Sunday Silence

Sunday Silence (March 25, 1986 – August 19, 2002) was an American-bred Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In 1989, he won the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness Stakes but failed to complete the Triple Crown when he was defeated in the Belmont Stakes. Nevertheless, he won the Breeders' Cup Classic and was voted American Champion Three-Year-Old Colt and American Horse of the Year that same year. Sunday Silence's racing career was marked by his rivalry with Easy Goer, whom he had a three to one edge over in their head-to-head races.[2] Easy Goer, the 1988 American Champion Two-Year-Old Colt finished second to Sunday Silence in the Kentucky Derby the Preakness, and the Breeders' Cup Classic. However, Easy Goer prevailed by eight lengths in the Belmont denying Sunday Silence the Triple Crown. Both horses were later voted into the American Hall of Fame.

Sunday Silence
Sunday Silence at Shadai Stallion Station, Hayakita(Abira) Hokkaido Japan.
Sunday Silence at Shadai Stallion Station Hayakita(Abira), Hokkaido, Japan.
SireHalo
GrandsireHail To Reason
DamWishing Well
DamsireUnderstanding
SexStallion
FoaledMarch 25, 1986
Paris, Kentucky, U.S.
DiedAugust 19, 2002(2002-08-19) (aged 16)
Abira, Hokkaido, Japan
CountryUnited States
ColorBlack/Brown
BreederOak Cliff Thoroughbreds, Ltd.
OwnerH-G-W Partners
Racing colors: Gray, yellow sash, sleeves and cap
TrainerCharlie Whittingham
Record14: 9–5–0
Earnings$4,968,554[1]
Major wins
Santa Anita Derby (1989)
San Felipe Stakes (1989)
Super Derby (1989)
Californian Stakes (1990)
American Triple Crown wins:
Kentucky Derby (1989)
Preakness Stakes (1989)
Breeders' Cup wins:
Breeders' Cup Classic (1989)
Awards
U.S. Champion 3-Year-Old Colt (1989)
United States Horse of the Year (1989)
Leading broodmare sire in North America
(2016, 2019)
Honors
United States Racing Hall of Fame (1996)
#31 – Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century
Sunday Silence Stakes in Louisiana Downs
Leading sire in Japan 1995 through 2007
Last updated on January 12, 2008

After his retirement from racing, Sunday Silence attracted little support by breeders in the United States and was exported to Japan. He was the Leading Sire in Japan on thirteen occasions, surpassing the previous record of ten titles by Northern Taste. Although the relatively insular nature of Japanese racing at the time meant that Sunday Silence's success was initially restricted to his home territory, his descendants have in recent years won major races in Australia, France, the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, the United States and Dubai.[3] Blood-Horse pedigree expert Anne Peters speculated, "Had Sunday Silence retired in Kentucky, it's almost certain he would have tanked commercially and been exported in disgrace, but he found his perfect gene pool and thrived instead."[4] He would later be the leading broodmare sire in North America in 2016.

In the Blood-Horse magazine List of the Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century, Sunday Silence was ranked #31.

Early years

Sunday Silence was foaled on March 25, 1986 at Stone Farm in Paris, Kentucky.[5] He was sired by Halo out of Wishing Well by Understanding. Though he was registered as a dark bay/brown, he was in fact a true black.

He was bred by Oak Cliff Thoroughbreds, Ltd. and escaped death twice: first as a weanling when he nearly died from a freak virus;[6] and later at age two, traveling in a van when the driver experienced a heart attack and the van flipped over.[7] He was passed over twice at the sales ring as a yearling before he was sold in California for $50,000 as a two-year-old in training. Arthur B. Hancock III bought him as a "buy-back" (he had bred him), hoping to ship him to Kentucky. However, the van accident kept Sunday Silence in California. Hall of Fame trainer Charlie Whittingham bought a half share of the colt and then sold half of that to Ernest Gaillard. (Ownership designate: H-G-W Partners.)[8]

Ownership

H-G-W Partners (Hancock-Gaillard-Whittingham) represents the names of the three partners who owned the horse.The three partners were:

  1. Arthur B. Hancock III (b. 1943) - 50% partner, who is a horse breeder and the owner of Stone Farm near Paris, Kentucky.
  2. Charlie Whittingham (1913–1999) - 25% partner, who was the horse's Hall of Fame trainer;
  3. Ernest Gaillard (1913–2004) - 25% partner, who was a 1938 graduate of the University of Louisville and active in the organizing of the Kentucky Derby, and a medical doctor with the Eighth Army Air Forces during World War II.

