Piptochaetium

Piptochaetium, or speargrass,[3] is a genus of plants in the grass family, native to North and South America. Piptochaetium is a bunchgrass genus in the tribe Stipeae.[4][5][6][7][8]

Piptochaetium
Piptochaetium sp.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Pooideae
Supertribe: Stipodae
Tribe: Stipeae
Genus: Piptochaetium
J.Presl
Type species
Piptochaetium setifolium
(syn of P. panicoides)
Synonyms[1][2]
  • Urachne subg. Piptochaetium (J. Presl) Trin. & Rupr.
  • Podopogon Raf., rejected name
  • Caryochloa Spreng. 1827, illegitimate homonym not Trin. 1826

Some of its species have been included in the genus Stipa by some authors.[9][10]

Species[2][11][12][13][14][15]
  • Piptochaetium alpinum - Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul
  • Piptochaetium angolense - Coquimbo
  • Piptochaetium angustifolium - Coahuila, Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, México State
  • Piptochaetium avenaceum — black oatgrass, blackseed needlegrass - United States (Texas to Florida north to Massachusetts + Michigan), Ontario, Tamaulipas, Nuevo León
  • Piptochaetium avenacioides - Florida speargrass - Florida
  • Piptochaetium bicolor - Rio Grande do Sul, Argentina, Uruguay, Chile incl Juan Fernández Islands
  • Piptochaetium brachyspermum - Buenos Aires
  • Piptochaetium brevicalyx - central + eastern Mexico
  • Piptochaetium burkartianum - Corrientes
  • Piptochaetium cabrerae - Buenos Aires
  • Piptochaetium calvescens - Buenos Aires, Uruguay
  • Piptochaetium confusum - Uruguay, Rio Grande do Sul, Entre Rios
  • Piptochaetium cucullatum - Uruguay
  • Piptochaetium featherstonei - Peru, Bolivia
  • Piptochaetium fimbriatum - pinyon ricegrass - Arizona, Texas, New Mexico, Mexico, Guatemala
  • Piptochaetium hackelii - Argentina, Uruguay
  • Piptochaetium hirtum - Chile
  • Piptochaetium indutum - Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Salta, Jujuy
  • Piptochaetium jubatum - Uruguay
  • Piptochaetium lasianthum - Uruguay, Argentina, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul
  • Piptochaetium leiopodum - Buenos Aires, Uruguay
  • Piptochaetium medium - Uruguay, Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela
  • Piptochaetium montevidense - Uruguayan ricegrass - Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela
  • Piptochaetium napostaense - Argentina
  • Piptochaetium palustre - Santa Catarina
  • Piptochaetium panicoides - Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela
  • Piptochaetium pringlei - Pringle's speargrass - Arizona, Texas, New Mexico, Mexico
  • Piptochaetium ruprechtianum - Uruguay, Argentina, Brazil
  • Piptochaetium sagasteguii - Peru
  • Piptochaetium seleri - Mexico, Guatemala
  • Piptochaetium setosum - bristly speargrass - Chile
  • Piptochaetium stipoides - purple speargrass - Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, Colombia; naturalized in Mexico, California
  • Piptochaetium tovarii - Peru
  • Piptochaetium uruguense - Argentina, Uruguay, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, Paraguay, San Luis Potosí
  • Piptochaetium virescens - Mexico, Guatemala
formerly included[2]

see Nassella Stipa

  • Piptochaetium collinum - Nassella laevissima
  • Piptochaetium gibbum - Nassella gibba
  • Piptochaetium laeve - Nassella pubiflora
  • Piptochaetium laevissimum - Nassella laevissima
  • Piptochaetium mexicanum - Nassella mexicana
  • Piptochaetium mucronatum - Nassella mucronata
  • Piptochaetium ovatum - Stipa ovata
  • Piptochaetium trichotomum - Nassella trichotoma

References
  1. Tropicos, Piptochaetium J. Presl
  2. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Piptochaetium". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 6 October 2015.
  4. Clayton, W. D., et al. (2006 onwards). Piptochaetium. GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
  5. Presl, Jan Svatopluk. 1830. Reliquiae Haenkeanae 1: 222 in Latin
  6. Presl, Jan Svatopluk. 1830. Reliquiae Haenkeanae 1: plate XXXVII (37), figures 1-7 at left line drawings of
  7. Mujica-Salles, J. & M. Marchi. 1993. Caracteres de valor taxonómico en el género Piptochaetium Presl (Poaceae-stipeae) y su relacion con la distribución de las especies brasileras. Candollea 48(1): 1–13
  8. Cialdella, A. M. & M. Arriaga. 1998. Revisión de las especies Sudamericanas del género Piptochaetium (Poaceae, Pooideae, Stipeae). Darwiniana 36(1–4): 107–157
  9. Cialdella, A. M. & L. M. Giussani. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Piptochaetium (Poaceae, Pooideae, Stipeae): evidence from morphological data. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 89(3): 305–336
  10. Swallen, J. R. 1955. Gramineae. In: P. C. Standley & J. A. Steyermark (eds.), Flora of Guatemala—Part II. Fieldiana, Botany 24(2): i–ix, 1–390
  11. Piptochaetium, North American species. USDA PLANTS Profile.
  12. Piptochaetium. Germplasm Resources Information Network.
  13. Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
  14. Skottsberg, C. 1951. A supplement to the pteridophytes and phanerogams of Juan Fernandez and Easter Island. 2(28): 763–792. In C. J. F. Skottsberg, Natural History of Juan Fernandez and Easter Island. Almquist & Wiksells, Uppsala
  15. Gould, F. W. & R. Moran. 1981. The grasses of Baja California, Mexico. Memoir San Diego Society of Natural History 12: 1–140

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