West New York, New Jersey

West New York is a town in the northern part of Hudson County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, situated upon the New Jersey Palisades. As of the 2020 United States census, the town's population was 52,912,[11][12] an increase of 3,204 (+6.4%) from the 2010 census count of 49,708,[21][22] which in turn reflected an increase of 3,940 (+8.6%) from the 45,768 counted in the 2000 census.[23] The Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program calculated that the city's population was 51,981 in 2022,[11] ranking the city the 770th-most-populous in the country.[13] With more than 52,800 inhabitants per square mile (20,400/km2) of land according to the 2010 census, West New York was the second-most densely populated municipality in the United States, among places with a population above 50,000, behind neighboring Union City.[24]

This article is about the New Jersey town. For the geographic region of the State of New York, see Western New York.

West New York, New Jersey
Town
60th Street in West New York
60th Street in West New York
Official seal of West New York, New Jersey
Seal
Location of West New York in Hudson County highlighted in red (left). Inset map: Location of Hudson County in New Jersey highlighted in orange (right).
Location of West New York in Hudson County highlighted in red (left). Inset map: Location of Hudson County in New Jersey highlighted in orange (right).
Census Bureau map of West New York, New Jersey
Census Bureau map of West New York, New Jersey
West New York is located in Hudson County, New Jersey
West New York
West New York
Location in Hudson County
West New York is located in New Jersey
West New York
West New York
Location in New Jersey
West New York is located in the United States
West New York
West New York
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 40.786032°N 74.009507°W / 40.786032; -74.009507[1][2]
Country United States
State New Jersey
County Hudson
IncorporatedJuly 8, 1898
Government
[3]
 • TypeWalsh Act
 • BodyBoard of Commissioners
 • MayorAlbio Sires (term ends May 15, 2027)[4][5][6]
 • AdministratorLuis Baez[7]
 • Municipal clerkAdelinny Plaza[8]
Area
[9]
 • Total1.32 sq mi (3.42 km2)
 • Land0.99 sq mi (2.58 km2)
 • Water0.33 sq mi (0.85 km2)  25.11%
 • Rank466th of 565 in state
8th of 12 in county[1]
Elevation
[10]
151 ft (46 m)
Population
 (2020)[11][12]
 • Total52,912
 • Estimate 
(2022)[11][13][14]
51,981
 • Rank770th in country (as of 2022)[13]
37th of 565 in state
6th of 12 in county[15]
 • Density53,231.4/sq mi (20,552.8/km2)
  • Rank3rd of 565 in state
3rd of 12 in county[15]
Time zoneUTC−05:00 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−04:00 (Eastern (EDT))
ZIP Code
07093[16]
Area code(s)201[17]
FIPS code3401779610[1][18][19]
GNIS feature ID0885438[1][20]
Websitewww.westnewyorknj.org

History

West New York was incorporated as a town by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on July 8, 1898, replacing Union Township, based on the results of a referendum held three days earlier.[25][26] West New York underwent a massive growth at the beginning of the 20th century, driven by development of textile industries that made North Hudson the "Embroidery Capital of the United States".[27]

The town was populated mainly with Italian Americans and German Americans.[28][29] The 1960s saw an influx of Cuban émigrés to the area,[30] once called Havana on the Hudson; it has since become one of the United States cities with a majority Hispanic population. Simultaneously, high-rise apartments, some of which place among the tallest buildings in North Hudson, were built along Boulevard East,[31][32] adding to the population of the town and giving it one of the highest population densities in the country. Since the 1980s, the Hudson Waterfront, which the Weehawken Terminal had been a part of, has been redeveloped from an industrial to a residential and recreational area, for instance, with the creation of the Hudson River Waterfront Walkway.

Geography
Looking east to Hudson River and Manhattan skyline

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town had a total area of 1.33 square miles (3.44 km2), including 0.99 square miles (2.58 km2) of land and 0.33 square miles (0.86 km2) of water (25.11%).[1][2]

The ZIP Code for West New York is 07093.[16] West New York is part of the New York metropolitan area and is at the heart of the North Hudson, New Jersey, region. West New York is bordered on the north by Guttenberg, on the east by the Hudson River, on the south by Union City and Weehawken, and on the west by North Bergen.

