1900–1901 Cisleithanian legislative election
Legislative elections to elect the members of the 10th Imperial Council were held in Cisleithania, the northern and western ("Austrian") crown lands of Austria-Hungary, from December 12, 1900 to January 18, 1901.[1]
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All 425 seats in the Imperial Council 213 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Compromise of 1867 |
Electoral system
The elections were held according to the parameters set in 1896 Badeni electoral reform which classified voters according to their status and wealth into five curiae:
- Landowners (85 seats)
- Trade and industry chambers (21 seats)
- Large and medium farmers (129 seats)
- Male city residents who were annually paying at least 5 guilders worth of taxes (118 seats)
- All men older than 24 (72 seats)
The votes for the Farming and Men over 24 curiae were also classified into 2 different categories, direct votes and electoral votes. Electoral votes carried a lot more weight than direct votes, and so the parties that won these seats generally did not get seats based on their total vote counts.
Only 6% of the adult population of Cisleithania had a right to vote. Voting took place in stages, with the last elections being held in 1st curiae in Lower Austria.[2]
Results
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Croatian Nation | |||||
| Croatian National Party | 3,695 | 0.34 | 6 | +4 | |
| Party of Rights | 528 | 0.05 | 3 | New | |
| Croatian Clerical Party | 378 | 0.04 | 0 | New | |
| Croatian Radical Party | 14 | 0.00 | 0 | –3 | |
| Czech Nation | |||||
| Young Czech Party | 60,919 | 5.66 | 50 | –3 | |
| Czech National Social Party | 5,404 | 0.50 | 5 | New | |
| Czech National Party | 4,675 | 0.43 | 2 | +2 | |
| Czech Radical Party | 2,271 | 0.21 | 0 | New | |
| Czech Compromise Candidates | 1,890 | 0.18 | 1 | –3 | |
| Czech Clerical Party | 1,541 | 0.14 | 2 | New | |
| Common-Czechs Party | 1,411 | 0.13 | 0 | New | |
| Bohemian Agrarian Party | 1,004 | 0.09 | 2 | New | |
| Czech Radical Constitutionalist Party | 666 | 0.06 | 0 | New | |
| Czech Radical Progressive Party | 601 | 0.06 | 0 | New | |
| Czech Independents | 428 | 0.04 | 0 | New | |
| Czech Trading Party | 400 | 0.04 | 0 | New | |
| Christian Reform Party | 177 | 0.02 | 0 | New | |
| Old Czech Party | 42 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | |
| German Nation | |||||
| Christian Social and Anti-Semitic Party | 295,354 | 27.45 | 25 | –14 | |
| Social Democratic Party | 251,652 | 23.39 | 11 | –3 | |
| German-National Party | 78,941 | 7.34 | 22 | +10 | |
| German Liberal and Constitutional Party | 75,190 | 6.99 | 35 | –15 | |
| German People's Party | 70,540 | 6.56 | 51 | +20 | |
| German Clerical and Conservative Party | 8,039 | 0.75 | 28 | +14 | |
| Social Politicians | 5,042 | 0.47 | 1 | 0 | |
| Agrarian Party | 3,096 | 0.29 | 3 | +2 | |
| Catholic People’s Party | 2,292 | 0.21 | 0 | –5 | |
| German Farmers' Party | 1,275 | 0.12 | 1 | +1 | |
| Clerical Independents | 622 | 0.06 | 0 | New | |
| Catholic Conservative Party | 599 | 0.06 | 0 | –14 | |
| Italian Nation | |||||
| Italian Liberal Party | 21,107 | 1.96 | 12 | –2 | |
| Italian Conservative Party | 2,214 | 0.21 | 3 | +2 | |
| Italian Autonomist Party | 1,095 | 0.10 | 0 | 0 | |
| Italian Radical Party | 1,056 | 0.10 | 2 | New | |
| Italian Clerical Party | 450 | 0.04 | 0 | –4 | |
| Italian Democratic Party | 25 | 0.00 | 0 | New | |
| Landowner Candidates | |||||
| Constitutionalist Landowners | 2,257 | 0.21 | 29 | +6 | |
| Conservative Landowners | 896 | 0.08 | 4 | –5 | |
| Bohemian Centre Party–Moravian Centre Party | 512 | 0.05 | 4 | +1 | |
| Bohemian Conservative Landowners | 335 | 0.03 | 19 | 0 | |
| Polish-Armenian Landowners | 81 | 0.01 | 1 | New | |
| Polish Nation | |||||
| Polish Conservative Party | 25,381 | 2.36 | 49 | +3 | |
| Polish Democratic Party | 9,340 | 0.87 | 6 | 0 | |
| Polish Anti-Semitic Party | 6,720 | 0.62 | 6 | New | |
| Polish Liberal Party | 5,621 | 0.52 | 3 | –2 | |
| Polish National Party | 3,282 | 0.31 | 1 | New | |
| Polish People's Party | 2,744 | 0.26 | 4 | +1 | |
| Polish Radical Party | 854 | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | |
| Polish Farmers' Party | 656 | 0.06 | 0 | New | |
| Polish Clerical Party | 11 | 0.00 | 0 | –1 | |
| Romanian Nation | |||||
| Old Romanian Party | 724 | 0.07 | 5 | 0 | |
| Conservative Romanian Party | 347 | 0.03 | 0 | New | |
