Swedesboro, New Jersey

Swedesboro is a borough within Gloucester County in the U.S. state of New Jersey, within the Philadelphia metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 2,711,[9] its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 127 (+4.9%) from the 2,584 recorded at the 2010 census,[18][19] which in turn had reflected an increase of 529 (+25.7%) from the 2,055 counted at the 2000 census.[20] Swedesboro and surrounding Gloucester County constitute part of South Jersey.

Swedesboro, New Jersey
Borough
Trinity Church in Swedesboro
Trinity Church in Swedesboro
Official seal of Swedesboro, New Jersey
Seal
Map of Swedesboro highlighted within Gloucester County. Inset: Location of Gloucester County in New Jersey.
Map of Swedesboro highlighted within Gloucester County. Inset: Location of Gloucester County in New Jersey.
Census Bureau map of Swedesboro, New Jersey
Census Bureau map of Swedesboro, New Jersey
Swedesboro is located in Gloucester County, New Jersey
Swedesboro
Swedesboro
Location in Gloucester County
Swedesboro is located in New Jersey
Swedesboro
Swedesboro
Location in New Jersey
Swedesboro is located in the United States
Swedesboro
Swedesboro
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 39.745884°N 75.310947°W / 39.745884; -75.310947[1][2]
Country United States
State New Jersey
CountyGloucester
IncorporatedApril 9, 1902
Government
[3]
 • TypeBorough
 • BodyBorough Council
 • MayorThomas W. Fromm (D, term ends December 31, 2023)[4][5]
 • Municipal clerkLois Elder[6]
Area
[7]
 • Total0.77 sq mi (1.99 km2)
 • Land0.73 sq mi (1.89 km2)
 • Water0.04 sq mi (0.09 km2)  4.55%
 • Rank523rd of 565 in state
24th of 24 in county[1]
Elevation
[8]
46 ft (14 m)
Population
 (2020)[9]
 • Total2,711
 • Estimate 
(2022)[10]
2,732
 • Rank459th of 565 in state
22nd of 24 in county[11]
 • Density3,707.4/sq mi (1,431.4/km2)
  • Rank181st of 565 in state
4th of 24 in county[11]
Time zoneUTC−05:00 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−04:00 (Eastern (EDT))
ZIP Code
08085[12][13]
Area code(s)856 Exchanges: 241, 467[14]
FIPS code3401571850[1][15][16]
GNIS feature ID0885415[1][17]
Websitewww.historicswedesboro.com
Swedesboro Grammar School

Swedesboro was formed as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 9, 1902, from portions of Woolwich Township.[21][22] The borough was named for its early settlers from Sweden.[23][24]

Swedesboro has been recognized by the National Arbor Day Foundation as a Tree City USA since 2000.[25]

History
Tomato shipping in Swedesboro, 1912
C. A. Nothnagle Log House, c. 1700

Originally populated by the Lenape Native Americans, Swedesboro was settled as part of New Sweden around 1650.[26] The Swedes and Finns were fishermen, hunters and farmers.[27]

Swedesboro, initially named Sveaborg by the Swedish settlers, along with Bridgeport (Nya Stockholm) and Finns Point (Varkens Kill), was one of only three settlements established in New Jersey as a part of the New Sweden colony. The oldest extant log cabin in the U.S., C. A. Nothnagle Log House (c. 1640) was built by Antti Niilonpoika (Anthony Neilson/Nelson) in Swedesboro.[28] It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, as is Trinity Episcopal "Old Swedes" Church, which was established as a Swedish Lutheran Church in 1703; the present building dates to 1784.[29]

As a result of the Second Northern War, New Sweden passed into Dutch hands in 1655. In 1667, the English subsequently annexed the region along the Delaware River after the Second Anglo-Dutch War. The English Colonial government needed a road between the communities of Burlington and Salem and built the Kings Highway in 1691, which opened the southern portion of Gloucester County to more settlers, who were drawn to the area by the fertile sandy soil, prime farmland and vast tracts of oak, birch, maple and pine trees. Originally, the community was called Raccoon until it was changed to Swedesboro in 1765.[30]

Through the late 1800s, Raccoon Creek, which runs for 22.6 miles (36.4 km), was a navigable water route that was naturally deep enough to transport wood and farm produce to Philadelphia via the Delaware River. The creek was named for the Narraticon Native Americans who lived in the area and gave their name as Raccoon to the first European settlement.[31] The Van Leer Log Cabin was once used as a trading post with Native Americans and later a station for the Underground Railroad to help slaves escape to free negro communities.[32]

