Aluminium cyanide

Aluminium cyanide is a metallic cyanide with a chemical formula of Al(CN)3.[1] It is a white solid that undergoes hydrolysis to produce aluminium hydroxide and hydrogen cyanide.[2]

Aluminium cyanide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
  • InChI=1S/3CN.Al/c3*1-2;/q3*-1;+3
    Key: BIABJQLRIVAXSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[Al+3]
Properties
C3AlN3
Molar mass 105.036 g·mol−1
Appearance white solid
Reacts
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Synthesis and properties

Aluminium cyanide was first produced in 1924 as its ammoniate, Al(CN)3·5NH3, by reacting aluminium metal and mercury(II) cyanide in liquid ammonia to prevent hydrolysis.[1]

2 Al + 3 Hg(CN)2 → 2 Al(CN)3 + 3 Hg

When the ammoniate contacts water, it produces aluminium hydroxide, ammonia, and ammonium cyanide.[1]

The pure compound was produced in 2001 by the reaction of lithium tetrachloroaluminate and trimethylsilyl cyanide in diethyl ether and its crystals form an octahedral Prussian-blue-type structure.[3]

References
  1. Bergstrom, F. W. (July 1924). "The Reaction Between Mercuric Cyanide and Certain Metals in Liquid Ammonia". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 46 (7): 1559–1568. doi:10.1021/ja01672a002.
  2. Axel Schulz; Jonas Surkau (2022). "Main group cyanides: from hydrogen cyanide to cyanido-complexes". Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry. 43 (1): 49–188. doi:10.1515/revic-2021-0044.
  3. Darrick Williams; Brett Pleune; Kurt Leinenweber; J. Kouvetakis (2001). "Synthesis and Structural Properties of the Binary Framework C–N Compounds of Be, Mg, Al, and Tl". Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 159 (1): 244–250. doi:10.1006/jssc.2001.9192.
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