Sierra de Perijá National Park

Sierra de Perijá National Park, also known as Perijá National Park, is a protected area in Venezuela. It is located in the Serranía de Perijá mountains on the border with Colombia,[1] to the southwest of Zulia state and Lake Maracaibo. The park was established in 1978 with the objective of protecting the hilly regions.[2]

Sierra de Perijá National Park
Perijá National Park
Perijá National Park
Map showing the location of Sierra de Perijá National Park Perijá National Park
Map showing the location of Sierra de Perijá National Park Perijá National Park
Location in Venezuela
LocationVenezuela
Nearest cityMaracaibo
Coordinates9°32′0″N 73°0′0″W
Area295,288 hectares (729,670 acres)
Established1978
Governing bodyInstituto Nacional de Parques(INPARQUES)
’’National Park Institute’’

Geography
A river in the park.

Sierra de Perijá National Park is situated in the Perija and Colon municipalities of Zulia State. The park is accessible by road from Maracaibo.[1]

The park includes a portion of the Serranía de Perijá mountains,[3] which rises above the southwestern area of Lake Maracaibo, a large brackish bay connected to the Gulf of Venezuela. The highest elevation is Pico Tétar at 3,500 metres (11,500 ft).[1] It covers an area of 295,288 hectares (729,670 acres).[4]

Flora and fauna
Forested area

The vegetation in the park consists mainly of rainforest, cloud forests, highland moors and sub-alpine and alpine tundra.[1] Some typical trees include Anacardium excelsum, wax palms Ceroxylon, Cecropia, Gyranthera caribensis, Tabebuia chrysantha, T. billbergii, T. chrysea and Podocarpus oleifolius and there are many herbs, flowering plants and bromeliads.[5][6]

The wildlife in the park includes spectacled bear, as well as capuchin and howler monkeys.[1] Dolphins in Lake Maracaibo are proposed to be brought under a protection programme through the South American River Dolphin Protected Area Network.[2]

Birds may include parrot species such as the endangered military macaw (Ara militaris).[7] An endangered bird species found in the park is the Perija metaltail hummingbird (Metallura iracunda).[8] It is also the habitat for another hummingbird, Coeligena consita, an endemic species of the Sierra de Perijá found on its southern slopes.[9] A newly discovered species of tapaculo found in the park is the Perijá tapaculo (Scytalopus perijanus) which was first described in 2015.[10]

Threats

Uncontrolled fires and deforestation are major threats to the natural ecosystems in the park.[11]

References
  1. "Perijá". think-venezuela.net. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
  2. Hoyt 2012, p. 240.
  3. Dallmeier & Cringan 1989, p. 300.
  4. "National Parks of Venezuela". World Institute for Conservation & Environment. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
  5. IUCN Directory of Neotropical Protected Areas. IUCN. 1982. pp. 381–. ISBN 978-0-907567-62-2.
  6. Soto Villalobos, José Alberto; Ferrer-Paris, José R.; Sanchez-Mercado, Ada; Grande, Jose Ramón; Cardozo-Urdaneta, Arlene; Vargas, Thayma (2016). "Sinopsis del género Tabebuia s.l. (Angiospermae: Bignoniaceae) en el estado Zulia, Venezuela". Figshare. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.3081088.v1. Retrieved 2 July 2016.
  7. "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Two Foreign Macaw Species". Federal Register: Daily Journal of the United States Government. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
  8. "EN:Perija Metaltail Metallura iracunda". Birdlife International. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
  9. "VU:Perija Starfrontlet Coeligena consita". Birdlife International. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
  10. "Perijá Tapaculo: New Bird Species Discovered in Colombia, Venezuela". Sci-News.com. 12 March 2015. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
  11. Ferrer-Paris, José R. (2016). "Ubicación de los Incendios en la Sierra de Perijá, estado Zulia Venezuela, entre enero 2015 y marzo 2016". Figshare. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.3116761. Retrieved 2 July 2016.

Bibliography
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