List of mammals of Virginia

This is a list of mammals in Virginia, including both current and recently historical inhabitants. Virginia has 77 species of native land mammals (including extirpated species), and the coast is visited by nearly 30 marine mammal species. 11 species or subspecies of native Virginian mammals are listed as Endangered or Threatened by the state Department of Wildlife Resources (DWR). Species which are presumed extirpated are crossed out.

The Virginia big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii virginianus) is the state mammal of Virginia

Didelphimorpha (opossums)
Name Species Family Conservation status
IUCN Red List State (NatureServe)
Virginia opossum Didelphis virginiana Didelphidae Secure (S5)

Rodentia (rodents)
Name Species / Subspecies Family Conservation status
IUCN Red List Federal (ESA) State (Virginia DWR) State (NatureServe)
American beaver Castor canadensis Castoridae Secure (S5)
Southern red-backed vole Clethrionomys gapperi Cricetidae Secure (S5)
Rock vole Microtus chrotorrhinus Cricetidae State Endangered Critically Imperiled (S1)
Meadow vole Microtus pennsylvanicus Cricetidae Secure (S5)
Woodland vole Microtus pinetorum Cricetidae Secure (S5)
Allegheny woodrat Neotoma magister Cricetidae Vulnerable (S3)
Golden mouse Ochrotomys nuttalli Cricetidae Apparently Secure (S4)
Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus Cricetidae Secure (S5)
Marsh rice rat Oryzomys palustris Cricetidae Secure (S5)
Cotton mouse Peromyscus gossypinus Cricetidae Vulnerable (S3)
White-footed mouse Peromyscus leucopus Cricetidae Secure (S5)
Eastern deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus Cricetidae Secure (S5)
Eastern harvest mouse Reithrodontomys humulis Cricetidae Secure (S5)
Hispid cotton rat Sigmodon hispidus Cricetidae Secure (S5)
Southern bog lemming Synaptomys cooperi Cricetidae Secure (S5)
Nutria Myocastor coypus Echimyidae SNA - Introduced
North American porcupine Erethizon dorsatum Erethizontidae Critically Imperiled (S1)
House mouse Mus musculus Muridae SNA - Introduced
Brown rat Rattus norvegicus Muridae SNA - Introduced
Black rat Rattus rattus Muridae SNA - Introduced
Carolina northern flying squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus Sciuridae Endangered State Endangered Critically Imperiled (S1)
Virginia northern flying squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus Sciuridae Critically Imperiled (S1)
Southern flying squirrel Glaucomys volans Sciuridae Secure (S5)
Woodchuck Marmota monax Sciuridae Secure (S5)
Eastern gray squirrel Sciurus carolinensis Sciuridae Secure (S5)
Eastern fox squirrel Sciurus niger Sciuridae Apparently Secure (S4)
Eastern chipmunk Tamias striatus Sciuridae Secure (S5)
American red squirrel Tamiasciurus hudsonicus Sciuridae Secure (S5)
Woodland jumping mouse Napaeozapus insignis Zapodidae Secure (S5)
Meadow jumping mouse Zapus hudsonius Zapodidae Secure (S5)

Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
Name Species Family Conservation status
IUCN Red List State (Virginia DWR) State (NatureServe)
Snowshoe hare Lepus americanus Leporidae State Endangered Presumed Extirpated (SX)
Black-tailed jackrabbit Lepus californicus Leporidae SNA - Introduced
Eastern cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus Leporidae Secure (S5)
Appalachian cottontail Sylvilagus obscurus Leporidae Apparently Secure (S4)
Marsh rabbit Sylvilagus palustris Leporidae Vulnerable (S3)

Eulipotyphla (shrews and moles)
Name Species Family Conservation status
IUCN Red List State (Virginia DWR) State (NatureServe)
Northern short-tailed shrew Blarina brevicauda Soricidae Secure (S5)
Southern short-tailed shrew Blarina carolinensis Soricidae Secure (S5)
North American least shrew Cryptotis parva Soricidae Secure (S5)
Cinereus shrew Sorex cinereus Soricidae Secure (S5)
Long-tailed shrew Sorex dispar Soricidae Vulnerable (S3)
Smoky shrew Sorex fumeus Soricidae Secure (S5)
American pygmy shrew Sorex hoyi Soricidae Apparently Secure (S4)
Southeastern shrew Sorex longirostris Soricidae Secure (S5)
American water shrew Sorex palustris Soricidae State Endangered No Status Rank (NSR)
Star-nosed mole Condylura cristata Talpidae Apparently Secure (S4)
Hairy-tailed mole Parascalops breweri Talpidae Secure (S5)
Eastern mole Scalopus aquaticus Talpidae Secure (S5)