Racing record

1988: two-year-old season

Although Sunday Silence showed ability, he didn't make it to the races until late in his two-year-old season, finishing second in a maiden race, then winning a maiden special weight race and finishing second in an allowance race from three starts.

1989: three-year-old season

Sunday Silence began his three-year-old year by winning an allowance race at Santa Anita by four lengths which opened the door of Kentucky Derby potential. His next race was a victory in the Grade 2 San Felipe Stakes, and then he won the G1 Santa Anita Derby by eleven lengths to qualify for a start in the Kentucky Derby.

Kentucky Derby

In what became an iconic rivalry, Sunday Silence and Easy Goer would only meet four times, the first of which was the 1989 Kentucky Derby on May 6. In the buildup to the 1989 Triple Crown, the rivalry developed between the West Coast-based Sunday Silence and the East Coast-based Easy Goer, winner of the 1988 Eclipse Award for Champion Two Year Old Colt. Easy Goer was coming in off of a victory in the Wood Memorial and a record breaking performance in the Gotham Stakes. Unknown to the public however, Easy Goer had a small crack in his left front.[9] The favorite was Easy Goer, with Sunday Silence as the 3-1 second choice.

Kentucky Derby day was a cold one at 44°, the coldest in 72 years, with rain creating a slow muddy track.[10] After stalking the pace and making his move around the turn, Sunday Silence and jockey Pat Valenzuela defeated Easy Goer by 2+1⁄2 lengths, in the slowest time (2:05) for a Kentucky Derby since 1958.[11] Sunday Silence ducked in and out sharply throughout the stretch run, with his jockey switching from left and right handed urging trying to keep him running straight. Even with ducking in and out, the champion Easy Goer was unable to make up ground. Daily Racing Form writer Dan Illman stated after Sunday Silence's victory that "the best horse won that afternoon."[12] Daily Racing Form chairman Steve Crist stated his opinion that "Easy Goer had a legitimate explanation for his defeat, as he didn't handle the muddy Churchill track."[13]

Preakness Stakes

While both horses were preparing for the 1+3⁄16-mile Preakness two weeks after the Derby, each had minor ailments. Sunday Silence came up lame after a gallop seven days before the race. Trainer Whittingham contacted well-known Kentucky veterinarian Alex Harthill, who diagnosed a bruise under the sole, a common injury that "wasn't a serious problem but it had happened at a serious time." Harthill had Sunday Silence step on a clean sheet of white paper which was subsequently faxed to Ric Redden of Lexington, Kentucky, and from which Redden prepared a set of aluminum bar shoes. Redden and his assistant then flew via rented jet to Baltimore with the bar shoes and X-ray machine to confirm that no fracture was involved. After the shoes were fitted, Sunday Silence resumed training four days before the race. After his connections saw the colt's "remarkably" rapid recovery from the injury, the bar shoes were removed the day before the race.[12][14] With all the uncertanty over Sunday Silence's soundness, he would go on to be second choice once again to Easy Goer at 2-1.

Meanwhile, unknown to the public at his rival's stable, throughout Preakness week (as late as Friday, the day before the race), Easy Goer's front feet were being soaked in tubs of Epsom salts due to small scratches or cracks on both heels. An ultrasound was also performed on his ankles and knees. Some wondered if these ailments could compromise the chances of both horses.[15] Easy Goer had "problematic, puffy" ankles that he dealt with throughout his career.

The 1989 Preakness Stakes on May 20 is one that continues to live in racing lore as one of the best races ever run, and one of the most iconic stretch duels. It was added into Horse Racing's Top 100 Moments, placing at #70. Easy Goer broke slow, and Sunday Silence was bumped at the start, then the pair settled into their sports. After three-quarters of a mile, Day guided Easy Goer to the front where Sunday Silence dug in and went with him. The legendary stretch duel was fought the entire length of the stretch, with neither Sunday Silence or Easy Goer giving an inch. Sunday Silence prevailed in the photo finish, with a finishing time of 1:53 4/5, the third fastest Preakness at the time.[16][17]

Some Easy Goer loyalists in the media maintained their horse's superiority, attributing the loss to the fact that Easy Goer had leapt in the air at the start and his jockey, Pat Day, reined Easy Goer's head to the right when he had a short lead in the home stretch. Day, who lodged a failed objection against Valenzuela, has called his ride "a mistake."[18]

