacre in Lydda (Dahamsh Mosque massacre) | 250–426 | Over 150 Palestinian Arab civilians were massacred after an Israeli soldier dug a hole in the wall of the mosque and shot an anti-tank shell through it. They had taken shelter in the Dahamsh Mosque during the Israeli conquest of Lydda (today's Lod). All were crushed against the walls by the pressure from the blast and killed.[280] Also killed were 20 more after cleaning up the scene of the massacre. More civilians were killed as Israeli soldiers of the 89th Brigade, led by Moshe Dayan, threw grenades inside Palestinian houses, and those who fled to the streets were shot at by Israeli forces. Almost the entire population of Lydda, about 50,000 civilians at the time, which included many refugees, were then expelled, and hundreds of men, women and children died due to dehydration, exhaustion and disease during a death march to the Arab front lines.[281] |
| August 12, 1948 | Charsadda, Pakistan | Babrra massacre | 600+[282] | Pakistani police and militia forces killed more than 600 unarmed Pashtuns, who were supporters of the Khudai Khidmatgar movement, and injured more than 1200 others.[282] |
| October 29, 1948 | Al-Dawayima, Mandatory Palestine | Al-Dawayima massacre | 80–200 | The Israeli Defense Forces massacred Palestinian Arab civilians in the town of al-Dawayima in the Hebron hills.[283][284] |
| October 29 | Safsaf, Palestine | Safsaf massacre | 52–64 | The Israeli Defense Forces massacred 52–64 Palestinian Arab civilians using two platoons of armored cars.[285][286] |
| October 30, 1948 | Eilabun, Israel | Eilabun massacre | 14 | The Israeli Defense Forces massacred 14 Palestinians from the Arab Christian village of Eilabun, in north Israel, and expelled the rest of the residents to Lebanon. Part of the community returned some months thereafter with permission from Israel, granted due to pressure from the United Nations and the Vatican. |
| October 31 – November 1, 1948 | Hula, Lebanon | Hula massacre | 35–58 | The Lebanese Shi'a Muslim village of Hula, near the Lebanese Litani River, was captured by the Carmeli Brigade of the Israel Defense Forces without any resistance. 35–58 captured men were shot and a house was later blown up on top of them. Of the two officers responsible, one served a one-year prison sentence.[287][288] |
| December 12, 1948 | Batang Kali, Malaya | Batang Kali massacre | 24 | Unarmed villagers were shot and killed by the Scots Guards during the Malayan Emergency.[289] |
| January 5, 1949 | Rengat, Indonesia | Rengat massacre | 80–2600 | Part of Operation Kraai, and the bodies were disposed in the Indragiri River, the deaths included the father of an author named Chairil Anwar.[290] |
| December 24, 1949 | Mungyeong, South Korea | Mungyeong massacre | 86–88[291][292] | Communist sympathizer civilians were killed by South Korean troops. |
| June 28, 1950 | South Korea | Bodo League massacre | 200,000-1,000,000+[293][294][295][296] | During the Korean War, communist sympathizer civilians or prisoners were killed by South Korean troops. Some scholars insist that the number of victims is between 100,000 and 200,000.[297] The number claimed by the 2005 South Korean Truth and Reconciliation Commission is 4,934. |
| June 28, 1950 | Seoul, South Korea | Seoul National University Hospital massacre | 900[298] | During the Korean War, medical personnel, inpatients and wounded soldiers were killed by North Korean troops. There were 900 victims.[298] |
| July 26–29, 1950 | No Gun Ri, South Korea | No Gun Ri massacre | 163–400 | Early in the Korean War, South Korean refugees trying to cross U.S. lines at No Gun Ri were killed by U.S. troops fearing North Korean infiltrators. In 2005, the South Korean government certified the names of 150 dead, 13 missing and 55 wounded, some of whom died of wounds, and said reports on many more victims were not filed.[299] The South Korean government-funded No Gun Ri Peace Foundation estimated in 2011 that 250–300 were killed, mostly women and children.[300] Survivors estimated 400 dead.[301] |
| August 14, 1950 | Waegwan, South Korea | Hill 303 massacre | 41[302] | During the Korean War, American POWs were massacred by North Korean Army on August 14, 1950.[302] |
| October 1950 – early 1951 | Namyangju, North Korea | Namyangju massacre | 460[303] | During the Korean War, South Korean citizens were massacred by South Korean police between October 1950 and early 1951.[304][305] |
| October 9–31, 1950 | Goyang, South Korea | Goyang Geumjeong Cave massacre | 153[306] | During the Korean War, South Korean civilians were massacred by South Korean police between October 9 to 31, 1950.[306] |
| October 17 – December 7, 1950 | Sinchon, North Korea | Sinchon Massacre | 30,000[303] | The North Korean government claims that North Korean citizens were massacred by United States forces between October 17 to December 7, 1950.[303] This is widely disputed. |
| January 6–9, 1951 | Ganghwa, South Korea | Ganghwa massacre | 212–1,300[307][308] | During the Korean War, Communist collaborator civilians were massacred by South Korean forces, South Korean Police forces and pro-South Korea forces militia. |
| February 7, 1951 | Sancheong and Hamyang, South Korea | Sancheong and Hamyang massacre | 705[309] | During the Korean War, Communist sympathizer civilians were massacred by South Korean Army on February 7, 1951.[309] |
| February 9–11, 1951 | Geochang, South Korea | Geochang massacre | 719[310] | During the Korean War, Communist sympathizer civilians were massacred by South Korean Army between February 9 and 11, 1951.[310] |
| February 26, 1951 | Tirana, Albania | Albanian intellectual massacres | 22 | Intellectuals who could present opposition to Enver Hoxha were executed. |
| March 26, 1953 | Lari near Nairobi, Kenya | Lari massacre | ~150 | About 150 Kikuyu were killed by fellow tribesmen.[311][312] |
| October 14, 1953 | Qibya, West Bank, Palestine | Qibya massacre | 69+ | Also known as the "Qibya incident", occurred during "Operation Shoshana" when Israeli troops of Unit 101 under Ariel Sharon attacked the village of Qibya in the West Bank. At least sixty-nine Palestinian Arab villagers were killed, two-thirds of them women and children. |
| June 16, 1955 | Buenos Aires, Argentina | Bombing of Plaza de Mayo | 308+ | Failed coup by anti-Perón factions of the Argentine military |
| October 29, 1956 | Kafr Qasim, Israel | Kafr Qasim massacre | 48–49 | Israeli Border Police shoot Israeli Arab farmers returning to their village from work, unaware of a curfew imposed on it. The police command ordered that civilians caught disobeying the curfew be shot. Over half the casualties were women and children. |
| March 21, 1960 | Sharpeville, South Africa | Sharpeville massacre | 72–90[313] | South African police shot down black protesters.[314] |
| June 16, 1960 | Mueda, Mozambique | Mueda massacre | 200–325 | Makonde nationalists organized a demonstration in front of the Mueda District headquarters on the Mueda town square demanding independence from Portugal, apparently the district administrator had invited them to present their grievances.[315] The administrator ordered the leaders arrested, and the crowd protested.[316] The Portuguese administrator ordered his pre-assembled troops to fire on the crowd,[317] and then many more were thrown to their death into a ravine.[318] The number of dead is disputed.[319] However, resentment generated by these events led to independentist guerrilla FRELIMO gaining needed momentum at the outset of the Mozambican War of Independence.[316][317] |
| September 6, 1960 | Matikhrü, Nagaland (Union Territory), India | Matikhrü Massacre[320][321] | 9 | The incident took place on September 6, 1960, when forces of the 16th Punjab Regiment of the Indian Army committed an act of mass murder against the village of Matikhrü in Nagaland. |
| October 17, 1961 | Paris, France | Paris massacre of 1961 | 200–325 | French police, commanded by Maurice Papon, crushed a pacific demonstration of Algerians independentists. |
| June 2, 1962 | Novocherkassk, Soviet Union | Novocherkassk massacre | 23–70[322][323] | The MVD open fire on a crowd of protesters demonstrating against inflation.[324] |
| July 5, 1962 | Oran, Algeria | Oran massacre of 1962 | 95[325] | Massacre of civilians including Europeans by an angry mob at the end of the Algerian War (1954–62). |
| December 28, 1962 | Dominican Republic | Liborista massacre | 600 | The Dominican military dropped napalm on the Liboristas from airplanes—burning six hundred people to death. |
| 1963 | Mato Grosso, Brazil | Massacre at 11th Parallel | 3,500 | Rubber workers massacre a village of Cinta Larga, leaving only 2 people alive. |
| August–October 1964 | Jérémie, Haiti | Jérémie Vespers | 27 | In 1964, a group of exiled opponents of the François Duvalier regime called "Jeune Haiti" landed in Haiti to try to overthrow Duvalier, which ended in failure. Because many of those who participated in the overthrowing were originally from the city of Jérémie, the government ordered reprisals against their relatives, so the army and other elements of the Duvalier regime entered the city and killed 27 people. |
| 1965–1966 | Indonesia | Indonesian massacres of 1965–1966 | 400,000–3,000,000 | Massacre of those accused of being communists in Indonesia.[326][327][328] |
| August 1, 1966 | Austin, Texas, United States | University of Texas massacre | 16 | University of Texas at Austin was the site of a massacre by Charles Whitman, who killed his mother and wife at their homes before killing 15 and wounding 32 others at the university atop the university tower before the police killed him. |
| August 27–31, 1966 | Daxing District, Beijing, China | Daxing Massacre | 325 | During the early days of the Cultural Revolution, Xie Fuzhi called upon the people in Beijing to eliminate the "bad people", beginning the massacres of the Cultural Revolution. |
| October 9, 1966 | Binh Tai village in Phước Bình District of Sông Bé Province, South Vietnam | Binh Tai Massacre | 68[329] | South Korean soldiers purportedly killed 68 South Vietnamese villagers.[329] |
| December 3–6, 1966 | Binh Hoa village in Quảng Ngãi Province, South Vietnam | Bình Hòa massacre | 422–430[330][331] | South Korean soldiers purportedly killed South Vietnamese villagers.[330] |
| June 24, 1967 | Catavi Mine, Bolivia | San Juan Massacre | 20+ | Bolivian president and dictator René Barrientos felt that the mining communities were where the most anti-government sentiment came from, so he sent the military to shoot workers as they partied. |
| August 13 – October 17, 1967 | Dao County, China | Daoxian massacre | 9,093 | During the Cultural Revolution, people belonging to the Five Black Categories were killed by mobs or forced to commit suicide. |
| October 5-7, 1967 | Asaba, Nigeria | Asaba massacre | 500–1,000 | Igbo civilians are killed by the Nigerian 2nd Division commanded by Murtala Mohammed, during the Nigerian Civil War. |
| 1967–1969 | Inner Mongolia, China | Inner Mongolia incident | 16,222+ | Teng Haiqing, a leader of Inner Mongolia during the Cultural Revolution, massacred thousands to dozens of thousands of predominantly-Mongol civilians. |
| 1967–1976 | Guangxi, China | Guangxi Massacre | 100,000–500,000 | During the Cultural Revolution, massacres occurred in much of Southern China. Guangxi saw the worst brutality, with notably widespread human cannibalism. |
| January 1, 1968 – mid-1969 | Yangjiang, China | Yangjiang Massacre | 3,573 | Revolutionary committees in Guangdong targeted, tortured, and massacred members of the Five Black Categories and their relatives. |
| January 31 – February 28, 1968 | Huế, South Vietnam | Massacre at Huế | 2,800–6,000[332] | During the 1968 Tet Offensive in the Vietnam War, unarmed South Vietnamese civilians were massacred by North Vietnamese Army and Vietcong. Numerous mass graves were discovered in and around Huế after the Offensive. Victims included women, men, children, and infants.[333] The estimated death toll was between 2,800 and 6,000 civilians and POWs.[334] The Republic of Vietnam released a list of 4,062 victims identified as having been either murdered or abducted.[335][336] Victims were found bound, tortured, and often buried alive.[337][338][339] Many victims were also clubbed to death.[340] |
| February 12, 1968 | Phong Nhi and Phong Nhat hamlets, Dien Ban District of Quảng Nam Province, South Vietnam |
Phong Nhi and Phong Nhat massacre | 79[341] | South Korean soldiers killed unarmed South Vietnamese villagers. |
| February 25, 1968 | Hà My village, Quảng Nam Province, South Vietnam | Hà My massacre | 135[342] | South Korean soldiers purportedly killed unarmed South Vietnamese villagers. |
| March 16, 1968 | Mỹ Lai and Mỹ Khê hamlets, Sơn Mỹ, Quảng Ngãi, South Vietnam |
My Lai Massacre | 347–504[343] | U.S. soldiers murdered, tortured and assaulted 347–504 unarmed South Vietnamese villagers suspected of aiding the Vietcong, ranging in ages from 1–81 years, mostly women and children.[343][344] |
| March 18, 1968 | Corregidor, Philippines | Jabidah massacre | 11–200 | The Jabidah massacre was the killing of Moro soldiers by members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) on March 18, 1968.[345][346][347] |
| July–September 1968 | Shaoyang, China | Shaoyang County Massacre | 991+ | Young residents, inspired by the killing of the Five Black Categories in Dao County earlier, began killings during the Cultural Revolution. |
| September 23 – October 1968 | Ruijin, China | Ruijin Massacre | 1,070+ | During the Cultural Revolution, pro-Maoist groups attacked people belonging the Five Black Categories. |
| October 2, 1968 | Mexico City, Mexico | Tlatelolco massacre | 25–250[348][349] | Government troops massacred between 25 (officially) and 250 (according to human rights activists, CIA documents[350] and independent investigations) students 10 days before the 1968 Summer Olympics taking place in Mexico City, and then tried to wash the blood away, along with evidence of the massacre.[349][351] |
| 1968–1969 | Yunnan, China | Zhao Jianmin Spy Case | 17,000+ | After Zhao Jianmin suggested to Kang Sheng that the massacres in the Cultural Revolution should be resolved democratically and peacefully, Sheng relayed to Mao Zedong that Jianmin was a spy. The ensuing purges of pro-Jianmin followers and alleged spies killed over 17,000, injured or crippled 61,000, and implicated nearly 1.4 million people. |
| May 4, 1970 | Kent State University, Ohio, United States | Kent State massacre | 4[352] | 29 members of the Ohio National Guard opened fire on unarmed students protesting the expansion of the Vietnam War into Cambodia on the Kent State University college campus, killing 4 and wounding 9, one of whom was permanently paralyzed.[352][353][354] |
| May 15, 1971 | Barisal District, East Pakistan | Ketnar Bil massacre | 500+ | Massacre of unarmed Bengali Hindus in Ketnar Bil region of Barisal District by the Pakistan Army. |
| June 10, 1971 | Mexico City, Mexico | Corpus Christi massacre | Unknown (officially); 120 (according to independent investigations) | Similar to the Tlatelolco Massacre, the Corpus Christi Massacre took place on Thursday, June 10, 1971, when a student march got brutally attacked by a shock group called Los Halcones. |
| June 14, 1971 | Detroit, Michigan, United States | Hazelwood massacre | 8 | Eight slain in what police believe was a retaliatory killing by out-of-town drug dealers angry about being robbed by one of the victims.[355] |
| January 30, 1972 | Derry, Northern Ireland | Bogside massacre (January 31, 1972)[356] | 14[357] | British paratroopers fired on unarmed civil rights protesters, killing 14.[358] The government sponsored Saville Report, released in June 2010, found all those killed were innocent civil rights demonstrators, prompting an apology by UK Prime Minister David Cameron. As of that time, no one had been prosecuted for the killings.[359] |