Chiroptera (bats)
Name Species / Subspecies Family Conservation status
IUCN Red List Federal (ESA) State (Virginia DWR) State (NatureServe)
Rafinesque's big-eared bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii Vespertilionidae State Endangered Imperiled (S2)
Virginia big-eared bat Corynorhinus townsendii virginianus Vespertilionidae Endangered State Endangered Critically Imperiled (S1)
Big brown bat Eptesicus fuscus Vespertilionidae Secure (S5)
Silver-haired bat Lasionycteris noctivagans Vespertilionidae Apparently Secure (S4)
Eastern red bat Lasiurus borealis Vespertilionidae Apparently Secure (S4)
Hoary bat Lasiurus cinereus Vespertilionidae Vulnerable (S3)
Northern yellow bat Lasiurus intermedius Vespertilionidae
Seminole bat Lasiurus seminolus Vespertilionidae
Southeastern myotis Myotis austroriparius Vespertilionidae Imperiled (S2)
Gray bat Myotis grisescens Vespertilionidae Endangered State Endangered Critically Imperiled (S1)
Eastern small-footed myotis Myotis leibii Vespertilionidae Imperiled (S2)
Little brown bat Myotis lucifugus Vespertilionidae State Endangered Imperiled (S2)
Northern long-eared bat Myotis septentrionalis Vespertilionidae Endangered State Threatened Imperiled (S2)
Indiana bat Myotis sodalis Vespertilionidae Endangered State Endangered Critically Imperiled (S1)
Evening bat Nycticeius humeralis Vespertilionidae Apparently Secure (S4)
Tricolored bat Perimyotis subflavus Vespertilionidae State Endangered Imperiled (S2)
Mexican free-tailed bat Tadarida brasiliensis Vespertilionidae

Carnivora (carnivorans)
Name Species Family Conservation status
IUCN Red List Federal (ESA) State (NatureServe)
Coyote Canis latrans Canidae Secure (S5)
Gray wolf Canis lupus Canidae Endangered Presumed Extirpated (SX)
Red wolf Canis rufus Canidae Endangered Presumed Extirpated (SX)
Gray fox Urocyon cinereoargenteus Canidae Secure (S5)
Red fox Vulpes vulpes Canidae Secure (S5)
Bobcat Lynx rufus Felidae Apparently Secure (S4)
Cougar Puma concolor Felidae Presumed Extirpated (SX)
Striped skunk Mephitis mephitis Mephitidae Secure (S5)
Eastern spotted skunk Spilogale putorius Mephitidae Vulnerable (S3)
North American river otter Lontra canadensis Mustelidae Apparently Secure (S4)
Least weasel Mustela nivalis Mustelidae Vulnerable (S3)
Long-tailed weasel Neogale frenata Mustelidae Secure (S5)
American mink Neogale vison Mustelidae Secure (S5)
Fisher Pekania pennanti Mustelidae Endangered Critically Imperiled (S1)
Harbor seal Phoca vitulina Phocidae
Common raccoon Procyon lotor Procyonidae Secure (S5)
American black bear Ursus americanus Ursidae Apparently Secure (S4)

Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
Name Species Family Conservation status
IUCN Red List State (NatureServe)
American bison Bison bison Bovidae Presumed Extirpated (SX)
Elk Cervus canadensis Cervidae Reintroduced[1]
Sika deer Cervus nippon Cervidae SNA - Introduced
White-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus Cervidae Secure (S5)
Wild boar Sus scrofa Suidae SNA - Introduced

Cetacea (whales)
Name Species Family Conservation status
IUCN Red List Federal (ESA) State (NatureServe)
North Atlantic right whale Eubalaena glacialis Balaenidae Endangered
Common minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata Balaenopteridae
Sei whale Balaenoptera borealis Balaenopteridae Endangered
Bryde's whale Balaenoptera brydei Balaenopteridae
Blue whale Balaenoptera musculus Balaenopteridae Endangered
Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus Balaenopteridae Endangered
Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae Balaenopteridae Critically Imperiled (S1)
Common dolphin Delphinus delphis Delphinidae
Short-finned pilot whale Globicephala macrorhynchus Delphinidae
Long-finned pilot whale Globicephala melas Delphinidae
Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus Delphinidae
Atlantic white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus acutus Delphinidae
Orca Orcinus orca Delphinidae
False killer whale Pseudorca crassidens Delphinidae
Striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba Delphinidae
Atlantic spotted dolphin Stenella frontalis Delphinidae
Spinner dolphin Stenella longirostris Delphinidae
Rough-toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis Delphinidae
Common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus Delphinidae
Pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps Kogiidae
Dwarf sperm whale Kogia simus Kogiidae
Harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena Phocoenidae
Sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus Physeteridae Endangered
Dense-beaked whale Mesoplodon densirostrus Ziphiidae
Antillean beaked whale Mesoplodon europaeus Ziphiidae
True's beaked whale Mesoplodon mirus Ziphiidae
Goose-beaked whale Ziphias cavirostris Ziphiidae

Sirenia (manatees)
Name Species Family Conservation status
IUCN Red List Federal (ESA)
West Indian manatee Trichechus manatus Trichechidae Threatened

References
  1. Technically listed as "Presumed Extirpated (GX)", but has since been reintroduced. See https://dwr.virginia.gov/wildlife/elk/
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