Lady Snowblood (manga)

Lady Snowblood (Japanese: 修羅雪姫, Hepburn: Shurayuki-hime) is a Japanese manga series written by Kazuo Koike and illustrated by Kazuo Kamimura. It was serialized in Shueisha's Weekly Playboy magazine from February 1972 to March 1973. The series revolves around the title character, a female assassin who seeks vengeance against the bandits who raped her mother and murdered both her father and older brother.

Lady Snowblood
The cover of Vol. 1 of the Dark Horse Comics collection
修羅雪姫
(Shurayuki-hime)
Manga
Written byKazuo Koike
Illustrated byKazuo Kamimura
Published byShueisha
English publisher
ImprintPlayboy Zōkan
MagazineWeekly Playboy
DemographicSeinen
Original runFebruary 29, 1972 – March 6, 1973
Volumes2 (4 in English)

Lady Snowblood was translated into English and published in four volumes by Dark Horse Comics between 2005 and 2006. The manga was adapted into a live-action film of the same name starring Meiko Kaji in 1973, which was followed by Lady Snowblood: Love Song of Vengeance in 1974. The manga and film adaptations have influenced a number of other works.

Title

The Japanese title Shurayuki-hime is a pun on Snow White's Japanese name (白雪姫, Shirayuki-hime, "Princess Snow-White").[1] Additionally, shura nods to the Buddhist path of the asura, in which a devout follower is prepared to kill.[1] The title was translated as Lady Snowblood because Asura is associated with the term shuraba "scene of a great battle" or "scene of carnage".[2]

Plot

A band of four villainous criminals murder the husband and child of a woman whom they rape. The woman kills one of the bandits and is imprisoned without parole; she decides to seduce a guard to become pregnant, and has her daughter raised by a friend in order to avenge the family. The girl, Oyuki / Lady Snowblood, grows up and determines to set up crime boss Okono Kitahama so she will be convicted as a murderer. Kitahama's cohort Gishiro Tsukamoto discovers Oyuki's plan and uses her ally Miyanara as bait, but Oyuki defeats him. Another cohort, Hanzo Takemura, begs for Oyuki's forgiveness, but she slays him in a final act of vengeance.

Characters
Lady Snowblood – Oyuki
Lady Snowblood
Oyuki is a seductive and beautiful woman, with formidable skills in using a blade hidden in her umbrella. She has been entrusted with a task of vengeance by her mother to kill the three surviving criminals who murdered her brother and father. When necessary, she uses her sex appeal to distract her foes.[1]
Miyanara-san
A writer who pens Oyuki's story in an effort to draw the final two tormentors out in the open. Although antagonistic at first, he comes to treat Oyuki as his daughter, even risking his life to assist in her quest. It is implied through their final interaction that Oyuki will return to take care of him, as he is the closest thing to a father that she has ever had.
Matsuemon-san
The leader of a band of beggars who assists Oyuki in discovering the location of her kill list in return for Oyuki stealing a hojicho for him.

Production

Written by Kazuo Koike and illustrated by Kazuo Kamimura, Lady Snowblood was serialized in Shueisha's Weekly Playboy magazine between February 29, 1972 and March 6, 1973.[3] The chapters were collected and published under the Playboy Zōkan imprint in two volumes on December 10, 1972 and March 15, 1973.[3] Since then the manga has been republished in various editions by different publishers, including a 1976–1977 three volume edition by Akita Shoten, a five volume 1985 edition by Takeshobo, and a two volume 2001 edition by Kadokawa Shoten.[3]

Lady Snowblood: Resurrection Chapter (修羅雪姫 復活之章, Shurayuki-hime: Fukkatsu no Shō) was serialized in Weekly Playboy from November 1973 to June 1974.[4]

Lady Snowblood was translated and published in English between 2005–2006 by Dark Horse Comics as a series of four volumes, collected into more-or-less self-contained chapters.

Media

English volumes
No. Title Release date ISBN
1The Deep-Seated Grudge (Part 1)September 21, 20051-59307-385-2
  • Chapter 1: Sumida River Loincloth Cutting Board
  • Chapter 2: Stylish Woman and Umbrella over rain of Blood
  • Chapter 3: Love, Hate, String of Blood, and Confession
  • Chapter 4: Dead Cherry Blossoms and the dance of short sleeve with white blade
  • Chapter 5: Rokumeikan Murder Panorama
In chapter 1, Lady Snowblood is contracted to assassinate the oyabun from a gambling den. She cheats using powdered dice to lure out the oyabun before killing him and the guards outside in the snow.