| April 29, 1972 | Highway 1, South Vietnam | Shelling of Highway 1 | ~ 2,000 | Shelling of Highway 1 is a killing of South Vietnamese soldiers by People's army of Vietnam (PAVN) |
| May 30, 1972 | Lod, Israel | Lod Airport massacre | 26[360] | Three members of the Japanese Red Army, on behalf of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, killed 26 people and injured 80 others at Tel Aviv's Lod airport (now Ben Gurion International Airport).[360][361][362][363][364] |
| August 22, 1972 | Trelew, Argentina | Trelew massacre | 16 | Government members during the Dirty War torture and kill members of the left wing guerrilla group Montoneros. |
| September 5, 1972 | Munich, Germany | Munich massacre[365] | 12[366] | Members of the Israeli Olympic team were taken hostage and killed by the Palestinian Black September group. A West German police officer was also killed. |
| May 25, 1973 | Ezeiza, Argentina | Ezeiza massacre[367] | 13[367] | Members of the right wing of the Peronist party shot and killed at least 13 after Peron's return to Argentina. |
| February 7, 1974 | Jolo, Sulu, Philippines | Battle of Jolo (1974)[368] | 20,000[368]–50,000 | Soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Philippines looted and burned the southern Philippine town of Jolo, Sulu and killed many of its Muslim Tausug inhabitants while leaving many more homeless after an engagement with the Moro rebels. |
| April 11, 1974 | Kiryat Shmona, Israel | Kiryat Shmona massacre[369] | 18[370] | On Passover, 3 members of the terrorist group the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command (PFLPGC), cross into Israel from Lebanon and attack an apartment building in the town of Kiryat Shmona using guns and explosives, murdering 18 civilians and including 8 children.[371] |
| May 15, 1974 | Ma'alot, Israel | Ma'alot massacre[372][373] | 29[373] | Members of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine infiltrate Israel from Lebanon, shoot and kill a Christian Arab woman and a Jewish couple and their 4-year-old son, and then take hostage and kill 22 high school students and three of their adult escorts.[373] |
| August 14, 1974 | Maratha, Santalaris and Aloda, Cyprus | Maratha, Santalaris and Aloda massacre[374][375][376] | 126[377] | EOKA-B gunmen massacred the Turkish Cypriot inhabitants of the villages of Maratha, Santalaris and Aloda.[374][377] |
| August 14, 1974 | Tochni, Cyprus | Tochni massacre | 84 | EOKA-B gunmen massacred the Turkish Cypriot inhabitants of the Tochni.[378][379][380][381][382][383][384] |
| September 24, 1974 | Palimbang, Sultan Kudarat, Philippines | Malisbong Massacre[385] | 1,000–1,500[385] | Soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Philippines murdered male Muslim Moros aged 11–70 years old in a village surrounding a nearby mosque. |
| April 13, 1975 | Beirut, Lebanon | 1975 Beirut bus massacre | 28 | Phalangist militias, after hearing word that a Palestinian militia was about to attack, shoot up a bus full of civilians. This event would spark the long and brutal Lebanese Civil War. |
| July 5–29, 1975 | Gejiu, China | Shadian incident | 1,600 | During an uprising by Muslim Hui people, the military shot demonstrators and innocent Muslims. |
| July 31, 1975 | Northern Ireland | Miami Showband massacre | 5 | Members of a loyalist paramilitary group, the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF), killed three members of pop group the Miami Showband in a gun and bomb attack. Two UVF members also died when the bomb exploded prematurely.[386][387][388][389][390] |
| December 6, 1975 | Lebanon | Black Saturday | 300+ | A series of sporadic massacres of Lebanese Muslims by Christian militias sparks the Lebanese Civil War. |
| January 5, 1976 | Northern Ireland | Kingsmill massacre | 10[391] | Irish republicans shot ten Protestant workers dead outside the village of Kingsmill in County Armagh, Northern Ireland.[391][392] |
| January 18, 1976 | Lebanon | Karantina massacre | 1,500 | Lebanese Christian militia overrun the Karantina district in East Beirut and kill up to 1,500 Palestinians and Muslims during the Lebanese Civil War.[393] |
| January 20, 1976 | Lebanon | Damour massacre | 150–582[394] | Palestinian militia aligned with the Lebanese National Movement kill 150–582 Christian civilians in the village of Damour during the Lebanese Civil War, in retaliation for the Karantina massacre.[394] |
| June 16, 1976 | Soweto, South Africa | Soweto massacre | 176–700 | The South African Police shoot a group of young black protesters who were protesting. |
| July 4, 1976 | Belgrano, Buenos Aires, Argentina | San Patricio Church massacre | 5 | Government officials execute three priests and two seminarians during the Dirty War. |
| August 8, 1976 | Letipea, Estonia | Letipea massacre | 11 | A conflict between workers and drunken Soviet border guards escalated when one of the guards opened fire with a machine gun, killing multiple workers as well as one of his fellow guards. |
| August 20, 1976 | Fátima, Buenos Aires, Argentina | Fatima massacre | 30 | Prisoners in the custody of the federal police – illegally detained – were drugged, shot, and later their bodies were blown up to hide evidence of the crime. |
| August 12, 1976 | Lebanon | Tel al-Zaatar massacre | 1,500–3,000 | Lebanese Christian militias enter the Tel al-Zaatar refugee camp and kill up to 3,000 people during the Lebanese Civil War.[395][396] |
| October 6, 1976 | Thailand | 6 October 1976 massacre | 45–500 | Right-wing authorities and right-wing anti-communist/ people defending the monarchy surrounded Thammasat University and killed 40 or more protesters.[397] |
| October 19–21, 1976 | Aishiya, Lebanon | Aishiyeh massacre | 70+ | PLO militants massacre a village of Lebanese Christians. |
| December 13, 1976 | Margarita Belén, Argentina | Margarita Belén massacre | 22 | 22 Montoneros were tortured and executed, and the case was used during one of the first trials of Jorge Rafael Videla. |
| March 16–30, 1977 | Chouf district, Lebanon | Chouf massacres | 177 | Several attacks took place in numerous towns and villages in the district of Chouf on their Christian populations after the assassination of Druze leader Kamal Jumblatt. |
| September 4, 1977 | Chinatown, San Francisco, United States | Golden Dragon massacre | 5 | Five members of a Chinese-American gang called the Joe Boys attempt to kill leaders of a rival gang called the Wah Ching. Their attack on the Golden Dragon restaurant kills 5 people and wounds another 11, none of them gang members. |
| October 18, 1977 | La Troncal Canton, Ecuador | Aztra massacre | 100+ | Workers from the Aztra ingenio who were on strike are assassinated by the National Police of Ecuador. |
| March 11, 1978 | Israel | Coastal Road massacre | 35[398] | Palestinian Fatah members based in Lebanon land on a beach north of Tel Aviv, kill an American photographer, and hijack an inter-city bus driving along Israel's Coastal Highway. 35 civilians are killed and 80 wounded.[398][399][400][401] |
| June 23, 1978 | Bvumba Mountains, Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) | Vumba massacre | 12 | British missionaries of the Elim Pentecostal Church were killed by ZANLA guerrillas. |
| June 13, 1978 | Ehden, Lebanon | Ehden massacre | 40 | Inter-Maronite clan violence escalates and one clan shot the Frangieh family, a prominent political family. |
| January 31, 1979 | Marichjhapi, West Bengal, India | Marichjhapi massacre | 50–1,000[402] | Marichjhapi massacre refers to the forcible eviction of Bangladeshi refugees and their subsequent death by starvation, exhaustion and police firing in the period between January–June 1979. |
| April 20, 1979 | Kerala, Kunar Province, Afghanistan | Kerala massacre | 1,170–1,260 | Socialist Afghan Army attacks fleeing Afghans at the Pakistani-Afghan border. |
| June 16, 1979 | Aleppo, Syria | Aleppo Artillery School massacre | 50–83 | Muslim Brotherhood militants, during a violent uprising, massacre Syrian Army soldiers. |
| November 1, 1979 | La Paz, Bolivia | All Saints' Massacre | 100–120 | After trade unions launched a protest movement against dictator Alberto Natusch, he sent the military to shoot protestors. |
| November 3, 1979 | Greensboro, United States | Greensboro massacre | 5 | Members of the Ku Klux Klan and the American Nazi Party assassinate 5 members of the Communist Workers' Party who were protesting. |
| May 14, 1980 | Sumpul River, near Chalatenango, El Salvador | Sumpul River massacre | 300–600 | Refugees fleeing violence are killed by the Salvadoran military, while being blocked by Honduran border guards from entering the country. |
| May 18, 1980 | South Korea | Gwangju massacre | 165–2,000 | An escalated popular uprising in the city of Gwangju, South Korea during which some of the civilian protesters armed themselves by raiding police stations and military depots led to the South Korean army violently ending the protests, causing 165 (maximum estimated) of deaths (including 24 soldiers, 4 policemen). |
| June 27, 1980 | Palmyra, Syria | Tadmor Prison massacre | about 1,000 | The massacre occurred the day after a failed attempt to assassinate Syrian president Hafez el-Assad. Members of the units of the Defence Brigades, under the command of Rifaat El Assad, brother of the president, entered in Tadmor Prison and assassinated about a thousand prisoners in the cells and the dormitories. |
| July 7, 1980 | Safra, Lebanon | Safra massacre | 83 | An ambush by Phalangist forces on the Tigers Resistance militia effectively destroys the militia. |
| November 1981 | Victoria, Cabañas | Santa Cruz massacre (El Salvador) | Unknown | Dozens to 100 civilians were massacred during an El Salvadoran military offensive against guerrilla forces during the Salvadoran Civil War.[403] |
| December 11, 1981 | El Salvador | El Mozote massacre | 1,000 | The El Mozote Massacre took place in the village of El Mozote, in Morazán department, El Salvador, on December 11, 1981, when Salvadoran armed forces trained by the United States military killed at least 1,000 civilians in an anti-guerrilla campaign.[404] |
| January 14, 1982 | Mexico | Tula massacre | 13 | 13 tortured bodies were found at Tula, Hidalgo, Mexico at the time of Arturo Durazo Moreno Administration. |
| February 2, 1982 | Syria | Hama massacre | 7,000–35,000[405] | The Syrian Army killed an estimated 30,000 people in the city of Hama. Instances of mass execution and torture by the Syrian military were documented during the attacks.[406] |
| March 17, 1982 | Santa Rita, Chalatenango, El Salvador | Santa Rita massacre | 8 | Salvadoran soldiers attack Dutch journalists and suspected FMLN troops. |
| August 21–22, 1982 | El Calabozo, San Vicente Department, El Salvador | El Calabozo massacre | 200+ | Notorious Atlácatl Battalion massacres fleeing civilians. |
| September 16–18, 1982 | Lebanon | Sabra and Shatila massacre | 460–3,500 | Residents of Sabra and Shatila, mostly Palestinian refugees and Lebanese Shia, are killed by the Christian Lebanese Forces militia in the refugee camps, with the help of Israeli forces that encircled the area. The United Nations General Assembly condemned the massacre and declared it to be an act of genocide.[407][408][409] |
| October 4, 1982 | Cantaura, Venezuela | Cantaura massacre | 23 | Destruction of a guerrillas' camp near Cantaura, 23 of the 41 guerrilla fighters of the Frente Américo Silva were killed.[410] |
| December 6, 1982 | Dos Erres, Guatemala | Dos Erres Massacre | More than 250 | Guatemalan, elite forces came to the village and claimed the village were hiding weapons from rebels. They searched the entire village but they could not find any weapons. The next day, these soldiers massacred everyone in the village. There were only 3 survivors.[411] |
| February 19, 1983 | Chinatown–International District, Seattle, United States | Wah Mee massacre | 13 | Three Chinese-American gangsters bind, rob, and shoot 14 people in the Wah Mee gambling club at the Louisa Hotel, 13 of whom die.[412][413] |
| April 3, 1983 | Peru | Lucanamarca massacre | 69 | Maoist Shining Path guerrillas massacre 69 men, women and children with axes, machetes and guns in and around the town of Lucanamarca, Peru.[414] |
| June 30, 1983 | Rauzdi, Ghazni Province, Afghanistan | Rauzdi massacre | 24 | Soviet troops summarily executed 23 civilians and one armed combatant as reprisals for anti-communist activity and attacks on Soviet forces. |
| July 23, 1983 | Sri Lanka | Black July | ~3000 | Sri Lankan government sponsored guerrillas massacre 400-3000 men, women and children with axes, machetes and guns in and around the town of Colombo, Sri Lankan capital.[415] |
| September 13, 1983 | Padkhwab-e Shana, Logar Province, Afghanistan | Padkhwab-e Shana massacre | 105 | Soviet troops murdered civilian inhabitants of the town of Padkhwab-e Shana as reprisals for anti-communist activity and attacks on Soviet forces. |
| October 12, 1983 | Kandahar Province, Afghanistan | Kulchabat, Bala Karz and Mushkizi massacre | ~260-360 | Soldiers of the Soviet Army murdered civilian inhabitants of three villages in Kandahar as reprisals for anti-communist activity and attacks on Soviet forces. |
| February 10, 1984 | Kenya | Wagalla massacre | ~5,000 | a massacre of ethnic Somalis by Kenyan security forces who first gathered them at the Wagalla Airstrip, Wajir County, Kenya. |
| July 18, 1984 | San Diego, United States | San Ysidro McDonald's massacre | 21 | Gunman James Oliver Huberty killed 21 people in a McDonald's restaurant before being fatally shot by a SWAT team sniper.[416][417][418] |
| September 2, 1984 | Milperra, Sydney, Australia | Milperra massacre | 7 | A gang shoot-out in the suburbs of Sydney prompted an overhaul of Australian gun laws, making them stricter. |
| September 10, 1984 | Baraki Barak District, Logar Province, Afghanistan | Baraki Barak massacre | ~40-45 | After some troops in the army of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan defected to the mujahideen, depriving a Soviet detachment of reinforcements, said detachment arrested at least 40 local civilians and burned them alive after dousing them with gasoline. |
| September 20, 1984 | Sohmor, Lebanon | First Sohmor massacre | 13 | South Lebanon Army forces, backed by the IDF, shot civilians. |
| October 31 – November 3, 1984 | India | 1984 Sikh massacre | 2,732–8,000 | Mobs composed primarily of Indian National Congress workers and local hoodlums chased down and lynched Sikhs in northern India following the assassination of India PM, Indira Gandhi, at the hands of her Sikh guards. |
| December 22, 1984 | Kunduz Province, Afghanistan | Kunduz massacre | ~250 | Soviet troops murdered Afghan civilians in pursuit of mujahideen fighters and later in retaliation for an ambush on their column. |
| March 23, 1985 | Iraq | Dujail Massacre | 129[419] (33 died in detention before trial) |
Dujail was the site of an unsuccessful assassination attempt against then Iraqi president, Saddam Hussein by the Shiite Dawa Party, on July 8, 1982. Saddam Hussein ordered his special security and military forces to arrest all Dawa members and their families, imprisoning 787 men, women and children. In March 1985, 96 of the 148 who had confessed to having taken part in the assassination attempt were executed.[419][420][421][422] |
| March 24, 1985 | Lennoxville, Quebec, Canada | Lennoxville massacre | 5 | A dispute between chapters of the motorbike gang Hells Angels led to 5 members of the North chapter being shot by the South chapter. |
| April 1985 | Laghman Province, Afghanistan | Laghman massacre | ~500 to ~1,000 | In one of the largest massacres of the Soviet–Afghan War, Soviet troops brutally slaughtered civilians as reprisal for anti-communist activities. |
| May 14, 1985 | Sri Lanka | Anuradhapura massacre | 146[423] | Tamil Tiger gunmen shot dead 146 Sinhalese civilians including Buddhist nuns and monks and injured 85 others as they were praying at Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi, a sacred Buddhist shrine in Anuradhapura.[424] |
