Syriac (Unicode block)

Syriac
Syriac
Range	U+0700..U+074F; (80 code points)
Plane	BMP
Scripts	Syriac
Major alphabets	Estrangela; Serto or West Syriac; Eastern Syriac; Garshuni (Arabic); Neo-Aramaic
Assigned	77 code points
Unused	3 reserved code points
Unicode version history
3.0 (1999)	71 (+71)
4.0 (2003)	77 (+6)
Unicode documentation
	Code chart ∣ Web page
	Note: [1][2]

Syriac is a Unicode block containing characters for all forms of the Syriac alphabet, including the Estrangela, Serto, Eastern Syriac, and the Christian Palestinian Aramaic variants. It is used in Literary Syriac, Neo-Aramaic, and Arabic among Syriac-speaking Christians. It was used historically to write Armenian, Persian, Ottoman Turkish, and Malayalam.

Additional Syriac letters used for writing the Malayalam language are encoded in the Syriac Supplement block.

Unicode chart

Syriac^[1]^[2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	A	B	C	D	E	F
U+070x	܀	܁	܂	܃	܄	܅	܆	܇	܈	܉	܊	܋	܌	܍		SAM
U+071x	ܐ	ܑ	ܒ	ܓ	ܔ	ܕ	ܖ	ܗ	ܘ	ܙ	ܚ	ܛ	ܜ	ܝ	ܞ	ܟ
U+072x	ܠ	ܡ	ܢ	ܣ	ܤ	ܥ	ܦ	ܧ	ܨ	ܩ	ܪ	ܫ	ܬ	ܭ	ܮ	ܯ
U+073x	ܰ	ܱ	ܲ	ܳ	ܴ	ܵ	ܶ	ܷ	ܸ	ܹ	ܺ	ܻ	ܼ	ܽ	ܾ	ܿ
U+074x	݀	݁	݂	݃	݄	݅	݆	݇	݈	݉	݊			ݍ	ݎ	ݏ
Notes 1.^ As of Unicode version 15.1 2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Syriac block:

Version	Final code points[lower-alpha 1]	Count	L2 ID	WG2 ID	Document
3.0	U+0700..070D, 070F..072C, 0730..074A	71	L2/97-130		McGowan, R. (1997-02-24), The Unicode draft proposal for Syriac character encoding
			L2/98-051		Nelson, Paul; Kiraz, George (1998-02-23), Supporting letters for Encoding Syriac
			L2/98-052		Nelson, Paul; Kiraz, George (1998-02-23), Examples of Syriac
			L2/98-070		Aliprand, Joan; Winkler, Arnold, "3.A.2. item a. Syriac script", Minutes of the joint UTC and L2 meeting from the meeting in Cupertino, February 25-27, 1998
			L2/98-069		Nelson, Paul; Kiraz, George (1998-02-27), Presentation to support the coding of Syriac
			L2/98-050	N1718	Nelson, Paul; Kiraz, George; Hasso, Sargon (1998-03-06), Proposal to Encode Syriac in ISO/IEC 10646
			L2/98-156		Kiraz, George, Syriac: Unicode character properties
			L2/98-158		Aliprand, Joan; Winkler, Arnold (1998-05-26), "Character Properties for Syriac Script", Draft Minutes - UTC #76 & NCITS Subgroup L2 #173 joint meeting, Tredyffrin, Pennsylvania, April 20-22, 1998
			L2/98-286	N1703	Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1998-07-02), "8.23", Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting #34, Redmond, WA, USA; 1998-03-16--20
				N1837, N1837-Ireland	Summary of Voting/Table of Replies - Amendment 27 - Syriac, 1998-08-27
			L2/98-322	N1907	ISO/IEC 10646-1/FPDAM. 27, AMENDMENT 27: Syriac, 1998-10-22
				N1906	Paterson, Bruce; Everson, Michael (1998-10-22), Disposition of Comments - FPDAM27 - Syriac
			L2/99-010	N1903 (pdf, html, doc)	Umamaheswaran, V. S. (1998-12-30), "6.7.10", Minutes of WG 2 meeting 35, London, U.K.; 1998-09-21--25
			L2/01-118		Whistler, Ken; Cimarosti, Marco (2001-03-13), Joining group "WAW"
			L2/10-439		Pournader, Roozbeh; Esfahbod, Behdad (2010-10-27), Refixing the bidi class for U+070F SYRIAC ABBREVIATION MARK
			L2/11-286		Esfahbod, Behdad (2011-07-21), Syriac shaping fixes and clarifications
			L2/12-050		Anderson, Deborah (2012-01-30), Glyph erratum for U+0709 SYRIAC SUBLINEAR COLON SKEWED RIGHT
			L2/12-188	N4272	Anderson, Deborah (2012-05-08), Naming error for U+0709 SYRIAC SUBLINEAR COLON SKEWED RIGHT
			L2/12-112		Moore, Lisa (2012-05-17), "Consensus 131-C20", UTC #131 / L2 #228 Minutes, Approve a formal name alias for U+0709 SYRIAC SUBLINEAR COLON SKEWED RIGHT of "SYRIAC SUBLINEAR COLON SKEWED LEFT", for Unicode 6.2.
4.0	U+072D..072F, 074D..074F	6	L2/01-007		Bunz, Carl-Martin (2000-12-21), "Manichaean and Christian Sogdian Scripts", Iranianist Meeting Report: Symposium on Encoding Iranian Scripts in Unicode
			L2/02-009		Bunz, Carl-Martin (2001-11-23), "Christian Sogdian written in Syriac script(s)", 2nd Iranian Meeting Report
			L2/02-132	N2422	Everson, Michael (2002-03-30), Proposal to add six Syriac letters for Sogdian and Persian to the UCS
			L2/02-185		Nelson, Paul (2002-05-01), E-mail from Paul Nelson re Sogdian Issues
			L2/02-405	N2509	Everson, Michael; Sims-Williams, Nicholas (2002-11-04), Shaping behaviour of six Syriac letters for Sogdian and Persian
Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

