Suzu, Ishikawa

Suzu (珠洲市, Suzu-shi) is a city located in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 March 2021, the city had an estimated population of 13,531 in 6013 households, and a population density of 54.6 persons per km2.[1] The total area of the city was 247.20 square kilometres (95.44 sq mi).

Suzu
珠洲市
City
Suzu City Hall
Suzu City Hall
Flag of Suzu
Flag
Official seal of Suzu
Seal
Location of Suzu in Ishikawa Prefecture
Location of Suzu in Ishikawa Prefecture
Suzu is located in Japan
Suzu
Suzu
 
Coordinates: 37°26′10.8″N 137°15′37.7″E
CountryJapan
RegionChūbu (Hokuriku)
PrefectureIshikawa Prefecture
Government
 • MayorIzumiya Masuhiro (since June 2006)
Area
 • Total247.20 km2 (95.44 sq mi)
Population
 (31 January 2018)
 • Total14,716
 • Density60/km2 (150/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+9 (Japan Standard Time)
Phone number0768-82-2222
Address1-6-2, Uedomachi Kitagata, Suzu-shi, Ishikawa-ken 927–1295
ClimateCfa
Websitewww.city.suzu.lg.jp
Symbols
BirdJapanese bush-warbler
FlowerCamellia
TreeJapanese red pine

Etymology

Suzu is thought to have been named after Suzu Shrine, an ancient Shinto shrine located in the Awazu area of the city. The name "Suzu" appears in Nara period records; however, the kanji for Suzu (珠洲) is not thought to have been in use until the early Wadō era (713 AD).[2] There is also the theory that the name originates from the Ainu language, as with several other place names in the Noto area.

Geography

Suzu occupies the northeastern tip of the Noto Peninsula and is bordered by the Sea of Japan on three sides. Parts of the city are within the borders of the Noto Hantō Quasi-National Park.

Neighbouring municipalities

Climate

Suzu has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by mild summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Suzu is 13.0 °C. The average annual rainfall is 2234 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.4 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.4 °C.[3]

Climate data for Suzu (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 17.0
(62.6)		 19.4
(66.9)		 23.3
(73.9)		 29.3
(84.7)		 30.9
(87.6)		 33.0
(91.4)		 36.1
(97.0)		 38.2
(100.8)		 37.1
(98.8)		 30.4
(86.7)		 24.4
(75.9)		 19.3
(66.7)		 38.2
(100.8)
Average high °C (°F) 6.0
(42.8)		 6.5
(43.7)		 10.2
(50.4)		 15.7
(60.3)		 21.0
(69.8)		 24.3
(75.7)		 28.3
(82.9)		 30.1
(86.2)		 26.1
(79.0)		 20.7
(69.3)		 14.9
(58.8)		 9.0
(48.2)		 17.7
(63.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 2.8
(37.0)		 2.8
(37.0)		 5.5
(41.9)		 10.4
(50.7)		 15.7
(60.3)		 19.8
(67.6)		 24.1
(75.4)		 25.5
(77.9)		 21.6
(70.9)		 15.8
(60.4)		 10.3
(50.5)		 5.3
(41.5)		 13.3
(55.9)
Average low °C (°F) −0.4
(31.3)		 −0.9
(30.4)		 0.8
(33.4)		 4.9
(40.8)		 10.7
(51.3)		 15.8
(60.4)		 20.6
(69.1)		 21.6
(70.9)		 17.6
(63.7)		 11.2
(52.2)		 5.7
(42.3)		 1.6
(34.9)		 9.1
(48.4)
Record low °C (°F) −10.4
(13.3)		 −9.1
(15.6)		 −5.3
(22.5)		 −3.0
(26.6)		 1.6
(34.9)		 7.5
(45.5)		 11.7
(53.1)		 13.7
(56.7)		 8.6
(47.5)		 1.0
(33.8)		 −1.1
(30.0)		 −7.5
(18.5)		 −10.4
(13.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 226.0
(8.90)		 140.6
(5.54)		 129.2
(5.09)		 106.6
(4.20)		 98.4
(3.87)		 141.7
(5.58)		 193.9
(7.63)		 165.7
(6.52)		 184.9
(7.28)		 152.7
(6.01)		 200.5
(7.89)		 279.2
(10.99)		 2,019.3
(79.50)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 89
(35)		 67
(26)		 13
(5.1)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 35
(14)		 202
(80)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 24.5 19.4 16.6 11.6 9.8 9.5 11.7 9.6 12.2 13.1 18.0 23.9 179.9
Average snowy days (≥ 3 cm) 9.6 7.8 1.4 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4 23.3
Mean monthly sunshine hours 62.0 90.1 149.0 195.6 218.6 172.6 162.4 208.2 150.8 153.3 108.3 69.2 1,740.1
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[4][5]

Demographics

Per Japanese census data,[6] the population of Suzu has declined steadily over the past 50 years.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1970 29,224—    
1980 27,351−6.4%
1990 23,471−14.2%
2000 19,852−15.4%
2010 16,300−17.9%
2020 12,929−20.7%

History

In ancient times, Suzu prospered as a gateway for trade by sea, establishing connections with places such as Izumo, Sado and Ezo. In turn, Suzu was introduced to ironware culture from a considerably early period in the Izumo era, and even gained crucial agricultural influence and knowledge to develop an agricultural society. In fact, it is thought that such ancient Noto culture originated and spread outwards from the tip of the Noto Peninsula.

