Timeline of the 2014 Atlantic hurricane season

The 2014 Atlantic hurricane season was an event in the annual hurricane season in the north Atlantic Ocean. It featured below-average tropical cyclone activity,[nb 1] with the fewest named storms since the 1997 season.[2] The season officially began on June 1, 2014 and ended on November 30, 2014. These dates, adopted by convention, historically describe the period in each year when most tropical systems form.[3] Even so, there were no named storms during either the opening or closing months of the season, as the first, Hurricane Arthur, developed on July 1, and the last, Tropical Storm Hanna, dissipated on October 28.

Timeline of the
2014 Atlantic hurricane season
Season summary map
Season boundaries
First system formedJuly 1, 2014
Last system dissipatedOctober 28, 2014
Strongest system
NameGonzalo
Maximum winds145 mph (230 km/h)
(1-minute sustained)
Lowest pressure940 mbar (hPa; 27.76 inHg)
Longest lasting system
NameEdouard
Duration8 days
Storm articles

Altogether, eight tropical storms formed during the season, including six hurricanes of which two intensified into major hurricanes.[nb 2] There was also one tropical depression that failed to reach tropical storm strength. Impact throughout the year was widespread. Arthur, which made landfall near Cape Lookout, North Carolina on July 3, with 100 mph (155 km/h) winds, was the strongest hurricane to strike the U.S. mainland since Hurricane Ike in 2008 (with 110 mph (175 km/h) winds).[2] The deadliest Atlantic storm of the season, Cristobal, barely touched land at all as it moved from Puerto Rico to Iceland in late August. Even so, it was responsible for at least seven fatalities: four on Hispaniola, one on Providenciales, and two along the U.S. East Coast.[2] In October, Bermuda was struck twice, as hurricanes Fay and Gonzalo made landfall only six days apart (October 12 and 18 respectively), leaving much damage in their wakes.[2]

This timeline documents tropical cyclone formations, strengthening, weakening, landfalls, extratropical transitions, and dissipations during the season. It includes information that was not released throughout the season, meaning that data from post-storm reviews by the National Hurricane Center, such as a storm that was not initially warned upon, has been included.

By convention, meteorologists use one time zone when issuing forecasts and making observations: Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), and also use the 24-hour clock (where 00:00 = midnight UTC).[5] The National Hurricane Center uses both UTC and the time zone where the center of the tropical cyclone is currently located. The time zones utilized (east to west) prior to 2020 were: Atlantic, Eastern, and Central.[6] In this timeline, all information is listed by UTC first with the respective regional time included in parentheses. Additionally, figures for maximum sustained winds and position estimates are rounded to the nearest 5 units (knots, miles, or kilometers), following the convention used in the National Hurricane Center's products. Direct wind observations are rounded to the nearest whole number. Atmospheric pressures are listed to the nearest millibar and nearest hundredth of an inch of mercury.

Timeline
Hurricane GonzaloHurricane FayTropical Storm Dolly (2014)Hurricane CristobalHurricane Bertha (2014)Hurricane ArthurSaffir–Simpson scale

June

June 1

  • The 2014 Atlantic hurricane season officially begins.[3]
  • No tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic Ocean during the month of June.

July

July 1

A visible satellite image of a well-formed hurricane, with multiple spiral bands and an eye, nearing landfall in North Carolina on July 3, 2014.
Hurricane Arthur nearing landfall in North Carolina on July 3

July 3

July 4

July 5

July 21

July 23

  • 12:00 UTC (18:00 a.m. AST) near 14.0°N 55.0°W / 14.0; -55.0 – Tropical Depression Two degenerates into an trough of low pressure about 385 mi (620 km) east of the Lesser Antilles, and later dissipates.[8]

August

August 1

August 3

A visible satellite image depicting a disorganized hurricane located northeast of the Bahamas on August 4, 2014.
Hurricane Bertha northeast of the Bahamas on August 4

August 4

  • 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. EDT) near 26.8°N 73.6°W / 26.8; -73.6 – Tropical Storm Bertha strengthens into a Category 1 hurricane and simultaneously attains its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 998 mbar (29.47 inHg), about 195 mi (315 km) north-northeast of San Salvador Island, the Bahamas.[9]

August 5

  • 06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. EDT) near 32.5°N 73.2°W / 32.5; -73.2 – Hurricane Bertha weakens to a tropical storm about 585 mi (945 km) north-northeast of San Salvador Island.[9]

August 6

August 23

August 24

August 26

  • 00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. EDT, August 25) near 25.1°N 72.1°W / 25.1; -72.1 – Tropical Storm Cristobal strengthens into a Category 1 hurricane approximately 665 mi (1,075 km) southwest of Bermuda.[10]
A visible satellite image depicting a well-organized hurricane east of the United States on August 28, 2014.
Hurricane Cristobal near peak intensity east of the Carolinas on August 28