Belmont Stakes

In 1989, New York was the only state in America that banned all race-day drugs and medications, including the now-commonly used medication Lasix. [19][20][21] In the three weeks between the Preakness and Belmont, Whittingham was angered that the controversial veterinarian Alex Harthill, who treated Sunday Silence earlier for the Kentucky Derby and Preakness, was not licensed in New York and prohibited from practicing.[22][23] The day before the 1+1⁄2-mile Belmont Stakes, Sunday Silence, with exercise rider Pam Mabes up, was spooked and kicked trainer Whittingham in the temple, a glancing blow that came close to killing the trainer.[24]

Belmont Park received several inches of rain in the days leading up to the race,[25] but by race day on June 10 the track was rated fast with Sunday Silence this time the 4/5 post time favorite, and the entry of Easy Goer and Awe Inspiring at 8/5.[26] While initially planning on going to the lead, Sunday Silence settled into second behind the longshot French colt Le Voyageur. Easy Goer was never too far behind either. When Sunday Silence made his move on the turn, Easy Goer made a faster one and swept to the front. Easy Goer defeated Sunday Silence by eight lengths in the time of 2:26, producing the second-fastest Belmont Stakes in history, behind only Secretariat, and denied Sunday Silence the Triple Crown, and thus a $5M bonus.[27][28][29] However, by virtue of his two Classic wins and his runner-up performance, Sunday Silence was awarded the third $1,000,000 Visa Triple Crown Bonus for best three-year-old in the series.

Breeders' Cup Classic

After the Belmont Stakes, the pair went their separate ways with Sunday Silence returning to California where he finished second to eventual Breeders' Cup Turf winner Prized in the Grade II 1+1⁄4-mile Swaps Stakes at Hollywood Park on July 23.[30] From there he went to Louisiana Downs where he won the Grade I Super Derby on September 24, giving him six weeks' rest going into the Breeder's Cup Classic. Over in New York, Easy Goer won 4 successive Grade I stakes after the Belmont... the Whitney Handicap, Travers Stakes, Woodward Stakes, and the Jockey Club Gold Cup, giving him 27 days' rest going into the Classic.

This set up one final face-off between the rivals at the season-ending $3 million 1+1⁄4-mile Breeders' Cup Classic at Gulfstream Park, on November 4. The contest was expected to decide the winner of the Eclipse Award for Horse of the Year.[31] Sunday Silence's jockey Pat Valenzuela had earlier been suspended for cocaine use and was replaced by Hall of Fame rider Chris McCarron. Sunday Silence was the post time 2/1 second choice behind Easy Goer at 1/2.

The race started as usual for Sunday Silence who settled five lengths behind the leader, but Easy Goer broke slow and was 11 lengths from the front for much of the race. On the backstretch, Sunday Silence inched closer to the lead with Easy Goer noticeably and suddenly getting into stride with three quarters of a mile to go, with track announcer Tom Durkin commenting during the race "he is five lengths behind Sunday Silence and now he's beginning to roll!" and near the half mile pole he continued, "Sunday Silence bracing for the oncoming power of Easy Goer, whose right at his neck!" On the turn however, Sunday Silence continued to gain on the leader, leaving Easy Goer behind. Sunday Silence took control with about an eighth of a mile to go, with Easy Goer three lengths behind. Jockey Chris McCarron continued with a hand ride, and was able to withstand a strong late charge by Easy Goer to win the Classic by a neck. The victory solidified a 3-1 advantage in Sunday Silence's favor.[32]

At this point, Sunday Silence had earned what was then a single-season record $4.59 million[33][34][35][36][37] and won seven times in nine starts for the 1989 campaign, earning him Eclipse Award for Outstanding 3-Year-Old Male Horse and Horse of the Year honors. For the latter award, Sunday Silence received 223 of 242 votes, making him the most decisive winner since John Henry eight years earlier.[38] Even with the championship honors, debate continues decades after their careers on who was the better horse.

1990: four-year-old season

At the age of four, Sunday Silence won the Californian and placed second in the Hollywood Gold Cup behind Criminal Type.[39] He suffered an injured ligament that eventually led to his retirement.[40] Out of 14 career races, he won nine and placed second in the other five.

