List of wars involving Germany

This is a list of wars involving Germany from 843, not including Germanic tribes' period before. It includes East Francia, the Holy Roman Empire, the Confederation of the Rhine, the German Confederation, the North German Confederation, the German Empire, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, the German Democratic Republic (DDR, "East Germany") and the present Federal Republic of Germany (BRD, until German reunification in 1990 known as "West Germany").

Pre-unification (843-1871)

East Francia (843–962)

Conflict and date	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
Viking raids in the Rhineland (continued) (843–885) Location: East Francia	Carolingian Empire, later East Francia	Vikings	Eventual East Frankish victory Henry, Margrave of the Franks defeated most Vikings in East Francia by 885, but then died in the Viking Siege of Paris (885–886)
Battle of Lechfeld (910) Location: East Francia	East Francia and Swabia	Principality of Hungary	Hungarian victory
First Italian Expedition of Otto I (951–952)	East Francia	Kingdom of Italy	East Frankish victory Berengar II recognized the suzerainty of Otto I
Battle of Lechfeld (955) Location: East Francia	East Francia, the Duchy of Saxony, the Duchy of Thuringia, the Duchy of Bavaria, the Duchy of Swabia, and Bohemia	Principality of Hungary	German victory
Battle on the Raxa (955)	East Francia and Rani	Obotrites, Veleti, and allied West Slavic tribes	East Frankish victory
Second Italian Expedition of Otto I (961–962)	East Francia	Kingdom of Italy	East Frankish victory Berengar II is deposed. Otto I is crowned King of Italy and later Roman Emperor, in retrospect forming the Holy Roman Empire

Holy Roman Empire (962–1806)

