Static apnea

Static apnea (STA) is a discipline in which a person holds their breath (apnea) underwater for as long as possible, and need not swim any distance.[1] Static apnea is defined by the International Association for Development of Apnea (AIDA International) and is distinguished from the Guinness World Record for breath holding underwater, which allows the use of oxygen in preparation. It requires that the respiratory tract be immersed, with the body either in the water or at the surface, and may be performed in a pool or open water (sea, lake, river, etc.). Static apnea is the only AIDA International discipline measuring duration, and one of the three disciplines considered for the international competitions by team, with constant weight and dynamic with fins.

A diver performing static apnea face down in a pool, with the support of a partner (left)

Beta blockers (doping in sport of freediving; prolong every type of apnea by reducing heart rate, blood pressure and cardiac output) can prolong static apnea for up to 20%.[2]

All time list

Men
DurationNameDateLocationAccreditation
11:54[3]Branko Petrović7 October 2014Dubai, UAEGuinness *
11:35[4]Stéphane Mifsud8 June 2009La Crau, FranceAIDA
10:31Florian Dagoury13 March 2020Koh Tao, ThailandAIDA
10:12Tom Sietas7 June 2008Athens, Greece
10:07Aleix Segura19 June 2015Belgrade, SerbiaAIDA
10:03.96[5]Mateusz Malina26 March 2018Dubai, UAE12th Fazza competition
09:58.66[6]Goran Čolak **16 June 2017Cagliari, ItalyCMAS

* Branko Petrović also has 10:45.0 under CMAS (2017., Subotica, Serbia) and 10:23 under AIDA.
** Goran Čolak also has 11:06.14 and 10:19 under special rules at 12th and 11th Fazza freediving competition respectively, in Dubai, UAE.[7][8]

Women
DurationNameDateLocationAccreditation
09:02Natalia Molchanova21 June 2013AIDA
08:53Veronika Dittes15 June 2017CMAS
08:33Gabriela Grézlová28 July 2015CMAS
08:01Jessea Wenjie Lu27 August 2016AIDA

With pure oxygen – record progression

There is a variation of the static apnea discipline where it's possible to breathe 100% oxygen for up to 30 minutes prior to the breathhold. This is not part of formal competitions, but is occasionally used to set individual records.

Duration (minutes)NameDateLocationAccreditation
24:37 Budimir Šobat 27 March 2021 Sisak, Croatia Guinness[9][10]
24:03 Sajim islam ove 28 February 2016 Barcelona, Spain Guinness
23:09Aleix Segura16 February 2016Barcelona, SpainGuinness
23:01Goran Čolak20 June 2014Vir, CroatiaGuinness
22:30Goran Čolak29 September 2013Zagreb, CroatiaGuinness
22:22Tom Sietas30 May 2012Changsha, ChinaGuinness
22:00Stig Severinsen3 May 2012London, United Kingdom
21:33Peter Colat17 September 2011Ebikon, SwitzerlandGuinness
20:21Ricardo Bahia16 September 2010Rio de Janeiro, BrazilGuinness
20:10Stig Severinsen1 April 2010Kattegatcentret, DenmarkGuinness
19:21Peter Colat14 Feb 2010St. Gallen, SwitzerlandGuinness
19:02Nicola Putignano21 May 2009Milano, ItalyGuinness
W 18:32Karol Meyer10 July 2009Florianópolis, BrasilGuinness
18:03Gianluca Genoni26 November 2008Italy
17:19Tom Sietas19 September 2008New York City, United StatesGuinness
17:04David Blaine30 April 2008Chicago, United StatesGuinness
16:32Peter Colat10 February 2008St. Gallen, SwitzerlandAIDA
16:13Tom Sietas23 February 2008Madrid, SpainGuinness
16:04Peter Colat10 February 2007St. Gallen, SwitzerlandAIDA
14:12Tom Sietas5 January 2006Milano, ItalyGuinness
13:05Bill Strömberg3 October 2004Lausanne, SwitzerlandAIDA
12:47Giancarlo Bellingrath15 June 2003Naples, Italy
12:34Gianluca Genoni11 May 2002Busto Arsizio, Italy

See also

References
  1. McKie, N (2004). "Freediving in cyberspace". Journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society. 34: 101–3. Archived from the original on October 5, 2013. Retrieved 2013-10-05.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  2. "Granice maksimalne izvedbe u ronjenju na dah". Podvodni.hr (in Croatian). Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  3. "New World Record Static apnea (STA)". Freedive Earth.
  4. "Shark Freediving » Stephane Mifsud 11:35 Static!". freediving.shark.nu. Archived from the original on 2010-05-28.
  5. "Veljano Zanki 3.mjesto na Fazza Freediving 2018 | Ronilački klub "Split"". www.rksplit.hr. 26 March 2018. Archived from the original on 2018-08-26. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  6. "EP: Goran Čolak srušio svjetski rekord i osvojio dvije zlatne medalje!". 16 June 2017.
  7. "Croatian Diver Goran Čolak Wins in Dubai".
  8. "gulftoday.ae | Colak sets new record at Fazza Freediving C'ship". gulftoday.ae. Archived from the original on 2018-08-26. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  9. "Longest time breath held voluntarily (male)". 27 March 2021.
  10. "Croatian diver sets Guinness World Record by holding breath underwater for 24 minutes 33 seconds". 31 March 2021.
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