| August 14, 1985 | Peru | Accomarca massacre | 47–74[425][426][427] | An army massacre of campesinos (including six children) in Accomarca, Ayacucho.[426] |
| September 20, 1985 | Escalante, Negros Occidental, Philippines | Escalante massacre | 20 | The Marcos regime shot protesters opposing the declaration of martial law. |
| February 19, 1986 | Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka | Akkaraipattu massacre | 80 | Sinhalese Sri Lankan government soldiers attack Tamil farmers |
| May 8, 1986 | Yumare, Venezuela | Yumare massacre | 9 | DISIP agents, the counter-intelligence agency of Venezuela, killed nine social activists, confused with a guerrilla group.[428] |
| January 23, 1987 | Uludere, Turkey | Ortabağ massacre | 8 | Kurdish militants throw grenades into the chimney of a Turkish family's house, killing most of the family. |
| March 7, 1987 | Donggang, Lieyu, Kinmen, Taiwan | Lieyu massacre (Donggang Incident) | 19+ | Republic of China Army executed all the unarmed Vietnamese refugees in a disoriented fishing boat seeking for political asylum at Donggang beach of Lieyu, Kinmen on March 7–8, 1987.[429] |
| April 17, 1987 | Aluth Oya, North Central Province, Sri Lanka | Aluth Oya massacre | 127 | LTTE gunmen storm a bus heading through the town, and shoot all the Sinhalese passengers. |
| June 2, 1987 | Sri Lanka | Aranthalawa Massacre | 37 | Tamil Tigers stopped a bus carrying Buddhist monks in Arantalawa and massacred all except of one monk. Killed in the massacre are Chief Priest Ven. Hegoda Indrasara and several novice monks (under the age of 18)[430] |
| June 20, 1987 | Pınarcık, Mardin Province, Turkey | Pınarcık massacre | 30 | On June 20, 1987, PKK committed a massacre in the village of Pınarcık in the Mardin Province of Turkey, killing more than 30 people, mainly women and children.[431][432][433] |
| July 6, 1987 | Lalru, India | Lalru bus massacre | 38 | Sikh separatists storm a bus heading through Punjab, and loot and kill all the Hindu passengers. |
| July 7, 1987 | Fatehabad district, Haryana, India | Fatehabad bus massacre | 34 | Khalistan Commando Force gunmen storm a bus in Haryana to kill Hindus, just one day after a similar incident in Punjab. |
| August 9, 1987 | Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia | Hoddle Street massacre | 7[434] | The Hoddle Street massacre was a killing spree which claimed the lives of 7 people and wounded 19 others at Hoddle Street in Clifton Hill in north-eastern Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.[435] |
| August 19, 1987 | Hungerford, England | Hungerford massacre | 16[436] | A gunman armed with semi-automatic rifles and a handgun killed 16 people before committing suicide.[437] |
| September 29 – October 8, 1987 | Eastern Province, Sri Lanka | 1987 Eastern Province massacres | 200+ | Tamil mobs and militants attack Sinhalese civilians. |
| November 8, 1987 | Enniskillen, Northern Ireland | Remembrance Day bombing (Poppy Day massacre).[438][439][440] | 12 | Provisional IRA bombing at the town's cenotaph on Remembrance Sunday.[441] |
| December 8, 1987 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia | Queen Street massacre | 8[434] | The Queen Street massacre was a killing spree which claimed the lives of 8 people and wounded 5 others in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.[435] |
| February 26 – March 1, 1988 | Sumgait, Azerbaijan | Sumgait Massacre | 32-200+ | Azerbaijani residents attacked and killed ethnic Armenian residents of the town. |
| March 16, 1988 | Belfast, Northern Ireland | Milltown massacre | 3 | Ulster Defence Association (UDA) member Michael Stone kills three people and injures 60 others in a gun and grenade attack at the funeral of three IRA members being held in Milltown Cemetery, Belfast.[442][443] |
| March 1988 | Remote Amazonas, Brazil | Helmet massacre | 14 | Government workers massacre unarmed Ticuna. |
| April 4–9, 1989 | Tbilisi, Georgia | Tbilisi Massacre | 21 | Georgians protesting for independence and democracy were shot at, but the protests succeeded. |
| June 27, 1988 | Villa Tunari, Bolivia | Villa Tunari massacre | 9–12 | Bolivian rural police units massacre striking indigenous cocaleros. |
| October 29, 1988 | El Amparo, Venezuela | El Amparo massacre | 14 | A joint military-police unit killed fishermen near the village of El Amparo, accusing them of being a group of guerrillas.[444][445] |
| June 4, 1989 | Beijing, China | Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 | 300–2,700 | The mourning of Hu Yaobang eventually evolved into a large-scale anti-corruption and democratic demonstration, which was ended in a violent suppression by state-controlled army. The actual number of deaths is still unknown. The massacre did not occur within Tiananmen Square, but in the surrounding areas of the square.[446][447] |
| October 3, 1989 | Panama City, Panama | Albrook massacre[448][449] | 12 | Following a failed coup, 12 officers were shot dead by forces loyal to Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega.[450][451][452][453] |
| December 6, 1989 | École Polytechnique, Montreal, Quebec, Canada | École Polytechnique massacre[454] | 14 | Marc Lépine, a misogynist and anti-feminist, shot and killed 14 female students of the École Polytechnique de Montréal and wounded 14 other people before turning his gun on himself. The event led to stricter gun control laws and changes in police tactical response to shootings in Canada.[455][456] |
| 1989 | Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil | 1989 Santa Elmira massacre | 19 | MST workers attempted to occupy an area in Salto do Jacuí, but are shot at by UDR rural owners. |
| September 5, 1990 | Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka | Eastern University massacre | 158[457] | Eastern University massacre is the massacre of 158 minority Sri Lankan Tamil civilians by the Sri Lankan Army in the eastern Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka.[457][458][459] |
| January 19–20, 1990 | Baku, Azerbaijan | Black January | 131–170 | Soviet Army troops fire upon Azerbaijani protestors during the dissolution of the Soviet Union. |
| January 20, 1990 | Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir | Gawkadal massacre | 50+ | Indian paramilitary troops of the Central Reserve Police Force opened fire on Kashmiri protesters. |
| February 10, 1990 | Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States | Las Cruces bowling alley massacre | 5 | Unidentified gunmen shot seven people in the bowling alley's office after robbing the business's safe; four died that day and another from complications of her injuries nine years later.[460] |
| June 11, 1990 | Eastern Province, Sri Lanka | Massacre of Sri Lankan police officers | 600–774 | After ceasefire agreements break down, Tamil separatists shoot Sri Lankan police officers who had surrendered earlier. |
| July 29, 1990 | Sinkor, Monrovia, Liberia | Monrovia Church massacre | ~600 | Around 30 government soldiers loyal to Samuel Doe and belonging to his Krahn tribe entered St. Peter's Lutheran Church, indiscriminately slaughtering the mostly Gio and Mano people inside. |
| August 3, 1990 | Kattankudy, Sri Lanka | Kattankudy mosque massacre | 147 | Alleged LTTE militants massacred hundreds of Muslim men praying, although the separatists have denied involvement. |
| September 9, 1990 | Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka | Sathurukondan massacre | 184[461][462] | Sathurukondan massacre, also known as the 1990 Batticaloa massacre is the massacre of 184 minority Sri Lankan Tamil civilians by the Sri Lankan Army in the eastern Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka.[461][462][463][464][465] |
| October 1990 | Dahr al-Wahsh, Lebanon | Dahr al-Wahsh massacre | 75–80 | Syrian soldiers march Lebanese militiamen to an unknown location, before torturing and massacreing them. |
| November 13, 1990 | Aramoana, New Zealand | Aramoana massacre | 13 | Lone gunman David Malcolm Gray began shooting indiscriminately at people, killing 13 people before being killed by police himself, allegedly after a dispute with his next door neighbor. It remains New Zealand's deadliest criminal shooting.[466][467][468][469] |
| January 12, 1991 | Chinatown, Boston, Massachusetts | Boston Chinatown massacre | 5 | Three Vietnamese nationals entered a Boston Chinatown illegal gambling den and murdered five patrons execution-style. No motive has been conclusively determined, but the killings are widely suspected to have been related to Chinese and Vietnamese gangs vying to fill the power vacuum left by the decline of the Ping On triad group. |
| January – March 1991 | Awdal, Somalia | Dilla Massacre | 1000 + | The Dilla Massacre, was a series of events that spanned from January 1991 to March 1991, perpetrated by members of the Somali National Movement (SNM) rebel group, against the Gadabuursi clan. The most violent episode was on February 4, 1991, in Dilla, Awdal where hundreds of people were murdered within a single day.[470][471] The killings were referred to and classified as ethnic cleansing, against the Gadabursi, by the United Nations.[472] |
| June 15, 1991 | Ludhiana, Punjab, India | 1991 Punjab killings | 80–100 | Khalistan Commando Force gunmen storm multiple trains in Punjab and kill Hindu passengers. |
| July 1991 – June 1992 | Sisak, Croatia | Sisak killings | 24-33-100+ | Croatian army and police attack Croatian Serb civilians. |
| August 1, 1991 | Dalj, Croatia | Dalj massacre | 56–57 | Croatian Serb separatist forces attack Croatian servicemen defending a water tank. |
| August 17, 1991 | Strathfield, New South Wales, Australia | Strathfield massacre | 8 | Wade Frankum stabs and later shoots people in a shopping mall. |
| August 22, 1991 | Banija, Croatia | Banija villages killings | 15 | Croatian forces massacre Croatian Serb civilians in villages. |
| September 3, 1991 | Četekovac, Croatia | Četekovac massacre | 22 | Serbian rebels attack Croat civilians. |
| September 21, 1991 | Korana, Karlovac, Croatia | Korana bridge killings | 13 | Croatian police officer executes Yugoslav POWs. |
| September 22, 1991 | Tovarnik, Croatia | Tovarnik massacre | 68 | Serbian paramilitaries attack Croat civilians. |
| September–December 1991 | Berak, Croatia | Berak killings | 28–56 | Serbian rebels attack Croat civilians. |
| October 3 and 16, 1991 | Novo Selo Glinsko, Glina, Croatia | Novo Selo Glinsko massacre | 32 | SAO Krajina forces massacre Croat civilians. |
| October 10–18, 1991 | Lovas, Croatia | Lovas killings | 70 | Serbian forces and paramilitary groups kill numerous Croat civilians. |
| October 13–21, 1991 | Gospić, Croatia | Široka Kula massacre | 41 | Serb militiamen attack Croatian civilians and some Serbs alleged to be helping them. |
| October 16, 1991 | Killeen, Texas, United States | Luby's shooting | 22 | George Jo Hennard drove his pickup truck into a Luby's Cafeteria and shot and killed 22 people, wounded another 20 and then committed suicide by shooting himself.[473][474][475][476][477] |
| October 17–25, 1991 | Gospić, Croatia | Gospić massacre | 100–120 | Croatian police and army massacre Serb civilians. |
| October 21, 1991 | Baćin, Croatia | Baćin massacre | 83 | Serbian forces massacre Croat civilians at a town near the Serb-Croatian border. |
| October 29, 1991 | Požega, Croatia | Požega villages massacre | 44–70 | Croatian Army forces massacre Serb civilians and burn numerous houses. |
| November 3, 1991 | Lima, Peru | Barrios Altos massacre | 22 | Fifteen people were killed and four injured when Grupo Colina, the anti-communist paramilitary squad, opened fire on a neighborhood barbecue which they had mistaken for a gathering of Maoist Shining Path rebels.[478] |
| November 7, 1991 | Poljanak and Vukovici, Lika, Croatia | Poljanak and Vukovići massacres | 10 | Serbian forces and rebels massacre Croat civilians. |
| November 10, 1991 | Erdut, Croatia | Erdut killings | 37 | Serb paramilitaries massacre Hungarian and Croat civilians. |
| November 12, 1991 | Dili, Timor Leste | Santa Cruz massacre | ~270 | An estimated 270 pro-independence demonstrators were killed in the Santa Cruz Cemetery while conducting a peaceful memorial service during the Indonesian Occupation of East Timor and is part of the East Timorese Genocide.[479] |
| November 12, 1991 | Saborsko, Croatia | Saborsko massacre | 29 | Serbian forces attack Croat civilians. |
| November 15, 1991 | Sudan, Bor | Bor massacre | 2,000–27,000 | An estimated 2,000 civilians were massacred in Bor during the Second Sudanese Civil War by Nuer fighters from SPLA-Nasir, led by Riek Machar, and the militant group known as the Nuer White Army.[480] |
| November 15, 1991 | Croatia | Kostrići massacre | 16 | Serb paramilitary attacks Croatian civilians |
| November 18–21, 1991 | Vukovar, Croatia | Vukovar massacre | 264 | Members of the Serb militias, aided by the Yugoslav People's Army, killed Croat civilians and POWs.[481][482][483][484] |
| November 18–19, 1991 | Škabrnja, Croatia | Škabrnja massacre | 67 | Serb paramilitaries and army execute Croatian POWs. |
| December 11, 1991 | Paulin Dvor, Croatia | Paulin Dvor massacre | 19 | Croatian army forces massacre Serb villagers. |
| December 11, 1991 | Gornje Jame, Glina, Croatia | Gornje Jame massacre | 16 | Serbian paramilitaries massacre the Croats of a village, and one Serb who tried protecting them. |
| December 13, 1991 | Voćin, Croatia | Voćin massacre | 43 | White Eagles massacre Croat civilians. |
| December 16, 1991 | Joševica, Croatia | Joševica massacre | 32 | Serbian paramilitaries massacre Croat civilians. |
| December 21, 1991 | Bruška, Croatia | Bruška massacre | 10 | Serbian soldier attacks and murders a Croatian family playing cards with a Serb. |
| February 10–12, 1992 | Malibeyli, Aşağı Quşçular, and Yuxarı Quşçular, Nagorno-Karabakh | Gushchular and Malibeyli massacre | 8 | Armenian militias during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War capture the Ghushchular villages, along with the village of Malibeyli. Militiamen shot and killed Azerbaijani civilians. |
| February 12, 1992 | Bara, Bihar, India | Bara massacre | 35–40 | An armed group of the Maoist Communist Centre of India containing members of schedule castes and OBCs killed a large group of Bhumihar men. |
| February 26, 1992 | Khojaly, Nagorno-Karabakh | Khojaly Massacre | 200+ | Armenian armed forces with help of the CIS 366th Motor Rifle Regiment, raided the town of Khojaly and massacred its Azerbaijani civilian population. According to the Human Rights Watch, the death toll was 200+. The Government of Azerbaijan claims 613 civilians were killed, of whom 106 were women and 83 were children.[485][486][487] |
| March 26, 1992 | Sijekovac, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Sijekovac killings | 58 | Croatian forces attack Serb civilians. |
| April 1–2, 1992 | Bijeljina, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bijeljina massacre | 48–78 | Serbian forces massacre Bosniak civilians after a Bosniak paramilitary group announces its formation. |
| April 7, 1992 | Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Foča ethnic cleansing | 2,707 | Serbian forces massacre all Bosniak inhabitants of the town. |
| April 10, 1992 | Maraga, Nagorno-Karabakh, Azerbaijan | Maraga massacre | 43–100 | Armenian inhabitants of village were killed by Azerbaijani Armed Forces. |
| April 17, 1992 | Šamac, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bosanski Šamac ethnic cleansing | 126 | Serb paramilitary groups massacre the Bosniak and Croat residents of the town. |
| April 29, 1992 | Snagovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Snagovo massacre | 36 | Serb forces rounded up and shot the Bosniak residents of the town. |