Conflict and date	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result	Ruling King/Emperor
Otto I's raid on Poland (963)	Holy Roman Empire	Duchy of Poland	German Victory	Otto I
Franco-German War of 978-980	Holy Roman Empire	West Francia	French victory	Otto II
Slavic revolt of 983	Holy Roman Empire	Wends Lutici Obotrite	German defeat	Otto II
Polish-Saxon Invasion of Veleti (985)	Duchy of Poland Holy Roman Empire	Veleti	Polish and Saxon Victory	Otto III
Polish-Bohemian War (990)		Duchy of Bohemia	German and Polish Victory	Otto III
Polish-German invasion of Veleti (992)		Veleti	Polish and German Victory	Otto III
Polish-German invasion of Obotrites (995)		Obotrites	Polish and German Victory	Otto III
German–Polish War (1003–1018)	Holy Roman Empire	Duchy of Poland	Peace of Bautzen Poland is granted control over Lusatia and Upper Lusatia The Duchy of Bohemia becomes an Imperial State of the Holy Roman Empire	Henry II
Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis (1015–1019)	Duchy of Poland Kingdom of Hungary Holy Roman Empire Pechenegs	Kievan Rus'	Temporary victory for Sviatopolk and Boleslaw, Polish sack of Kiev	Henry II
Polish-German War (1028-1031)	Holy Roman Empire Bezprym Duchy of Bohemia Kievan Rus'	Mieszko II Lambert Kingdom of Hungary	Victory for Bezprym	Conrad II
Emperor Conrad II's military campaign against Hungary (1030-1031)	Holy Roman Empire	Kingdom of Hungary	German defeat The Hungarians occupied Vienna.	Conrad II
German-Hungarian Wars (1042-1043)	Holy Roman Empire	Kingdom of Hungary	German Victory	Henry III
Henry III's military campaign against Hungary (1044)	Holy Roman Empire Peter Orseolo and his allies	The army of King Samuel Aba	German Victory Defeat of Samuel Aba, restoration of Peter	Henry III
War between King Peter and Prince Andrew (1046)	King Peter's army Holy Roman Empire	Prince Andrew's army Kievan Rus'	Hungarian Victory	Henry III
Emperor Henry III's military campaigns against Hungary (1051-1052)	Holy Roman Empire Duchy of Bohemia	Kingdom of Hungary	Hungarian Victory	Henry III
German-Hungarian border War (1056-1058)	Holy Roman Empire	Kingdom of Hungary	Stalemate, treaty of Marchfeld	Henry IV
Civil War between King Andrew I and his brother, Prince Bela (1060)	King Andrew I's army Holy Roman Empire	Prince Béla's army Kingdom of Poland	Prince Béla's Victory	Henry IV
German invasion of Hungary (1063)	Holy Roman Empire Duchy of Bavaria	Kingdom of Hungary	German Victory Death of Béla I Ascension of Solomon to the Hungarian throne	Henry IV
Polish-German War (1109)	Holy Roman Empire Duchy of Bohemia	Kingdom of Poland	German defeat	Henry V
Wars of the Guelphs and Ghibellines 1125-1186 1216-1392	Ghibellines Holy Roman Empire	Guelphs Holy See (Papacy)	1st phase:Peace of Constance (1186) 2nd phase:Stalemate (1392) Decline of free communes; rise of signorie Diffusion of Black Death Extinction of Hohenstaufen dynasty Conquest of the Kingdom of Sicily by Charles of Anjou Interregnum after Frederick II's death Weakening of Imperial Authority over Italy	Frederick I Barbarossa Frederick II Henry VII Louis IV
Polish-German War (1146)	Holy Roman Empire Duchy of Bohemia	Mieszko III the Old	Mieszko III the Old's victory/German defeat	Conrad III of Germany
Wendish Crusade (1147)	Holy Roman Empire Bishopric of Havelberg March of Meissen March of Brandenburg Duchy of Saxony Archbishopric of Bremen Archbishopric of Mainz Bishopric of Halberstadt County of Holstein Bishopric of Münster Bishopric of Olmütz Bishopric of Brandenburg Bishopric of Merseburg Jutland-Kingdom of Denmark Zealand/Scania-Kingdom of Denmark Kingdom of Poland	Obotrite Confederacy Obotrites Wagrians Liutizian Confederacy Wendish allies: Duchy of Pomerania	March of Brandenburg reconquers Havelberg, County of Holstein expels its Wends	Conrad III of Germany
Second Crusade (1147-1150)	Holy Roman Empire Other Crusaders	Emirate of Damascus other Muslim and Pagan entities in East Central Europe, Iberia and the Near East.	Victories in East Central Europe and Iberia. Defeat in the Holy Land.	Conrad III of Germany
Polish-German War (1157)	Holy Roman Empire	Bolesław IV the Curly	Peace of Krzyszkowo	Frederick I Barbarossa
Third Crusade (1189-1192)	Holy Roman Empire Other Crusaders	Ayyubids	Small Gains for the Crusaders. Jerusalem stays under Ayyubid control.	Frederick I Barbarossa
Fourth Crusade (1202-1204)	Holy Roman Empire Republic of Venice	Byzantine Empire Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia Ayyubids	Partition of the Byzantine Empire The establishment of the Latin Empire and other crusader states by the Crusaders Formation of Byzantine Greek rump states	Otto IV
Fifth Crusade (1217-1221)	Holy Roman Empire Other Crusaders	Ayyubids	Eight-Year truce between the Ayyubids and the Crusaders	Frederick II
Sixth Crusade (1227-1229)	Holy Roman Empire including in Personal Union: Kingdom of Sicily Kingdom of Jerusalem	Ayyubids	Kingdom of Jerusalem regains Jerusalem through peaceful negotiations.	Frederick II
Great Interregnum[1] 1245/50–1273/5	Hohenstaufen party Frederick II (1245–50) Conrad IV (1245–54) Alfonso X of Castile (1257–75) Rudolf of Habsburg (1273–5)	Welf party Henry of Thuringia (1246–7) William II of Holland (1247–56) Richard of Cornwall (1257–72) Ottokar II of Bohemia	Compromise Unanimous election of Rudolf of Habsburg in 1273 Alfonso X of Castile renounced claim in 1275
Hussite Wars (1419-1434)	Catholic Church, Crusades and Loyalists: Holy Roman Empire	Bohemian Wars: Hussite Movement	Eventual defeat for Radical Hussites, Victory for Moderate Hussites and Catholics	Sigismund
Italian War of 1494-1498	League of Venice: Holy Roman Empire Papal States Republic of Venice Kingdoms of Spain Duchy of Milan Republic of Florence England (1496–98) Margraviate of Mantua Republic of Genoa	Kingdom of France Swiss Mercenaries Duchy of Milan (before 1495)	Victory for the League of Venice	Maximilian I
Swabian War (1499)	Holy Roman Empire Swabian League	Old Swiss Confederacy Three Leagues of the Grisons	Swiss Victory Peace of Basel Swiss Confederacy exempt from the resolutions of the Imperial Diet of Worms	Maximilian I
Italian War of 1521-1526	Holy Roman Empire Spain England Papal States (1521-1523 and 1525–1526)	France Swiss mercenaries Republic of Venice Papal States (1524-1525) Marquisate of Saluzzo	Habsburg Victory Capture of Francis I of France at the Battle of Pavia Treaty of Rome(1525) Treaty of Madrid (1526)	Charles V
War of the League of Cognac (1526-1530)	Holy Roman Empire Spain Duchy of Ferrara Republic of Genoa (1528-1530) Duchy of Mantua (1528-1530)	Kingdom of France Swiss mercenaries Papal States Swiss Guards Republic of Venice Republic of Florence Kingdom of England Republic of Genoa (1526-1528) Kingdom of Navarre Duchy of Milan	Treaty of Cambrai Habsburg Victory	Charles V
Italian War of 1536-1538	Holy Roman Empire Spain	Kingdom of France Ottoman Empire	Truce of Nice	Charles V
Italian War of 1542-1546	Holy Roman Empire Saxony Brandenburg Spain England	France Ottoman Empire Regency of Algiers Jülich-Cleves-Berg	Inconclusive Treaty of Crépy Treaty of Ardres	Charles V
Schmalkaldic War 1546–1547	Empire of Charles V: Holy Roman Empire Habsburg Austria Duchy of Saxony Bohemian Crown Habsburg Spain Habsburg Hungary Supported by:Papal States	Schmalkadic League: Electorate of Saxony Hesse Electorate Palatinate Bremen Lübeck Brunswick-Lüneburg Württemberg Pomerania-Wolgast Anhalt-Köthen Bradenburg-Küstrin	Imperial-Spanish Victory Capitulation of Wittenberg Schmalkadic League dissolved, Saxon electoral dignity passed to the Albertine House of Wettin	Charles V