West New York is one of North Hudson's communities atop The Palisades above the Hudson River, and home to the highest point in the county.[33] Its Hudson Waterfront has been known as Bulls Ferry since before the American Revolutionary War. Bergenline Avenue is its main commercial thoroughfare, while the wide two-way 60th Street is a major cross-town thoroughfare, and site of Town Hall. More than half of U.S. Presidents have streets bearing their name in the town.[34]

The town borders the municipalities of Guttenberg, North Bergen, Union City and Weehawken in Hudson County; and the New York City borough of Manhattan across the Hudson River.[35][36][37]

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
19005,267—
191013,560157.5%
192029,916120.6%
193037,10724.0%
194039,4396.3%
195037,683−4.5%
196035,547−5.7%
197040,62714.3%
198039,194−3.5%
199038,125−2.7%
200045,76820.0%
201049,7088.6%
202052,9126.4%
2022 (est.)51,981[11][13][14]−1.8%
Population sources: 1800–1920[38]
1900–1910[39] 1910–1930[40]
1940–2000[41] 2000[42][43]
2010[21][22] 2020[11][12]

One of 41 municipalities statewide where a majority of residents do not speak English as their primary language, Spanish is spoken at home by more than half of the residents of West New York, according to data from the United States Census Bureau's 2012-2016 American Community Survey data. The town had 83.6% of residents not speaking English as their dominant language, the second highest in the state.[44]

2010 census

The 2010 United States census counted 49,708 people, 18,852 households, and 11,783 families in the town. The population density was 49,341.7 per square mile (19,050.9/km2). There were 20,018 housing units at an average density of 19,870.5 per square mile (7,672.0/km2). The racial makeup was 62.04% (30,839) White, 4.60% (2,289) Black or African American, 1.50% (744) Native American, 6.01% (2,986) Asian, 0.05% (24) Pacific Islander, 20.19% (10,038) from other races, and 5.61% (2,788) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 78.08% (38,812) of the population.[21]

Of the 18,852 households, 28.6% had children under the age of 18; 37.6% were married couples living together; 16.8% had a female householder with no husband present and 37.5% were non-families. Of all households, 29.5% were made up of individuals and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.23.[21]

21.0% of the population were under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 35.4% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34.8 years. For every 100 females, the population had 98.4 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 96.8 males.[21]

As of the 2010 United States census, West New York had the third-highest percentage of Hispanics in the state, at 78.1%, accounting for 2.5% of the state's Hispanic population. Though Native Americans comprise less than 1% of the city's population, they doubled in the 2000s, and combined with Union City's Native Americans comprise 38% of the county's Native American population.[45]

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $44,657 (with a margin of error of ± $2,850) and the median family income was $42,534 (± $3,689). Males had a median income of $36,768 (± $2,414) versus $30,688 (± $1,952) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $24,419 (± $1,215). About 15.8% of families and 18.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.6% of those under age 18 and 25.6% of those age 65 or over.[46]

2000 census

As of the 2000 United States census, there were 45,768 people, 16,719 households, and 11,034 families residing in the town. The population density was 44,995.1/mi2 (17,324.6/km2). There were 17,360 housing units at an average density of 17,066.8/mi2 (6,571.3 km2). The racial makeup of the town was 60.09% White, 3.55% African American, 0.67% Native American, 2.93% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 25.16% from other races, and 7.57% from two or more races. 78.74% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.[42][43]

There were 16,719 households, out of which 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.9% were married couples living together, 16.9% had a woman whose husband did not live with her, and 34.0% were non-families. 27.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.30.[42][43]

In the town, the age distribution of the population showed 22.3% under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 34.1% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 12.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.5 males.[42][43]

The median income for a household in the town was $31,980, and the median income for a family was $34,083. Males had a median income of $26,703 versus $22,326 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,719. 18.9% of the population and 16.1% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 25.4% were under the age of 18 and 22.3% were 65 or older.[42][43]

As of the 2000 Census, West New York was ranked as #52 on a list of cities with the highest percentage of renters.[47] 80.1% of West New York residents lived in renter-occupied housing units, vs. 33.8% nationwide.[42][43]

Economy

Bergenline Avenue is the main shopping district of North Hudson. West New York's Urban Enterprise Zone, one of seven established by legislation in 1996, covers portions of Bergenline Avenue from 49th to 67th Streets.