| April 29, 1992 | Polonnaruwa District, Sri Lanka | Polonnaruwa massacre | 157 | Gunmen, allegedly LTTE, attack Sinhalese villagers late at night. |
| April 30, 1992 | Prijedor, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Prijedor ethnic cleansing | 3,000+ | Bosnian Serb forces massacre all non-Serb, mainly Croatian civilians in the city. |
| April 30, 1992 | Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Brčko bridge massacre | ~100 | Serbian forces massacre Croat and Bosniak civilians. |
| April 1992 | Zvornik, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Zvornik massacre | 491–3,936 | Serb forces massacre all non-Serb ethnic groups in the town. |
| April 1992 | Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Kazani pit killings | 150–200 | Bosnian Army soldiers massacre predominantly Bosnian Serb civilians of the city during the Siege of Sarajevo. |
| May 9, 1992 | Glogova, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Glogova massacre | 64 | Serb forces massacre the Bosniak civilians of the town. |
| May 16, 1992 | Milići, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Zaklopača massacre | 63–83 | Serbian forces massacre the non-Serb inhabitants of the village. |
| May 25–27, 1992 | Bradina, Konjic, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bradina massacre | 48–54 | Bosniak and Bosniak Croat troops shot up a church where Bosnian Serbs were praying. |
| May 26, 1992 | Crničici, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bosanska Jagodina massacre | 17 | Serbian White Eagles massacre Bosnian men. |
| May 1992 | Doboj, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Doboj ethnic cleansing | 408 | Serb forces massacre all non-Serb civilians in the city. |
| June 1, 1992 | Bijeli Potok, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bijeli Potok massacre | 682 | Hundreds of Bosnian men and boys were shot and killed in the Drina Valley, and 245 of the bodies are yet to be found. |
| June 10, 1992 | Čemerno, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Čemerno massacre | 32–49 | Bosniak forces massacre the Serb inhabitants of a town, causing its abandonment. |
| June 14, 1992 | Novi Grad, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Ahatovići massacre | 47 | Srpskan forces massacre Bosnian POWs. |
| June 15, 1992 | Rogatica, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Paklenik massacre | 50 | Serb forces transporting Bosnian men stop at a ravine and execute all but one. |
| June 17, 1992 | Boipatong, South Africa | Boipatong massacre | 45[488] | 45 African National Congress (ANC) supporters were killed by members of the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP). |
| July 8, 1992 | Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Gornji Velešići massacre | 6 | Bosnian Army soldiers massacre the Ristovic family, who were Bosnian Serbs. |
| July 18, 1992 | Lima, Peru | La Cantuta massacre | 45[489] | 9 students and a professor on La Cantuta University were kidnapped and killed by Grupo Colina, an anticommunist paramilitary group. |
| August 21, 1992 | Mount Vlašić, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Korićani Cliffs massacre | 200+ | Bosnian Serb police units led Bosniaks at Trnopolje concentration camp to their deaths. |
| August 24, 1992 | Montreal, Quebec | Concordia University massacre | 4 | Valery Fabrikant shoots and kills 4 students. |
| August 1992 | Barimo, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Barimo massacre | 26 | Serbian forces massacre Bosniak civilians. |
| September 7, 1992 | Bisho, Ciskei/South Africa | Bisho massacre | 29 | 28 African National Congress (ANC) supporters and one soldier were shot dead by the Ciskei Defence Force during a protest march. |
| October 2, 1992 | São Paulo, Brazil | Carandiru massacre | 111 | The massacre was triggered by a prisoner revolt within the prison. The police made little if any effort to negotiate with the prisoners before the military police stormed the building, as the prison riot became more difficult for prison guards to control. The resulting casualties were of 111 prisoners killed. |
| October 15, 1992 | Palliyagodella, North Central Province, Sri Lanka | Palliyagodella massacre | 166–285 | Alleged LTTE gunmen massacre Muslim and Sinhalese civilians. |
| October 22, 1992 | Višegrad, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Sjeverin massacre | 16 | Serb forces abduct Bosnian citizens from a bus and execute them above a ravine. |
| October 27, 1992 | Central Coast, New South Wales, Australia | Central Coast massacre | 7 | A man with a history of violence attacked his ex-girlfriend, his son, and other family and friends. |
| November 15, 1992 | Medellín, Colombia | Villatina massacre | 9 | Colombian police, who had previously been attacked by youth gangs throughout the city, massacre 8 children in retribution. |
| December 19, 1992 | Jošanica, Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Gornja Jošanica massacre | 56 | Bosnian Army forces attack Serbs, predominantly civilians. |
| 1992 | Višegrad, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Višegrad massacres | 1,000–3,000 | Serb forces nearly eliminate the town's large population of Bosniaks. |
| January 8, 1993 | Palatine, Illinois, United States | Brown's Chicken massacre | 7 | Seven people were murdered at the Brown's Chicken and Pasta in Palatine |
| January 16, 1993 | Skelani, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Skelani attack | 40–65 | Bosnian forces attack Serbian civilians. |
| January 18, 1993 | Duša, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Duša killings | 7 | Croatian paramilitary groups bombed and later captured the Bosniak village. |
| February 27, 1993 | Višegrad, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Štrpci massacre | 19 | Serbian forces massacre Bosniaks and one Croat civilian. |
| 1993 | Autonomous republic of Abkhazia, Georgia | Sukhumi massacre (1993)[490] | 1,000 civilians killed (Georgian estimate)[491] | Incidents of ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia,[492][493][494][495][496][497][498][499][500][501][502][503] also known as the "massacres of Georgians in Abkhazia"[504][505] and "genocide of Georgians in Abkhazia"[506]—refers to ethnic cleansing,[507] massacres[508] and forced mass expulsion of thousands of ethnic Georgians. |
| April 16, 1993 | Ahmići, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Ahmići massacre | 117–120 | Croatian paramilitary forces massacre Bosniaks. |
| April 16, 1993 | Trusina, Konjic, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Trusina massacre | 22 | Bosnian Army soldiers massacre a village of Croats. |
| April 17, 1993 | Sovići, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Sovići and Doljani killings | Unknown | Croatian army and paramilitary groups massacre an unknown number of Bosniaks. |
| April 19, 1993 | Waco, Texas, United States | Massacre at Waco (July 1993) Davidian Massacre (1995)[509] |
82 | Seventy-six members of the Branch Davidian church died after a 51-day siege in a fire started either accidentally or by church members after a Federal Bureau of Investigation tank attack upon the main building. Earlier, on February 28, 1993, six others died by gunfire after the original Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms raid.[510] |
| April 19, 1993 | Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Zenica massacre | 16 | Croatian forces launch grenades into a populated town, killing 16. |
| May 10, 1993 | Vranica, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Vranica case | 13 | Croat forces massacre Bosnian POWs. |
| May 24, 1993 | Elazığ Province, Turkey | Bingöl massacre | 35–38 | PKK militants raid a Turkish Army base. |
| June – July 1993 | Brazil | Yanomami or Haximu massacre | 16–73[511][512] | Garimpeiros (illegal gold miners) killed Yanomami people. |
| July 2, 1993 | Sivas, Turkey | Sivas massacre | 35 | 35 people (mostly Alevi intellectuals) were killed when a mob of Islamic extremists set fire to the hotel where the group had assembled.[513][514][515] |
| July 5, 1993 | Başbağlar, Erzincan, Turkey | Başbağlar massacre | 33 | Several PKK members stormed the village and killed 33 civilians after rounding them up. Also over 200 houses, a clinic, a school and a mosque were burned down.[516][517] |
| July 9, 1993 | Kamani, Georgia | Kamani massacre | Unknown | Abkhaz soldiers take the Georgian city of Kamani, and rape the nuns and women of the town before shooting the priests. |
| July 23, 1993 | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | Candelária massacre | 8 | Police allegedly massacre 8 homeless people. |
| July 25, 1993 | Cape Town, South Africa | St James Church massacre | 11 | 11 People were killed during a church service by Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA) armed with assault rifles and grenades. |
| August 10, 1993 | Mokronoge, Tomislavgrad, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Mokronoge massacre | 9 | Croatian paramilitary leader massacres the family of his Bosniak brother-in-law. |
| August 23, 1993 | Vigário Geral, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | Vigário Geral massacre | 15 | Rio Military Police attack random people in retribution for being attacked by gangs. |
| September 8–9, 1993 | Grabovica, Tomislavgrad, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Grabovica massacre | 33+ | Bosnian Army soldiers massacre a village of Croats. |
| October 23, 1993 | Stupni Do, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Stupni Do massacre | 37 | Croatian forces raped the women of a Bosniak village before massacreing the population. |
| October 25, 1993 | Çat, Erzurum, Turkey | Yavi Massacre | 38 | PKK militants open fire on civilians watching the news in a coffee shop. |
| October 30, 1993 | Greysteel, Northern Ireland | Greysteel massacre | 8 | Ulster Defence Association (UDA) opened fire in a crowded bar using an AK-47 and automatic pistol. Eight civilians were killed and thirteen wounded.[518][519][520][521][522][523][524][525] |
| December 22, 1993 | Krizancevo selo, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Križančevo selo massacre | 14+ | Bosnian Army soldiers massacre a village of Croats. |
| February 5, 1994 | Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina | First Markale massacre | 68 | Srpskan army shells a market in the capital of Bosnia. |
| February 25, 1994 | West Bank | Cave of the Patriarchs massacre[526][527] (Ibrahimi Mosque massacre)[528] |
29 | Israeli settler Baruch Goldstein opens fire with an assault rifle against Palestinian Muslims, killing 29 and wounding 150 at prayer in the Ibrahimi Mosque in Hebron before being subdued and beaten to death by survivors.[529][530] |
| 1994 | Algeria | Algerian Village massacres of the 1990s | 10,000[531][532] | During the 1990s, many large-scale massacres of villagers in Algeria were perpetrated by groups attacking villages at night and cutting the throats of the inhabitants. The Armed Islamic Group (GIA) has avowed its responsibility for many of them. The massacres peaked in 1997 (with a smaller peak in 1994). According to a few reports former Algerian army officer, Habib Souaidia testified to his government's involvement in the massacres. The differing accounts are not yet reconciled.[531][533][534][535] The academic consensus is that at least the majority of the massacres were carried out by Islamist radicals; however, the government notably failed to intervene in a number of these massacres.[536] |
| March 28, 1994 | Johannesburg, South Africa | Shell House massacre | 19 | Security guards of the African National Congress (ANC) fired on 20,000 Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) marchers.[537][538][539] |
| April 22, 1994 | Gonaïves, Haiti | Raboteau massacre | 23 | Military and paramilitary forces loyal to the coup leader Raoul Cédras carried out an incursion in the Raboteau neighborhood, in Gonaïves, after its inhabitants demonstrated in support of the ousted president Jean-Bertrand Aristide. The inhabitants of Raboteau were beaten, arrested and later shot. |
| June 18, 1994 | Loughinisland, Northern Ireland | Loughinisland massacre | 6 | Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) opened fire in a crowded bar using assault rifles, killing six civilians and wounding five.[540][541][542][543][544][545][546] |
| December 27, 1994 | Mokokchung, Nagaland, India | Mokokchung Massacre | 12 | The incident took place when forces of the 10 Assam Rifles and the 12 Maratha Light Infantry of the Indian Army raided civilians in Nagaland's Mokokchung. The incident lasted for about 2 hours and left 89 shops, 48 houses, 17 vehicles and 7 two-wheelers razed to ashes, excluding those destroyed by gunfire and shelling. 7 civilians were gunned down, another 5 burned alive including a child, several women raped and more than a dozen gone missing.[547][548] |
| January 22, 1995 | Israel | Beit Lid massacre | 22[549] | First suicide attack by Palestinian Islamic Jihad, killing 22 and wounding 69. Carried out by two bombers; the second waited until emergency crews arrived to assist the wounded and dying before detonating his bomb.[550][551][552][553] |
| March 5, 1995 | Kohima, Nagaland, India | 1995 Kohima Massacre | 7 | The incident was sparked off by a tire burst from one of the convoy's own vehicle leading the armed troops to fire at civilians after mistaking the sound of the tyre bursting for a bomb attack.[554][555] |
| April 7–8, 1995 | Samashki, Chechnya, Russia | Samashki massacre | At least 100 | Drunk and high MVD troops burn down and massacre the inhabitants of the village. |
| April 20, 1995 | Atiak, Uganda | Atiak massacre | 300 | LRA rebels capture hundreds of boys and girls to use as sex slaves, and massacre the remaining people. The incident caused Uganda and Sudan (the LRA's primary sponsor) to break off diplomatic relations. |
| May 1, 1995 | Medari, Croatia | Medari massacre | 22 | Croatian forces execute Serb civilians and POWs after Operation Medak Pocket |
| May 25, 1995 | Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Tuzla massacre | 71 | The Srpskan Army launches an artillery attack against civilians in Tuzla. |
| May 25, 1995 | Kallarawa, Sri Lanka | Kallarawa massacre | 42 | LTTE forces massacre Sinhalese residents. |
| July 1995 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Srebrenica massacre | 8,372 | The Srebrenica massacre involved the genocidal killing, in July 1995, of 8,372 Bosniaks, mainly men and boys, in and around the town of Srebrenica during the Bosnian War. |
| August 6, 1995 | Golubić, Šibenik-Knin CountyCroatia | Golubić killings | 18–19 | Croatian forces massacre elderly Serb civilians. |
| August 6, 1995 | Uzdolje, Knin, Croatia | Uzdolje killings | 10 | Elderly Serb civilians massacred by Croatian forces after Operation Storm |
| August 8, 1995 | Dvor, Croatia | Dvor massacre | 9 | Elderly and disabled Serb civilians massacred by Croatian forces. |
| August 12, 1995 | Komić, Croatia | Komić killings | 9 | Elderly Serb civilians massacred by Croat forces. |
| August 25, 1995 | Grubori, Knin, Croatia | Grubori massacre | 6 | Serbs massacred by the Lučko Anti-Terrorist Unit. |
| August 27, 1995 | Gošić, Croatia | Gošić killings | 8 | Croatian forces execute 8 elderly Serb civilians. |
| August 28, 1995 | Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Second Markale massacre | 43 | Srpskan Army officials again bomb a market in the Bosnian capital. |
| August–September 1995 | Kijani, Croatia | Kijani killings | 14 | Croatian forces massacre elderly Serb civilians after Operation Storm |
| September 28, 1995 | Varivode, Croatia | Varivode massacre | 9 | Croatian forces massacre elderly Serb civilians even though the war was over. |
| October 1995 | Eastern Province, Sri Lanka | October 1995 Eastern Sri Lanka massacres | 120 | Sinhalese civilians are killed by LTTE militants. |
