Regional Transit Authority of Southeast Michigan

The Regional Transit Authority of Southeast Michigan (RTA) is the agency with oversight and service coordination responsibility for mass transit operations in metropolitan Detroit, Michigan. The counties of Macomb, Oakland, Washtenaw, and Wayne are included in the agency's jurisdiction.[1]

Regional Transit Authority of Southeast Michigan
Overview
LocaleMetro Detroit
Transit typelocal bus, express bus, bus rapid transit (BRT), commuter rail
Chief executiveMatt Webb (General Manager)
HeadquartersDetroit, Michigan
Websitehttp://www.rtamichigan.org/
Operation
Began operation2013
Operator(s)

Overview

The RTA is governed by a 10-member board which includes two representatives from each county and one representative from Detroit appointed by the county executives, county commission chair of Washtenaw County, and Mayor of Detroit, respectively. Additionally, one non-voting representative is appointed by the governor; this member chairs the board.[1] Board members serve staggered three-year terms, and may be reappointed. Since members are permitted to serve until a successor is appointed, in effect, they may serve beyond a three-year term.[1] They may not be a current elected official, employee of a county or city in the region, nor an employee of a transportation provider in the region.[1] The board may employ a CEO to oversee the day-to-day operations of the authority.[1]

Powers

The board is granted the authority with a 7/9 supermajority of the voting members - including at least one member from each jurisdiction - the power to:[2]

  • determine the rate of and place on the ballot a levy of an assessment for the funding of transit services and operations.
  • determine the rate of and place on the ballot a vehicle registration tax for the funding of transit services and operations.
  • determine to acquire the QLine, and acquire, construct or operate planned commuter rail services in the region.

The board is granted the authority with unanimous consent the power to:

  • determine to acquire, construct or operate rail passenger service in the region.
  • determine to acquire a public transit provider in the region upon a vote of the electors of each jurisdiction.
  • place on the ballot a question of assuming liability or paying legacy costs of an acquired public transportation provider.

Elections for the question of the levy of assessments and vehicle registration tax increases can only be held in a presidential election year on the date of the presidential primary election.[2]

History

The RTA has its beginnings in the Metropolitan Transportation Authorities Act of 1967 (Public Act 204).[3] A provision of the act specifically created the Southeastern Michigan Transportation Authority (SEMTA), but provided the authority with no additional means to levy taxes or fees to fund the operations for the transit providers it had acquired.

In 1974, facing a loss of funding from SEMTA and wanting more control of its transit affairs, Detroit's Department of Street Railways (DSR) restructured itself as the Detroit Department of Transportation (DDOT).[4] On December 7, 1988, Public Act 204 was amended to restructure SEMTA, reducing the service area from seven counties to three, and excluding the city of Detroit.[4] The new transit authority was named the Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transit (SMART), and began operation on January 17, 1989. To continue limited coordination and development of services between DDOT and SMART, however, regional leaders representing the three-county area and Detroit filed articles of incorporation to form the Regional Transit Coordinating Council on January 12, 1989.[4]

On December 19, 2012 Governor Rick Snyder signed Senate Bill No. 909 into law establishing the Regional Transit Authority (RTA), which included a provision allowing for the first time a way for such a regional transit authority to fund itself.[5] Almost one month later, US Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood announced that the M-1 Rail Line would receive US$25 million in federal funding as he had previously indicated such support was dependent on the creation of a regional transit authority for the Detroit region.[6]

Along with oversight and coordination responsibilities for the Detroit Department of Transportation, Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation, Ann Arbor Area Transportation Authority, and the Detroit Transportation Corporation, the authority was also established to create a single mass transit plan for the region, including the development, funding and operation of rapid transit along four major corridors in the metropolitan area. The new plan used as its basis the Comprehensive Regional Transit Service Plan, which was adopted on December 8, 2008.[7] The RTA chose HNTB to assist in the development of the Regional Master Transit Plan in 2015.

Mass transit

The RTA does not operate any mass transit services, itself, but has coordinated one service brand.

