Japanese destroyer Kagerō (1899)

Kagerō (陽炎, "Mirage") was one of six Murakumo-class destroyers, built for the Imperial Japanese Navy in the late 1890s. Kagerō took part in the Japanese response to the Boxer Rebellion (1900), saw action in several major engagements during the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), and served during World War I (1914–1918).

For other ships with the same name, see Japanese destroyer Kagerō.
Kagerō at Kure, Japan, in 1920.
History
Empire of Japan
NameKagerō
Namesake陽炎 ("Mirage")
Ordered1897
BuilderJohn I. Thornycroft & Company, Chiswick, England
Yard numberTorpedo Boat Destroyer No. 9
Laid down1 August 1898
Launched23 August 1899
Completed31 October 1899
Commissioned31 October 1899
Reclassified
Decommissioned8 October 1924
Stricken8 October 1924
FateHulked
General characteristics
TypeMurakumo-class destroyer
Displacement
  • 275 long tons (279 t) normal
  • 360.5 long tons (366.3 t) full load
Length
  • 208 ft (63 m) waterline,
  • 210 ft (64 m) overall[1]
Beam19 ft 6 in (5.94 m)
Draught6 ft 10 in (2.08 m)
Depth13 ft 6 in (4.11 m)
PropulsionReciprocating engine, 3 boilers, 5,800 ihp (4,300 kW), 2 shafts
Speed30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph)
Complement50
Armament
Service record
Operations:

Construction and commissioning

Authorized as Torpedo Boat Destroyer No. 9[2] under the 1897 naval program,[3] Kagerō was laid down on 1 August 1898 by John I. Thornycroft & Company at Chiswick, England.[3] Launched on 23 August 1899,[3] she was completed on 31 October 1899[3] and commissioned the same day.[3]

Service history

Kagerō completed her delivery voyage from England to Japan on 14 March 1899 with her arrival at Sasebo.[3] During 1900, she took part in the Japanese intervention in the Boxer Rebellion in China.[3]

When the Russo-Japanese War broke out in February 1904, Kagerō was part of the 5th Destroyer Division of the 2nd Fleet.[4] During the war, she took part in the Battle of Port Arthur in February 1904, the Battle of the Yellow Sea in August 1904, and the Battle of Tsushima in May 1905.[3][4] During the Battle of Tsushima, Kagerō took part in a torpedo attack against the Imperial Russian Navy squadron on the evening of 27 May 1905, then put into port along with the destroyer Sazanami at Ulsan, Korea, for reprovisioning and repairs.[5] The two destroyers got back underway on the morning of 28 May 1905 to head for a fleet rendezvous, and sighted smoke from the Russian destroyers Bedovyi and Groznyi in the Sea of Japan about 40 nautical miles (74 km; 46 mi) southwest of Ulleungdo (then often called "Matsushima") at 14:15.[5] At 16:00, they identified the smoke as coming from two Russian destroyers and gave chase at 23 knots (43 km/h; 26 mph), and as the Japanese closed the range, Groznyi received orders at 16:30 to proceed on her own and try to escape.[5] With the range down to 4,000 yards (3,700 m) at 16:45, the Japanese opened gunfire, and Groznyi returned fire and made off at high speed with Kagerō in hot pursuit.[5] Meanwhile, Bedovyi refrained from firing and promptly stopped and surrendered to Sazanami, whose boarding party found the wounded Russian fleet commander, Vice Admiral Zinovy Rozhestvensky, aboard and took him prisoner in addition to capturing the ship.[6] Kagerō also took part in the Japanese invasion of Sakhalin in July 1905.[3][4]

On 28 August 1912, the Imperial Japanese Navy revised its ship classification standards. It established three categories of destroyers, with those of 1,000 displacement tons or more defined as first-class destroyers, those of 600 to 999 displacement tons as second-class destroyers, and those of 599 or fewer displacement tons as third-class destroyers.[7] Under this classification scheme, Kagerō became a third-class destroyer.[8]