Portions of town are part of an Urban Enterprise Zone, including portions of Bergenline Avenue from 49th to 67th Streets. West New York was selected in 1996 as one of a group of seven zones added to participate in the program.[48] In addition to other benefits to encourage employment and investment within the UEZ, shoppers can take advantage of a reduced 3.3125% sales tax rate (half of the 6+5⁄8% rate charged statewide) at eligible merchants.[49] Established in May 1996, the town's Urban Enterprise Zone status expires in May 2027.[50]

Until the 1880s, the primary commercial area of West New York was Palisade Avenue. An influential citizen named Henry Kohlmeier who lived there objected to the noise created by horse-drawn public coaches, which led to the route being transferred one block west to what is now Bergenline Avenue (formerly Lewis Street), which runs parallel to Palisade Avenue, and which remains the city's main commercial thoroughfare. Currently the longest commercial avenue in the state, boasting over 300 retail stores and restaurants, Bergenline runs through not only the entire length of West New York from north to south, but also through Union City, Guttenberg and North Bergen, making it the main commercial strip for North Hudson. Also known as the "Miracle Mile", Bergenline's largest concentration of retail and chain stores begins at the intersection of 32nd Street in Union City, and continues north until 92nd Street in North Bergen.[51] Bergenline Avenue is also used as the route for local parades, such as the annual Memorial Day Parade[52] Cuban Day Parade[53] and Dominican-American Parade.[54]

Points of interest
Excelsior Engine Co. No. 2 Firehouse / Exempt Firemen Association Headquarters

Sports

In 1898, the Brooklyn Bridegrooms played two games at the West New York Field Club Grounds.[56] The New York Giants played one game at the field in 1898 and four in 1899.[57]

In 2011, Formula One announced plans to host a street race on a 3.2-mile (5.1 km) in West New York and Weehawken called Grand Prix of America, which would begin in June 2013.[58]

Government

Local government
West New York City Hall
Mayor Gabriel Rodriguez

Since 1931, West New York has been governed under the Walsh Act form of New Jersey municipal government. The town is one of 30 municipalities (of the 564) statewide that use the commission form of government.[59] The governing body is comprised of a five-member commission, whose members are elected at-large in non-partisan elections to serve four-year terms of office on a concurrent basis as part of the May municipal election. Each Commissioner is assigned to head one of five departments. The Commission selects one of its members to serve as mayor.[3][60]

As of May 2023, the five members of the West New York Board of Commissioners are Mayor Albio Sires, Marcos Arroyo, Victor Barrera, Marielka Diaz and Adam Parkinson, all serving concurrent terms of office ending May 15, 2027.[5][61][62][63][64]

In the May 2011 municipal election, the "Together We Can" slate of five candidates led by Roque took all five seats on the Town Council, knocking off the slate of incumbents led by then-mayor Silverio Vega.[65] At the town council's reorganization meeting, the five commissioners unanimously voted to appoint Roque to a four-year term as Mayor of West New York.[66]

In February 2015, Cosmo Cirillo was selected to fill the vacant seat of Rubin Vargas, making Cirillo the youngest commissioner on town history at the age of 27.[67]

Federal, state and county representation

West New York is located in the 8th Congressional District[68] and is part of New Jersey's 33rd state legislative district.[69]

For the 118th United States Congress, New Jersey's Eighth Congressional District is represented by Rob Menendez (D, Jersey City).[70][71] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker (Newark, term ends 2027)[72] and Bob Menendez (Englewood Cliffs, term ends 2025).[73][74]