Second Schmalkaldic War March–August 1552	Imperial–Habsburg forces Holy Roman Empire Habsburg Austria	Protestant princes Electoral Saxony Hesse Prussia Brandenburg-Kulmbach Supported by: France	Protestant victory Peace of Passau (1552) Peace of Augsburg (1555)[1] Three Bishoprics annexed by the Kingdom of France	Charles V
Long Turkish War (1593–1606)	Holy Roman Empire Habsburg Monarchy Saxony Grand Duchy of Tuscany Duchy of Ferrara Duchy of Mantua Duchy of Savoy Knights of St. Stephen Kingdom of Hungary[2] Kingdom of Croatia[2] Duchy of Carniola Principality of Transylvania Wallachia Moldavia France Spain Spanish Netherlands Spanish Italy Kingdom of Sicily Kingdom of Naples Zaporozhian Cossacks Serbian hajduks Papal States	Ottoman Empire Khanate of Crimea	Inconclusive Peace of Zsitvatorok	Rudolph II
War of the Jülich Succession (1609-1614)	1609-1610: Holy Roman Empire Principality of Strasbourg Prince-Bishopric of Liège Catholic League 1614: Spanish Empire Palatinate-Neuburg	1609-1610: Margraviate of Brandenburg Palatinate-Neuburg United Provinces Kingdom of France Protestant Union 1614: Margraviate of Brandenburg Free Imperial City of Aachen United Provinces	Treaty of Xanten	Rudolph II Matthias
Thirty Years' War 1618–1648	Imperial alliance prior to 1635[lower-alpha 1] Habsburg Monarchy Spanish Empire Bavaria Catholic League Post-1635 Peace of Prague Holy Roman Empire Spanish Empire Denmark–Norway	Anti-Imperial alliance prior to 1635[lower-alpha 2] Kingdom of Bohemia Sweden Palatinate Savoy Transylvania Dutch Republic Denmark–Norway Heilbronn League Hesse-Kassel Brandenburg-Prussia Saxony Post-1635 Peace of Prague France Sweden Dutch Republic Hesse-Kassel	Peace of Prague (1635) Peace of Westphalia (1648): Peace of Münster (January 1648) between Spain and the Dutch Republic Treaty of Osnabrück (IPO; October 1648) between Sweden and the Holy Roman Empire Treaty of Münster (October 1648) (IPM; October 1648) between France and the Holy Roman Empire Consequences France annexes Décapole, and Sundgau[3] Sweden gains Wismar, Wolin, Western Pomerania, and Bremen-Verden[4] Brandenburg-Prussia obtains Eastern Pomerania[4] Spain recognises sovereignty Dutch Republic Old Swiss Confederacy gains independence from the Holy Roman Empire	Ferdinand III
Franco-Dutch War (1672-1678)	Holy Roman Empire (1673) Dutch Republic Spain (from 1673) Brandenburg-Prussia (from 1673) Lorraine (from 1673) Denmark-Norway (from 1674) England (1678)	Kingdom of France England (1672-1674) Sweden (from 1674) Munster (1672-1673) Cologne (1672-1673)	Treaty of Nijmegen Major French territorial gains France occupies Lorraine, Freiburg and Kehl	Leopold I
Great Turkish War (1683–1699)	Holy Roman Empire Habsburg monarchy Bavaria Franconia Saxony Swabia Duchy of Styria Royal Hungary Kingdom of Croatia Duchy of Mantua Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Tsardom of Russia Cossack Hetmanate Republic of Venice Spanish Empire Montenegro Albanian rebels Serbian rebels Greek rebels Bulgarian rebels Romanian rebels Croatian rebels	Ottoman Empire Vassal states: Crimean Khanate Shamkhalate of Tarki[5] Upper Hungary (1683–5) Moldavia Wallachia Transylvania	Victory Treaty of Karlowitz Ottoman decline in Europe The Habsburg monarchy wins lands in Hungary, the Principality of Transylvania and the Balkans. Poland-Lithuania captures Podolia. Russia captures the port of Azov. Venice captures Morea and inner Dalmatia. Montenegro gains de facto independence.	Leopold I
Nine Years War (1688-1697)	Holy Roman Empire Dutch Republic England Scotland Spanish Empire Duchy of Savoy Portuguese Empire Swedish Empire (until 1691)	France	Treaty of Ryswick	Leopold I
War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714)	Holy Roman Empire Austrian Monarchy Dutch Republic Prussia England (until 1707) Great Britain (from 1707) Piedmont-Savoy Habsburg Spain Portugal	France Spanish monarchy Bavaria (until 1704) Cologne (until 1702) Mantua (until 1708)	Treaties of Utrecht (1713), Rastatt (1714) and Baden (1714) Philip is recognized as King of Spain, but once more renounces any claim to the throne of France Austria gains the crowns of Naples and Sardinia as well as the duchy of Milan and the Spanish Netherlands Savoy gains the crown of Sicily which is soon to be exchanged with Sardinia	Leopold I Joseph I Charles VI
War of the Polish Succession (1733-1735)	Holy Roman Empire Habsburg monarchy Saxony Prussia Russia Poland Loyal to Augustus III	France Spain Savoy-Sardinia Duchy of Parma Sweden Poland Loyal to Stanislaus I	Treaty of Vienna Austria loses the crowns of Naples and Sicily to Charles of Parma Duchy of Lorraine to Stanislaus Duchy of Parma to Austria Grand Duchy of Tuscany to Francis Stephen Poland loses direct control over the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia	Charles VI
Liège Revolution (1789-1791)	Holy Roman Empire Habsburg monarchy Prince-Bishops of Liège	Liège Rebels Brabant Rebels Republic of Liège Supported by:Prussia	Foundation of Liège Republic (1789); reversion to Prince-Bishopric(1791); annexation by France (1795)	Leopold II
War of the First Coalition (mostly the Low Countries theatre) 1792–1797	First Coalition: Dutch Republic Holy Roman Empire Habsburg monarchy (Austria) Kingdom of Prussia Electorate of Hanover Hesse-Kassel (until 1795) Great Britain Spanish Empire (1793–95) Kingdom of Naples (until 1796) Kingdom of Portugal Kingdom of Prussia (until 1795) Kingdom of Sardinia (until 1796) Army of Condé	Kingdom of the French (1792) French First Republic (from 1792) Republic of Bouillon (1794–95) Batavian Republic (from 1795) Ligurian Republic (from 1795) Cisrhenian Republic (1797) Cisalpine Republic (1797) other sister republics Spanish Empire (1796–97) Polish Legions (from 1797)	French Republican victory French monarchy abolished, republicanism spread across Europe All southern Low Countries and Left Bank of the Rhine annexed by France (1795) Treaty of The Hague (1795) Batavian Republic established as a French sister republic Peace of Basel (1795) Prussia and Hesse-Kassel withraw from Coalition Spain allies with France (ending the War of the Pyrenees) Treaty of Campo Formio (1797) Habsburg monarchy accepts the loss of the Austrian Netherlands	Francis II
War of the Second Coalition 1798–1802	Second Coalition: Holy Roman Empire (until 1801) Habsburg monarchy (Austria, until 1801) Russian Empire (until 1798) Great Britain (until 1801) United Kingdom (from 1801) Kingdom of Portugal Kingdom of Naples Ottoman Empire French royalists	French First Republic Batavian Republic Cisalpine Republic Helvetic Republic Ligurian Republic Roman Republic (1798–99) Parthenopean Republic (1799) other sister republics Spanish Empire	French victory France briefly conquers the Papal States and captures Pope Pius VI (1798–99) Treaty of Lunéville (1801) recognises Holy Roman Empire's loss of southern Low Countries to France Concordat of 1801: Pope Pius VII recognises the abolition of the Prince-Bishopric of Liège	Francis II
War of the Third Coalition 1803–1806 (part of the Napoleonic Wars)	Third Coalition: United Kingdom Sweden (1804–06) Russian Empire (1805–06) Holy Roman Empire (1805) Austrian Empire (1805) Kingdom of Naples (1805–06) Kingdom of Sicily (1805–06)	First French Empire[lower-alpha 3] Batavian Republic Etruria Italy Spain Bavaria Württemberg	French victory Treaty of Pressburg (1805): Austrian Empire leaves Coalition Consolidation of the First French Empire Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire[lower-alpha 4] Creation of the Confederation of the Rhine Formation of the Fourth Coalition a few months later	Francis II