In chapter 2, Lady Snowblood is hired to assassinate Jinba, a brothel owner and find out what makes his brothel so popular. She starts a fire on one of Jinba's buildings before helping to put it out to gain his trust. Upon learning the brothel's popularity is in a lesbian sex show, she kills Jinba.

In chapter 3, a child is born in a women's prison. The mother suffers terribly while giving birth but before dying, she tells the tale of how her husband and son were murdered and she was brutally raped. She escaped their clutches by killing one of her tormentors, Tokuichi Shoei, but was caught by the police and sentenced to life imprisonment. This child, Oyuki, is cursed to carry out the vengeance her mother was unable to. This is where the reader learns Lady Snowblood's true name.

In chapter 4, Oyuki is given a contract to slay Kotozo Shimaya, who runs a rickshaw business which preys on unaccompanied women.

In chapter 5, Oyuki learns the skills of a pickpocket from an inmate friend of her mother. Using her newly acquired skills, she slays two women and two men and she frames corrupt high-ranking officials into shutting down a rokumeikan (Social Hall), which was for the westernization of Japan.
2The Deep-Seated Grudge (Part 2)December 28, 20051-59307-443-3
  • Chapter 6: Hojicho and Precious Flowers
  • Chapter 7: Harsh Training and a Blooming Countenance
  • Chapter 8: Love, Pawnshop of Life and Merciless Disposal
  • Chapter 9: Blackmailer Genjirô and the song of the phantom, Part 1
In chapter 1, Oyuki makes a deal with Matsuemon, the leader of band of thieves / beggars. In return for Hojicho, a document containing the dates of people's deaths, he will find the current locations of her mother's tormentors.

Chapter 2 recounts Oyuki's brutal sword training as a child to become Lady Snowblood.

In chapter 3, Oyuki frames Okono Kitahama, one of her mother's four tormentors, with a fake life insurance business and for murder. Okono is the one on Oyuki's vengeance list who she does not kill.

In chapter 4, Oyuki is contracted to find blackmailer Genjirô. It concludes in a cliffhanger, with Oyuki about to be raped by Genjirô.
3Retribution (Part 1)March 29, 20061-59307-458-1
  • Chapter 9: Blackmailer Genjirô and the song of the phantom, Part 2
  • Chapter 10: Unveiling of a Pretty Woman and a Strange Story
  • Chapter 11: Master Crook, the Wanderer
Picking up from the previous chapter, Oyuki escapes Genjirô's clutches and deals a fatal blow to him. However, before he dies she decides to have sex with him.

In chapter 2, Oyuki is contracted to kill a yakuza controlling an area, so that it can be developed into a museum.

In chapter 3, Oyuki enlists the help of a writer to chronicle her life in a newspaper in an effort to locate the final two people on her assassination list.
4Retribution (Part 2)June 28, 20061-59307-532-4
  • Chapter 12: Bloom of Youth, White Uniform, and Song of Tears
  • Chapter 13: Indecent Photographer's confession
  • Chapter 14: An Account of How Gishiro Strikes Back
  • Chapter 15: Bamboo's Tears
In chapter 12, Oyuki hides as a nurse in a mental health clinic to avoid capture.

In chapter 13, a photographer uses men to rape his female clients. The photos of the rape are then used as blackmail. Oyuki is hired to destroy the photos and slay the photographer.

In chapter 14, Gishiro captures Mr. Miyanara. Oyuki, disguised as an old lady, slips into Gishiro's house and murders him in cold blood, leaving only Hanzo Takameru.

In chapter 15, Hanzo Takameru is now an old man with a young daughter supporting him. Oyuki kills Hanzo, but saves his young daughter from being sold as a prostitute. She lies to her that her father committed suicide. Finally obtaining retribution for her mother, the final panel shows an umbrella, which houses Oyuki's blade, being tossed into the sea.

Film adaptations

In 1973, the manga was adapted into a feature film of the same name by director Toshiya Fujita, starring Meiko Kaji. The film was followed by Lady Snowblood: Love Song of Vengeance in 1974. A science fiction remake titled The Princess Blade, starring Yumiko Shaku, was released in 2001.