Trinity Church Cemetery is the burial place of Governor of New Jersey Charles C. Stratton, Congressman Benjamin Franklin Howey, and other notables.[33]

Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden, visited the borough as part of a 1976 tour of the United States.[30]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the borough had a total area of 0.77 square miles (1.99 km2), including 0.73 square miles (1.89 km2) of land and 0.04 square miles (0.09 km2) of water (4.55%).[1][2]

Unincorporated communities, localities, and places located partially or completely within the township include Ivyside.[34] Swedesboro is an independent municipality surrounded on all sides by Woolwich Township,[35][36][37] making it one of only 21 "doughnut towns" in the state, where one municipality entirely surrounds another.[38]

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1880894—
18902,035127.6%
19101,477—
19201,83824.4%
19302,12315.5%
19402,2686.8%
19502,4598.4%
19602,449−0.4%
19702,287−6.6%
19802,031−11.2%
19902,024−0.3%
20002,0551.5%
20102,58425.7%
20202,7114.9%
2022 (est.)2,732[10]0.8%
Population sources:
1880–1890[39] 1910–2000[40]
1910–1920[41] 1910[42]
1910–1930[43] 1940–2000[44]
2000[45][46] 2010[18][19] 2020[9]

2010 census

The 2010 United States census counted 2,584 people, 938 households, and 645 families in the borough. The population density was 3,568.4 inhabitants per square mile (1,377.8/km2). There were 1,004 housing units at an average density of 1,386.5 per square mile (535.3/km2). The racial makeup was 69.81% (1,804) White, 15.02% (388) Black or African American, 0.58% (15) Native American, 1.35% (35) Asian, 0.08% (2) Pacific Islander, 9.48% (245) from other races, and 3.68% (95) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 17.07% (441) of the population.[18]

Of the 938 households, 36.5% had children under the age of 18; 45.2% were married couples living together; 17.0% had a female householder with no husband present and 31.2% were non-families. Of all households, 24.8% were made up of individuals and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.27.[18]

27.4% of the population were under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 32.5% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32.7 years. For every 100 females, the population had 98.2 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 95.1 males.[18]

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $65,085 (with a margin of error of +/− $9,111) and the median family income was $70,050 (+/− $7,451). Males had a median income of $47,974 (+/− $4,268) versus $43,721 (+/− $3,157) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $24,623 (+/− $2,395). About 9.1% of families and 11.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.5% of those under age 18 and 18.8% of those age 65 or over.[47]

2000 census

As of the 2000 census,[15] there were 2,055 people, 771 households, and 528 families residing in the borough. The population density was 2,830.8 inhabitants per square mile (1,093.0/km2). There were 860 housing units at an average density of 1,184.7 per square mile (457.4/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 76.93% White, 16.50% African American, 0.05% Native American, 0.34% Asian, 3.36% from other races, and 2.82% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.52% of the population.[45][46]

There were 771 households, out of which 34.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.3% were married couples living together, 16.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.4% were non-families. 25.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.22.[45][46]

In the borough, the population was spread out, with 27.4% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 32.0% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.6 males.[45][46]

The median income for a household in the borough was $49,286, and the median income for a family was $58,721. Males had a median income of $41,346 versus $33,125 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $20,857. About 7.8% of families and 9.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.4% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over.[45][46]

Government

Local government

Swedesboro is governed under the borough form of New Jersey municipal government, which is used in 218 of 564 municipalities statewide, making it the most common form of government in New Jersey.[48] The governing body is comprised of a mayor and a borough council, with all positions elected at-large on a partisan basis as part of the November general election. A mayor is elected directly by the voters to a four-year term of office. The borough council is comprised of six members elected to serve three-year terms on a staggered basis, with two seats coming up for election each year in a three-year cycle.[3] The borough form of government used by Swedesboro is a "weak mayor / strong council" government in which council members act as the legislative body with the mayor presiding at meetings and voting only in the event of a tie. The mayor can veto ordinances subject to an override by a two-thirds majority vote of the council. The mayor makes committee and liaison assignments for council members, and most appointments are made by the mayor with the advice and consent of the council.[4][49][50]

As of 2022, the mayor of Swedesboro is Democrat Thomas W. Fromm, whose term of office ends December 31, 2023. The Swedesboro Borough Council consists of Council President Salvatore "Sam" Casella (R, 2024), Shaun Booker (D, 2024), David Flaherty (D, 2023), Joanna Gahrs (R, 2023), Diane F. Hale (D, 2022) and George J. Weeks (D, 2022).[4][51][52][53][54][55]

Federal, state and county representation
Swede's Inn in Swedesboro, November 2007

