June–August 2012 Hakkari clashes

Clashes started on June 19, with a PKK attack on a military outpost in Dağlıca,[7] that resulted in the death of 8 Turkish soldiers.[1] The attack was ordered by Bahoz Erdal, organized by Reşit Dostum and İskender Derik and carried out by 200–250 fighters under command of Yılmaz Kürdo.[1] The Turkish state responded by deploying 5,000 Turkish troops[1] supported by war planes, cobra helicopters and howitzers[4] in a counter operation that killed 26 PKK fighters according to Turkish sources.[1] According to the PKK Press Office HPG-BIM, 109 Turkish soldiers had been killed and over 100 had been wounded in the clashes. They also claimed to have shot down four Sikorsky helicopters and damaged nine others, while 15 PKK fighters had lost their lives during the clashes.[4] Turkey's state-run news agency's reported that two soldiers were killed and 10 were wounded.[8]

On June 20, the Turkish military said warplanes and helicopters have struck PKK rebel targets inside the Kurdistan region in Iraq's north, in response to the recent PKK attack near the Iraqi border.[4]

Since July 21, Hakkari's Şemdinli district became the scene of PKK attempt to establish dominance.[2] When on July 21 security forces checked roads near Şemdinli, following correspondence with Ankara, the military unit in the district went to the region only to see that the PKK militants had fled.[2] As the security forces returned to the military barracks, the PKK blocked roads and interrogated locals.[2] Turkish security forces found out that some PKK members had moved into the city center.[2] At the same time, around 100 militants from the Iranian border began to move to Şemdinli from two different areas. Their goal was apparently to create a "liberated area".[2] Turkish unmanned aerial vehicles then detected the mobility of the militants and relayed this information to the relevant military units.[2] The Şemdinli Regimental Command sent commandos in pursuit of the militants, who infiltrated into Turkey from the Iranian border.[2] Military units were also sent to the area. In the first clash, 20 soldiers were injured while many PKK members were killed.[2] Then, military operations were conducted targeting the militants in the city centers. Turkish security forces found out, according to images provided by unmanned aerial vehicles, that many PKK members were killed. Soldiers searching the areas in rural parts of Şemdinli have so far found the bodies of six PKK militants.[2] It is thought that 120 PKK members were killed, although only six bodies were found.[2] Meanwhile, helicopter crash killed 5 Turkish soldiers and wounded 7 others in Hakkari province on July 21. Turkish Armed Forces (TSK) stated that the helicopter was down due to power dissipation while it was landing.[9]

According to the press, the event was a part of the PKK major plan to take control of Şemdinli, making preparations to this effect but failing to achieve its goal.[2] The PKK however claimed to have created a "liberated area" in Şemdinli's Derecik region.[2]

Eight members of the Turkish security forces were killed late Aug. 4 in a PKK attack on military outposts in Hakkari's Çukurca district, according to Turkish Interior Minister İdris Naim Şahin.[5] 14 PKK members, including a female suicide bomber, died in the attack.[5]