August 29

  • 00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, August 28) near 39.1°N 58.8°W / 39.1; -58.8 – Hurricane Cristobal attains its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 965 mbar (28.50 inHg), about 570 mi (915 km) northeast of Bermuda.[10]
  • 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) near 44.2°N 49.0°W / 44.2; -49.0 – Hurricane Cristobal transitions into an extratropical cyclone about 260 mi (415 km) southeast of Cape Race, Newfoundland, and subsequently merges with another extratropical cyclone after moving across Iceland.[10][11]

September

September 1

September 2

September 3

  • 01:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. CDT, September 2) near 22.0°N 97.4°W / 22.0; -97.4 – Tropical Storm Dolly attains its lowest barometric pressure of 1,000 mbar (29.53 inHg), about 35 mi (55 km) south-southeast of Tampico.[12]
  • 04:00 UTC (11:00 p.m. CDT, September 2) near 22.0°N 97.7°W / 22.0; -97.7 – Tropical Storm Dolly makes landfall about 20 mi (32 km) south-southeast of Tampico, with sustained winds of 45 mph (75 km/h).[12]
  • 12:00 UTC (7:00 a.m CDT) near 21.8°N 98.8°W / 21.8; -98.8 – Tropical Storm Dolly degenerates inland to a tropical low, about 70 mi (110 km) west-southwest of Tampico, and later dissipates.[12]
An image depicting the track of a long-lived 2014 tropical cyclone within the North Atlantic Basin.
Map plotting the track and the intensity of Edouard (starting at lower right corner)

September 11

September 12

September 14

  • 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) near 24.4°N 50.3°W / 24.4; -50.3 – Tropical Storm Edouard intensifies into a Category 1 hurricane about 1,035 mi (1,665 km) southeast of Bermuda.[13]

September 15

  • 06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. AST) near 26.5°N 54.0°W / 26.5; -54.0 – Hurricane Edouard intensifies into a Category 2 hurricane about 765 mi (1,230 km) southeast of Bermuda.[13]

September 16

  • 06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. AST) near 29.5°N 57.3°W / 29.5; -57.3 – Hurricane Edouard intensifies into a Category 3 hurricane about 485 mi (780 km) southeast of Bermuda.[13]
  • 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) near 30.6°N 57.8°W / 30.6; -57.8 – Hurricane Edouard attains its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 120 mph (195 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 955 mbar (28.20 inHg), about 415 mi (665 km) east of Bermuda.[13]
  • 18:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. AST) near 31.7°N 57.7°W / 31.7; -57.7 – Hurricane Edouard weakens to a Category 2 hurricane about 420 mi (675 km) east of Bermuda.[13]

September 17

September 19

October

October 10

  • 06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. AST) near 22.7°N 62.4°W / 22.7; -62.4 – Subtropical Storm Fay develops from a mid- to upper-level trough about 615 mi (990 km) south of Bermuda.[14]

October 11

A visible satellite image of a disorganized hurricane on October 12, 2014.
Hurricane Fay over the Atlantic Ocean on October 12

October 12

October 13

October 14

October 15

  • 00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, October 14) near 21.7°N 66.2°W / 21.7; -66.2 – Hurricane Gonzalo intensifies into a Category 4 hurricane about 225 mi (360 km) north of San Juan, Puerto Rico, and simultaneously attains an initial peak maximum sustained windspeed of 130 mph (215 km/h).[15]
  • 18:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. AST) near 23.8°N 68.3°W / 23.8; -68.3 – Hurricane Gonzalo weakens to a Category 3 hurricane about 625 mi (1,005 km) south-southwest of Bermuda.[15]
A visible satellite image of a well-organized hurricane at peak intensity on October 16, 2014.
Hurricane Gonzalo at peak intensity over the Atlantic Ocean on October 16

October 16

  • 06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. AST) near 25.0°N 68.7°W / 25.0; -68.7 – Hurricane Gonzalo re-intensifies into a Category 4 hurricane about 555 mi (895 km) south-southwest of Bermuda.[15]
  • 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) near 25.6°N 68.7°W / 25.6; -68.7 – Hurricane Gonzalo attains its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 145 mph (230 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 940 mbar (27.76 inHg), about 525 mi (845 km) south-southwest of Bermuda.[15]

October 17

  • 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) near 29.8°N 66.5°W / 29.8; -66.5 – Hurricane Gonzalo again weakens to a Category 3 hurricane about 200 mi (325 km) south-southwest of Bermuda.[15]

October 18

  • 00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, October 17) near 32.2°N 64.9°W / 32.2; -64.9 – Hurricane Gonzalo weakens to a Category 2 hurricane about 10 mi (15 km) south-southwest of Bermuda.[15]
  • 00:30 UTC (8:30 p.m. AST, October 17) near 32.3°N 64.8°W / 32.3; -64.8 – Hurricane Gonzalo makes landfall on Bermuda with sustained winds of 110 mph (175 km/h).[16]