Swedesboro is located in the 2nd Congressional District[56] and is part of New Jersey's 3rd state legislative district.[57][58][59]

For the 118th United States Congress, New Jersey's Second Congressional District is represented by Jeff Van Drew (R, Dennis Township).[60] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker (Newark, term ends 2027)[61] and Bob Menendez (Englewood Cliffs, term ends 2025).[62][63]

For the 2022–2023 session, the 3rd Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Edward Durr (R, Logan Township) and in the General Assembly by Bethanne McCarthy-Patrick (R, Mannington Township) and Beth Sawyer (R, Woolwich Township).[64]

Gloucester County is governed by a board of county commissioners, whose seven members are elected at-large to three-year terms of office on a staggered basis in partisan elections, with either two or three seats coming up for election each year. At a reorganization meeting held each January, the Board selects a Director and a Deputy Director from among its members. As of 2023, Gloucester County's Commissioners are Director Frank J. DiMarco (D, Deptford Township, term as director ends December 31, 2023; term as commissioner ends 2025),[65] Deputy Director Heather Simmons (D, Glassboro, term as deputy director and as commissioner ends 2023),[66] Lyman J. Barnes (D, Logan Township, 2023),[67] Nicholas DeSilvio (R, Franklin Township, 2024),[68] Denice DiCarlo (D, West Deptford Township), 2025[69] Jim Jefferson (D, Woodbury), 2023) and [70] Christopher Konawel Jr. (R, Glassboro, 2024).[71][72]

Gloucester County's constitutional officers are: County Clerk James N. Hogan (D, Franklin Township; 2027),[73][74] Sheriff Jonathan M. Sammons (R, Elk Township; 2024)[75][76] and Surrogate Giuseppe "Joe" Chila (D, Woolwich Township; 2027).[77][78][79]

Politics

As of March 2011, there were a total of 1,535 registered voters in Swedesboro, of which 471 (30.7%) were registered as Democrats, 311 (20.3%) were registered as Republicans and 751 (48.9%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 2 voters registered as either Libertarians or Greens.[80]

In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 59.5% of the vote (632 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 39.3% (417 votes), and other candidates with 1.2% (13 votes), among the 1,076 ballots cast by the borough's 1,618 registered voters (14 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 66.5%.[81][82] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 59.3% of the vote (625 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain with 38.1% (402 votes) and other candidates with 1.3% (14 votes), among the 1,054 ballots cast by the borough's 1,492 registered voters, for a turnout of 70.6%.[83] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 49.7% of the vote (448 ballots cast), outpolling Democrat John Kerry with 49.4% (445 votes) and other candidates with 0.4% (5 votes), among the 901 ballots cast by the borough's 1,301 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 69.3.[84]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 65.0% of the vote (372 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 33.4% (191 votes), and other candidates with 1.6% (9 votes), among the 581 ballots cast by the borough's 1,597 registered voters (9 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 36.4%.[85][86] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 46.1% of the vote (316 ballots cast), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 41.5% (284 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 9.5% (65 votes) and other candidates with 0.1% (1 votes), among the 685 ballots cast by the borough's 1,507 registered voters, yielding a 45.5% turnout.[87]

Education

Public school students in pre-kindergarten through sixth grade attend the Swedesboro-Woolwich School District, a consolidated school district that serves students from both Swedesboro and Woolwich Township.[88] As of the 2020–21 school year, the district, comprised of four schools, had an enrollment of 1,495 students and 138.7 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.8:1.[89] Schools in the district (with 2020–21 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[90]) are Margaret C. Clifford School[91] with 230 students in grades Pre-K–K (located in Swedesboro), Governor Charles C. Stratton School[92] with 402 students in grades 1–2 (Woolwich Township), General Charles G. Harker School[93] with 653 students in Grades 3–5 (Woolwich Township), and Walter H. Hill School[94] with 210 students in Grade 6 (Swedesboro).[95][96][97][98]

Public school students in seventh through twelfth grades are educated by the Kingsway Regional School District, which also serves students from East Greenwich Township, South Harrison Township and Woolwich Township, with the addition of students from Logan Township who attend the district's high school as part of a sending/receiving relationship in which tuition is paid on a per-pupil basis by the Logan Township School District. Swedesboro accounts for one tenth of district enrollment.[99][100] As of the 2020–21 school year, the high school district, comprised of two schools, had an enrollment of 2,868 students and 207.8 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.8:1.[101] The schools in the district (with 2020–21 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[102]) are Kingsway Regional Middle School[103] with 1,023 students in grades 7–8, and Kingsway Regional High School[104] with 1,802 students in grades 9–12.[105][106] Under a 2011 proposal, Kingsway would merge with its constituent member's K–6 districts to become a full K–12 district, with various options for including Logan Township as part of the consolidated district.[107]

