San Miguel de Velasco

San Miguel de Velasco (Spanish: [ˈsaŋ miˈɣel de βeˈlasko], Migueleño Chiquitano: [samĩˈj̃ɛːɾɛ̥]) or simply San Miguel is a town in the Santa Cruz Department, Bolivia. It is the capital of San Miguel Municipality, the second municipal section of José Miguel de Velasco Province. It is known as part of the Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos, which was declared a World Heritage Site in 1990,[1] as a former Jesuit Reduction. The wood and adobe church has an elaborate interior.

San Miguel de Velasco
Samiñéere (Migueleño Chiquitano)
Mission church of San Miguel de Velasco
Mission church of San Miguel de Velasco
San Miguel de Velasco is located in Bolivia
San Miguel de Velasco
San Miguel de Velasco
Location in Bolivia
Coordinates: 16°41′54.96″S 60°58′5.16″W
Country Bolivia
Department Santa Cruz Department
ProvinceJosé Miguel de Velasco Province
MunicipalitySan Miguel Municipality
CantonSan Miguel Canton
Population
 (2001)
 • Total4,484
Time zoneUTC-4 (BOT)

At the time of census 2001 it had a population of 4,484.[2]

It is served by San Miguel South Airport.

History

In 1721, the mission of San Miguel was founded by the Jesuit missionary Felipe Suárez after San Rafael had grown too large.[3][4]

Languages
Map showing the present location of the Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos in Bolivia

San Miguel de Velasco is home to the speakers of Migueleño Chiquitano, a critically endangered variety of the Chiquitano language which is now remembered only by several dozen elderly people.[5][6] Camba Spanish is the most commonly used everyday language.[7]

Religious traditions

In San Miguel de Velasco, Catholic homilies are traditionally recited in an early form of Migueleño Chiquitano on certain religious occasions. This practice can be traced back to the Jesuit reductions of the 18th century, and the texts of the homilies have been transmitted (both orally and in the written form) across generations.[8] The homilies have been extensively studied by Severin Parzinger, who has published a compilation thereof.[9]

See also

References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to San Miguel de Velasco.
  1. World Heritage Site: Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos
  2. "www.world-gazetteer.com / Population". Archived from the original on 2012-12-05.
  3. Lasso Varela, Isidro José (2008-06-26). "Influencias del cristianismo entre los Chiquitanos desde la llegada de los Españoles hasta la expulsión de los Jesuitas" (in Spanish). Departamento de Historia Moderna, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia UNED. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
  4. Groesbeck, Geoffrey A. P. (2008). "A Brief History of the Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos (eastern Bolivia)". Colonialvoyage. Archived from the original on 2009-01-06. Retrieved 2009-01-16.
  5. Nikulin, Andrey (17 November 2020). "Elementos de la morfofonología del chiquitano migueleño". LIAMES: Línguas Indígenas Americanas. 20: e020015. doi:10.20396/liames.v20i0.8660822.
  6. Nikulin, Andrey (2019). "First person singular markers in Migueleño Chiquitano". In Reisinger, D. K. E.; Lo, Roger Yu-Hsiang (eds.). Proceedings of the Workshop on the Structure and Constituency of Languages of the Americas 23 (PDF). Vancouver: UBCWPL. pp. 62–76.
  7. Nikulin, Andrey (2020). "Contacto de lenguas en la Chiquitanía". Revista Brasileira de Línguas Indígenas. 2 (2): 5–30. doi:10.18468/rbli.2019v2n2.p05-30. S2CID 225674786.
  8. Parzinger, Severin (2017). "Los sermones chiquitanos: catequesis ancestral en una sociedad globalizada" (PDF). Verbum SVD. 58 (1): 62–77.
  9. Parzinger, Severin; Cabildo indígena de San Miguel de Velasco (2016). Osuputakai rurasti Tupáj (Conozcamos la palabra de Dios): manual de sermones chiquitanos de San Miguel de Velasco y de sus comunidades. Cochabamba: Editorial Verbo Divino. ISBN 978-99905-1-635-7.
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