SS Santa Paula (1916)

SS Santa Paula (later SS Montanan) was a freighter of the Grace Line and later the American-Hawaiian Steamship Company. The vessel also saw military transport service during both World Wars.

SS Santa Paula as built by Cramp Shipyard
History
United States
Name	SS Santa Paula
Operator	Grace Line (1917, 1919–1925)
Port of registry	New York City
Builder	William Cramp & Sons, Philadelphia
Yard number	439[1]
Launched	20 March 1916
Acquired	April 1917
Identification	Official number 2214901[2]
Fate	Sold in 1925
Name	USS Santa Paula ID-1590
Operator	US Navy (1918–1919)
Acquired	August 14, 1918
Fate	Returned to owners August 21, 1919
Operator	American-Hawaiian Steamship Company (1925–1943)
Acquired	1925
Fate	Sunk by torpedo June 3, 1943
General characteristics
Type	Freighter
Tonnage	6,415 grt
Length	417.5 ft (127 m)
Beam	54.8 ft (16.7 m)
Installed power	1 quadruple expansion
Propulsion	Single screw
Speed	12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph)

Built at William Cramp & Sons Shipbuilding Company in Philadelphia, the vessel was completed in April 1917. She was named Santa Paula and entered commercial service for the Grace Line.[3]

After the United States entered World War I, the vessel was requisitioned by the US Navy in August 1918 and became the commissioned USS Santa Paula ID-1590.[4] She was assigned to the Naval Overseas Transportation Service to carry cargo for United States forces fighting in France. She only completed one round-trip voyage, from New York to Marseilles and back, with 8,340 tons of general cargo, before the war ended.[5]

Navy Transport Santa Paula in 1919.

Santa Paula again sailed to Marseilles between 21 November and 14 January 1919, this time with supplies for US forces still in France. She was then transferred to the Cruiser and Transport Force. In late January transported American troops home from France and would make four more round-trip voyages from New York to Brest Bordeaux, and St. Nazaire between 22 March and 1 August. When the last of these voyages ended at New York, the ship was turned over to the custody of the Commandant, 3d Naval District and was decommissioned on 21 August 1919 and simultaneously returned to the Grace Line.[5]

Santa Paula resumed service for the Grace Line. By 1925 the intracoastal service had become unprofitable. The American-Hawaiian Steamship Company however was seeking to expand its Pacific service and negotiated the purchase of six ships, including Santa Paula, from the Grace Line. She was renamed SS Montanan (American-Hawaiian's first SS Montanan had been sunk in World War I) and entered Pacific intercoastal service for her new owners.[6] During her inter-war service she carried goods from Los Angeles and San Francisco to the Canal Zone and also made coastal voyages.[7]

Montanan was in the Arabian Sea on June 3, 1943 sailing as a civilian transport vessel. She was sunk 150 nautical miles (280 km; 170 mi) south of Masirah Island, Oman, by the Imperial Japanese Navy submarine I-27[5][8] At 0735 a torpedo struck on the starboard side of the No. 2 hold, igniting the bunker fuel tanks and sending flames up the foremast. Just seven minutes later the ship sank bow first. Master Charles Harry McGahan was killed along with four other crew members and two of the Armed Guard. Survivors either jumped overboard or boarded her four lifeboats. Survivors in Life Boat No. 2 sailed for two days before rescue by the dhow Naranpasha. They were transferred to the armed trawler HMIS Baroda and arrived at Port Okha, on June 11, 1943. Survivors in the other boats reached Masirah Island.[9]