Students from across the county are eligible to apply to attend Gloucester County Institute of Technology, a four-year high school in Deptford Township that provides technical and vocational education. As a public school, students do not pay tuition to attend the school.[108]

Guardian Angels Regional School is a K-8 school that operates under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Camden and accepts students from Swedesboro.[109] Its PreK-3 campus is in Gibbstown while its 4-8 campus is in Paulsboro.[110]

Transportation
County Route 551 in Swedesboro

Roads and highways

As of May 2010, the borough had a total of 10.94 miles (17.61 km) of roadways, of which 7.29 miles (11.73 km) were maintained by the municipality and 3.65 miles (5.87 km) by Gloucester County.[111]

There are several main roads serving Swedesboro.[112] The most significant are County Route 538[113] and County Route 551.[114] U.S. Route 322 and the New Jersey Turnpike can be accessed in neighboring Woolwich Township.

Public transportation

NJ Transit provides bus service between Salem and Philadelphia on the 401 route.[115][116]

The Salem Branch, a freight rail line, changes ownership at Swedesboro. The southern portion to the Port of Salem is owned by Salem County and operated by the Southern Railroad of New Jersey and interchanges with Conrail's South Jersey/Philadelphia Shared Assets Area operations which travels north to Pavonia Yard at Camden.

Wineries

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Swedesboro include:

