Sirius (synchrotron light source)

Sirius is a diffraction-limited storage ring synchrotron light source at the Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. It has a circumference of 518.4 metres (1,701 ft), a diameter of 165 metres (541 ft), and an electron energy of 3 GeV. The produced synchrotron radiation covers the range of infrared, optical, ultraviolet and X-ray light.[1]

Sirius
Sirius synchrotron lightsource building completed in November 2018
General properties
Accelerator typediffraction-limited storage ring
Beam properties
Maximum energy3 GeV
Maximum current350 mA (currently 100 mA in top-up mode)
Physical properties
Circumference518,4 m
LocationCampinas
Coordinates22°48′28″S 47°03′09″W
InstitutionLaboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron
Preceded byUVX

Costing R$1.8 billion,[2] it was funded by the Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication (Brazil) and the São Paulo Research Foundation.[1] Discussion started in 2008, and initial funding of R$2 million was granted in 2009. Construction started in 2015,[2] and was finished in 2018. The first electron loop around the storage ring was achieved in November 2019.[3] Its first experiments were made during COVID-19 pandemic at MANACÁ beamline, dedicated to macromolecular crystallography.[4]

Sirius is the second synchrotron lightsource constructed in Brazil. The first one, UVX, was a second generation machine operated by LNLS from 1997 to 2019.[5]

Main Entrance.

Characteristics

Sirius is used to understand the atomic structure of substances, which can help in the development of new drugs, new materials used in construction, oil exploration and in many other areas. The 68,000-square-meter building houses a ring-shaped, circumferential 500-meter facility. To protect people from the radiation released by machine operation, designed to be the most advanced of its kind in the world, the whole is shielded by 1 kilometer of concrete walls. Around R$1.8 billion were invested in the project, which makes it the most ambitious scientific project ever made in Brazil.

Beamlines

Currently, Sirius has 9 operational beamlines, 1 in scientific commissioning, 2 in the assembly phase and 1 the design phase.[6]

Beamline Main Technique Energy Range Status
CARNAÚBA[7] X-Ray Nanoscopy 2.05 - 15 keV Operational
CATERETÊ[8] Coherent and Time-resolsed X-ray Scattering 3 - 24 keV Operational
CEDRO[9] Circular Dichroism 3 - 9 eV Operational
EMA[10] X-ray Spectroscopy and Diffraction in Extreme Conditions 2.7 - 30 keV Operational
IMBUIA[11] Infrared Micro and Nanospectroscopy 70 meV - 400 meV Operational
IPÊ[12] Resonant Inelastic X-ray scattering and Photoelectron spectroscopy 100 - 2000 eV Operational
JATOBÁ[13] Full X-ray Scattering and PDF Analysis 40 - 70 keV Design
MANACÁ[14] Macromolecular Micro and Nanocrystallography 5 - 20 keV Operational
MOGNO[15] X-ray Micro- and Nanotomography 22 | 39 | 67.5 keV Operation
PAINEIRA[16] Powder X-ray Diffraction 5 - 30 keV Operational
QUATI[17] X-ray Spectroscopy with Temporal Resolution 4.5 - 35 keV Assembly
SABIÁ[18] Soft X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Imaging 100 - 2000 eV Operational
SAPÊ[19] Angle-Resolved PhotoEmission Spectroscopy 8 - 70 eV Commissioning
SAPUCAIA[20] Small Angle X-ray Scattering 6 - 17 keV Assembly

References
  1. "Novo acelerador de partículas será inaugurado em 2018, em Campinas". Folha de S.Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 19 January 2015.
  2. "[revista piauí] A aposta do superacelerador". revista piauí (in Brazilian Portuguese). 14 August 2017.
  3. "First electron loop around Sirius' storage ring". LNLS. 25 November 2019. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  4. "First experiments are carried out on Sirius". LNLS. 7 November 2020.
  5. "UVX Synchrotron Light Source – LNLS". lnls.cnpem.br.
  6. "Sirius Beamlines". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  7. "Carnaúba Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  8. "Cateretê Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  9. "Cedro Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  10. "Ema Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  11. "Imbuia Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  12. "Ipê Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  13. "Jatobá Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  14. "Manacá Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  15. "Mogno Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  16. "Paineira Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  17. "Quati Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  18. "Sabiá Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  19. "Sapê Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.
  20. "Sapucaia Beamline". LNLS. 31 July 2023.


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