Confederation of the Rhine (1806-1813)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result	Protector
War of the Fourth Coalition (1806-1807)	France Confederation of the Rhine Etruria Holland Napoleonic Italy Naples Saxony (from 11 Dec 1806) Polish Legions Swiss Confederation Spain	Prussia Russian Empire United Kingdom Saxony (until 11 Dec 1806) Sweden Sicily	French Victory Treaties of Tilsit Treaty of Posen Franco Russian alliance Creation of the Continental System Hostilities resume later in 1807 with the commencement of the Peninsular War and expand and expand in 1809 with the formation of a Fifth Coalition against France	Napoleon I
Peninsular War (1808-1814)	France Napoleonic Spain Kingdom of Italy Confederation of the Rhine Duchy of Warsaw Denmark-Norway (Evacuation of La Romana's division)	Spain Portugal United Kingdom	Coalition Victory Treaty of Paris Revolts break out in Spanish America Collapse of the First French Empire	Napoleon I
War of the Fifth Coalition (1809)	France Confederation of the Rhine Bavaria Saxony Westphalia Württemberg Duchy of Warsaw Italy Naples Holland	Austria United Kingdom Sardinia Sicily Rebel Groups Black Brunswickers Tyrol Gottscheers Italian rebels	French Victory Treaty of Schönbrunn Illyrian Provinces to France Salzburg to Bavaria Parts of Bohemia to Saxony West Galicia to Duchy of Warsaw East Galicia to Russia	Napoleon I
War of the Sixth Coalition (1813-1814)	France Duchy of Warsaw Italy Naples Until January 1814 Confederation of the Rhine (many member states defected after the Battle of Leipzig) Denmark-Norway	Russia Prussia United Kingdom Mecklenburg-Schwerin Portugal Sardinia Sicily Spain Sweden After the Armistice of Pläswitz Austria Bavaria After the Battle of Leipzig Baden Liechtenstein Netherlands Württemberg After November 20, 1813 Netherlands After January 1814 Denmark	Coalition Victory Treaty of Kiel Treaty of Fontainebleau Treaty of Paris Confederation of the Rhine dissolved German states and Austria unite to form the German Confederation Netherlands gains independence Norway ceded to The King of Sweden	Napoleon I

