Sura (river)

The Sura (Russian: Сура́, Chuvash: Сăр, Săr) is a river in Russia, a north-flowing right tributary of the Volga. Its mouth on the Volga is about half way between Nizhny Novgorod and Kazan. It flows through Penza Oblast, Mordovia, Ulyanovsk Oblast, Chuvashia and Nizhny Novgorod Oblast. It is 841 kilometres (523 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 67,500 square kilometres (26,100 sq mi).[1] It is navigable for 394 km from the mouth.[2]

Sura
The Sura in Penza
Map of the Sura River watershed
Location
CountryRussia
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • elevation301 m (988 ft)
Mouth 
 • location
Cheboksary Reservoir
 • coordinates
56°07′21″N 45°58′16″E
 • elevation
60 m (200 ft)
Length841 km (523 mi)
Basin size67,500 km2 (26,100 sq mi)
Discharge 
 • average260 m3/s (9,200 cu ft/s)
Basin features
ProgressionCheboksary Reservoir→ Volga→ Caspian Sea
Tributaries 
 • leftKadada, Uza, Alatyr, Pyana
 • rightInza, Barysh, Bezdna

The city of Penza, and smaller towns Alatyr, Shumerlya, Yadrin lie along the Sura. At the confluence with the Volga there is a settlement of Vasilsursk.

The principal affluents of the Sura are the Penza, the Pyana, and the Alatyr.

The Sura River near Alatyr.

References
  1. «Река СУРА», Russian State Water Registry
  2. "Перевод sura с санскрита на русский".

Sura is an epithet of the gods in Sanskrit, as well as a divine drink. In addition, Sura is the Hindu goddess of wine. The exact translation from Sanskrit is "God". "Su" - "having power", "Ra" - "The Supreme Lord". "Suras" - "having power from the Supreme Lord" Sura - so named two rivers, in the area of Simbirsk and in the basin of the Northern Dvina and two cities in the Arkhangelsk and Penza regions have such names.[1]


  1. Завалинка, Спроси Алену. "Санскритские (ведические) названия России и ближнего зарубежья". tunnel.ru.
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