| March 13, 1996 | Scotland | Dunblane massacre | 17[556] | A gunman opened fire in a primary school, killing sixteen children and one teacher before killing himself.[557][558][559] |
| April 5, 1996 | Vernon, British Columbia | Vernon massacre | 10 | A man disgruntled with his family shoots his ex-wife and her relatives. |
| April 17, 1996 | Pará, Brazil | Eldorado do Carajás massacre | 19 | Protesters for Landless Workers' Movement attempting to occupy a large private ranch were shot by military police. |
| April 18, 1996 | Lebanon | First Qana massacre[560] | 106 | Israeli artillery struck the Unifil Headquarters in Qana which was providing shelter to approximately two hundred Lebanese civilians. The Israeli military said the strike was in error and that they were not targeting the UN shelter. An amateur film was released showing that, contrary to Israeli assertions, an Israeli drone was spying on the UN compound just before it was shelling.[561] The UN concluded that the attack was intentional. Amnesty International also concluded, "the IDF intentionally attacked the UN compound.[562][563][564][565][566][567] |
| April 29, 1996 | Port Arthur, Tasmania, Australia | Port Arthur massacre | 35[434] | The Port Arthur massacre of April 28, 1996, was a killing spree which claimed the lives of 35 people and wounded 21 others mainly at the historic tourist site Port Arthur in south-eastern Tasmania, Australia. It later emerged that the gunman had severe intellectual disability.[568] The massacre remains Australia's deadliest mass-killing spree and remains one of the deadliest such incidents worldwide in recent times.[435] |
| June 16, 1996 | La Gabarra, Colombia | La Gabarra massacre | 35–43 | AUC forces shot alleged FARC guerrillas. |
| December 17, 1996 | Novye Atagi, Chechnya, Russia | Novye Atagi Hospital massacre | 6 | Chechen warlords who wanted to release a captured comrade massacred 6 personnel of the hospital. |
| February 5, 1997 | Ghulja, China | Ghulja incident (2006)[569] | 9 | After two days of protests during which the protesters had marched shouting "God is great" and "independence for Xinjiang" the demonstrations were crushed by the People's Liberation Army. Official reports put the death toll at 9 while dissident reports estimated the number killed at more than 100.[570][571][572][573][574][575] |
| March 21, 1997 | Budgam district, Jammu and Kashmir | 1997 Sangrampora massacre | 7 | Unknown gunmen attack Kashmiri Pandits. |
| June 17, 1997 | Ura Vajgurore, Albania | Ura Vajgurore massacre | 5 | Clashes between the Socialist Party of Albania and the Democratic Party of Albania end with 5 police officers killed. |
| July 15–20, 1997 | Mapiripán, Colombia | Mapiripán massacre | 30+ | AUC paramilitaries attack a number of civilians, disemboweling and killing them, before dumping their bodies in a river. |
| October 22, 1997 | Ituango, Antioquia, Colombia | El Aro Massacre | 15 | 15 individuals accused of being leftist supporters of FARC were massacred by the AUC. |
| November 17, 1997 | Luxor, Egypt | Luxor massacre | 64 | Massacre carried out by Egyptian Islamist militants, in which 64 people (including 59 visiting tourists) were killed using automatic weapons and machetes.[576][577][578] |
| December 1, 1997 | Laxmanpur Bathe, Bihar, India | Laxmanpur Bathe massacre | 58 | 58 Dalits were shot, allegedly by members of the Ranvir Sena in retribution for mass murders perpetrated by Maoists. |
| December 22, 1997 | Acteal, Mexico | Acteal massacre | 45 | Massacre carried out by paramilitary forces of 45 people attending a prayer meeting of indigenous townspeople, who were members of the pacifist group Las Abejas ("The Bees"), in the village of Acteal, municipality of Chenalhó, in the Mexican state of Chiapas.[579][580][581] |
| February 28 – March 1, 1998 | Likoshan and Qirez, Kosovo | Attacks on Likošane and Ćirez (part of the larger Drenica massacres) | 25 | Combined with the attack at Prekaz, this sparked the Kosovo War by reigniting the need for the Kosovo Liberation Army. |
| March 7, 1998 | Prekaz i Epërm, Kosovo | Prekaz massacre | 58 | Yugoslav army soldiers attack the house of KLA insurgents, killing their families, and sparking the Kosovo War. |
| April 17, 1998 | Prankote and Dakikote, Udhampur, Jammu and Kashmir | Prankote massacre | 26 | Hizbul Mujahideen terrorists behead Hindus in Kashmir. |
| May 25, 1998 | Peja, Kosovo | First Ljubenić massacre | 8 | Serbian forces massacre 8 ethnic Albanian men in the village of Ljubenić. |
| July 17–22, 1998 | Lipjan, Kosovo | Klečka killings | 22 | Albanian militants torture and kill Kosovo Serb civilians. |
| August 15, 1998 | Omagh, Northern Ireland | Omagh bombing (November 1998)[582] | 29 | The Omagh bombing was a car bomb attack carried out by the Real Irish Republican Army, a splinter group of former Provisional Irish Republican Army members opposed to the Good Friday Agreement. Twenty-nine people died and approximately 220 people were injured.The attack was described by the BBC as "Northern Ireland's worst single terrorist atrocity".[583][584][585][586][587][588] |
| September 1998 | Radoniq lake, Kosovo | Lake Radonjić massacre | 34–39 | Albanian militants massacre ethnic minorities in the region. |
| September 26, 1998 | Donje Obrinje, Kosovo | Gornje Obrinje massacre | 21 | Serbian police, in response to the killing of 14 policemen by militants in nearby towns, massacre Kosovar Albanians in a forest. |
| December 14, 1998 | Peja, Kosovo | Panda Bar massacre | 6 | Albanian militants attack Serbian youth after other miliants' weapons were confiscated by Serb authorities. |
| January 15, 1999 | Račak, Kosovo | Račak massacre | 45 | Serbian forces massacre Albanian civilians and guerrillas, and refuse to let war crimes investigators near the site. |
| March 13, 1999 | Istanbul, Turkey | Blue Market massacre | 13 | Terrorist attack of Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) resulted in killing of 13 civilians. |
| March 24–25, 1999 | Bellacërkë, Kosovo | Bela Crkva massacre | 58 | Serbian forces fire indiscriminately upon Albanian villagers after NATO forces encroach upon their location. The massacre was the first of many as revenge for the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, which began that same day. |
| March 25, 1999 | Velika Kruša, Kosovo | Krusha massacres | 90–109 | Serbian forces massacre Albanians in retribution for the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia. |
| March 26, 1999 | Suva Reka, Kosovo | Suva Reka massacre | 48 | Serbian police bomb the town and massacre the Albanians in buildings. |
| March 28, 1999 | Izbica, Kosovo | Izbica massacre | 93 | Serbian police and paramilitary groups massacre nearly 100 mainly elderly Albanian civilians. |
| April 1, 1999 | Peja, Kosovo | Second Ljubenić massacre | 66 | Serbian forces allegedly massacre the men of the village. |
| April 20, 1999 | Littleton, Colorado, United States | Columbine High School Massacre (May 1999)[589] | 15[590] | Two teenagers, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold open fire on their classmates on April 20, 1999, at Columbine High School, killing 12 students and a teacher and injuring 21 others before committing suicide in the school's library. |
| April 27, 1999 | Meja, Gjakova, Kosovo | Meja massacre | 377+ | Serbian police and Yugoslav forces massacre hundreds of Albanian men after 6 Serb policemen were shot and killed by the Kosovo Liberation Army. |
| May 2–3, 1999 | Vushtrri, Kosovo | Vučitrn massacre | 100–120 | Serbian police massacre Albanian refugees. |
| May 14, 1999 | Ćuška, Kosovo | Ćuška massacre | 41 | Serbian armed forces who captured the village massacred all Albanian men. |
| May 19–23 | Dubrava Prison, Istok Kosovo | Dubrava Prison bombings and executions | 98–105 | NATO bombed the Serbian run prison, claiming it was a military barracks, and killed around 20 people. Because of this, the Serbian guards lined up 1,000 ethnic Albanians and shot them, killing around 70. |
| June–October 1999 | Gjilan, Kosovo | Gnjilane killings | 51 | KLA forces massacre and torture Serb civilians in the aftermath of the war. |
| July 23, 1999 | Lipjan, Kosovo | Staro Gracko massacre | 14 | KLA forces kill Serbian farmers in the aftermath of the war. |
| July 1999 | Ugljare, Graçanicë, Kosovo | Ugljare mass grave | 15 | Albanian villages discover a mass grave, allegedly committed by KLA forces under Hashim Thaçi. |
| October 7, 1999 | Elistanzhi, Chechen Republic | Elistanzhi massacre | 34+ | Russian forces drop a cluster bomb on the mountainous village of Elistanzhi, although the town had no rebel influence and was undefended. |
| December 1999 | Alkhan-Yurt, Grozny, Chechen Republic | Alkhan-Yurt massacre | 17–41 | Russian soldiers loot and pillage the town. |
| December 1999 – January 2000 | Staroprymyslovsky, Grozny, Chechen Republic | Staropromyslovsky massacre | 38–56 | Russian soldiers reportedly went on a killing spree with no motive. |
| February 5, 2000 | Novye Aldi, Grozny, Chechen Republic | Novye Aldi massacre | 60–82 | Russian soldiers loot a suburb of Grozny after capturing it. |
| July 27, 2000 | West Bengal, India | Nanoor massacre | 11 | Killing of 11 landless labourers allegedly by activists of Communist Party of India (Marxist), a political party in India, in Suchpur, near Nanoor and under Nanoor police station, in Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal.[591][592][593] |
| December 28, 2000 | near Bujumbura, Burundi | Titanic Express massacre | 21 | The Hutu supremacist militia FNL attack Tutsi passengers on a bus. |
| June 1, 2001 | Tel Aviv, Israel | Dolphinarium discotheque massacre | 25 | A Hamas suicide bomber blows himself up outside a nightclub in Tel Aviv, killing at least 21 teenage girls and 4 adults. The youngest victim was 14 years old, and a majority of the teenage girls were of Russian origin.[594] |
| June 1, 2001 | Kathmandu, Nepal | Nepalese royal massacre | 9 | Crown Prince Dipendra of Nepal kills 9 members of the Nepalese royal family in a mass shooting. |
| June 7, 2001 | Ikeda, Osaka, Japan | Osaka school massacre | 8 | Mamoru Takuma, an ex-convict with a history of mental disturbance and anti-social behavior, entered Ikeda Elementary School and stabbed multiple children and teachers there before being subdued. |
| December 20, 2001 | Buenos Aires, Argentina | 2001 Massacre of Plaza de Mayo | 5 | Members of the Argentine Federal Police fired against a group of protesters who were protesting in the Plaza de Mayo. As a result, 5 people were killed and 227 were injured. |
| February 28, 2002 | Ahmedabad, India | Gulbarg Society massacre | 69 | During the 2002 Gujarat riots, a mob attacked the Gulbarg Society, a lower middle-class Muslim neighbourhood in Chamanpura, Ahmedabad. Most of the houses were burnt, and at least 35 victims including a former Congress, Member of Parliament, Ehsan Jafri, were burnt alive, while 31 others went missing after the incident, later presumed dead, bringing the total of the dead to 69.[595][596][597] |
| February 28, 2002 | Naroda, India | Naroda Patiya massacre | 97 | Bajrang Dal militants massacre nearly 100 Muslims during the 2002 Gujarat riots. |
| March 27, 2002 | Netanya, Israel | Passover massacre | 30[598] | Killing of 30 guests at the Park Hotel in Netanya, Israel, sitting down to the traditional Passover Seder meal. Another 143 were injured. Hamas claimed responsibility.[598][599][600][601][602] |
| April 11, 2002 | Caracas, Venezuela | El Silencio Massacre | 19 | After an anti-government march headed to the presidential Miraflores Palace in Caracas, Venezuela, a shootout broke out between the Caracas Metropolitan Police and the pro-government Bolivarian Circles.causing 19 deaths and 127 injured people.[603] |
| September 9, 2002 | Commune of Itaba, Gitega Province, Burundi | Itaba massacre | 173–267 | Burundian army officials, targeting civilians, attack hundreds of women, children, and elderly in Gitega. |
| March 2, 2004 | Karbala and Baghdad, Iraq | Ashoura Massacre | 80-100+ | JTJ insurgents bomb major cities after the invasion of Iraq. |
| March 2, 2004 | Quetta, Pakistan | Quetta Ashura massacre | 42 | Lashkar-e-Jhangvi militants attack a predominantly Hazara party celebrating Ashura. |
| May 19, 2004 | Iraq | Mukaradeeb wedding party massacre | 42 | US military shoots and bombs civilians celebrating a wedding; 42 are killed, including 13 children. US military maintains no such party was taking place at the time of the attack, but two videos, one of the party and the other of the remains taken the next day, refute the US denial.[604][605] |
| September 1, 2004 | Beslan, Russian Federation | Beslan school hostage crisis | 334 | Armed Chechen separatists[606] took more than 1,200 people hostage at a school. 334 civilians were killed, including 186 school children, and hundreds wounded.[607][608][609] |
| February 16, 2005 | Goiás, Brazil | Parque Oeste massacre | 2 | Landless farmers occupying a large ranch were shot by police. |
| March 5, 2005 | near Rehoboth, Namibia | Kareeboomvloer massacre | 8 | Brothers Sylvester and Gavin Beukes murder the owners' couple of farm Kareeboomvloer and execute all witnesses, including two children.[610] The motive was revenge for a previous theft charge laid by the farm owner.[611] |
| March 31, 2005 | Baixada Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | Baixada massacre | 31 | A military police officer shot and killed dozens of Brazilians after forming a gang, and was sentenced to 543 years in prison. |
| May 13, 2005 | Andijan, Uzbekistan | Andijan massacre | 187–1,500 | Uzbek Interior Ministry and National Security Service troops fired into a crowd of protesters.[612][613] |
| 7 June to November, 2005 | Addis Ababa | Addis Ababa massacre | 193 | The Tigray-Led EPRDF ruling massacred, injured and detained many due to election related violence |
| August 4, 2005 | Shefa-Amr, Israel | Shafram massacre (2005)[614] | 4 | In protest of Ariel Sharon's government evacuation of Gaza colonies, Jewish IDF deserter Eden Natan-Zada travels to Israeli Arab city Shefa-Amr and unloads his gun against residents of a Druze neighborhood. |
| November 19, 2005 | Haditha, Iraq | Haditha massacre | 24 | US Marines slaughter 24 unarmed Iraqi civilians, among whom numerous children and the elderly. Although the unit's commander, Staff Sgt Frank Wuterich, claimed his forces came under attack just before the rampage, no weapons were found in the area. |
| March 12, 2006 | Iraq | Mahmudiyah massacre[615] | 6 | U.S. soldiers invade Iraqi family residence; kill a father and mother and their three youngest children; rape the eldest child, Abeer Qassim Hamza al-Janabi (14); and kill her. |
| March 25, 2006 | Seattle, Washington, United States | Capitol Hill massacre | 6 | 28-year-old Kyle Aaron Huff entered a rave afterparty in the southeast part of Seattle's Capitol Hill neighborhood and opened fire, killing six and wounding two, before killing himself.[616] |
| April 8, 2006 | Elgin County, Ontario | Shedden massacre | 8 | Gang members in Ontario massacred rivals and left their bodies in a field. |
| 2006–present | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | Militias–Comando Vermelho massacres | Unclear | In separate incidents, military police and drug dealers had massive shootouts to determine which gang would control the favela. Many civilians were caught in the crossfire. |
| June 12, 2006 | Kulgam, Jammu and Kashmir | 2006 Kulgam massacre | 9 | Hizbul Mujahideen militants approached a group of Indian laborers taking a lunch break, asked who was Muslim, and shot those that weren't. |
| July 30, 2006 | Lebanon | 2006 Qana airstrike, also known as the second Qana massacre | 28 | Israeli Air Force airstrike on a building in Qana kills 28 civilians, among them 16 children. Israel later said that it had thought the building empty of civilians and was used as a hiding place for Hezbollah operatives |