German Confederation (1815-1866)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result	Head of the Presiding Power
War of the Seventh Coalition (1815)	United Kingdom Prussia Austria Kingdom of France Netherlands Brunswick Hanover Nassau Württemberg Tuscany Russia Baden Bavaria Denmark Liechtenstein Portugal Sardinia Saxony Sicily Spain Sweden Switzerland	France Naples	Coalition Victory Second Treaty of Paris End of the Napoleonic Wars Second exile of Napoleon (to the island of Saint Helena) and second Bourbon Restoration Beginning of the Concert of Europe	Francis I
German revolutions of 1848–1849	German Confederation Saxony Prussia Austrian Empire	German Empire German Revolutionaries	Rebellion riot struck down Establishment of German state and introduction of liberal constitution Dissolution of German Confederation	Ferdinand I Archduke John of Austria Frederick William IV
First Schleswig War (Part of the revolutions of 1848)	Denmark	German Confederation	Danish victory Denmark retains control of Schleswig-Holstein	Ferdinand I of Austria Franz Joseph I of Austria
Austro-Prussian War (1866)	Austrian-led German Confederation States Austria Bavaria Saxony Hanover Württemberg Hesse-Kassel Baden Hesse-Darmstadt Nassau Saxe-Meiningen Reuss-Greiz Schaumburg-Lippe Frankfurt Liechtenstein	Prussian-led German States Prussia Saxe-Lauenburg Mecklenburg-Schwerin Brunswick Saxe-Coburg & Gotha Saxe-Altenburg Mecklenburg-Strelitz Oldenburg Anhalt Schwarzburg Waldeck Lippe Lübeck Bremen Hamburg Italy	Prussian-led German and Italian Victory Dissolution of the German Confederation Formation of the North German Confederation, later the German Empire Formation of Austria-Hungary	Francis Joseph I

