List of Muslim feminists

This is a list of important participants in Muslim feminism, originally sorted by surname within each period.

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It may include, for instance, earlier authors who did not self-identify as feminists but have been claimed to have furthered "feminist consciousness" by a resistance of male dominance expressed in their works.

Early and mid 19th-century feminists

Born between 1801 and 1874.

Name Country Born Died Comments Source
Qasim AminEgypt18631908early advocate of women's rights[1][2]
Nawab FaizunnesaBritish India (present day Bangladesh)18341903female education advocate[3]
Hamida JavanshirAzerbaijan18731955women's rights activist, philanthropist[4]
Aisha TaymurEgypt18401902social activist, novelist[5]
Fatma Aliye TopuzTurkey18621936women's rights activist, novelist[6]
Jamil Sidqi al-ZahawiIraq18631936poet, Islamic philosopher
Zaynab Fawwaz Lebanon 1860 1914 playwright, women's rights activist [7]

Late 19th-century and early 20th-century feminists

Born between 1875 and 1939.

Name Country Born Died Comments Source
Iffat AraBangladesh1939–writer, social activist[8]
Margot BadranUnited States1934-Middle East historian and recognized scholar of Islamic feminism[9]
Eugénie Le BrunEgypt1908[10]
Hamid DalwaiIndia19321977Socialist feminist
Tahar HaddadTunisia18971935[11]
Zaib-un-Nissa HamidullahBritish India19212000pioneer in (pre)Pakistan[12]
Shamsiah FakehMalaysia19242008political leader, Malaysian nationalist[13]
Hameeda HossainBangladesh1936–human rights activist, academic[14]
Fatima Ahmed IbrahimSudan19332017
Raden Adjeng KartiniIndonesia18791904Javanese advocate for native Indonesian women, critic of polygamous marriages and lack of education opportunities for women[1]
Sufia KamalBangladesh19111999advocate, nationalist, poet[15]
Anbara Salam KhalidiLebanon18971986author[16][17]
Shamsunnahar MahmudBangladesh19081964leader of the women's rights movement in Bengal[18]
Malak Hifni NasifEgypt18861918[19]
Nizar QabbaniSyria19231998poet, progressive intellectual[20]
Alifa RifaatEgypt19301996novelist[21]
Begum RokeyaBangladesh18801932writer, educator[22][23][24]
Huda Sha'arawiEgypt18791947organiser; founder of Egyptian Feminist Union[25]
Hidaya Sultan al-SalemKuwait19362001writer, campaigner, suffragist[26][27]
Rasuna SaidIndonesia19101965political leader, nationalist[28]
Saiza NabarawiEgypt18971985journalist[29]
Salma SobhanBangladesh19372003lawyer, academic[30]
Nurkhon YuldashevaUzbekistan19131929dancer[31]
Ismat ChughtaiIndia19151991novelist, director
Nazira Zain al-Dine Lebanon 1908 1976 writer, women's rights activist [32]