After Japan entered World War I in August 1914, Kagerō operated off Tsingtao, China, in support of the Siege of Tsingtao.[3][9] Later that year, she took part in the Japanese seizure of the German Empire′s colonial possessions in the Caroline, Mariana, and Marshall Islands.[10]

On 1 April 1922 Kagerō was reclassified as a "utility vessel" for use as a tug and transport. On 8 October 1924, she was decommissioned, stricken from the navy list, and hulked.[3]

Commanding officers

SOURCE:[11]

  • Lieutenant Commander Danjiro Iwamura 14 February 1899 – unknown (pre-commissioning)
  • Lieutenant Yoshimaru Sakurai 22 June 1900 – 25 September 1900
  • Lieutenant Commander Gonsaburo Horiuchi 25 September 1900 – 10 September 1901
  • Lieutenant Commander Kishiro Takebe 10 September 1901 – 30 April 1903
  • Lieutenant Atsuyuki Ide 30 April 1903 – unknown
  • Lieutenant Abira Yoshikawa 27 March 1905 – 12 December 1905
  • Lieutenant Koichi Masuda 17 December 1905 – 30 August 1906
  • Lieutenant Commander Kotaro Inoyama: 30 August 1906 – 27 April 1907
  • Lieutenant Yokojiji 27 April 1907 – 26 August 1907
  • Lieutenant Eijiro Tanabe 26 August 1907 – 28 May 1908
  • Lieutenant Naonobu Hirata 28 May 1908 – 20 November 1908
  • Lieutenant Kennosuke Matsumoto 20 November 1908 – 1 March 1910
  • Lieutenant Fujita Kotaro 1 March 1910 – 1 December 1910
  • Lieutenant Masanao Saruwatari 1 December 1910 – 22 May 1911
  • Lieutenant Shoichi Yamashita 22 May 1911 – 9 October 1911
  • Lieutenant Tomonobu Nakayama 9 October 1911 – 1 February 1912
  • Lieutenant Sueo Yonehara 1 February 1912 – 1 December 1912
  • Lieutenant Maruyama Hanzaburo 1 December 1912 – 1 December 1913
  • Lieutenant Commander Eijiro Tanabe 1 December 1913 – 7 August 1914
  • Lieutenant Shoichi Ishida 7 August 1914 – 1 May 1915[12]
  • Lieutenant Aritoshi Nakamura 1 May 1915[12] – 1 June 1916
  • Lieutenant Chuzo Kawahara 1 June 1916 – 1 December 1916
  • Lieutenant Yoshihiro Imaizumi 1 December 1916 – 23 August 1917
  • Lieutenant Shinjuro Takahashi 23 August 1917 – 6 February 1919[13]
  • Lieutenant Hayami Nishimura 6 February 1919[13] – 18 October 1919[14]
  • Lieutenant Kiyoshi Suzuki 18 October 1919 – 27 December 1919[15]
  • Lieutenant Commander Shozo Wada 2 December 1919 – 1 June 1920
  • Lieutenant Commander Aragasu 1 June 1920 – 1 December 1920
  • Lieutenant Shichiro Ikeda 1 December 1920[16] – 20 November 1921[17]
  • Lieutenant Yoshimasa Horie 20 November 1921[17] – 1 December 1921[18]
  • Lieutenant Miyazaki Taira 1 December 1921[18] – unknown