North German Confederation (1867-1870/71)


Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result	President
Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871)	North German Confederation Kingdom of Prussia Kingdom of Saxony Grand Duchy of Baden Kingdom of Bavaria Kingdom of Wuttemberg Grand Duchy of Hesse German Empire (after 18 January 1871)	French Third Republic (Government of National Defense) Foreign Volunteers	German Victory Treaty of Frankfurt Fall of the Second French Empire Formation of the French Third Republic Beginning of Franco-German enmity Paris Commune uprising Unification of Germany completed Proclamation of the German Empire German annexation of Alsace-Lorraine	Wilhelm I

Post-unification (1871-present)

German Empire (1871-1918)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result	Reichskanzler (Imperial chancellor)	German losses
Nauruan Civil War (1878–1888)	Supporters of King Aweida Germany	Anti-Aweida Rebels	Victory Nauru is annexed as part of German New Guinea	Otto von Bismarck	?
First Samoan Civil War (1886–1894)	Supporters of Laupepa Germany	Supporters of Mata'afa	Compromise Malietoa Laupepa restored to power		16 dead[6]
Abushiri Revolt (1888–1889)	Germany United Kingdom	Arab Rebels led by al-Harthi	Victory Rebellion put down		?
Hehe Rebellion (1891–1898)	Germany	Hehe	Victory Rebellion put down	Leo von Caprivi	?
Bafut Wars (1891–1907)	Germany	Fondom of Bafut	Victory Exile of the Fon of Bafut	Leo von Caprivi	?
Second Samoan Civil War (1898–1899)	Supporters of Mata'afa Germany	Supporters of Tanumafili I United States United Kingdom	Compromise Tripartite Convention	Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingfürst	?
Boxer Rebellion (1899–1901)	Russia Japan United Kingdom France United States Germany Austria-Hungary Italy	Yihetuan Movement China	Victory Signing of the Boxer Protocol Provisions for foreign troops to be stationed in Beijing	Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingfürst	?
Adamawa Wars (1899–1907)	Germany United Kingdom	Sokoto Caliphate Mahdist rebels	Victory German rule in Kamerun solidified	Bernhard von Bülow	?
Venezuelan Crisis (1902–1903)	United Kingdom Germany Italy	Venezuela	Compromise Venezuelan debt dispute resolved		?
Kavango Uprising[7] (1903)	German Empire	Kavango rebels	Victory Uprising suppressed		?
Herero Wars (1904–1908)	Germany	Herero Namaqua	Victory Herero and Namaqua genocide		1,541 dead[8]
Maji Maji Rebellion (1905–1908)	Germany	Qadiriyya Brotherhood Matumbi Ngoni Yao	Victory Rebellion put down		397 dead[9]
Sokehs Rebellion (1910–1911)	Germany	Sokehs tribe	Victory Rebellion put down	Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg	5 dead[10]
World War I (1914–1918)	Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Bulgaria	France United Kingdom Russia (withdrew) United States Italy Canada Australia New Zealand India South Africa Serbia Montenegro Belgium Romania Greece Portugal Brazil Nepal Japan China Siam Hejaz	Defeat Armistice of 11 November 1918 Paris Peace Conference Communist Russian Revolution and Russian Civil War, with the subsequent formation of the Soviet Union after Establishment of the Weimar Republic The rise of the United States position Transfer of German colonies and territories to other countries, partition of the Ottoman Empire, dissolution of Austria-Hungary Turkish War of Independence Creation of the League of Nations Victory of Germany and its allies over Russia	Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg	2,198,420 to 2,800,720 dead[11]

Weimar Republic (1918-1933)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result	Reichskanzler	German losses
German Revolution (1918–1919)	Germany	Revolutionaries	Government victory Establishment of the Weimar Republic	Friedrich Ebert	?
Greater Poland Uprising (1918–1919)	Germany	POW	Defeat Poland gains Greater Poland	Friedrich Ebert	?
First Silesian Uprising (1919)	Germany	POW-GS	Victory German forces crush uprising	Gustav Bauer	?
Ruhr Uprising (1920)	Germany	Ruhr Red Army	Government victory Uprising crushed	Gustav Bauer	1,600+ (Both combatants)
Second Silesian Uprising (1920)	Germany	POW-GS	League of Nations ceasefire Order restored by Allied intervention	Constantin Fehrenbach	?
Third Silesian Uprising (1921)	Germany	POW-GS	League of Nations ceasefire Parts of Upper Silesia ceded to Poland	Joseph Wirth	?