References
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  74. Members List: Clerks, Constitutional Officers Association of New Jersey. Accessed January 31, 2023.
  75. Jonathan M. Sammons, Gloucester County. Accessed January 31, 2023.
  76. Members List: Sheriffs, Constitutional Officers Association of New Jersey. Accessed January 31, 2023.
  77. Surrogate Giuseppe Chila, Gloucester County. Accessed January 31, 2023.
  78. Members List: Surrogates, Constitutional Officers Association of New Jersey. Accessed January 31, 2023.
  79. Row Officers, Gloucester County, New Jersey. Accessed January 31, 2023.
  80. Voter Registration Summary - Gloucester, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 23, 2011. Accessed November 6, 2012.
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  83. 2008 Presidential General Election Results: Gloucester County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 23, 2008. Accessed November 6, 2012.
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  87. 2009 Governor: Gloucester County Archived October 17, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 31, 2009. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  88. Swedesboro-Woolwich Board of Education District Policy 0110 - Identification, Swedesboro-Woolwich School District. Accessed March 21, 2022. "Purpose: The Board of Education exists for the purpose of providing a thorough and efficient system of free public education in grades Pre-Kindergarten through six in the Swedesboro-Woolwich School District. Composition: The Swedesboro-Woolwich School District is comprised of all the area within the municipal boundaries of the Borough of Swedesboro and the Township of Woolwich."
  89. District information for Swedesboro-Woolwich School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed February 15, 2022.
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  91. Margaret C. Clifford School, Swedesboro-Woolwich School District. Accessed March 21, 2022.
  92. Governor Charles C. Stratton School, Swedesboro-Woolwich School District. Accessed March 21, 2022.
  93. General Charles G. Harker School, Swedesboro-Woolwich School District. Accessed March 21, 2022.
  94. Walter H. Hill School, Swedesboro-Woolwich School District. Accessed March 21, 2022.
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  98. New Jersey School Directory for the Swedesboro-Woolwich School District, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed December 29, 2016.
  99. Kingsway Regional School District 2015 Report Card Narrative, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed March 9, 2020. "Kingsway is situated in a predominately rural/suburban area, with more than 20,000 people residing within its 52 square mile border. The District includes the Borough of Swedesboro and the Townships of South Harrison, East Greenwich, and Woolwich. Though not part of the District, students from Logan Township attend Kingsway High School through a send/receive relationship as paid tuition students."
  100. Student Enrollment, Kingsway Regional School District. Accessed March 9, 2020. "Kingsway Regional is comprised of the Borough of Swedesboro and the Townships of South Harrison, East Greenwich and Woolwich. Though not part of the District, students from Logan Township attend Kingsway Regional High School through a send/receive relationship as paid tuition students.... Percent of students coming from each resident district is as follows: East Greenwich Twp. – 32%, Woolwich Twp. – 33%, South Harrison Twp. – 13%, Swedesboro – 10%, Logan Twp. (High School Only) – 11%"
  101. District information for Kingsway Regional School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed February 15, 2022.
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  107. Forand, Rebecca. "Kingsway districts may see change", Gloucester County Times, April 7, 2011. Accessed December 9, 2014. "A study is being planned to evaluate the fiscal feasibility of the regionalization of the school districts associated with the Kingsway Regional district, and the impact of continuing or severing the current relationship the district has with Logan Township. Woolwich township, Swedesboro, East Greenwich Township and South Harrison Township all currently feed their elementary students to the Kingsway Regional district for middle and high school, with Logan Township sending students to the high school on a tuition basis. The study will address the fiscal feasibility of regionalizing Kingsway, East Greenwich, South Harrison and Swedesboro-Woolwich."
  108. Admissions, Gloucester County Institute of Technology. Accessed November 7, 2019. "There is no charge to attend. GCIT is a public school.... GCIT is the vocational-technical school for Gloucester County residents. You must live in Gloucester County to apply and attend."
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  112. Gloucester County Highway Map, New Jersey Department of Transportation. Accessed February 27, 2023.
  113. County Route 538 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated June 2012. Accessed February 27, 2023.
  114. County Route 551 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated June 2012. Accessed February 27, 2023.
  115. Gloucester County Bus / Rail Connections, NJ Transit, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 22, 2009. Accessed August 31, 2013.
  116. Gloucester County's Transit Guide, Gloucester County, New Jersey. Accessed November 7, 2019.
  117. Manual of the Legislature of New Jersey, Volume 195, Part 1, p. 395. J.A. Fitzgerald., 1972. Accessed December 6, 2022. "Kenneth A. Black, Jr. (Rep., Pennsville) Assemblyman Black was born in Swedesboro, December 23, 1932."
  118. Dorien Bryant Archived January 10, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, CSTV. Accessed January 6, 2008.
  119. Sackett, William E. Scannell's New Jersey's First Citizens: Biographies and Portraits of the Notable Living Men and Women of New Jersey with informing glimpses into the State's History and Affairs, p. 202. J. J. Scannell, 1918. Accessed July 15, 2016. "Charles G. Garrison - Merchantville - Jurist. Born in Swedesboro, Gloucester County, August 3, 1849; son of Rev. Joseph Fithian Garrison."
  120. Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
  121. Benjamin Franklin Howey, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed October 11, 2015.
  122. Answers.com - William Nicholson Jeffers. Accessed July 15, 2008.
  123. Riordan, Kevin. "New wave digging those fossils", The Philadelphia Inquirer, July 14, 2013. Accessed February 27, 2023, via Newspapers.com. "'It's been a rough summer for us, with the weather,' says Lacovara, who's 52 and lives in Swedesboro."
  124. Ted Laux, NFL.com. Accessed October 11, 2015.
  125. Ramspacher, Andrew. "As His Dad Fights Cancer, This UVA Student Nears Completion Of Their NASCAR Dream", UVA Today, July 6, 2022. Accessed July 9, 2022. "Stephen J. Mallozzi, the active, optimistic and talkative son of Stephen A. Mallozzi, was holed up in his bedroom, feeling down and not saying a whole lot. It was January 2021 and 'S.J.,' as he’s better known in the Mallozzis' Swedesboro, New Jersey, home, was a few days removed from his 20th birthday and a week shy of returning to Charlottesville to begin the spring semester of his second year at the University of Virginia."
  126. Bedingfield, Gary. Earl Rapp, Baseball in Wartime, August 24, 2007. Accessed October 11, 2015. "Earl W. Rapp was born on May 20, 1921, in Corunna, Michigan, about 90 miles northwest of Detroit. At a young age his family moved to Swedesboro, New Jersey, where he lettered at high school in baseball, basketball, football and track."
  127. Stratton House, Swedesboro Archived 2013-08-25 at archive.today, Stockton University Art & Architecture of New Jersey. Accessed August 25, 2013. "Located in Swedesboro, New Jersey, Stratton House (also known as Stratton Hall) was built in 1794 by its original owner Dr. James Stratton, M.D.... Charles C. Stratton, a graduate of Rutgers College, a member of the State General Assembly, a Congressman from 1837-1839 and 1841-1843, and New Jersey Governor from 1845-1848, called Stratton Hall home until his death on March 30, 1859."
  128. Batterson, Hermon Griswold. A Sketch-book of the American Episcopate, p. 223. Lippincott, 1891. Accessed October 11, 2015. "The Right Reverend Joseph Pere Bell Wilmer, D.D. The second Bishop of Louisiana, was born in Swedesborough, New Jersey, on the 11th day of February, A.D. 1812."
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