Accomplishments

In 1996, Sunday Silence was inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame.[41] He was ranked #31 in the Bloodhorse Top 100 Horses of the 20th Century, while Easy Goer ranked #34. Blood-Horse stated that its rankings "will generate debate for years to come."[42] The electoral friction was ultimately reflected in the introduction to the Blood-Horse's "Top 100 Racehorses" book, which said, "For all the work and dreaming that went into it... one approaches the list... with a nagging sense of its folly as a rational exercise and of the maddening arbitrariness of its outcome. However, one views this list of horses, whether in peace and contentment—or shock and dismay—all such judgments, of course, are entirely subjective, a mixture of whim, wisdom, and whatever prejudices howl through the back of the mind."[43]

Since the Breeders’ Cup Classic was instituted in 1984, Alysheba and Sunday Silence were the only two horses to win three legs of a four-race sequence that was defined in 2015 as the Grand Slam of Thoroughbred racing: The Triple Crown races, plus the Breeders' Cup Classic, and Sunday Silence was the first horse to win three legs of the modern Grand Slam in the same year. As the Breeders' Cup began after the 1978 Triple Crown win of Affirmed, the potential for a sweep of all four races only became possible in 1984, and did not occur until 2015 when American Pharoah won the Triple Crown and eventually the Grand Slam.[44]

Stud record
Agnes Tachyon

Sunday Silence was sold to Japanese breeder Zenya Yoshida,[45] to stand at his Shadai Stallion Station in Shiraoi, Hokkaido. Yoshida had acquired a 25% interest in Sunday Silence early in his 4-year-old season and bought out the other partners for $7.5 million in 1991.[46]

Sunday Silence flourished in Japan and became their leading sire from 1995 through 2008,[45] taking over from Northern Taste (ten-time leading sire in Japan). He was particularly successful with daughters from the Northern Dancer sire line.[46] However, breeders were generally not successful expanding his influence outside of Japan.[45] His progeny have won many races in Japan, including 20 out of 22 JRA Grade 1 flat races (the only exceptions are the NHK Mile Cup and the Japan Cup Dirt). His progeny also have won International Grade 1 race including the Hong Kong Vase, Hong Kong Mile and Dubai Sheema Classic.

Descendants of Sunday Silence have broken many earnings records, in part because he was active at the start of the "big crop" era (siring about 2000 foals) and also because the average purses in Japan are significantly higher than the rest of the world. Conservative estimates on the earnings of Sunday Silence descendants place the total near JPY 80 billion (approximately $730 million according to Equibase).[47]

He was also the leading broodmare sire in North America in 2016 with Japanese racehorse Lani’s entry in the Kentucky Derby that year with a Grade II win in Dubai, followed by off the board finishes in the Derby and Preakness, and a third-place finish in the Belmont. [48] Once qualified to appear on the broodmare sire list, Sunday Silence then got enhancements from his Japanese runners, where there is a substantial disproportion between North American purses and the significantly higher purses in Japan.

Major winners

c = colt, f = filly

Major winners
Foaled Name Sex Major Wins
1992 Fuji Kiseki c Asahi Hai Futurity Stakes
1992 Genuine c Satsuki Shō, Mile Championship
1992 Dance Partner f Yūshun Himba, Queen Elizabeth II Cup
1992 Tayasu Tsuyoshi c Tokyo Yūshun
1993 Bubble Gum Fellow c Asahi Hai Futurity Stakes, Tennō Shō
1993 Dance in the Dark c Kikuka Shō
1994 Silence Suzuka c Takarazuka Kinen
1994 Stay Gold c Hong Kong Vase, Dubai Sheema Classic
1995 Special Week c Tokyo Yūshun, Japan Cup, Tennō Shō
1996 Admire Vega c Tokyo Yūshun
1996 To the Victory f Queen Elizabeth II Cup
1997 Agnes Flight c Tokyo Yūshun
1997 Air Shakur c Satsuki Shō, Kikuka Shō
1998 Agnes Tachyon c Satsuki Shō
1998 Believe f Sprinters Stakes, Takamatsunomiya Kinen
1998 Manhattan Cafe c Kikuka Shō, Arima Kinen, Tennō Shō
1999 Durandal c Mile Championship, Sprinters Stakes
1999 Gold Allure c February Stakes
2000 Neo Universe c Satsuki Shō, Tokyo Yūshun
2000 Still in Love f Oka Shō, Yūshun Himba, Shūka Shō
2000 Zenno Rob Roy c Japan Cup, Arima Kinen, Tennō Shō
2001 Daiwa Major c Mile Championship, Yasuda Kinen, Satsuki Shō, Tennō Shō
2001 Dance in the Mood f Oka Shō
2001 Hat Trick c Mile Championship, Hong Kong Mile
2001 Heart's Cry c Dubai Sheema Classic, Arima Kinen
2001 Suzuka Mambo c Tennō Shō
2002 Deep Impact c Japanese Triple Crown (Satsuki Shō, Tokyo Yūshun, Kikuka Shō), Japan Cup, Arima Kinen, Takarazuka Kinen, Tennō Shō
2003 Matsurida Gogh c Arima Kinen