In the second year of the Yōrō (718), Noto Province consisting of the 4 districts of Suzu, Fugeshi, Hakui and Noto was established. For a short period of time, the land was claimed as part of Etchū Province. During this period the famous Ōtomo no Yakamochi recited a poem about the picturesque scenery of Suzu Bay, which would later be included in the famous poetry anthology Man'yōshū. Later in the Kōji period (1143), Noto Provincial Governor Minamoto no Toshikane established Wakayama shōen which grew to become the largest estate in Noto, expanding territory to take over the majority of land in Suzu. Around this time, production of Suzu ware began, which was exported as far as Hokkaido. The area was also noted from ancient times for the production of salt.[7]

During the Sengoku period (1467–1568), the area was contested between the Hatakeyama clan, Uesugi clan and Maeda clan, with the area becoming part of Kaga Domain under the Edo-period Tokugawa shogunate. Following the Meiji Restoration, the area was organised into one town (Iida) and 14 villages in 1889. These municipalities merged on 15 July 1954 to form the city of Suzu.[8]

Government

Suzu has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 14 members.

Economy

Industries
Suzu ware large jar, Heian period, 12th century, excavated from Sekiyama-jinja sutra mound, Myōkō, Niigata
  • Agriculture: wet-land rice, Matsutake mushrooms, charcoal, and other crops
  • Commercial fishing: processing of marine goods
  • Livestock: Noto Beef, a regionally renowned brand
  • Ceramics: portable stoves called shichirin and Suzu ware are the chief ceramic goods produced in the city. Also, diatomaceous earth is found almost anywhere within the city limits, and it has been used for ceramics since the Edo period.
  • Salt: salt is still manufactured traditionally with evaporation ponds, particularly through the Agehama method of artificially flooded saltpans.
  • Sake: there are several sake producers in the area, including the Sougen Sake Brewery.

More recently, Suzu has become known for its production of sawtooth oak charcoal (クヌギ炭, kunugi-zumi) for use in the Japanese tea ceremony.[9]

Education

Suzu has seven public elementary schools and four middle schools operated by the city government, and one public high school operated by the Ishikawa Prefectural Board of Education. The prefectural also operates one special education school.

Transportation

Noto Railway's Noto Line ran from Anamizu Station to Suzu's Takojima Station until April 2005, when the line was permanently closed. Today, the city does not have any passenger railway service.[10]

Highway
National Route 249

Mass Media

Newspapers
  • Hokuriku Chunichi Shimbun (Chunichi Shimbun Co.), Suzu Correspondence Division
  • Hokkoku Shimbun, Suzu Branch Office

Cable television
  • Nouetsu Cablenet

Sister city relations

Local attractions

Places

Festivals
  • Iida-machi Toroyama Festival (established by the city as an important intangible folk culture asset in 1996)
  • Houryuu Tanabata Kiriko Festival – Held on the first Saturday of August in Ukai, Houryuu-machi. A 14 meter tall kiriko is carried by a group of young people on their shoulders around the Ukai area in Houryuu-machi. Although the kiriko in Jike, Misaki-machi, is recognized as being the biggest in Japan, the kiriko used in this festival is the largest among kiriko that are carried on the shoulders. In the final stages of the festival, with fireworks in the background, the kiriko is pushed towards the sea and the participants do boisterous dance in the sea around pine torches.
  • Oku-Noto Triennale – Contemporary art festival held every three years[11]

References
  1. Official home page
  2. "珠洲市の紹介". 珠洲市. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  3. Suzu climate data
  4. 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA. Retrieved 5 March 2022.
  5. 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA. Retrieved 5 March 2022.
  6. Suzu population statistics
  7. "Suzu Salt Farm Overview". Suzu City. 22 March 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  8. 市政施行からの歴史 - 珠洲市ホームページ [History from the establishment of municipal administration]. Suzu City (in Japanese). 17 January 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  9. "珠洲を茶道炭の一大産地に　大野長一郎さん" [Making Suzu a major producer of tea ceremony charcoal: Mr. Choichiro Ohno]. Nihon Keizai Shimbun (in Japanese). Tokyo. 3 March 2021. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
  10. "のと鉄道能登線（廃止）". www.pcpulab.mydns.jp. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  11. "Oku-Noto Triennale | Art | Official Ishikawa Travel Guide - Ishikawa Travel". www.ishikawatravel.jp. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
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