Character list

Code	Result	Description
Punctuation
U+0700	܀	Syriac End of Paragraph
U+0701	܁	Syriac Supralinear Full Stop
U+0702	܂	Syriac Sublinear Full Stop
U+0703	܃	Syriac Supralinear Colon
U+0704	܄	Syriac Sublinear Colon
U+0705	܅	Syriac Horizontal Colon
U+0706	܆	Syriac Colon skewed left
U+0707	܇	Syriac Colon skewed right
U+0708	܈	Syriac Supralinear Colon skewed left
U+0709	܉	Syriac Sublinear Colon skewed right
U+070A	܊	Syriac Contraction
U+070B	܋	Syriac Harklean Obelus
U+070C	܌	Syriac Harklean Metobelus
U+070D	܍	Syriac Harklean Asteriscus
U+070F	܏	Syriac Abbreviation Mark
Letters
U+0710	ܐ	Syriac Letter Alaph
U+0711	ܑ	Syriac Letter Superscript Alaph
U+0712	ܒ	Syriac Letter Beth
U+0713	ܓ	Syriac Letter Gamal
U+0714	ܔ	Syriac Letter Gamal Garshuni
U+0715	ܕ	Syriac Letter Dalath
U+0716	ܖ	Syriac Letter Dotless Dalath Rish
U+0717	ܗ	Syriac Letter He
U+0718	ܘ	Syriac Letter Waw
U+0719	ܙ	Syriac Letter Zain
U+071A	ܚ	Syriac Letter Heth
U+071B	ܛ	Syriac Letter Teth
U+071C	ܜ	Syriac Letter Teth Garshuni
U+071D	ܝ	Syriac Letter Yudh
U+071E	ܞ	Syriac Letter Yudh He
U+071F	ܟ	Syriac Letter Kaph
U+0720	ܠ	Syriac Letter Lamadh
U+0721	ܡ	Syriac Letter Mim
U+0722	ܢ	Syriac Letter Nun
U+0723	ܣ	Syriac Letter Semkath
U+0724	ܤ	Syriac Letter Final Semkath
U+0725	ܥ	Syriac Letter E
U+0726	ܦ	Syriac Letter Pe
U+0727	ܧ	Syriac Letter Reversed Pe
U+0728	ܨ	Syriac Letter Sadhe
U+0729	ܩ	Syriac Letter Qaph
U+072A	ܪ	Syriac Letter Rish
U+072B	ܫ	Syriac Letter Shin
U+072C	ܬ	Syriac Letter Taw
U+072D	ܭ	Syriac Letter Persian Bheth
U+072E	ܮ	Syriac Letter Persian Ghamal
U+072F	ܯ	Syriac Letter Persian Dhalath
U+074D	ݍ	Syriac Letter Sogdian Zhain
U+074E	ݎ	Syriac Letter Sogdian Khaph
U+074F	ݏ	Syriac Letter Sogdian Fe
Diacritics
U+0730	ܰ	Syriac Pthaha Above
U+0731	ܱ	Syriac Pthaha Below
U+0732	ܲ	Syriac Pthaha Dotted
U+0733	ܳ	Syriac Zqapha Above
U+0734	ܴ	Syriac Zqapha Below
U+0735	ܵ	Syriac Zqapha Dotted
U+0736	ܶ	Syriac Rbasa Above
U+0737	ܷ	Syriac Rbasa Below
U+0738	ܸ	Syriac Dotted Zlama Horizontal
U+0739	ܹ	Syriac Dotted Zlama Angular
U+073A	ܺ	Syriac Hbasa Above
U+073B	ܻ	Syriac Hbasa Below
U+073C	ܼ	Syriac Hbasa-Esata Dotted
U+073D	ܽ	Syriac Esasa Above
U+073E	ܾ	Syriac Esasa Below
U+073F	ܿ	Syriac Rwaha
U+0740	݀	Syriac Feminine Dot
U+0741	݁	Syriac Qushshaya
U+0742	݂	Syriac Rukkakha
U+0743	݃	Syriac Two Vertical Dots Above
U+0744	݄	Syriac Two Vertical Dots Below
U+0745	݅	Syriac Three Dots Above
U+0746	݆	Syriac Three Dots Below
U+0747	݇	Syriac Oblique Line Above
U+0748	݈	Syriac Oblique Line Below
U+0749	݉	Syriac Music
U+074A	݊	Syriac Barrekh

References

"Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
"Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.

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[final-3] Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

[1] "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.

[2] "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.

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