Mid to late 20th-century and notable 21st-century feminists

Born from 1940 to present

Name Country Born Died Comments Source
Saleemah Abdul-GhafurUnited States1974–Global health advocate[33]
Sitara AchakzaiAfghanistan19562009leading Afghan women's rights activist, member of the regional parliament in Kandahar[34]
Jamila AfghaniAfghanistan1974–women's rights activist, created the first "gender-sensitive training in Afghanistan for Imams"[35][36]
Mahnaz AfkhamiIran1941–women's rights activist, Minister without portfolio for Women's Affairs, Founder and President of Women's Learning Partnership[37][38]
Haleh Afshar, Baroness AfsharUnited Kingdom1944–professor of politics and women's studies, member of the British House of Lords[39]
Nazir AfzalUnited Kingdom1962–Public prosecutor and campaigner focusing on violence against women and so-called honour crimes[40]
Leila AhmedEgypt1940–Writer on Islam and feminism[41]
Safia Ahmed-janAfghanistan19412006Afghan women's rights advocate[42]
Kecia AliUnited States1972scholar on the study of Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh) and Women[43]
Mariam Alhassan AloloGhana1957–female Islamic missionary[44]
Amat Al Alim AlsoswaYemen1958–journalist[45]
Fadela AmaraFrance1964–politician[46]
Zainah AnwarMalaysia–head of Sisters in Islam[47]
Seyran AteşGermany1963–lawyer[48][49]
Shukria BarakzaiAfghanistan1970–politician, journalist[50]
Farzana BariPakistan1952–human rights activist[51][52]
Asma BarlasPakistan1950–academics[53]
Benazir BhuttoPakistan19532007Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1988 to 1990 and from 1993 to 1996[54]
Susan CarlandAustralia1978–academic[55]
Kamala ChandrakiranaIndonesia–human rights activist[56]
Shirin EbadiIran1947–; activist, Nobel Peace Prize winner for her efforts for the rights of women and children[57]
Sineb El Masrar Germany 1981 – Moroccan-German author and magazine editor [58]
Mona EltahawyEgypt1967–journalist[59]
Farid EsackSouth Africa1959–Muslim scholar, gender equity commissioner
Zahra EshraghiIran1964–activist, former government official[60][61]
Soumaya Naamane GuessousMorocco–sociologist, women's rights activist[62]
Fatemeh HaghighatjooIran1968–reformist politician, contributed proposing a bill to join Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women[63][64]
Mohammad Shafiq HamdamAfghanistan1981–Chairman of the Afghan Anti-Corruption Network (AACN)
Suheir HammadJordan1973–poet, political activist
Riffat HassanPakistan1943–theologian, scholar of the Qur'an[65]
Hissa HilalSaudi Arabia–poet[66]
Lubna al-HusseinSudan–journalist, human rights activist[67]
Samira IbrahimEgypt1987–activist[68]
Ramziya al-IryaniYemen1954–novelist, diplomat[69][70]
Na'eem JeenahSouth Africa1965–academic[71]
Mohja KahfSyria1967–
Meena Keshwar KamalAfghanistan19561987women's rights activist, founder of Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan[72][73][74][75]
Sultana KamalBangladesh1950–activist[76][77]
Sadiq KhanUnited Kingdom1970–Mayor of London since 2016[78]
Noushin Ahmadi KhorasaniIran20th century–
Fawzia KoofiAfghanistan1975 or 1976–politician, women' rights activist[79]
Elaheh KoulaeiIran1956–
Konca KurişTurkey19611999writer[80]
Asma LamrabetMorocco[81]
Mukhtār Mā'īPakistan1972–advocate for women's rights[82]
Irshad ManjiCanada1968–[83]
Farideh MashiniIran2012women's rights activist[84]
Fatema MernissiMorocco19402015[85]
Ziba Mir-HosseiniIran1952–academic of Islamic law and gender[86][87]
Fakhrossadat MohtashamipourIran–reformist activist, head of women's affairs at the Ministry of Interior[88]
Ilham MoussaïdFrance1989–politician[89][90]
Shirin NeshatIran1957–visual artist[91][92]
Asra NomaniIndia1965–[93]
Queen Noor of JordanJordan1951–queen consort of Jordan
Ayaz Latif PalijoPakistan1968–politician
Zahra RahnavardIran1945–academic, politician[94]
Queen Rania of JordanJordan1970–queen consort of Jordan
Raheel RazaPakistan1949–journalist, activist[95][96]
Nilofar SakhiAfghanistan20th century–human rights activist[97]
Zainab SalbiIraq1969–humanitarian, CEO of Women for Women International[98][99]
Linda SarsourUnited States1980–political activist[100]
Marjane SatrapiFrance, Iran1969–comic artist[101]
Shamima ShaikhSouth Africa19601998South African activist, member of the Muslim Youth Movement of South Africa, proponent of Islamic gender equality[102]
Shahla SherkatIran1956–journalist
Nasrin SotoudehIran1963–human rights lawyer[103]
Hidayet Şefkatli TuksalTurkey1963human rights activist[104]
Zil-e-Huma UsmanPakistan19712007politician, women's rights activist[105]
Amina WadudUnited States1952[106]
Rama YadeFrance1976politician, writer[107]
Nadia YassineMorocco1958[108]
Malala YousafzaiPakistan1997–Pakistani activist for female education[109]
Bilkisu YusufNigeria19522015journalist, NGO adviser[110]
Kadra YusufNorway1980activist[111]
Musdah MuliaIndonesia1960human rights activist, Islamic scholar, theologian, proponent of Islamic gender equality and LGBTIQ, interfaith activist, one of founders and leaders of ICRP - Indonesian Conference on Religion and Peace
Manal al-Sharif Saudi Arabia 1979 women's rights activist [112]
Samar Badawi Saudi Arabia 1981 women's rights activist [113]
Nassima al-Sadah Saudi Arabia 1974 women's rights activist [113]

Muslim feminist movements

See also

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