Lady Snowblood and its 1973 adaptation are credited as major sources of inspiration behind Quentin Tarantino's Kill Bill: Volume One and Two and its protagonist The Bride (Beatrix Kiddo),[5] as well as the Marvel Comics supervillainess Lady Bullseye (Maki Matsumoto), created by Ed Brubaker, Marko Djurdjevic, and Clay Mann,[6] and voiced by Reiko Aylesworth in the animated series Hit-Monkey.[7][8]

Additionally, the manga and film adaptation are an inspiration for the 2021 anime series Joran: The Princess of Snow and Blood.[9]

Stage adaptations

In November 2021, the stage adaptation of the manga was performed at the CBGK Shibugeki theater in Tokyo, with Yui Imaizumi as the main character.[10] A sequel titled Lady Snowblood – 50th Anniversary Revival – Lady Snowblood and the Eight Rogues (修羅雪姫-復活祭50th- 修羅雪と八人の悪党) was performed in February 2022.[11]

Video game adaptations

Character of Setsuka from the SoulCalibur franchise (started as a "Soul Edge" in the first entry of the series) of fighting video games was heavily inspired by Oyuki, both in visuals and her fighting/fencing style. Setsuka uses a knife concealed in an umbrella, exactly the same way Oyuki does, and also has nearly identical backstory and motivations for her actions in all respective SoulCalibur games where she appears. Some of Setsuka's extra costumes and additional color palettes directly reference and mirror Oyuki's clothes in original Lady Snowblood manga and both movie adaptations.

Reception

Tom Rosin from Manga Life considers Lady Snowblood "another cold-blooded revenge drama from the author of Lone Wolf", and says he enjoyed the mix of Western modernization and Japanese traditionalism.[12] W .E. Wallo from Blogcritics.org finds the English translation weak compared to that of Lone Wolf and Cub, but recommends it to any fans of the latter series. Similarly to Tom Rosin, he praises the prevalent East–West dichotomy.[13]

References
  1. Koike, Kazuo (2016). A Beautiful Demon: Kazuo Koike on Lady Snowblood (DVD). The Criterion Collection. Event occurs at 1:30, 7:45.
  2. "Samurai Liner Notes". AnimEigo. Archived from the original on 31 March 2008. Retrieved 8 April 2008.
  3. "修羅雪姫". Kazuo Kamimura Official Site (in Japanese). Retrieved 14 November 2020.
  4. "修羅雪姫 復活之章". Kazuo Kamimura Official Site (in Japanese). Retrieved 14 November 2020.
  5. Rose, Steve (6 April 2004). "Found: where Tarantino gets his ideas". The Guardian. Retrieved 25 September 2006.
  6. Phegley, Kiel (5 September 2008). "Daredevil: Enter Lady Bullseye". Marvel.com. Retrieved 2 May 2009.
  7. Robbins, Jason (1 December 2021). "Which Marvel Characters Appear in 'Hit-Monkey'?". Collider. Retrieved 8 November 2022.
  8. Marvel (20 September 2021). "'Hit-Monkey' Premieres November 17 On Hulu". Marvel.com. Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  9. Poehlman, Alex (7 July 2021). "INTERVIEW: The Staff Of JORAN: THE PRINCESS OF SNOW AND BLOOD". Crunchyroll News. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  10. Inc, Natasha. "【公演 / 会見レポート】今泉佑唯、女優復帰作「修羅雪姫」幕開けに「皆さんのおかげ」と感謝述べる". ステージナタリー (in Japanese). Retrieved 23 April 2022. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  11. Inc, Natasha. "今泉佑唯が再び修羅雪姫に、舞台「修羅雪姫-復活祭50th- 修羅雪と八人の悪党」". ステージナタリー (in Japanese). Retrieved 23 April 2022. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  12. Rosin, Tom (November 2005). "Lady Snowblood v1: The Deep-Seated Grudge". Manga Life. Archived from the original on 19 February 2006. Retrieved 8 April 2008.
  13. Wallo, W. E. (17 November 2005). "Graphic Novel Review: Lady Snowblood Vol. 1". Blogcritics.org. Archived from the original on 12 June 2008. Retrieved 8 April 2008.; archived at the "Wayback Machine" .
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