October 19

An image depicting the track of a short-lived 2014 tropical cyclone within the North Atlantic Basin.
Map plotting the track and the intensity of Hanna (starting at center left)

October 22

October 23

  • 00:00 UTC (7:00 p.m. CDT, October 22) near 19.2°N 91.3°W / 19.2; -91.3 – Tropical Depression Nine degenerates into a remnant low about 65 mi (100 km) southwest of Campeche City.[18]

October 25

October 26

October 27

  • 00:00 UTC (7:00 p.m. EDT, October 26) near 15.1°N 82.0°W / 15.1; -82.0 – Remnant Low Nine regenerates into a tropical depression about 80 mi (130 km) east-northeast of Cabo Gracias a Dios.[18]
  • 06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. EDT) near 15.0°N 82.4°W / 15.0; -82.4 – Tropical Depression Nine intensifies into Tropical Storm Hanna about 50 mi (85 km) east of Cabo Gracias a Dios, and simultaneously attains its peak sustained winds of 40 mph (65 km/h).[18]
  • 16:00 UTC (12:00 p.m. EDT) near 14.9°N 83.3°W / 14.9; -83.3 – Tropical Storm Hanna makes landfall about 10 mi (20 km) west-southwest of Cabo Gracias a Dios with sustained winds of 40 mph (65 km/h).[18]
  • 18:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. EDT) near 14.9°N 83.5°W / 14.9; -83.5 – Tropical Storm Hanna weakens to a tropical depression inland about 25 mi (35 km) west-southwest of Cabo Gracias a Dios.[18]

October 28

  • 06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. EDT) near 15.4°N 85.2°W / 15.4; -85.2 – Tropical Depression Hanna again degenerates into a remnant low about 140 mi (220 km) west-northwest of Cabo Gracias a Dios, and subsequently dissipates.[18]

November
  • No tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic Ocean during the month of November.

November 30

  • The 2000 Atlantic hurricane season officially ends.[3]

See also

Notes
  1. An average Atlantic hurricane season, as defined by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, has 12 tropical storms, six hurricanes and two major hurricanes.[1]
  2. Hurricanes reaching Category 3 (111 mph / 178 km/h) and higher on the 5-level Saffir–Simpson wind speed scale are considered major hurricanes.[4]
  3. Gonzalo was absorbed by a cold front several hundred nautical miles south-southwest of Iceland on October 20. The extratropical storm complex incorporating Gonzalo's remnants generated strong wind, heavy rain and snow across Ireland, the United Kingdom, and portions of Europe on October 21–22.[15][17]

References
  1. "Background Information: North Atlantic Hurricane Season". College Park, Maryland: NOAA Climate Prediction Center. Retrieved July 14, 2020.
  2. Wiltgen, Nick (December 1, 2014). "2014 Hurricane Season in Review: Eight Things We'll Remember". weather.com. The Weather Channel. Retrieved July 21, 2020.
  3. Dorst, Neal (June 1, 2018). "Hurricane Season Information". Frequently Asked Questions About Hurricanes. Miami, Florida: NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. Retrieved June 29, 2020.
  4. "Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 29, 2020.
  5. "Understanding the Date/Time Stamps". Miami, Florida: NOAA National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 10, 2020.
  6. "Update on National Hurricane Center Products and Services for 2020" (PDF). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. April 20, 2020. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
  7. Berg, Robbie J. (April 20, 2015). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Arthur (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
  8. Avila, Lixion A. (September 24, 2014). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Depression Two (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
  9. Blake, Eric S. (February 23, 2015). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Bertha (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
  10. Pasch, Richard J. (February 11, 2015). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Cristobal (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
  11. Fontaine, Andie Sophia (September 1, 2014). "Stormy Weather Is Hurricane Cristobal Petering Out". The Reykjavík Grapevine. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
  12. Beven, John L. (January 28, 2015). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Dolly (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. pp. 2, 5. Retrieved May 16, 2015.
  13. Stewart, Stacy R. (December 10, 2014). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Edouard (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 16, 2015.
  14. Kimberlain, Todd B. (April 24, 2015). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Fay (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
  15. Brown, Daniel P. (March 4, 2015). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Gonzalo (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
  16. Stewart, Stacy R. (October 17, 2014). Hurricane Gonzalo Tropical Cyclone Update (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 21, 2020.
  17. Samenow, Jason (October 22, 2014). "Gonzalo's final blow: Strong winds, heavy rain, and snow in Europe (PHOTOS)". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
  18. Cangialosi, John P. (December 16, 2014). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Hanna (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
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