| April 16, 2007 | Blacksburg, Virginia, United States | Virginia Tech massacre | 32 | Gunman Seung-Hui Cho, killed 32 people and wounded many others[617] before committing suicide. The massacre one of the deadliest peacetime shooting incidents by a single gunman in United States history, on or off a school campus.[618] |
| May 2 – June 27, 2007 | Complexo do Alemão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | Complexo do Alemão massacre | 63 | In separate incidents, military police and drug dealers had massive shootouts to determine which gang would control the favela. Many civilians were caught in the crossfire. |
| September 11, 2008 | Pando Department, Bolivia | Porvenir massacre | 12 | Department authorities, as part of a right-wing coup plot to overthrow Evo Morales, massacre 12 Indigenous Bolivian protesters. |
| January 3, 2009 | Beit Lahia, Gaza Strip | Ibrahim al-Maqadma Mosque missile strike | 16 | Israeli forces bomb the mosque during evening prayer, with 6 six of the sixteen dying being children. |
| May 4, 2009 | Bilge, Mardin, Turkey | Mardin engagement ceremony massacre | 44 | The Mardin engagement ceremony massacre was a massacre carried out by Mehmet Çelebi,[619] a village guard, at an engagement ceremony, where at least forty-four people were killed on May 4, 2009, in the village of Bilge in Mazıdağı district of south-eastern Mardin Province in Turkey. The attack was perpetrated using grenades and automatic weapons by at least two masked assailants, who authorities believe are involved in a feud between two families.[620] According to some sources it was an internal feud of the Kurdish Çelebi clan.[621][622] |
| September 28, 2009 | Conakry, Guinea | September 28 massacre | 157 | Guinean uniformed security forces opened fire on a political rally trapped in the September 28 Stadium.[623] |
| October, 2009 | Táchira, Venezuela | Los Maniceros massacre | 11 | Kidnapping in Colombia of twelve members of a Colombian amateur association football team Los Maniceros (The Peanut Men), eleven of whom were later killed.[624] |
| November 5, 2009 | Ft. Hood, Texas, United States | 2009 Fort Hood shooting | 13 | Gunman Nidal Hasan, a Major in the U.S. Army, killed 12 soldiers and one civilian, and wounded at least 30 on the base at Ft. Hood. Initial reports indicate Hassan was upset at being deployed to Iraq.[625][626][627][628][629][630] |
| November 23, 2009 | Ampatuan, Maguindanao, Philippines | Maguindanao massacre | 57 | A group of 100 armed men, alleged to include police and private militia led by Andal Ampatuan, Jr., stopped a convoy of five cars transporting Genalyn Tiamzon-Mangudadatu, the wife of Esmael Mangudadatu, who is running for provincial governor in the 2010 Philippine elections. She was en route to the town of Shariff Aguak to file a certificate of candidacy for her husband, accompanied by his sisters, other supporters, and members of the press. The attackers kidnapped and later killed all members of the Mangudadatu group; reports state that women in the group were raped before being killed. Five other people not part of the group, in a car behind the convoy, were also kidnapped and killed.[631][632][633][634][635] |
| January 31, 2010 | Villas de Salvarcar, Ciudad Juárez, Mexico | Villas de Salvárcar massacre | 16 | Cartel members massacre 16 teenagers, outraging Ciudad Juarez residents. |
| May 28, 2010 | Lahore, Pakistan | 2010 Ahmadiyya mosques massacre | 87+ | Tehrik-i-Taliban militants bomb two mosques simultaneously, intentionally targeting members of the Ahmadiyya branch of Islam. |
| June 25, 2010 | Juárez, Nuevo León | Nuevo León mass graves | 70 | Bodies found in mass graves across Nuevo León |
| June 2010 | Taxco, Guerrero, Mexico | Guerrero mass graves | 55+ | Cartels massacre civilians. |
| August 6, 2010 | Badakhshan ProvinceAfghanistan | 2010 Badakhshan massacre | 10 | Unknown assailants attack a convoy, and marks the deadliest attack on foreign aid workers during the war. |
| August 24, 2010 | San Fernando, Mexico | 2010 San Fernando massacre | 72 | 72 undocumented migrants were killed by Los Zetas |
| March 24–29, 2011 | San Fernando, Tamaulipas | 2011 San Fernando massacre | 193 | Gruesome murder by Los Zetas of 193 travelers using barbaric, gladiator style tactics. |
| June 3, 2011 | Piedras Negras, Coahuila, Mexico | Coahuila mass graves | 38 | Mass grave covered up by drug catels |
| July 22, 2011 | Utøya island, Norway | Utøya massacre | 69 | Right-wing terrorist Anders Behring Breivik opened fire at a summer camp held by the Workers' Youth League killing 69 and wounding 200 before surrendering to police.[636] Breivik also killed eight people in a bombing in Oslo in a separate attack hours earlier.[637] |
| August 18, 2011 | Uror County, South Sudan | Uror massacre | 640+ | In what was believed to be a revenge operation, members of the Murle tribe attacked members of the Nuer tribe, burning down over 3,400 houses and the hospital ran by Médecins Sans Frontières. An initial estimate showed that 38,000 heads of cattle were stolen and 208 children were kidnapped.[638] |
| October 5, 2011 | Chiang Khong, Chiang Rai, Thailand | Mekong River massacre | 13 | Two Chinese cargo ships were attacked on a stretch of the Mekong River in the Golden Triangle area. All 13 crew members were killed and dumped in the river.[639] It is the deadliest assault on Chinese nationals abroad in modern times.[640] |
| 2011 (various times) | Durango City, Durango, Mexico | 2011 Durango massacres | 340 | Various mass graves discovered between April 2011 and February 2012. |
| December 16–17, 2011 | Zhanaozen, Kazakhstan | Zhanaozen massacre | 14+ | Kazakh police massacre oil workers protesting for better wages and working conditions. |
| December 19–20, 2011 | Jabal Zawiya, Syria | Jabal al-Zawiya massacres | 120-269+ | Syrian soldiers trying to defect were gunned down by their former comrades. |
| December 23, 2011 – January 4, 2012 | Pibor, South Sudan | Pibor massacre | 900–3,141 | Partly as reaction for previous massacres, the Nuer White Army released a statement stating its intention to "wipe out the entire Murle tribe on the face of the earth as the only solution to guarantee long-term security of Nuer's cattle"[641] and massacred members of the Murle people.[642] |
| February 28, 2012 | Kohistan District, Pakistan | Kohistan Shia massacre | 18 | Jundallah militants stop a bus heading to Gilgit, and massacre the Shias in the group. |
| March 11, 2012 | Kandahar, Afghanistan | Kandahar massacre | 17 | 17 Afghan civilians were killed by U.S. Army Soldier Robert Bales.[643] Some witnesses have indicated more than one person was involved.[644] |
| April 17 – May 4, 2012 | Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico | 2012 Nuevo Laredo massacres | 39+ | Various massacres between the Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas having a turf war |
| May 12–13, 2012 | Cadereyta Jiménez, Nuevo León, Mexico | Cadereyta Jiménez massacre | 49-68+ | Los Zetas murder Mexican civilians, either Gulf Cartel members or US-bound immigrants. |
| May 25, 2012 | Houla, Syria | Houla massacre | 108 | Approximately 108 people were killed with knives in the Syrian town of Houla. Approximately 25 men, 49 children and 34 women were among the victims.[645] |
| June 6, 2012 | Al-Qubeir, Syria | Al-Qubeir massacre | 55–78 | Civilians in the town were massacred by Shabiha militant groups. |
| August 24–25, 2012 | Darayya, Syria | Darayya massacre | 400–500 | Syrian Army and Shabiha soldiers take over the town, and ransack houses and kill civilians. |
| August 2012 | Mansehra District, Pakistan | Mansehra Shia massacre | 25 | Shia Muslims on their way to Gilgit were stopped by Tehrik-i-Taliban members, and shot once the Shiites showed their ID cards. |
| December 11, 2012 | Aqrab, Syria | Aqrab massacre | 125–300 | Soldiers (unclear who) massacre the town's Alawite population. |
| December 14, 2012 | Talbiseh, Syria | Talbiseh bakery massacre | 14 | Civilians waiting in line for bread at a bakery were bombed by the Syrian Army. |
| December 23, 2012 | Halfaya, Syria | Halfaya massacre | 23–300 | Civilians were killed by airstrikes while trying to queue in line for bread at a bakery. |
| April 16–17, 2013 | Baga, Borno, Nigeria | First Baga massacre | 37-228+ | Nigerian military forces massacre hundreds of civilians and burn down the town during an operation against Boko Haram. |
| May 2–3, 2013 | Al-Bayda and Baniyas, Syria | Bayda and Baniyas massacres | 51–250 (Bayda), 77–200 (Baniyas), 450 (total) | Refugees trying to flee the towns were shot at by Syrian Army soldiers in retribution for an attack by rebels that had happened a few days prior. |
| June 11, 2013 | Hatla, Syria | Hatla massacre | 30–60 | Syrian opposition and Al-Nusra Front rebels massacre Shiite civilians. |
| June 22, 2013 | Nanga Parbat, Kashmir | 2013 Nanga Parbat massacre | 11 | Tehrik-i-Taliban militants attack a mountaineering group in revenge for American drone strikes. |
| July 22, 2013 | Khan al-Asal, Syria | Khan al-Assal massacre | 51–123 | Al-Nusra Front and 19th Division soldiers kill government POWs. |
| August 14, 2013 | Cairo, Egypt | Rabaa massacre | 600–800+ | Egyptian security forces and army raided two camps of protesters in Cairo: one at al-Nahda Square and a larger one at Rabaa al-Adawiya Square. The two sites had been occupied by supporters of ousted President Mohamed Morsi. Reports of fatalities range from 600 to more than 800 civilians, while at least 3,994 were injured. |
| December 11–12, 2013 | Adra, Syria | Adra massacre | 32–100 | Syrian non-Muslim minorities are shot by Al-Nusra Front. |
| December 2013 | Juba, South Sudan | Gudele massacre | 240 | During the breakout of the South Sudanese Civil War, Dinka SPLA soldiers rounded up and killed Nuer men from Nuer suburbs in the capital, Juba.[646] |
| January 26, 2014 | Kawuri, Maiduguri, Nigeria | Kawuri massacre | 85 | Boko Haram militants attack a town with bombs and guns. |
| February 9, 2014 | Ma'an, Syria | Maan massacre | 21–62 | Alawite civilians are massacred by Jund al-Aqsa jihadists. |
| April 15, 2014 | Bentiu, South Sudan | 2014 Bentiu massacre | 400+ | During the South Sudanese Civil War, rebels massacred mostly non-Nuer civilians after taking control of Bentiu.[647] |
| June 10, 2014 | Badush, Iraq | Badush prison massacre | 670 | ISIS militants raid a prison, and massacre all the Shia prisoners. |
| August 2014 | Sinjar District, Nineveh Governorate, Iraq | Sinjar massacre | 2,000–5,000 | An ISIS massacre of Yazidi men. |
| December 16, 2014 | Peshawar, Pakistan | 2014 Peshawar school massacre | 148 | Seven gunmen affiliated with the Tehrik-i-Taliban (TTP) attacked the Army Public School, killing more than 150 people, including 134 schoolchildren, ranging between eight and eighteen years of age. |
| January 3–7, 2015 | Baga, Borno, Nigeria | Second Baga massacre | 150–2,000 | Boko Haram militants capture the town, and massacre any remaining residents. |
| June 17, 2015 | Charleston, SC, United States | Charleston church shooting (Charleston church massacre)[648][649][650] | 9 | A mass shooting perpetrated by Dylann Roof, a 21-year-old white supremacist, opened fire at the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church, killing 9.[651] |
| June 25–29, 2015 | Kobanî, Syria | Kobanî massacre | 233 | ISIS massacres Kurdish people in the city during its attempted takeover. |
| June 30 – July 1, 2015 | Kukawa, Nigeria | 30 June and 1 July 2015 Borno massacres | 145 | Boko Haram militants shoot up a mosque they deemed too moderate, and then entered houses and shot their inhabitants. |
| November 13, 2015 | Paris, France | Bataclan massacre (2016)[652] | 130 | November 2015 Paris attacks The deadliest attack in France since World War II. Multiple shooting and grenade attacks occurred on a Friday night; among the locations targeted were a music venue, sports stadium and several bar and restaurant terraces. 90 persons were killed during a siege at an Eagles of Death Metal concert inside the Bataclan. French president François Hollande evacuated from a football match between France and Germany at the Stade de France, slated venue for the UEFA Euro 2016 Final, after three separate suicide bombings over the course of about 40 minutes. ISIS claimed responsibility for the attacks and President Hollande named the Paris attacks an "act of war".[653] |
| March 8, 2016 | Tumeremo, Venezuela | Tumeremo massacre (2016) | 4 (confirmed)
24 disappeared, presumed dead |
Twenty-eight miners were murdered and kidnapped in the town of Tumeremo, located in the state of Bolívar, Venezuela. On the night of 4 March 2016, they were in the Atenas mine, on the border between the municipalities of Sifontes and Roscio, a poor area where, like most of the southeast of the country, the main economic activity is mining.[654] |
| June 12, 2016 | Orlando, Florida, United States | Orlando massacre | 49 | A mass shooting perpetrated by Omar Mateen, a 29-year-old U.S. citizen, opened fire in the Pulse Nightclub, a gay nightclub, killing 49, and injuring 50+. ISIS claimed responsibility for the attacks. It was the worst shooting massacre by a lone perpetrator in modern U.S. history, until the 2017 Las Vegas shooting.[655] |
| July 19, 2016 | Tokhar, Manbij, Syria | Tokhar massacre | 84–240 | American airstrike hits the village of Tokhar, which was housing refugees recently displaced by the war. A strike the next day hits the town of Ghandoura, killing 28. |
| December 31, 2016 | Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil | Campinas massacre | 13 | A man angry that his ex-wife left him went to a New Year's party his ex-wife's family was holding, and fatally shot her, her family, and his son. |
| May 24, 2017 | Pau d'Arco, Pará, Brazil | 2017 Santa Lúcia massacre | 10 | Brazilian police massacre landless activists. |
| August 25, 2017 | Kha Maung Seik, MaungdawMyanmar | Kha Maung Seik massacre | 99 | Bengali Hindus are massacred by unknown Muslim insurgents. |
| September 2, 2017 | Inn Din, Rakhine State, Myanmar | Inn Din massacre | 10 | Mass execution of Rohingyas by the Myanmar Army and armed Rakhine locals in the village of Inn Din, in Rakhine State, Myanmar. |
| October 5, 2017 | Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil | Janaúba massacre | 14 | A daycare security guard locked himself in a room with children between the ages of 3 and 7, doused fuel across the children and the room, and set the room alight. |
| October 14, 2018 | Tumeremo, Venezuela | Tumeremo massacre (2018) | 7 | Third civilian massacre of miners in the Venezuelan town of Tumeremo since 2016.[656] Occurring over three days from 14 October 2018, it is suspected that a Colombian guerrilla group is responsible for the murders.[657] |
| October 20, 2018 | Sagay, Negros Occidental, Philippines | Sagay massacre | 9 | Alleged communists, who were actually members of a sugar-producing union, were massacred. |
| December 1, 2018 | Nduga Regency, Papua, Indonesia | Nduga massacre | 19 | Papuan separatists attacked a construction camp and took 25 construction workers hostage. The separatists took their captives to a nearby hill and proceeded to shoot them, killing 19 of them. The West Papua Liberation Army, the military arm of the West Papua Liberation Organization, claimed responsibility for the attack, but claimed that the workers were in reality Indonesian soldiers disguised as civilians. |
| February 10–11, 2019 | Kaduna State, Nigeria | Kaduna State massacre | 141 | Hundreds of Fula died in clashes between Adara and Fulani herdsmen. A subsequent attack by Fula on Adara herdsmen left 11 Adara dead. |
| March 13, 2019 | Suzano, São Paulo, Brazil | Suzano massacre | 10 | Former students of a Brazilian school shoot up a car shop and then the school. |
| March 15, 2019 | Christchurch, Canterbury Region, New Zealand | Christchurch mosque massacre | 51 | White supremacist Brenton Harrison Tarrant went to the Al Noor Mosque and the Linwood Islamic Centre, shooting at those present, while broadcasting the entire event live on Facebook. |