Sire of sires
Deep Impact winning Kikuka Sho 2005 on October 23.

Many of Sunday Silence's sons have gone on to become successful breeding stallions, with at least seventeen of them siring Group or Grade I winners. These include:

In addition to his sons, his daughter Sun is Up was the dam of 2014 Breeders' Cup Mile winner Karakontie.[49] When Blood-Horse magazine started to include Japanese earnings in their stallion rankings in 2016, Sunday Silence was the leading broodmare sire of the year.[50] In 2022, Gendarme (a grandson of Sunday Silence through his daughter Believe) won the G1 Sprinters Stakes, the same race his dam won in 2002.[51]

Death

Sunday Silence died on August 19, 2002. He had been treated for laminitis for the previous 14 weeks and had developed an infection in one leg as well. He had been given a stronger dose of a different painkilling medication the previous day to provide him relief, and apparently as a result, he had become comfortable enough to lie down for the first time in a week. The following morning, he appeared unable to rise, and while veterinarians were discussing what to do, he died, apparently of heart failure.[52]

Pedigree
Pedigree of Sunday Silence (USA), brown or black stallion, 1986[53]
Sire
Halo
black 1969		 Hail To Reason
brown 1958		 Turn-To (IRE)
bay 1951		 Royal Charger (GB)
Source Sucree (FR)
Nothirdchance
bay 1948		 Blue Swords
Galla Colors
Cosmah
brown 1953		 Cosmic Bomb
dark brown 1944		 Pharamond (GB)
Banish Fear
Almahmoud
chestnut 1947		 Mahmoud (FR)
Arbitrator
Dam
Wishing Well
brown 1975		 Understanding
chestnut 1963		 Promised Land
gray 1954		 Palestinian
Mahmoudess
Pretty Ways
brown 1953		 Stymie
Pretty Jo
Mountain Flower
bay 1964		 Montparnasse (ARG)
brown 1956		 Gulf Stream (GB)
Mignon (ARG)
Edelweiss
bay 1959		 Hillary
Dowager (Family: 3-e)

Pop culture

In the horse racing game Derby Owners Club, Sunday Silence is one of the sires available to breed in the game. He is also pictured on one of the official game cards.

