Vredefort

Vredefort (locally /ˈfrɪərdəfɔːrt/, Afrikaans: [ˈfriədəfɔrt]) is a small farming town in the Free State province of South Africa with cattle, peanuts, sorghum, sunflowers and maize being farmed. It is home to 3,000 residents.

Vredefort
Nederduitse Gereformeerde Church, Church Street, Vredefort
Coat of arms
Vredefort Show map of Free State (South African province) Vredefort Show map of South Africa
Coordinates: 27°01′S 27°23′E
Country	South Africa
Province	Free State
District	Fezile Dabi
Municipality	Ngwathe
Established	1878[1]
Area [2]
• Total	21.4 km2 (8.3 sq mi)
Population  (2011)[2]
• Total	14,619
• Density	680/km2 (1,800/sq mi)
Racial makeup (2011) [2]
• Black African	92.4%
• Coloured	2.1%
• Indian/Asian	0.3%
• White	5.0%
• Other	0.3%
First languages (2011) [2]
• Sotho	68.9%
• Xhosa	15.7%
• Afrikaans	7.7%
• Zulu	1.6%
• Other	6.0%
Time zone	UTC+2 (SAST)
Postal code (street)	9595
PO box	9595
Area code	056

The town was established in 1876 on a farm called Visgat, on the Vredefort impact structure, the largest and oldest visible bolide impact crater in the world (with a diameter of 300 kilometres (190 mi)). It was this approximately 10-kilometre (6.2 mi) wide bolide that led to the preservation of the gold-bearing reefs of the Free State some 2.02 billion years ago. The town's name, which translates to "peace fort" in Afrikaans and Dutch, was derived from the peaceful conclusion to a threatened war between the Transvaal and the Orange Free State. The British built a concentration camp here during the Second Boer War to house Boer women and children.

The Vredefort Dome is currently the largest and one of the oldest known asteroid impact sites in the world.[3] It is South Africa's seventh World Heritage Site and its status is largely due to the efforts of research scientists from Wits University.[4]