For the 2022–2023 session, the 33rd Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Brian P. Stack (D, Union City) and in the General Assembly by Annette Chaparro (D, Hoboken) and Raj Mukherji (D, Jersey City).[75]

Hudson County is governed by a directly elected County Executive and by a Board of County Commissioners, which serves as the county's legislative body. As of 2023, Hudson County's County Executive is Thomas A. DeGise (D, Jersey City), whose term of office expires December 31, 2023.[76] Hudson County's Commissioners (all serving concurrent terms that end on December 31, 2023) are[77][78][79] District 1:[80] Kenneth Kopacz (Bayonne and parts of Jersey City),[81] District 2:[82] William O'Dea (western parts of Jersey City),[83] District 3:[84] Jerry Walker. (southeastern parts of Jersey City),[85] District 4:[86] Yraida Aponte-Lipski (northeastern parts of Jersey City),[87] District 5:[88] Vice Chair Anthony L. Romano Jr. (Hoboken and adjoining parts of Jersey City),[89] District 6:[90] Fanny J.Cedeno (Union City),[91] District 7:[92] Caridad Rodriguez (West New York, Weehawken, Guttenberg),[93] District 8:[94] Chair Anthony P. Vainieri Jr. (North Bergen, West New York, Secaucus)[95] and District 9:[96] Albert Cifelli (East Newark, Harrison, Kearny, and Secaucus).[97]

Hudson County's constitutional officers are: Clerk E. Junior Maldonado (D, Jersey City, 2027),[98][99] Sheriff Frank Schillari, (D, Jersey City, 2025)[100] Surrogate Tilo E. Rivas, (D, Jersey City, 2024)[101][102] and Register Jeffery Dublin (D, Jersey City, 2024).[103][102]

Politics

As of March 2011, there were a total of 19,438 registered voters in West New York, of which 10,510 (54.1%) were registered as Democrats, 2,460 (12.7%) were registered as Republicans and 6,456 (33.2%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 12 voters registered to other parties.[104]

In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 77.5% of the vote (9,682 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 21.8% (2,725 votes), and other candidates with 0.7% (85 votes), among the 12,605 ballots cast by the town's 21,268 registered voters (113 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 59.3%.[105][106] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 69.6% of the vote (9,071 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain with 29.0% (3,773 votes) and other candidates with 0.6% (78 votes), among the 13,026 ballots cast by the town's 21,023 registered voters, for a turnout of 62.0%.[107] In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 60.8% of the vote (7,229 ballots cast), outpolling Republican George W. Bush with 36.4% (4,329 votes) and other candidates with 0.3% (54 votes), among the 11,883 ballots cast by the town's 18,058 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 65.8.[108]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Democrat Barbara Buono received 55.9% of the vote (3,188 cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 42.4% (2,416 votes), and other candidates with 1.6% (94 votes), among the 5,978 ballots cast by the town's 22,092 registered voters (280 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 27.1%.[109][110] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Democrat Jon Corzine received 71.2% of the vote (5,328 ballots cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 25.5% (1,907 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 1.3% (97 votes) and other candidates with 0.9% (67 votes), among the 7,481 ballots cast by the town's 19,045 registered voters, yielding a 39.3% turnout.[111]

Education
Harry L Bain School

West New York is served by the West New York School District for pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade.[112] The district is one of 31 former Abbott districts statewide that were established pursuant to the decision by the New Jersey Supreme Court in Abbott v. Burke[113] which are now referred to as "SDA Districts" based on the requirement for the state to cover all costs for school building and renovation projects in these districts under the supervision of the New Jersey Schools Development Authority.[114][115]

