Langonnet

Langonnet (Breton: Langoned) is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France.[3]

Langonnet
Langoned
Commune
The Church of Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul, in Langonnet
The Church of Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul, in Langonnet
Coat of arms of Langonnet
Coat of arms
Location of Langonnet
Langonnet is located in France
Langonnet
Langonnet
Langonnet is located in Brittany
Langonnet
Langonnet
Coordinates: 48°06′23″N 3°29′32″W
CountryFrance
RegionBrittany
DepartmentMorbihan
ArrondissementPontivy
CantonGourin
IntercommunalityRoi Morvan Communauté
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Françoise Guillerm[1]
Area
1
85.40 km2 (32.97 sq mi)
Population
 (Jan. 2020)[2]
1,708
 • Density20/km2 (52/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
56100 /56630
Elevation104–292 m (341–958 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Geography

Langonnet is in north-west part of Cornouaille, in Lower Brittany. It's one of the few Cornouaille parishes that are now in the Morbihan department. Thus the main language was the Breton language until the advent of intensive farming after the second world war at which point the people, who were bilingual, switched to the French language.

The parish holds two main human settlements:

  • the actual town of Langonnet in the south
  • the town of La Trinité-Langonnet in north-east

In the south-east there's the Notre-Dame de Langonnet abbey.

Topography

The highest point of the parish the calotte Saint Joseph, a round hill whose top is at 292 meters. It offers a nice view over the surrounding area (most of the parish is at 190 meter level).

Neighboring communes

Langonnet is border by Plouray and Priziac to the east, by Le Faouët to the south, by Le Saint and Gourin to the west and by Tréogan, Plévin, Paule and Glomel to the north.

Map
Topographic map

Toponymy

Its Breton name is written Langoned in modern breton but it has been written differently along the years (because of different tentatives to transcribe the Breton phonetic system with the Latin alphabet):

  • XIe siècle : (Lan)Chunuett
  • 1152 : Langenoit
  • 1161 : Langonio
  • 1168 : Lanngonio
  • 1301 : Lenguenet
  • 1368 : Langonec
  • 1368 : Langonio
  • 1373 : Languenec
  • 1516 : Langonet
  • 1516 : Langonio
  • 1536 : Langonnet
  • 1574 : Langonec
  • 1630 : Langouet
  • Today: Langoned

The Langoned name is said to come from Lann-Conet, the monastery (See lan in Breton, llan in welsh language) of Conet[4] (or Conoit, Konoed, Kon(n)ed, Konoid = Cynwyd, Kynwyd or Kynyd in welsh), a Welsh saint that came in Brittany.

Demographics

Inhabitants of Langonnet are called in French Langonnetais, in Breton Langonediz. Langonnet's population peaked at 4,848 in 1931 and declined to 1,724 in 2019. This represents a 64.4% decrease in total population since the peak census figure.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 3,306—    
1800 3,020−1.28%
1806 2,924−0.54%
1831 2,715−0.30%
1836 3,432+4.80%
1841 3,442+0.06%
1846 3,714+1.53%
1851 3,442−1.51%
1856 3,427−0.09%
1861 3,629+1.15%
1866 4,024+2.09%
1872 3,417−2.69%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1876 3,929+3.55%
1881 3,673−1.34%
1886 3,710+0.20%
1891 3,666−0.24%
1896 3,681+0.08%
1901 3,982+1.58%
1906 4,123+0.70%
1911 4,450+1.54%
1921 4,494+0.10%
1926 4,437−0.25%
1931 4,848+1.79%
1936 4,358−2.11%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1946 4,407+0.11%
1954 3,420−3.12%
1962 3,083−1.29%
1968 2,791−1.64%
1975 2,373−2.29%
1982 2,106−1.69%
1990 2,005−0.61%
1999 1,918−0.49%
2008 1,922+0.02%
2013 1,874−0.50%
2019 1,724−1.38%
Source: EHESS[5] and INSEE (1968-2019)[6]

Breton language

The municipality launched a linguistic plan through Ya d'ar brezhoneg on 27 January 2005.

Landscapes
  • The calotte Saint Joseph, highest peak of the village
    The calotte Saint Joseph, highest peak of the village
  • Panoramic view from the top of the Calotte Saint-Joseph
    Panoramic view from the top of the Calotte Saint-Joseph
  • Panoramic view from the top of the Minez Collobert
    Panoramic view from the top of the Minez Collobert

See also

References
  1. "Maires du Morbihan" (PDF). Préfecture du Morbihan. 7 July 2020.
  2. "Populations légales 2020". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 29 December 2022.
  3. INSEE commune file
  4. Orme, Nicholas (2000). OUP Oxford (ed.). The Saints of Cornwall. Oxford. p. 93. ISBN 0-19-820765-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Langonnet, EHESS (in French).
  6. , INSEE
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