Bus service

RefleX was a limited-stop, cross-county bus service which started operation on Labor Day weekend 2016.[8] The service consisted of a route on Woodward Avenue operated by DDOT connecting the Somerset Collection in Troy in Oakland County and Downtown Detroit, and two routes on Gratiot Avenue operated by SMART connecting Mount Clemens in Macomb County and Downtown Detroit (7 days a week) and four trips per weekday to Midtown Detroit.[8] The service ran from 5:00 AM to 1:00 AM on weekdays, 6:00 AM to 1:00 AM on Saturdays, and 7:00 AM to 10:00 PM on Sundays.[9] RefleX Gratiot service ended January 1, 2018,[10] and RefleX Woodward service ended April 21, 2018.[11]

Projects

In early 2015, the RTA retained Parsons Brinckerhoff and AECOM to study improved mass transit along the corridors of Gratiot and Michigan avenues. The authority also took over oversight of the Woodward Avenue Alternative Analysis Rapid Transit Alternative study,[12] which found BRT (bus rapid transit) as the locally preferred alternative as the improved mode of transit along a 27-mile stretch of Woodward Avenue.[13] The master plan was officially presented to the media and public on May 31, 2016 with highlights including plans for:[14][15]

The plan was approved by the board on August 4, 2016 with the $4.7 billion plan to go voters for approval on November 8, 2016.[16] The measure failed by a 50.5% to 49.5% margin, with 895,877 voting in favor of the proposal, and 913,856 in opposition. The proposal passed in the counties of Wayne and Washtenaw, but very narrowly lost in Oakland and was defeated handily in Macomb.[17][18][19][20]

See also

References
  1. "ENROLLED SENATE BILL No. 909" (PDF). rtamichigan.org. RTA. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  2. "Regional Transit Authority Act 387 of 2012, Sec. 6". Michigan Legislature. Legislative Service Bureau. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  3. "Metropolitan Transportation Authorities Act of 1967". Michigan Legislature. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
  4. "History of Transit in Southeast Michigan Region". SMART Overview. SMART. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
  5. "Senate Bill No. 909" (PDF). State of Michigan 96th Legislature. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 September 2013. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
  6. "M1 Rail: Ray LaHood, U.S. Transit Secretary, Announces $25 Million In Funding For Detroit Transit Plan". HuffPost Detroit. January 18, 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  7. "Comprehensive Regional Transit Service Plan". SEMCOG.org. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
  8. "RefleX". RTA of Southeast Michigan. Archived from the original on 5 September 2016. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  9. "Regional Transit Authority launches expanded service along Woodward and Gratiot" (PDF). RTA of Southeast Michigan. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  10. "New Service Announcements". Ride SMART Bus. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  11. "Transit Service Changes Effective April 21, 2018". Detroit Department of Transportation. 17 April 2018. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  12. "Woodward Avenue Rapid Transit Alternatives Analysis Locally Preferred Alternative" (PDF). Parsons Brinckerhoff. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  13. "Woodward Avenue Rapid Transit Alternative Analysis". SEMCOG. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  14. Lawrence, Eric D. (31 May 2016). "$4.6B transit plan would connect Detroit, 4 counties". Joyce Jenereaux. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  15. "Regional Master Transit Plan Executive Summary" (PDF). RTA of Southeast Michigan. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  16. Lawrence, Eric D. (4 August 2016). "Regional transit board OKs master plan to let voters decide". Joyce Jenereaux. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  17. "Wayne County, Michigan General Election November 8, 2016". Wayne County. Wayne County Clerk. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  18. "A PROPOSAL AUTHORIZING THE REGIONAL TRANSIT AUTHORITY OF SOUTHEAST MICHIGAN (RTA) TO LEVY AN ASSESSMENT - REGIONAL TRANSIT AUTHORITY OF SOUTHEAST MICHIGAN (OAKLAND COUNTY PORTION ONLY) (Vote For 1)". Oakland County Elections Division. Oakland County Clerk. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  19. "Regional Transit Authority of Southeast Michigan Proposal". Macomb County. Macomb County Clerk/Register of Deeds. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  20. "November 8, 2016 General Election". Washtenaw County Michigan. Washtenaw County Clerk. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
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