| March 23, 2019 | Ogossagou and Welingara, Mopti, Mali | Ogossagou massacre | 160 | Dogon soldiers massacred Fulani herdsmen during a crackdown on Islamic hardliners in the Mali War. The massacre led to the resignation of Prime Minister Soumeylou Boubèye Maïga. |
| April 18, 2019 | Makran, Balochistan, Pakistan | 2019 Makran massacre | 14 | Baloch gunmen massacred passengers on buses heading through the Balochistan region. |
| May 26, 2019 | North Waziristan, Pakistan | Kharqamar incident (Khar Qamar massacre)[658] | 13–17[659][658] | The Pakistani Army shot into a Pashtun protest gathering, killing more than 13 protesters and injuring over 25 others.[658] |
| June 3, 2019 | Khartoum, Sudan | Khartoum massacre | 128+ | During mass protests, the Sudanese Armed Forces massacred protestors in the street. The incident led to the collapse of the Omar al-Bashir regime. |
| June 10, 2019 | Northern Mali | Sobane Da massacre | 76[660][661] | The Dogon village of Sobane-Kou in Mali was attacked by a suspected Fulani militia group.[662] |
| August 3, 2019 | El Paso, Texas, United States | El Paso massacre | 23 | White supremacist Patrick Wood Crusius commits a mass shooting at a Walmart that kills 23, mostly Hispanics. |
| October 29, 2019 | Kulgam, Jammu and Kashmir | Kulgam massacre | 7 | Hizbul Mujahideen kill Bengali workers in the region. |
| November 15, 2019 | Sacaba Municipality, Bolivia | Sacaba massacre | 10 | After Jeanine Áñez staged a coup against Evo Morales in late 2019, massive protests occurred and consequently the new government repressed them, opening fire on the crowds. |
| November 19, 2019 | Senkata, El Alto, Bolivia | Senkata massacre | 11 | Four days after a previous massacre by Bolivian forces, indigenous protestors were shot when trying to blockade a gas facility. |
| November 20, 2019 | Qah, Syria | Qah missile strike | 15 | Six children were killed by a Syrian Armed Forces air strike on the Qah refugee camp on the Syrian-Turkish border. |
| February 14, 2020 | Ngarbuh, Cameroon | Ngarbuh massacre | 22+ | On 14 February 2020 during the Anglophone Crisis, and resulted in the murder of 21 civilians, including 13 children,[663] by Cameroonian soldiers and armed Fulani militia. |
| April 18, 2020 | Katsina State, Nigeria | Katsina attacks | 47 | Bandits attacked the towns of Danmusa, Dutsemna, and Safana, demanding relief materials given to the villagers by the government because of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
| May 4, 2020 | Macuto, Venezuela | Macuto massacre | 6 | Unsuccessful raid that sought to remove Nicolás Maduro from office in Venezuela. A report submitted by opposition deputy Wilmer Azuaje argued and concluded that there was not an armed confrontation and that after the raid's failure its participants were subject to torture and extrajudicial killings.[664][665] |
| May 27, 2020 | Mizda, Libya | Mizdah massacre | 30 | Human traffickers attack Bangladeshi and African migrants. |
| October 20, 2020 | Lekki, Lagos, Nigeria | Lekki massacre | 12 | The Nigerian Army shoot at End SARS protesters at the Lekki toll gate in Lagos, killing 12 people. |
| November 9–10, 2020 | Mai Kadra, Ethiopia | Mai Kadra massacre | 600–1,100 | The killings took place amidst an armed conflict between the TPLF-led regional government and the government of Ethiopia. |
| November 27–28, 2020 | Wukro, Ethiopia | November 2020 Wukro massacre | 220 | Ethiopian (ENDF) and Eritrans soldiers killed civilians in Wukro (Eastern Tigray). |
| November 28, 2020 | Koshebe, Borno State, Nigeria | Koshebe massacre | 110 | Alleged Boko Haram militants massacre workers from Sokoto State who had travelled to find good farmland. |
| November 28–29, 2020 | Aksum, Ethiopia | Aksum massacre | 100–800 | Eritrean soldiers attacked the city of Aksum after they were attacked by local militia loyal to the TPLF. |
| November 29, 2020 | Hitsats refugee camp, Ethiopia | Hitsats massacre | 305 | During and after a battle between soldiers of the Eritrean Defence Forces and fighters of the Tigray People's Liberation Front, 305 civilians in a refugee camp were murdered by one or both groups. The civilians killed were 300 Eritrean refugees and 5 humanitarian workers. |
| December 4–7, 2020 | Tigray Region, Ethiopia | Ziban Gedena massacre | 150–300 | The Eritrean Defence Forces (EDF) killed civilians in Ziban Gedena (NW Tigray). |
| January 8, 2021 | La Vega, Caracas, Venezuela | La Vega massacre | 23 | Members of the Venezuelan National Police (PNB), the Special Armed Forces (FAES) and the Venezuelan National Guard seized control of the parish, killing a number of people in the neighborhood. |
| January 11, 2021 | Debano, Tigray Region, Ethiopia | Debano massacre | 30+ | Amhara forces attack the village of Debano, killing civilians and looting houses. |
| January 22, 2021 | Camargo, Mexico | Camargo massacre | 11 | On January 22, 2021, 19 corpses were found in a truck in Camargo Municipality, which is in the Mexican state Tamaulipas and borders Texas in the United States. The authorities discovered two vehicles which were on fire. |
| February 24–25, 2021 | Kaduna and Katsina, Nigeria | Kaduna and Katsina attacks | 36–97 | Unknown gunmen massacre civilians in northern Nigeria. |
| March 3, 2021 | Zamr, Tigray Region, Ethiopia | Zamr massacre | 7 | Eritrean soldiers kill Tigrayan youth. |
| March 5, 2021 | Debos Kebele, East Welega Zone, Ethiopia | Abo church massacre | 29 | OLA forces attack Amhara civilians. |
| May 4, 2021 | Saudades, Santa Catarina, Brazil | Saudades massacre | 5 | An 18-year old killed 4 victims at a daycare. |
| May 16, 2021 | Gaza, Palestine | Wehda Street airstrikes, known among Palestinians as the "Al-Wehda massacre".[666][667] | 44 | Israeli forces with the stated target of underground military infrastructure bombed al-Wehda Street, a densely populated area located in one of Gaza's most prominent residential and commercial neighborhoods. |
| June 3, 2021 | Kebbi State, Nigeria | 2021 Kebbi massacre | 90+ | Unknown gunmen attack villages in northeastern Kebbi State. |
| June 4, 2021 | Solhan and Tadaryat, Burkina Faso | Solhan and Tadaryat massacres | 174 | Unknown insurgents attacked the villages of Solhan and Tadaryat, marking one of the deadliest massacres in the insurgency in Burkina Faso. |
| June 11–12, 2021 | Zurmi, Zamfara State, Nigeria | Zurmi massacre | 53 | Unknown gunmen on motorcycles attack the town of Zurmi, killing predominantly farmers. |
| July 30, 2021 | Meram, Turkey | Konya massacre | 7 | Seven family members were shot.[668][669] |
| August 14, 2021 | Karachi, Pakistan | 2021 Karachi massacre | 14 | An unidentified assailant threw a grenade into a family from Khwazakhela. |
| August 18, 2021 | Arbinda, Burkina Faso | Arbinda massacre | 80 | Suspected Islamists attack a civilian convoy. |
| August 31, 2021–September 4, 2021 | Amhara Region, Ethiopia | Chenna massacre | 120–200 | Amhara regional authorities reported that the TDF killed civilians in and around the village of Chenna Teklehaymanot. |
| September 9, 2021 | Kobo, Ethiopia | Kobo massacre | 600 | TDF fighters killed 600 civilians in Kobo in the Amhara Region. |
| December 3, 2021 | Mopti, Mali | Mopti bus massacre | 31 | Unidentified gunmen massacred everyone on board a bus, and destroyed the bus. |
| December 4, 2021 | Mon, Nagaland, India | Oting Massacre | 16 | Six were initially killed. Another 8 were killed in the ensuing violence.[670] |
| December 24, 2021 | Mo So, Kayah State, Myanmar | Mo So massacre | 44 | Mo so massacre occurred in the afternoon of December 28, 2021, in Hpruso Township, located in Myanmar's Kayah State. Over 40 people were killed and burned beyond recognition without exception in their vehicles by Myanmar Army troops. The troops first engaged in a fight with the Karenni Border Guard Force which resulted in the deaths of 4 Karenni Border Guard Force soldiers, then ransacked the victims and their belongings. The next morning, individuals from the People's Defence Force (KNDF) saw the victims burned in their vehicles and properties. Two Save the Children staff went missing during the incident and were later confirmed dead.[671] On December 27, the KNDF reported that 13 locals were unaccounted for during the massacre, including eight employees of a gasoline station. However, it was reported by the state news that they first shot the soldiers before they were killed. |
| January 4–6, 2022 | Zamfara State, Nigeria | 2022 Zamfara massacres | 200+ | Gunmen on bikes attacked various towns in Zamfara State, displacing populations.[672] |
| January 14, 2022 | Dankade, Kebbi State, Nigeria | Dankade massacre | 18-50+ | Bandits attack the town of Dankade, burning houses and leaving desecrated bodies in the streets. |
| January 16–17, 2022 | Haute-Kotto, Central African Republic | Aïgbado massacre | 65 | Central African military forces aided by Wagner Group attack the town of Aigbado, killing dozens. |
| January 21, 2022 | al-Azim, Diyala Governorate, Iraq | 2022 Diyala massacre | 11 | Islamic State militants raid a rural Iraqi Army base, killing 11 soldiers in their sleep. |
| February 2, 2022 | Djugu, DRC | Plaine Savo massacre | 60 | Suspected CODECO militants stab refugees at a camp. |
| February 8, 2022 | W National Park, Benin | W National Park massacre | 8 | Two patrol vehicles in the national park were damaged by landmines, allegedly placed by Islamists. This attack marks one of the few cases of Islamist violence in Benin. |
| February 24, 2022 | New Bataan, Philippines | New Bataan massacre | 5 | Philippines armed forces allegedly massacre activists of the Lumad ethnic group in a crackdown on communist forces. |
| March 6–18, 2022 | Vakaga and Bamingui-Bangoran, Central African Republic | Northeast Central African Republic massacres | 77-89+ | During clashes between Central African rebels and Russian mercenaries, numerous villagers and civilians were killed as government and Russian forces chased rebels through the northeast of the country. |
| March 8, 2022 | Kebbi State, Nigeria | March 2022 Kebbi massacres | 80+ | Bandits attack the volunteer vigilante group of Yan Sa Kai in the town of Kebbi, and simultaneously other bandits attack the town of Kanya. |
| March 9, 2022 | Mariupol, Ukraine | Mariupol hospital airstrike | 4 + 1 stillbirth | Russian forces bomb a maternity hospital in Mariupol.[673] |
| March 22, 2022 | Bagtui, Birbhum district, India | Birbhum Massacre | 12 | A group of man attacked the deputy leader of gram panchayat of the district of Barshal, causing the man to die of his injuries. Afterwards, a mob of pro-ruling party (who the deputy leader was a part of) attacked political opponents and alleged perpetrators. |
| March 27, 2022 | Las Tinajas, Michoacán, Mexico | Las Tinajas Massacre | 19 | Gunmen attack a cockfighting den and shoot 16 men and 3 women. |
| March 27–31, 2022 | Moura, Mali | Moura Massacre | 300+ | Wagner Group mercenaries and Malian Armed Forces, after lifting a siege by ISIS in the town of Moura, massacre civilian men. |
| March 2022 | Borodianka, Ukraine | Bombing of Borodianka | 80 | During the Kyiv offensive in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Russian forces heavily bombed the town of Borodianka, leading to the destruction of dozens of apartment buildings and the deaths of their inhabitants. |
| March–April 1, 2022 | Bucha, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine | Bucha massacre | 412 | Russian troops in control of Bucha during the war indiscriminately massacre civilians throughout the town. |
| April 8, 2022 | Kramatorsk, Ukraine | Kramatorsk railway station attack | 57 | A bomb allegedly shot by Russian forces hit the Kramatorsk railway station, where refugees were staying before being boarded to safer areas of Ukraine.[674] |
| April 10, 2022 | Plateau State, Nigeria | 2022 Plateau State massacres | 150+[675] | Fulani bandits attack villages of herdsmen, before burning the houses with people in them. The attacks are linked to the ongoing Nigerian bandit conflict. |
| May 15 and 22, 2022 | Anambra State, Nigeria | May 2022 Anambra State killings | 14 | Suspected Biafran separatists attack Anambra State House representatives and then civilians. |
| May 23, 2022 | Celaya, Mexico | Celaya massacre | 11 | Gunmen from the Santa Rosa de Lima Cartel, in an effort to ambush CJNG soldiers, attack a hotel with molotovs and heavy weapons. |
| May 24, 2022 | Uvalde, Texas | Robb Elementary School shooting | 22 | An 18-year old gunman shoots up an elementary school, barricading himself inside a double classroom and shooting the students, while local police did little to stop the shooting. |
| May 25, 2022 | Madjoari, Kompienga Province, Burkina Faso | May 2022 Madjoari massacre | 50+ | Jihadists blockaded the town of Madjoari, and then killed civilians attempting to flee. |
| June 12, 2022 | Seytenga Department, Burkina Faso | Seytenga massacre | 100+ | Jihadists attack the town of Seytenga, shooting predominantly men and pillaging shops. |
| June 18, 2022 | Gimbi, Ethiopia | Gimbi massacre | 230–351 | Soldiers of the Oromo Liberation Army attack Amhara civilians. |
| June 18–19, 2022 | Bankass Cercle, Mali | 2022 Bankass massacres | 132 | Armed Fulani men, allegedly part of an al-Qaeda linked group, massacre and pillage towns in rural Mali. |
| June 25, 2022 | Akwaya, Cameroon | Akwaya massacre | 26–32 | Alleged Ambazonian rebels attacked a funeral in the town of Mavass. |
| August 15, 2023 | Geneina, Sudan | El Geneina massacre | 1000+ | The Rapid Support Forces of Sudan made targeted attacks on Masali civilians of Geneina, and buried them in over 30 mass graves.[676] |
| October 7, 2023 | Be'eri, Israel | Be'eri massacre | 100+ | Hamas militants attacked Kibbutz Be'eri in the Gaza periphery. At least 100 people were killed in the attack.[677] |
| October 7, 2023 | Re'im, Israel | Re'im music festival massacre | 260+[678] | Hamas militants attacked a musical festival, killing over 260 civilians. The massacre took place shortly after the beginning of the Gazan invasion of Israel.[679] |
| October 7, 2023 | Kfar Aza, Israel | Kfar Aza massacre | 100+[680] | As part of a broad surprise attack on more than 20 towns and villages in southern Israel, approximately 70 Hamas militants infiltrated Kfar Aza, massacred residents, and left the village in ruins.[681] |
See also
- Category:Massacres
- Category:Lists of massacres by country
- Crimes against humanity
- Genocides in history
- List of battles and other violent events by death toll
- List of events named pogrom
- List of genocides by death toll
- List of mass car bombings
- List of massacres at sea
- List of massacres in the United States
- List of terrorist incidents
References
- Mikaberidze 2013
- Oxford English Dictionary Massacre, n.
- "Marlowe (c. 1600) (title) The massacre at Paris". Oxford English Dictionary Massacre, n.
- Oxford English Dictionary Massacre, v.
- Sima, Guang (1084). Zizhi Tongjian. Vol. 5. 「趙師大敗，卒四十萬人皆降。武安君曰：『秦已拔上黨，上黨民不樂為秦而歸趙。趙卒反覆，非盡殺之，恐為亂。』乃挾詐而盡坑殺之，遺其小者二百四十人歸趙。」
- Sima, Guang (1084). Zizhi Tongjian. Vol. 9. 「於是楚軍夜擊坑秦卒二十餘萬人新安城南。」
- Morgan, Williams (1880). Saint Paul in Britain Or, The Origin Of British As Opposed To Papal Christianity by Rev. R. W. Morgan. Retrieved April 16, 2013.
- John, Benjamin (February 2003). Pillar in the Wilderness by Benjamin John. Kessinger. ISBN 978-0-7661-3927-5. Retrieved April 16, 2013.
- Sima, Guang (1084). Zizhi Tongjian. Vol. 60. 「秋，操引兵擊謙，攻拔十餘城，至彭城，大戰，謙兵敗，走保郯。初，京、雒遭董卓之亂，民流移東出，多依徐土，遇操至，坑殺男女數十萬口於泗水，水為不流。」
- Thomas Flloyd, Bibliotheca Biographica (1760) s.v. "Abmrose".
- Norwich, John Julius (1989). Byzantium: The Early Centuries. New York: Knopf. p. 112. ISBN 0-394-53778-5. OCLC 18164817., "and 7,000 were dead by morning" (Page 139)
- Gibbon, Edward; Low, D. M. (1960). The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. New York: Harcourt Brace. pp. ch. 27 2:56. OCLC 402038.
