Kelvin (microarchitecture)

Kelvin is the codename for a GPU microarchitecture developed by Nvidia, and released in 2001, as the successor to Celsius[1] microarchitecture. It was named with reference to William Thomson (Baron Kelvin) and used with the GeForce 4 and 3 series.

Nvidia Kelvin
Release date2001-2003 2001
ArchitectureKelvin
Fabrication process150 nm
API support
Direct3D8.0
OpenGL1.2 (1.5)
History
PredecessorCelsius
SuccessorRankine
Support status
Unsupported
Photo of Baron Kelvin, eponym of architecture

Graphics features
  • DirectX 8.0
  • OpenGL 1.2 (1.5)[2][3]
  • Shader Model 1.3
  • Vertex Shader 1.1
  • Max VRAM size bumped to 128MB
  • New memory controller with Z compression[2]

Chips

GeForce 3 (3xxx) series
  • NV20, 57 million transistor

GeForce 4 (4xxx) series
  • NV2A (Xbox GPU), 57 million transistor[4]
  • NV25, 63 million transistor
  • NV28, 36 million transistor[5]
  • NV17
  • NV18

GPU list

GeForce 3 (3xxx) series
Model Launch Code name Fab (nm) Bus interface Core clock (MHz) Memory clock (MHz) Core config1 Fillrate Memory
MOperations/s MPixels/s MTexels/s MVertices/s Size (MB) Bandwidth (GB/s) Bus type Bus width (bit)
GeForce3 Ti200 October 1, 2001 NV20 TSMC 150 nm AGP 4×

PCI

 175 200 4:1:8:4 700 700 1400 42.75 64

128

 6.4 DDR 128
GeForce3 February 27, 2001 200 230 800 800 1600 50 64 7.36
GeForce3 Ti500 October 1, 2001 240 250 960 960 1920 60 64

128

 8

GeForce 4 (4xxx) series
Model Launch Code name Fab (nm) Bus interface Core clock (MHz) Memory clock (MHz) Core config1 Fillrate Memory Supported API version
MOperations/s MPixels/s MTexels/s MVertices/s Size (MB) Bandwidth (GB/s) Bus type Bus width (bit) Direct3D OpenGL
GeForce4 MX IGP + nForce2 October 1, 2002 NV1F TSMC 150 nm FSB 250 133

200

 2:0:4:2 500 500 1000 0 Up to 128 system RAM 2.128

6.4

 DDR 64

128

 7.0 1.2
GeForce4 MX420 February 6, 2002 NV17 AGP 4×

PCI

 166 64 2.656 SDR

DDR

 128 (SDR)

64 (DDR)

GeForce4 MX440 SE 2002 64

128

 5.312 DDR 128
GeForce MX4000 December 14, 2003 NV18B AGP 8×

PCI

 2.656 64
GeForce PCX4300 February 19, 2004 PCIe ×16 128
GeForce4 MX440 February 6, 2002 NV17 AGP 4×

PCI

 275 200 550 550 1100 64

128

 6.4 128
GeForce4 MX440 8x September 25, 2002 NV18 AGP 8×

PCI

 250 8
GeForce4 MX460 February 6, 2002 NV17 AGP 4×

PCI

 300 275 600 600 1200
GeForce4 Ti4200 April 16, 2002 NV25 AGP 4× 250 222 (128 MB)

250 (64 MB)

 4:2:8:4 1000 1000 2000 125 7.104 (128 MB)

8 (64 MB)

 8.0a 1.3
GeForce4 Ti4200 8x September 25, 2002 NV28 AGP 8× 250 128 8
GeForce4 Ti4400 February 6, 2002 NV25 AGP 4× 275 275 1100 1100 2200 137.5 8.8
GeForce4 Ti4400 8x

(Ti4800SE2)

 January 20, 2003 NV28 AGP 8×
GeForce4 Ti4600 February 6, 2002 NV25 AGP 4× 300 325 1200 1200 2400 150 10.4
GeForce4 Ti4600 8x

(Ti48003)

 January 20, 2003 NV28 AGP 8×
Model Launch Code name Fab (nm) Bus interface Core clock (MHz) Memory clock (MHz) Core config1 Fillrate Memory Supported API version
MOperations/s MPixels/s MTexels/s MVertices/s Size (MB) Bandwidth (GB/s) Bus type Bus width (bit) Direct3D OpenGL
Model Features
nFiniteFX II Engine Video Processing Engine (VPE)
GeForce4 MX420 No Yes
GeForce4 MX440 SE No Yes
GeForce4 MX4000 No Yes
GeForce4 PCX4300 No Yes
GeForce4 MX440 No Yes
GeForce4 MX440 8X No Yes
GeForce4 MX460 No Yes
GeForce4 Ti4200 Yes No
GeForce4 Ti4200 8x Yes No
GeForce4 Ti4400 Yes No
GeForce4 Ti4400 8x Yes No
GeForce4 Ti4600 Yes No
GeForce4 Ti4600 8x Yes No

See also

References
  1. "CodeNames". nouveau.freedesktop.org. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  2. "GPU chips — envytools git documentation". envytools.readthedocs.io. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  3. "TechPowerUp". TechPowerUp. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  4. "NVIDIA Xbox GPU Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  5. "NVIDIA GeForce4 Ti 4800 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
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