As of the 2019–20 school year, the district, comprised of nine schools, had an enrollment of 8,545 students and 593.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 14.3:1.[116] Schools in the district (with 2019–20 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[117]) are Early Childhood School[118] with 502 students in Pre-K, Public School #1[119] with 860 students in grades K–6, Public School #2[120] with 716 students in grades K–6, Robert Menendez Elementary School (School #3)[121] with 574 students in grades K–6, Albio Sires Elementary School (School #4)[122] with 678 students in grades K–6, Public School #5[123] with 673 students in grades K–6, Harry L. Bain Elementary School (School #6)[124] with 675 students in grades K–6, West New York Middle School[125] with 1,125 students in grades 7–8 and Memorial High School[126] with 2,079 students in grades 9–12.[127]

Private schools in West New York include Academy of St. Joseph of the Palisades, a K-8 Catholic school, which is overseen by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Newark.[128] In the wake of declining enrollment and lingering financial issues, Mother Seton Interparochial School (which had been formed in 2006 from the merger of St. Michael's and St. Anthony of Padua) and St. Augustine's School, both of which had been located in Union City, were closed by the Newark Archdiocese after the 2019–20 school year and merged into Academy of St. Joseph of the Palisades.[129]

American Training School for Medical Professionals is a bilingual medical school founded in 1998 by Professor Dante Joa.[130]

Emergency services

West New York does not have its own fire department, but is one of five municipalities served by the North Hudson Regional Fire and Rescue.[131]

The West New York Emergency Medical Squad consists of 26 people (as of May 2011) who are based at the EMS house on 62nd Street, which houses four trucks, to which each is assigned two workers. The Squad's second, larger facility, at 66th Street, opened May 11, 2011.[132]

West New York's Emergency Medical Services was among the many Hudson County agencies that responded to the January 2009 crash of US Airways Flight 1549, for which they received accolades from the survivors.[133][134]

Transportation

Roads and highways
County Route 505 (Anthony Defino Way) in West New York

As of May 2010, the town had a total of 24.11 miles (38.80 km) of roadways, of which 21.92 miles (35.28 km) were maintained by the municipality, 2.19 miles (3.52 km) by Hudson County.[135]

The only significant roads directly serving West New York are county highways. County Route 501 follows Kennedy Boulevard along the town's western border.[136] County Route 505 follows Boulevard East and Anthony Defino Way on the east side of town.[137] Both roads are oriented north–south. Interstate 95 (the New Jersey Turnpike), U.S. Route 1/9 and New Jersey Route 495 are major highways located in adjacent municipalities.[138]

Public transportation
This New York Waterway ferry named West New York is not used on the routes which serve the town.

NJ Transit bus service is available to the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan on the 128, 154, 156, 158, 159, 165, 166 and 168 routes. The 181 and 188 routes offer service to the George Washington Bridge Bus Terminal. Travel to other New Jersey communities, including Jersey City, is offered on the 22, 23, 84, 86, 88 and 89.[139][140][141]

The Bergenline Avenue station[142] of Hudson-Bergen Light Rail is located at the city line with Union City, while the Weehawken Port Imperial station[143] is located on the Weehawken waterfront at the foot of Pershing Road near the NY Waterway ferry terminal. Regular ferry crossings of the Hudson River run daily.[144]

Jitney commuter buses operate along Bergenline Avenue, providing service to the Port Authority Bus Terminal, the George Washington Bridge Bus Station, the Newport Centre and other local destinations. The county's most frequent route for dollar buses, jitneys operate along Bergenline Avenue as frequently as one bus every minute.[145][146]

The closest airport in New Jersey with scheduled passenger service is Newark Liberty International Airport, located 13.6 miles (21.9 km) away in Newark and Elizabeth. New York City's LaGuardia Airport is 13.5 miles (21.7 km) away in Queens via the Lincoln Tunnel.

Media and culture

West New York is located within the New York media market, with most of its daily papers available for sale or delivery. The Jersey Journal is a local daily paper based in Jersey City. Local weeklies include the free bilingual paper, Hudson Dispatch Weekly,[147] a former daily,[148] The West New York Reporter, which is part of the Hudson Reporter group of local weeklies, and the Spanish language El Especialito.[149] River View Observer is a monthly newspaper that covers the Hudson County waterfront market.