See also

References
  1. "National Museum of Racing, Hall of Fame, Thoroughbred Horses". Racingmuseum.org. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
  2. Richard Sowers (2014-02-07). The Kentucky Derby, Preakness and Belmont Stakes: A Comprehensive History. MacFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 9780786476985. Retrieved June 6, 2015.
  3. "Leading Sires of Japan". Tbheritage.com. Retrieved 2012-12-28.
  4. Peters, Anne (May 29, 2013). "Pedigree: Kentucky Derby Winners as Sires". The Blood-Horse.
  5. "Sunday Silence: A Fighter 'Til The End". Horse Network. March 25, 2016. Retrieved August 23, 2020.
  6. "History/Tributes". Stone Farm. Retrieved 2013-04-20.
  7. "Sunday Silence roars in '89 Derby". ESPN. 2011-05-03. Retrieved 2013-04-20.
  8. "From unwanted colt to racing immortality". Thoroughbred Times. 2002-08-31. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
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  10. Nack, William (15 May 1989). "A Sunday Stroll". Sports Illustrated.
  11. "The Kentucky Derby – Sunday Silence Is Golden Despite the Mud – California Colt Defeats Easy Goer". Retrieved 2013-04-21.
  12. "Sunday Silence, Derby talk". Daily Racing Form. 2008-04-09. Retrieved 2013-04-20.
  13. "Closing the Chapter on Easy Goer". Retrieved 2013-04-21.
  14. "Sunday Silence Iffy for Preakness". The Philadelphia Inquirer. 1989-05-15. Retrieved 2013-04-20.
  15. "Looking For Word To Whys Will Easy Goer Have Answers?". Retrieved 2013-04-21.
  16. Demmie, Stathoplos (29 May 1989). "Nose to Nose". Sports Illustrated.
  17. "Sunday Silence Wins Preakness by Nose". The New York Times. 1989-05-21. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
  18. "Day finally steers Easy Goer right". Retrieved 2013-04-21.
  19. Christine, Bill (August 3, 1989). "Horse Racing : King Glorious to Skip Travers, and Easy Goer". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 6, 2016.
  20. Christine, Bill (June 15, 1989). "Horse Racing / Bill Christine : Hawkster Wins the Triple Crown of Mediocrity". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 6, 2016.
  21. Christine, Bill (June 6, 1990). "Lasix Debate Steals Belmont Spotlight : Horse racing: New York prohibits use of the diuretic to treat horses, in effect keeping bleeders such as Summer Squall away". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 6, 2016.
  22. Perrone, Vinnie (June 11, 1989). "New York Still Bars Harthill". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 6, 2016.
  23. Crist, Steven (June 9, 1989). "Belmont Stakes – The Big Two Will Go Head to Head at the Start". The New York Times. Retrieved July 6, 2016.
  24. "Sunday Silence makes kick early". Associated Press. 1989-06-10. Retrieved 2013-04-20.
  25. "Belmont Stakes – A Wet Track Could Dampen Bid for Crown". The New York Times. 1989-06-10. Retrieved 2013-04-20.
  26. "The Belmont Stakes (G1)". belmontstakes.com. 2012-06-09. Archived from the original on 2011-07-07. Retrieved 2013-04-20.
  27. "Belmont Stakes – An Appropriate Reaction From Whittingham: Silence". The New York Times. 1989-06-11. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
  28. "Easy Goer Finally Beats Sunday Silence". The New York Times. 1989-06-11. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
  29. Beyer, Andrew (11 June 1989). "Easy Goer Makes Hay With 8-Length Belmont Win". The Washington Post.
  30. "Sunday Silence Surprised By Prized In Swaps Stakes - Philly.com". Articles.philly.com. 1989-07-24. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
  31. "Best vs. Best, Not East vs. West". The New York Times. 1989-10-29. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
  32. "Daily Racing Form Chart of 1989 Breeder's Cup Classic". Daily Racing Form. 1989-11-04. Archived from the original on 2013-06-27. Retrieved 2013-04-20.
  33. "Sunday Silence does the expected". The New York Times. 1990-01-30. Retrieved 2013-04-17.
  34. "His big heart stops". Daily Racing Form. 2011-09-16. Retrieved 2013-04-17.
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  37. "Horse Racing Statistics | Race Stats | Thoroughbred Racing Statistics". Equibase.com. Retrieved 2013-05-03.
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  39. "Criminal Type Beats Sunday Silence". The New York Times. 1990-06-25. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
  40. "Sunday Silence Joins Easy Goer In Retirement After Leg Injury". The New York Times. 1990-08-03. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
  41. "National Museum of Racing, Hall of Fame, Thoroughbred Horses". Racingmuseum.org. Archived from the original on 2010-11-23. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
  42. Horse Racing's Top 100 Moments. Blood-Horse Publications. Retrieved 2013-04-21.
  43. Thoroughbred Champions: Top 100 Racehorse of the 20th Century. Blood-Horse Publications. 1999. ISBN 9781581500240. Retrieved 2013-04-21.
  44. "Odds open for Pharoah's 'Grand Slam' attempt". The Courier-Journal.
  45. Hickman, Janet (December 7, 2015). "Eleven stallions who made it big after getting a second chance". Thoroughbred Racing Commentary. Retrieved October 24, 2016.
  46. "Sunday Silence". American Classic Pedigrees. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
  47. "JBIS-Search Result (in Japanese)". Jbis.or.jp. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
  48. Sunday Silence Dominates Broodmare Sires
  49. "Japan-Bred Karakontie Scores Mile Win". The Blood-Horse.
  50. "Sunday Silence Dominates Broodmare Sires". BloodHorse.com. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
  51. Kieckhefer, Bob (2022-10-02). "Gendarme Scores the Upset in Japan's Sprinters Stakes". www.bloodhorse.com. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
  52. "Derby Winner, Top Japanese Sire Sunday Silence Dies". The Blood-Horse.
  53. "Classic Winner: Sunday Silence". Chef-de-race.com. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
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