Nazi Germany (1933-1945)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result	Führer	German losses
German involvement in the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939)	Spanish Nationalists Italy Germany Portugal	Spanish Republicans International Brigades	Victory End of the Second Spanish Republic	Adolf Hitler	~300 killed[12]
Invasion of Czechoslovakia (1939)	Germany Hungary Poland	Czechoslovakia	Victory German occupation of Czechoslovakia		21 killed and wounded[13]
World War II (1939–1945)	Germany Japan Italy Hungary Romania Bulgaria Slovakia Croatia Finland Thailand	Soviet Union United States United Kingdom China France Poland Canada Australia New Zealand India South Africa Yugoslavia Greece Denmark Norway Netherlands Belgium Luxembourg Ethiopia Brazil Mexico Colombia Cuba Nepal Philippines Mongolia	Defeat Collapse of Nazi Germany and its allies. Allied occupation of Germany and Japan as well as Austria and Korea. Germany lost its eastern territories and areas Germany annexed were also abolished. In 1949 Germany was divided into West and East until the 1990 reunification Economy and facility of Europe suffered heavy loss Creation of the United Nations and rise of internationalism Rise of the pan-Europeanism Beginning of the Cold War Decline of both British-French powers Emergence of United States and Soviet Union as two superpowers Wave of Decolonization in most of Western overseas territories, especially after France's military defeat in French Indochina		6,900,000 to 7,400,000 dead[14]

German Democratic Republic (1949-1990)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result	Leadership of East Germany	German losses
East German uprising of 1953 (1953)	East Germany Soviet Union	Demonstrators	Victory	Walter Ulbricht	5 police killed

Federal Republic of Germany (1949-present)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result	Bundeskanzler (Federal Chancellor)	German losses
Operation Deliberate Force (1995)	NATO Belgium Canada Denmark France Germany Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Turkey United Kingdom United States United Nations Protection Force	Republika Srpska	Victory Dayton Accords	Helmut Kohl	None
Operation Allied Force (1999)	NATO Belgium Canada Denmark France Germany Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Turkey United Kingdom United States	FR Yugoslavia	Victory Kumanovo Treaty Yugoslav security forces pull out of Kosovo United Nations Resolution 1244	Gerhard Schröder	None
War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)	Afghanistan ISAF United States United Kingdom Canada Australia New Zealand Germany France Italy Czech Republic Netherlands Turkey Romania Georgia South Korea Poland Denmark Sweden Norway Others	Taliban al-Qaeda	Taliban Victory Fall of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in 2001 Establishment of new Afghan government Fall of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, reestablishment of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan on 16 August 2021 War in North-West Pakistan	Gerhard Schröder (2001–2005) Angela Merkel (2005–2021)	59 dead[15]
War on ISIL (2015–present)	Iraq Iraqi Kurdistan Syrian Kurdistan CJTF–OIR United States United Kingdom Canada France Germany Turkey Saudi Arabia Qatar Jordan Bahrain United Arab Emirates Morocco Australia Netherlands Belgium Denmark Norway	ISIL al-Qaeda	Ongoing Airstrikes on ISIL and al-Qaeda affiliates positions in Iraq and Syria Islamic terrorism in Europe	Angela Merkel (2015–2021) Olaf Scholz (2021–)	See below[16]
Mali War (2017-2023)	Mali MINUSMA France ECOWAS Chad Germany Netherlands Sweden	al-Qaeda	Compromise The Foreign Minister of Mali requested that the United Nations terminate MINUSMA due to what he called its "failure" to stabilize the situation there on 16 June 2023 MINUSMA was officially terminated on 30 June 2023. Dissolution of United Nations peacekeeping mission on 31 December 2023 Withdrewal of all contributing MINUSMA nations and retreat of their troops within 6 months	Angela Merkel (2015–2021) Olaf Scholz (2021–)	2 dead[17]

Notes

States that allied at some point between 1618 and 1635
States that fought against the Emperor at some point between 1618 and 1635
The French First Republic transformed into the First French Empire on 18 May 1804 with the adoption of the Constitution of the Year XII. The Coronation of Napoleon took place on 2 December 1804.
Holy Roman Emperor Francis II of Habsburg proclaimed the Austrian Empire on 11 August 1804, elevating the Habsburg monarchy to imperial status by himself. The indirect causes of this move are the French conquest of the Rhineland and further expansion into Germany and the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, which curbed the meaning and power of the Holy Roman Empire/Emperor. The direct cause of Francis' proclamation was the adoption of the new French Constitution of 18 May 1804, which appointed Napoleon as Emperor of the French (followed by his coronation on 2 December 1804). Instead of an increasingly meaningless and non-hereditary title that was dependent on the cooperation of the Electors and was limited to only the northwestern parts of his Hausmacht, Francis now made all Austrian Habsburg possessions into a unified hereditary empire.