References

Citations
  1. Lyon, The Thornycroft List
  2. 『官報』第4550号、明治31年8月29日 ("'Official Gazette' No. 4550, August 29, 1898") (in Japanese).
  3. 日本海軍史』第7巻 ("History of the Japanese Navy, Vol. 7") (in Japanese), p. 286.
  4. 『聯合艦隊軍艦銘銘伝』普及版、403-404頁 ("United Fleet Gunkan Meiden popular version pages 403–404") (in Japanese).
  5. Corbett, Vol. II, p. 328.
  6. Corbett, Vol. II, pp. 328–329.
  7. 「大正1年 達 完：8月」 アジア歴史資料センター Ref.C12070064400 画像33『達第十一號　艦艇類別等級別表ノ通改正セラル　大正元年八月二十八日 海軍大臣 男爵斎藤實　（別表）｜驅逐艦|一等|千暾以上|二等|千暾未満六百暾以上|三等|六百暾未満｜』 ("1912: August Asia Historical Records Center Ref.C12070064400 Image 33 ′Tatsu No. 11 Ship Classification Classification Table Revised Serral August 28, 1912 Minister of Navy Baron Minoru Saito (Appendix ): Destroyer, First class, 1,000 tons or more; Second class; Less than 1,000 tons, 600 tons or more; Third class′") (in Japanese)
  8. ("1912 August Image 34 ′Tatsu 12th Revision of Ship Classification Classification Table No. August 28, 1912, Minister of Navy Baron Minoru Saito (separate table): Destroyer, Third class: Shinonome, Murakumo, Yugiri, Shiranui, Kagero, Usugumo, …′") (in Japanese)
  9. Halpern.
  10. Gilbert, p. 329.
  11. 日本海軍史』第9巻・第10巻の「将官履歴」及び『官報』に基づく ("Based on History of General Officers and Official Gazette in Volumes 9 and 10 of History of the Japanese Navy) (in Japanese)
  12. 「海軍辞令公報 大正4年5月」 アジア歴史資料センター Ref.C13072071200 ("Navy Letter Bulletin May 1914 Asia Historical Records Center Ref.C13072071200") (in Japanese)
  13. 『官報』第1953号、大正8年2月7日 ("Official Gazette No. 1953, 7 February 1919") (in Japanese).
  14. 『官報』第2163号、大正8年10月20日 ("Official Gazette No. 2163, 20 October 1919.) (in Japanese).
  15. 『官報』第2200号、大正8年12月3日 ("Official Gazette No. 2200, 3 Decemmber 1919.) (in Japanese).
  16. 『官報』第2501号、大正9年12月2日 ("Official Gazette No. 2501, 2 December 1920")
  17. 『官報』第2793号、大正10年11月22日 ("Official Gazette No. 2793, 22 November 1925") (in Japanese)
  18. 『官報』第2801号、大正10年12月2日 ("Official Gazette No. 2801, 2 December 1924") {in Japanese)

Bibliography
  • Cocker, Maurice (1983). Destroyers of the Royal Navy, 1893-1981. Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-1075-7.
  • Corbett, Julian S. (1994). Maritime Operations in the Russo-Japanese War 1904–1905, Volume II. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-129-7.
  • Evans, David (1979). Kaigun: Strategy, Tactics, and Technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887-1941. US Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-192-7.
  • Gilbert, Martin (1995). First World War. HarperCollins. ISBN 9780006376668. OCLC 1244719073.
  • Halpern, Paul G (1994). A Naval History of World War I. Routledge. ISBN 1-85728-498-4.
  • Howarth, Stephen (1983). The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun: The Drama of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1895-1945. Atheneum. ISBN 0-689-11402-8.
  • Jane, Fred T. (1904). The Imperial Japanese Navy. Thacker, Spink & Co. ASIN: B00085LCZ4.
  • Jentsura, Hansgeorg (1976). Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945. US Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-893-X.
  • Lyon, David (1981). The Thornycroft List. Greenwich: National Maritime Museum.
  • Nelson, Andrew N. (1967). Japanese–English Character Dictionary. Tuttle. ISBN 0-8048-0408-7.
  • Stille, Mark (2016). The Imperial Japanese Navy of the Russo-Japanese War. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-1119-6.
  • Watts, Anthony John (1971). The Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945. London: Macdonald & Co. (Publishers) Ltd. ISBN 0-356-03045-8.
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