Patriotic Salvation Movement

The Patriotic Salvation Movement (Arabic: الحركة الوطنية للإنقاذ, French: Mouvement patriotique du salut, MPS) is the ruling political party in Chad.

Patriotic Salvation Movement
Mouvement Patriotique du Salut
Arabic nameالحركة الوطنية للإنقاذ
AbbreviationMPS
PresidentHaroun Kabadi
Secretary-GeneralHaroun Kabadi
Founded11 March 1990 (1990-03-11)
Preceded by1 April Movement
IdeologyNationalism
Political positionBig tent
Slogan"Mourir pour le Salut" ("Dying for Salvation")
Seats in the National Assembly
110 / 188
Website
www.mps-tchad.org

History

After Idriss Déby, an army commander who participated in an unsuccessful plot against President Hissène Habré in 1989, fled to Sudan, he and his supporters, known as the 1 April Movement, operated from Sudan with Libyan backing and carried out attacks across the border into Chad. The MPS was founded in Sudan on 10 March 1990 through the merger of the 1 April Movement with other anti-Habre groups in exile. After a successful offensive in November 1990, Déby and the MPS came to power on 2 December 1990, when their forces entered N'Djamena, the Chadian capital.[1]

Déby was the MPS candidate in the 1996 presidential election and won in a second round. He was again the MPS candidate in the presidential election of 20 May 2001, receiving 63.2% of the vote. In the parliamentary election held on 21 April 2002, the MPS won according to IPU Parline 113 out of 155 seats. In the May 2006 presidential election, Déby was re-elected with 64.7% of the vote.

Electoral history

Presidential elections
Election Party candidate Votes % Votes % Result
First round Second round
1996 Idriss Déby 1,016,277 43.82% 2,102,907 69.09% Elected Green tickY
2001 1,533,509 63.17% – Elected Green tickY
2006 1,863,042 64.67% – Elected Green tickY
2011 2,503,813 88.66% – Elected Green tickY
2016 2,219,352 59.92% – Elected Green tickY
2021 3,663,431 79.32% – Elected Green tickY[lower-alpha 1]

National Assembly elections
Election Party leader Votes % Votes % Seats +/– Position Result
First round Second round
1997 504,045 40.0% 262,060% 34.4%
65 / 125
 Increase 65 Increase 1st Majority government
2002 Nagoum Yamassoum – –
113 / 155
 Increase 48 Steady 1st Supermajority government
2011 Haroun Kabadi in alliance with RDP and RNDP
134 / 187
 Increase 21 Steady 1st MPS–RDP–RNDP coalition government

See also

Notes
  1. Died before inauguration

References
    1. Bernard Lanne, "Chad: Regime Change, Increased Insecurity, and Blockage of Further Reforms", Political Reform in Francophone Africa (1997), ed. Clark and Gardinier, pages 274–275.


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