| Young Romanian Party | 274 | 0.03 | 0 | New | |
| Moderate Romanian Party | 198 | 0.02 | 0 | New | |
| Romanian People's Party | 25 | 0.00 | 0 | New | |
| Radical Romanian Party | 14 | 0.00 | 0 | New | |
| Ruthenian Nation | |||||
| Ruthenian Radical Party | 4,407 | 0.41 | 2 | +1 | |
| Old Ruthenian Party | 1,361 | 0.13 | 3 | +2 | |
| Ruthenian Moderate Party | 1,350 | 0.13 | 3 | 0 | |
| National Ruthenian Party | 505 | 0.05 | 0 | 0 | |
| Young Ruthenian Party | 462 | 0.04 | 1 | –5 | |
| Ruthenian People’s Party | 277 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | |
| Moderate Young Ruthenian Independents | 220 | 0.02 | 0 | New | |
| Conservative Ruthenian Party | 129 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |
| Serbian Nation | |||||
| Serb People's Party | 186 | 0.02 | 2 | 0 | |
| Slovenian Nation | |||||
| Slovenian Clerical Party | 56,895 | 5.29 | 11 | +3 | |
| Slovenian Liberal Party | 20,492 | 1.90 | 5 | +2 | |
| Slovenian National Party | 10,989 | 1.02 | 0 | –2 | |
| Slovenian Progressive Agrarian Party | 1,649 | 0.15 | 0 | New | |
| Slovenian Conservative Party | 557 | 0.05 | 0 | –2 | |
| Slovenian Christian Social Party | 171 | 0.02 | 0 | New | |
| Slovenian Pro-German Party | 47 | 0.00 | 0 | New | |
| Other | |||||
| Independents | 3,478 | 0.32 | 1 | 0 | |
| Unknown/split votes | 7,904 | 0.73 | – | – | |
| Total | 1,075,984 | 100.00 | 425 | 0 | |
| Source: ANNO 1907 & ANNO 1901 | |||||
By parliamentary grouping
The largest groups after the election were the Polish Club, the Young Czech Party and the German People's Party, which together had 164 seats.[3]
The elections did not significantly alter relations in the Imperial Council and maintained the highly fragmented political spectrum. The Young Czech Party saw some weakening due to the formation of independent political parties such as Czech Agrarian Party and the Czech National Social Party. Czech National Socials represented a new trend in voter preferences, strengthening the nationalist forces. Significantly, they succeed Pan-German Association. These elections led to the weakening of the social democratic parties, with the Social Democrats gaining only 10 seats.[4]
Compared with previous elections, turnout fell. In the 5th curia, under 30% of eligible voters voted. Historian Otto Urban interprets this as a result of the declining influence of the Council in Austrian political life. At the same time it was a more general change of attitude towards the elected legislative bodies.[5]
The elections had no impact on the Government because the Cabinet of Ernest von Koerber had a mandate from its election in 1900 until 1904.
In early February 1901, the Imperial Council had 20 political groups:[6][7]
| Party | Seats | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poland Club | 65 | +6 | |
| Bohemian Club | 44 | –16 | |
| Association of German People's Parties | 42 | +1 | |
| Union of Constitutionalist Landowners | 30 | 0 | |
| Centre Club | 29 | +23 | |
| German Progressive Union | 27 | –16 | |
| Christian Social Union | 25 | –1 | |
| Slavic Association | 25 | New | |
| Group of Bohemian Conservative Landowners | 19 | 0 | |
| Italian Union | 18 | New | |
| Association of Social Democrats | 11 | –4 | |
| German Agrarian Parties | 9 | New | |
| Free Association of Pan-Germans | 8 | New | |
| Ruthenian Club | 8 | New | |
| Union of Unaligned Bohemians | 8 | New | |
| Club of Bohemian Agrarians | 6 | New | |
| Yugoslavian Progressive Club | 6 | New | |
| Polish People's Parties | 5 | +2 | |
| Romanian Club | 5 | 0 | |
| Moravian Center Parties | 3 | New | |
| Independents | 32 | +15 | |
| Total | 425 | 0 | |
| Source: ANNO | |||
References
- Československé dějiny v datech. Prag : Svoboda, 1987. ISBN 80-7239-178-X. p. 327–328. (in Czech)
- Urban, Otto: Česká společnost 1848–1918. Prag : Svoboda, 1982. p. 510–511. (in Czech)
- Československé dějiny v datech. Prag : Svoboda, 1987. ISBN 80-7239-178-X. p. 328. (in Czech)
- Urban, Otto: Česká společnost 1848-1918. Praha : Svoboda, 1982. p. 510-511. (in Czech)
- Urban, Otto: Česká společnost 1848-1918. Praha : Svoboda, 1982. p. 511. (in Czech)
- Marjan Diklić: Dvije pobjede don Ive Prodana na izborima za Carevinsko vijeće u Beču, Rad. Zavoda povij. znan. HAZU Zadru, sv. 45/2003., p. 388 (in Croatian)
- Československé dějiny v datech. Prag : Svoboda, 1987. ISBN 80-7239-178-X. p. 327–328. (in Czech)
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