References

Csorba, Csaba; Estók, János; Salamon, Konrád (1998). Magyarország Képes Története. Budapest: Hungarian Book-Club. ISBN 963-548-961-7. 62.-64. p.
Croxton 2013, pp. 225–226.
Heitz & Rischer 1995, p. 232.
"Абдусаламов Магомед-паша Балашович Феодальные междоусобицы кумыкских владетелей во второй половине XVII века", ИСОМ, no. 4, C.33, 2014, retrieved 26 May 2023
Hempestall & Mochida, p. 54
"Uprisings against the German/South African Colonial Power". klausdierks.com.
Bridgman, Jon M. (1966) Revolt of the Hereros University of California Press. p. 164 (KIA: 676, MIA:76, WIA: 907, died from disease: 689, civilians: 100)
Gellately, Robert; Ben Kiernan (2003). The Specter of Genocide: Mass Murder in Historical Perspective. Published by Cambridge University Press. p. 161. ISBN 0-521-52750-3.
Van der Vat, Dan. Gentlemen of War, The Amazing Story of Captain Karl von Müller and the SMS Emden. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc. 1984, p. 19
See World War I casualties
Thomas, Hugh (2003) [1961, 1987, 2001]. The Spanish Civil War. London: Penguin. p. 634. ISBN 0-14-101161-0. OCLC 248799351.
Boje o československé hranice v roce 1939
See World War II casualties
"Germany honors soldiers who fought in Afghanistan mission". dw.com. 13 October 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
No German soldiers have been killed by ISIS, however, many German civilians have been killed in terror attacks claimed by ISIS. For details, see Islamic terrorism in Europe.
"German military helicopter crashes in Mali, two peacekeepers killed". Reuters. 26 July 2017 – via www.reuters.com.

Sources

Croxton, Derek (2013). The Last Christian Peace: The Congress of Westphalia as A Baroque Event. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-33332-2.
Heitz, Gerhard; Rischer, Henning (1995). Geschichte in Daten. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern; History in data; Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (in German). Koehler&Amelang. ISBN 3-7338-0195-4.

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[3] States that allied at some point between 1618 and 1635

[4] States that fought against the Emperor at some point between 1618 and 1635

[8] The French First Republic transformed into the First French Empire on 18 May 1804 with the adoption of the Constitution of the Year XII. The Coronation of Napoleon took place on 2 December 1804.

[9] Holy Roman Emperor Francis II of Habsburg proclaimed the Austrian Empire on 11 August 1804, elevating the Habsburg monarchy to imperial status by himself. The indirect causes of this move are the French conquest of the Rhineland and further expansion into Germany and the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, which curbed the meaning and power of the Holy Roman Empire/Emperor. The direct cause of Francis' proclamation was the adoption of the new French Constitution of 18 May 1804, which appointed Napoleon as Emperor of the French (followed by his coronation on 2 December 1804). Instead of an increasingly meaningless and non-hereditary title that was dependent on the cooperation of the Electors and was limited to only the northwestern parts of his Hausmacht, Francis now made all Austrian Habsburg possessions into a unified hereditary empire.

[MKT-2] Csorba, Csaba; Estók, János; Salamon, Konrád (1998). Magyarország Képes Története. Budapest: Hungarian Book-Club. ISBN 963-548-961-7. 62.-64. p.

[FOOTNOTECroxton2013225–226-5] Croxton 2013, pp. 225–226.

[FOOTNOTEHeitzRischer1995232-6] Heitz & Rischer 1995, p. 232.

[7] "Абдусаламов Магомед-паша Балашович Феодальные междоусобицы кумыкских владетелей во второй половине XVII века", ИСОМ, no. 4, C.33, 2014, retrieved 26 May 2023

[10] Hempestall & Mochida, p. 54

[:17-11] "Uprisings against the German/South African Colonial Power". klausdierks.com.

[12] Bridgman, Jon M. (1966) Revolt of the Hereros University of California Press. p. 164 (KIA: 676, MIA:76, WIA: 907, died from disease: 689, civilians: 100)

[13] Gellately, Robert; Ben Kiernan (2003). The Specter of Genocide: Mass Murder in Historical Perspective. Published by Cambridge University Press. p. 161. ISBN 0-521-52750-3.

[14] Van der Vat, Dan. Gentlemen of War, The Amazing Story of Captain Karl von Müller and the SMS Emden. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc. 1984, p. 19

[15] See World War I casualties

[16] Thomas, Hugh (2003) [1961, 1987, 2001]. The Spanish Civil War. London: Penguin. p. 634. ISBN 0-14-101161-0. OCLC 248799351.

[17] Boje o československé hranice v roce 1939

[18] See World War II casualties

[icasualties-19] "Germany honors soldiers who fought in Afghanistan mission". dw.com. 13 October 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2021.

[20] No German soldiers have been killed by ISIS, however, many German civilians have been killed in terror attacks claimed by ISIS. For details, see Islamic terrorism in Europe.

[21] "German military helicopter crashes in Mali, two peacekeepers killed". Reuters. 26 July 2017 – via www.reuters.com.

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