- Kenneth Cragg, The Call of the Minaret (1956), p. 79. Muir, William (2003), The life of Mahomet, Kessinger Publishing, p. 317, ISBN 978-0-7661-7741-3
- Ibn Ishaq (2002), The Life of Muhammad (Sirat Rasul Allah), translated by A. Guillaume, Oxford University Press, pp. 461–464, ISBN 978-0-19-636033-1
- Peters, Muhammad and the Origins of Islam, p. 222-224.
- Stillman, The Jews of Arab Lands: A History and Source Book, pp. 137–141.
- Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, pp. 201–205. (online)
- Ibn Kathir, Saed Abdul-Rahman (2009), Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz'21, MSA Publication Limited, p. 213, ISBN 978-1-86179-611-0(online Archived March 5, 2015, at the Wayback Machine)
- Inamdar, Subhash C. (2001), Muhammad and the Rise of Islam: The Creation of Group Identity, Psychosocial Press, p. 166 (footnotes), ISBN 1-887841-28-8
- Al Tabari (1997), Volume 8, Victory of Islam, translated by Michael Fishbein, State University of New York Press, pp. 35–36, ISBN 978-0-7914-3150-4
- Stillman, The Jews of Arab Lands: A History and Source Book, pp. 14-16.
- Encyclopedia of Islam, section on "Muhammad"
- Watt, Encyclopaedia of Islam, Section on "Kurayza, Banu".
- Muhammad: Husayn Haykal, The Life of Muhammad, pp. 313–314.
- Sunan Abu Dawood, 14:2665
- Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:280
- William Cooke Taylor, History of France and Normandy (1830)
- Barbero, Alessandro (2004). Charlemagne: Father of a Continent, pages 46–47. University of California Press.
- Robert Furley, A History of the Weald of Kent (1871).
- Williams, Ann (2003). Æthelred the Unready: The Ill-Counselled King. London: Hambledon and London. p. 54. ISBN 978-1-85285-382-2. OCLC 51780838.
"It is usually assumed that this story relates to the St Brice's Day massacre ..." p. 55
- Hall, Simon (1998). The Hutchinson Illustrated Encyclopedia of British History. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. p. 297. ISBN 1-57958-107-2. "1002 St Brice's Day massacre; Danes in England were killed on order of King Ethelred." p. 340
- "Saint Brices Day massacre" Archived May 9, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved December 26. 2007.
- called "massacre of the Jews of Granada" by Archibald Sayce in Ancient empires of the East (1906), p. 417.
- Gubbay, Lucien (1999). Sunlight and Shadow: The Jewish Experience of Islam. New York: Other Press. p. 80. ISBN 1-892746-69-7. "It should be noted though that the Granada massacre of 1066 was the first instance of persecution of Jews in Muslim Spain, which had enjoyed an almost unblemished record of tolerance for the preceding 350 years." (Page 80)
- Roth, Norman (1994). Jews, Visigoths, and Muslims in Medieval Spain: Cooperation and Conflict. Netherlands: E. J. Brill. p. 110. ISBN 90-04-09971-9. "Assuming that he was at least ten years old, however, it is again surprising that no more personal recollection of the Granada massacre is found in his writing..." (Page 110)
- Gottheil, Richard; Kayserling, Meyer. "Granada". Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. G (1906 ed.). "More than 1,500 Jewish families, numbering 4,000 persons, fell in one day, Ṭebet 9 (December 30), 1066."
- Daud, Abraham Ibd (2007). Halsall, Paul (ed.). "On Samuel Ha-Nagid, Vizier of Granada, 993-d after 1056". Medieval Sourcebook. Fordham University. Retrieved July 9, 2011. He was proud to his own hurt, and the Berber princes were jealous of him, with the result that on the Sabbath, on the 9th of Tebet in the year 4827 (Saturday, December 30, 1066), he and the Community of Granada were murdered.
- According to David Nirenberg,Communities of Violence: Persecution of Minorities in the Middle Ages – Updated Edition, Princeton University Press (2017), p. 7, the events of 1096 in the Rhineland occupy a significant place in modern Jewish historiography and are often presented as the first instance of an antisemitism that would henceforth never be forgotten and whose climax was the Holocaust.
- Edward H. Flannery, The Anguish of the Jews: Twenty-Three Centuries of Antisemitism. Paulist Press, 1985: 93.
- Benjamin Kedar, "The Jerusalem Massacre of July 1099 in the Western Historiography of the Crusades", Crusades 3 (2004): 15–75.
-
Hofreiter, Christian (2018). "The Jerusalem Massacre 1099". Making Sense of Old Testament Genocide: Christian Interpretations of Herem Passages. Oxford Theology and Religion Monographs. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 170. ISBN 978-0-19-253900-7. Retrieved April 21, 2019.
When in July 1099 the crusaders finally reached the goal of their long, perilous, and arduous campaign, they acted in ways that resonated with elements of one of the Bible's best known herem narratives: just as [...] the Israelites had done at Jericho, so the crusaders killed a large proportion of the city's inhabitants, including women and children.
- Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire uses "Massacre of the Latins" in the general index (vol. 12) and "their massacre" in the margin notes while the text has (vol. 11, p. 11) "the Latins were slaughtered in their houses and in the streets".
- "Massacre of the French in Sicily" is used in the English translation of Johannes Sleidanus, De quattuor monarchiis (1556) published as De Quatuor Summis Imperiis: An Historical Account of the Four Chief Monarchies Or Empires of the World, Nathaniel Rolls, 1695 (p. 186). The name is also in modern use, often glossing the conventional name "Sicilian Vespers", e.g. in Henry Smith Williams, Italy (1908), p. 665. The term "Sicilian Vespers" was also used of a supposed massacre perpetrated by the Sicilian mafia in 1930/1 described by Joseph Valachi in 1963.
- Prehistoric event reconstructed from excavations in 1978, named "Crow Creek Massacre" in Early Man vols. 1–3 (1978), p. 285. Beck, Lane A. (1995). Regional Approaches to Mortuary Analysis. New York: Plenum Press. p. 231. ISBN 0-306-44931-5.
- Strutin, Michal (1999). A Guide to Contemporary Plains Indians. Tucson, Arizona: Southwest Parks and Monuments Association. p. 37. ISBN 1-877856-80-0.
- "The Crow Creek Massacre" Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine www.nebraskastudies.org
- "Crow Creek Massacre" Archived July 18, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, University of South Dakota
- Usually called "Stockholm bloodbath" (natively Stockholms blodbad), the event is also known as "Stockholm massacre" in English, so called in the English translation of Erik Gustaf Geijer's Svenska folkets historia (1832–36), published in 1845 as The History of the Swedes (p. 102).
- Lauritz Weibull. "Nordisk historia. Forskningar och undersökningar. Del III. Från Erik den helige till Karl XII", Stockholm 1949, p. 160–163
- González, Justo K., The Story of Christianity: Volume Two – The Reformation to the Present Day, HarperCollins Publishers, 1984, p. 92, ISBN 0-06-063316-6
- Gjerset, Knut, History of the Norwegian People, Volume 2 MacMillan Co., 1915, pp. 111–114, ISBN 978-0-404-02818-3
- Riis, Jacob A., Hero Tales of the Far North, Project Gutenberg, 2004
- Change and Development in the Middle East: essays in honour of W.B. Fisher, John Innes Clarke, Howard Bowen-Jones, 1981, p.290
- The Heritage of Armenian Literature, A. J. (Agop Jack) Hacikyan, Nourhan Ouzounian, Gabriel Basmajian, Edward S. Franchuk, 2000, p.777
- "Turkey" by Edward Shepherd Creasy, Page 195
- "Eric Solsten, ed. Cyprus: A Country Study. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1991". Countrystudies.us. Retrieved April 16, 2013.
- Notable for the historically first use of "massacre" in the name of an event, by Marlowe (c. 1600); the name used by Marlowe was "The massacre at Paris". The now-current name of "Massacre of St. Bartholomew's Day" dates to the first half of the 19th century (Francis Alexander Durivage, A Popular Cyclopedia of History, 1835), translating French massacre de la Saint-Barthélemy which term had been in use since the 17th century (Louis Maimbourg, Histoire De La Ligue, 1686). Appositional "St. Bartholomew's Day massacre" (rather than genitival "Massacre of St. Bartholomew's Day") first appears in American English in the first half of the 20th century (Oberlin Alumni Magazine 31.4, 1935, p. 102).
- "Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre", Columbia Encyclopedia
- Staff, Massacre of Saint Bartholomews Day (French history) Archived May 10, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
- Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre, Catholic Encyclopedia
- "the wanton massacre of Smerwick" 'The Monthly Repertory of English Literature, Parsons Galignani, 1824, p. 75. "Massacre at Smerwick" recorded 1899; appositional "Smerwick massacre" in T. J. Barrington, Discovering Kerry: Its History, Heritage & Topography (1976), p. 76.
- Massacre of Smerwick article, The Encyclopedia of Irealand, p. 998, Gill & Macmillan, 2003
- Clodfelter, Micheal (May 9, 2017). Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015. McFarland. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-7864-7470-7.
- Straver, Hans (2018). Fathers and daughters: Moluccan history in Dutch literature of the nineteenth century and its resonance in Indonesia (in Dutch). Hilversum: Uitgeverij Verloren. pp. 90–91. ISBN 978-90-8704-702-3. Retrieved June 17, 2020.
- Janell Broyles, A Timeline of the Jamestown Colony, p. 22, The Rosen Publishing Group, 2004
- Alfred Abioseh Jarrett, The Impact of Macro Social Systems on Ethnic Minorities in the United States, Page 29, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000
- Blussé, Leonard (2000). "The Cave of the Black Spirits". In Blundell, David (ed.). Austronesian Taiwan. California: University of California. ISBN 0-936127-09-0.
- Herbert Milton Sylvester, Indian Wars of New England vol. 1 (1910), p. 426.
- " the Chinese massacre of 1639" Political Participation in Modern Indonesia, Yale University Southeast Asia Studies, 1961, p. 50.
- Bowcott, Owen (March 7, 2010). "Witness statements from Irish rebellion and massacres of 1641 go online". The Guardian.
- "BBC - History - Wars and Conflicts - Plantation of Ulster - English and Scottish Planters - 1641 Rebellion". BBC.
- The Story Of Ireland By Emily Lawless, XXXVII p146
- Beresford Ellis, 'Eyewitness to Irish History', John Wiley & Sons, February 9, 2007, p108
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- "Lonely Planet".
- John Tincey, Marston Moor 1644: The Beginning Of The End: Osprey Publishing (March 11, 2003) ISBN 1-84176-334-9 p 33 "the 'massacre at Bolton' became a staple of Parliamentarian propaganda"
- Ebrey, Patrician Buckley (1993). Chinese Civilization: a sourcebook. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0-02-908752-X. Retrieved April 16, 2013 – via Books.google.com.
- Lee, Khoon Choy (2005). Pioneers of Modern China. World Scientific. ISBN 981-256-618-X. Retrieved April 16, 2013 – via Books.google.com.
- Parsons, James B. (May 1957). "The Culmination of a Chinese Peasant Rebellion: Chang Hsien-chung in Szechwan, 1644–46". The Journal of Asian Studies. Association for Asian Studies. 16 (3): 387–400. doi:10.2307/2941233. JSTOR 2941233. S2CID 162377335.
- Oxford English Dictionary Cites "a1715 BP. G. BURNET Hist. Own Time (1734) II. 156 The Massacre in Glencoe, made still a great noise." and "1957 'H. MACDIARMID' Battle Continues 1 Franco has made no more horrible shambles Than this poem of Campbell's, The foulest outrage his breed has to show Since the massacre of Glencoe!"
- Glencoe, engraved by W. Miller after J.M.W. Turner, Edinburgh University library
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- "The Penn's Creek Massacre of 1755". Archived from the original on December 10, 2013. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
- The event was almost immediately termed a "massacre" and used for propagandistic purposes, especially by Samuel Adams. A pamphlet with the title A short narrative of the horrid massacre in Boston, perpetrated in the evening of the fifth day of March 1770, by soldiers of the 29th regiment, which with the 14th regiment were then quartered there; with some observations on the state of things prior to that catastrophe was printed still in 1770. Appositional "Boston massacre" was in use by the early 1800s (Benjamin Austin, Constitutional Republicanism, in Opposition to Fallacious Federalism, 1803, p. 314). The term "Massacre Day" for the annual remembrance held during 1771–1783 dates to the late 19th century (Augusta De Grasse Stevens, Old Boston: An American Historical Romance, 1888, p. 126) The 1772 "Massacre Day of Oration" by Joseph Warren was originally titled An Oration Delivered March 5, 1772. At the Request of the Inhabitants of the Town of Boston; to Commemorate the Bloody Tragedy of the Fifth of March 1770.
- Zobel, The Boston Massacre, W.W.Norton and Co.(1970), 199–200.
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- Kenn Harper A Day in Arctic History: July 17, 1771 — Slaughter at Bloody Falls Archived May 16, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Nunatsiaq News, July 29, 2005
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- Bloody Falls Archived June 8, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, The Canadian Encyclopedia
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- Moore, Rogan H. (2009). The Bloodstained Field: A History of the Sugarloaf Massacre, September 11, 1780.
- The Zong case at understandingslavery.com
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- Paludan, Philip S. 1981. Victims: A True Story of the Civil War. Knoxville, Tennessee: The University of Tennessee Press. 144 p.
- Brigham D. Madsen (with foreword by Charles S. Peterson), The Shoshoni Frontier and the Bear River Massacre, University of Utah Press (1985-hardcover 1995-paperback), trade paperback, 286 pages, pp. 190–192, ISBN 0-87480-494-9
- Pages 183 to 194, The Shoshoni Frontier and the Bear River Massacre, by Brigham D. Madsen, foreword by Charles S. Peterson, University of Utah Press (1985-hardcover 1995-paperback), trade paperback, 286 pages, ISBN 0-87480-494-9
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on 4th May, however, inhabitants of Kirkuk were the victims of an atrocious massacre perpetrated by Assyrian levies, which has changed whole situation.
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{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - Kalyvas, Stathis N. "Wanton and Senseless?: The Logic of Massacres in Algeria" Archived September 12, 2008, at the Wayback Machine Rationality and Society 1999; 11: "The most important evidence comes from testimonies of survivors who were able to identify local Islamists among the attackers (see below). In fact, survivors who openly accuse the army for its failure to intervene also expressed no doubt about the identity of the killers, pointing to the Islamist guerrillas (e.g. Tuquoi 1997). Moreover, some of the troubling aspects of this story can be explained without reference to an army conspiracy. For example, in civil wars prisoners tend to be killed on the spot rather than taken prisoner (Laqueur 1998).11 Militiamen, the most likely to capture guerrillas, have openly stated that they took no prisoners (AI 1997b: 17). Journalists working in the field have found credible testimonies in support of the thesis that most massacres are organized by the rebels (Leclère 1997; Tuquoi 1997 among others). European foreign ministries believe that it is Islamist guerrillas who are responsible for the massacres (Observer 9 February 1998). Although, it is impossible to know the full truth at this point (see Charef 1998), the assumption that many massacres were committed by the Islamist guerrillas seems plausible and is widely adopted by area experts (Addi 1998: 44) and other authors (Smith 1998: 27). Likewise, the reluctance of the army to intervene and stop some of these massacres is also beyond doubt."
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in an attack the Palestinians have dubbed the "Al-Wehda massacre."
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All that remained was a three-storey-high internal staircase at the back. A sign has been erected with the names of the dead and "Al-Wehda massacre" written on it in Arabic.
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External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Massacres.
- Mikaberidze, Alexander (2013). "Chronology of massacres and war crimes". Atrocities, Massacres, and War Crimes: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 773–766. ISBN 978-1-59884-926-4.
- World History Database, Alphabetic Listing of Battles Index of World battles.
- Radford, Robert, Great Historical Battles. An extensive list of important battles and influential leaders, from −490 BC to present times.
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