In the late 2000s, West New York, Weehawken, Union City and North Bergen came to be dubbed collectively as "NoHu", a North Hudson haven for local performing and fine artists, many of whom are immigrants from Latin America and other countries, in part due to lower housing costs compared to those in nearby art havens such as Hoboken, Jersey City and Manhattan.[150]

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with West New York include:

Tyson Beckford
AJ Lee
Mathieu Schneider

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  197. Sandomir, Richard. "Ozzie Silna, Savvy Owner of Spirits of St. Louis, Is Dead at 83", The New York Times, April 27, 2016. Accessed April 27, 2016. "Uziel Silna was born in a suburb of Tel Aviv on Dec. 27, 1932, and settled with his parents, Harry and Kissey, in West New York, NJ, when he was almost 7."
  198. Sampson, Peter J. "John M. Skevin, 66; a force in N.J. politics", The Record, October 23, 1993. Accessed December 15, 2022. "Born June 14, 1927, to immigrant Croatian parents in West New York, Mr. Skevin was a two-sport, All-Hudson performer at Memorial High School, where he is a member of the school's Hall of Fame."
  199. Heinis, John. "Rep. Albio Sires, of West New York, gives House Homeland Security Committee chairman Peter King tour of Hudson's tunnels and transit sites", The Jersey Journal, January 27, 2012. Accessed June 12, 2012.
  200. Friedman, Vanessa. "Isabel Toledo Dies at 59; Designed Michelle Obama’s Inaugural Outfit", The New York Times, August 26, 2019. Accessed August 29, 2019. "Maria Isabel Izquierdo was born on April 9, 1960, in Camajuani, Cuba, to Felix and Bertha Izquierdo.... She emigrated with her parents and two sisters to the United States, and in 1968 the family settled in West New York, NJ, where she met Mr. Toledo."
  201. Vito Valentinetti, MLB.com. Accessed October 25, 2015.
  202. Staff. "West New York Mayor Roque challenges Vega's Board Of Education appointments", The Hudson Reporter, July 14, 2011. Accessed March 15, 2020. "On Thursday Mayor Roque filed a challenge with the State Commissioner of Education against the appointment of Board of Education members Janet Passante and Alex Locatelli made by an outgoing Mayor Silverio Vega two months ago, shortly before he left office."
  203. Hirsch, Corin. "Lunch Box Diaries; Vermonters recall their school cafeteria cuisine", Seven Days, August 31, 2011. Accessed August 2, 2012. "Armando Vilaseca – Vermont education commissioner; I came from Cuba in 1964 and moved to West New York, NJ, an immigrant area that from the 1960s until the 1980s had a huge Cuban immigrant population. My high school, Memorial High School, was probably 70 percent Cuban American..."
  204. Pennington, Juliet. "The VIP Lounge with Jessica Vosk", The Boston Globe, June 23, 2017. Accessed October 10, 2017. "The Clinton, NJ, native, now calls West New York, NJ home. Vosk, 33, who plays Elphaba (the role made popular by Idina Menzel), said she is enjoying spending time in Boston, where her younger brother, musician Daniel Vosk, went to school."
  205. Gerard Way photo Archived November 23, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times Agency, October 19, 2007. Caption: "Gerard Way, lead singer of My Chemical Romance, near his home in West New York, N.J., on September 24, 2007."
  206. Fitzgerald's Legislative Manual, 1984, p. 251. Accessed November 18, 2017. "Jacqueline Walker, Dem., Matawan Assemblywoman Walker was born in Jersey City Nov. 7, 1941. She attended elementary school and Memorial High School in West New York."
  207. "Assemblywoman realizes dream", Asbury Park Press, July 16, 1984. Accessed November 18, 2017. "...of the delegation is the latest coup in what has been a meteoric political career for the West New York native."
  208. Falk, Steven. "Warren Wolf, legendary Brick, Lakewood coach, dead at 92", Asbury Park Press, November 22, 2019. Accessed November 24, 2019. "Wolf, who was born in Jersey City on Aug. 1, 1927, grew up in West New York, Hudson County, and played football at Memorial High School in West New York."
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